scholarly journals Antimicrobial, Antioxidant Activities, and HPLC Determination of the Major Components of Verbena carolina (Verbenaceae)

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1970
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Lara-Issasi ◽  
Cecilia Salgado ◽  
José Pedraza-Chaverri ◽  
Omar N. Medina-Campos ◽  
Agustín Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Oral Toxicity

Verbena carolina L. (Verbenaceae) is used as a decoction in Mexican folk medicine with applications against digestive problems and for dermatological infections. The present work firstly reported HPLC analysis, as well as the free radical scavenging capacity of the extracts and isolated compounds. Antimicrobial analyses of these substances against the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi and the fungi Candida albicans, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and T. rubrum were also tested, as well as the acute oral toxicity in mice of aqueous extracts. Major secondary metabolites in V. carolina extracts were isolated by conventional phytochemical methods which consisted of three terpenoids ((1), (3) and (4)) and four phenolic compounds ((2), (4)–(6)). Their contents were determined by HPLC in six different samples from different locations. The results indicated that ursolic acid (1), hispidulin (2), verbenaline (3), hastatoside (4), verbascoside (5), hispidulin 7-O-β-d-glucuronopyranoside (6) and pectolinaringenin-7-O-α-d-glucuronopyranoside (7) were the main constituents and ranged from 0.17 to 3.37 mg/g of dried plant, with verbascoside being the most abundant and with a significant antioxidant activity in reactive oxygen species (ROS). Hispidulin was the only active compound against T. mentagrophytes and T. rubrum. The aqueous extract showed no significant toxicity (LD50: > 5000 mg/mL). To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive report of the chemical characterization of V. carolina and also of the activity of its constituents towards reactive oxygen species and dermatophytes, and its safety for consumption.

scholarly journals Interaction of Ziziphus mucronata subsp. mucronata Methanol Extract and First-Line Antibiotics is Synergistic In Vitro through Production of Reactive Oxygen Species

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Aderonke Ariyike Olajuyigbe ◽  
Olufunmiso Olusola Olajuyigbe ◽  
Roger Murugas Coopoosamy
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Ziziphus Mucronata

With the increased incidence of antibacterial resistance in microorganisms, combining natural products from plants with antibiotics may be considered interesting alternatives for synergy to attain multitarget effects. In this study, the antioxidant activity of the methanol extract of Ziziphus mucronata and its interactions with antibiotics against bacteria of clinical importance were investigated. While its phytochemicals and antioxidant activities were determined by free radical scavenging assays, the antibacterial activities of the extract and its interactions with the antibiotics were determined by macrobroth dilution and the checkerboard methods. From the results, total phenolic content was 29.67 ± 1.90 mg GAE/100 g, total flavonoid content was 8.72 ± 0.08 mg QE/100 g, and total proanthocyanidin content was 1.94 ± 0.00 mg CE/100 g of dry plant material. The inhibition concentration 50% (IC50) of DPPH, BHT, and ascorbic acid was equal to 0.04 ± 0.02 mg/ml, respectively. Those of the ABTS, BHT, and ascorbic acid were equal to 0.02 ± 0.02, 0.04 ± 0.03, and 0.04 ± 0.02 mg/ml, respectively. The checkerboard assay showed that combining the extract with different antibiotics resulted in synergistic (38.75%), indifferent (30%), additive (28.75%), and antagonistic (2.5%) interactions. The interactions between the extract and antibiotics resulting in enhanced antibacterial activities could have resulted from the antioxidant activities of the extract mopping up the ROS generated by the antibiotics or the ability of both extract and antibiotics simultaneously producing reactive oxygen species with deleterious effects resulting in synergistic antibacterial effects.

scholarly journals How to express the antioxidant properties of substances properly?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Olszowy-Tomczyk
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
The Body ◽  
Universal Method ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Good Tool

AbstractOxidative stress, associated with an imbalance between the oxidants (reactive oxygen species) and the antioxidants in the body, contributes to the development of many diseases. The body’s fight against reactive oxygen species is supported by antioxidants. Nowadays, there are too many analytical methods, but there is no one universal technique for assessing antioxidant properties. Moreover, the applied different ways of expressing the results lead to their incompatibility and unreasonable interpretation. The paper is a literature review concerning the most frequent ways of antioxidant activities expression and for an easy and universal method of the obtained results discussion. This paper is an attempt to point out their disadvantages and advantages. The manuscript can support the searching interpretation of the obtained results which will be a good tool for the development of a number of fields, especially medicine what can help in the future detection and treatment of many serious diseases. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals Vesicular Formation of Trans-Ferulic Acid: an Efficient Approach to Improve the Radical Scavenging and Antimicrobial Properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anahita Rezaeiroshan ◽  
Majid Saeedi ◽  
Katayoun Morteza-Semnani ◽  
Jafar Akbari ◽  
Akbar Hedayatizadeh-Omran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Production ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Species Production

Abstract Purposes Reactive oxygen species production is harmful to human’s health. The presence of antioxidants in the body may help to diminish reactive oxygen species. Trans-ferulic acid is a good antioxidant, but its low water solubility excludes its utilization. The study aims to explore whether a vesicular drug delivery could be a way to overcome the poor absorption of trans-ferulic acid hence improving its antimicrobial efficiency and antioxidant effect. Methods Niosomal vesicles containing the drug were prepared by film hydration method. The obtained vesicles were investigated in terms of morphology, size, entrapment efficiency, release behavior, cellular cytotoxicity, antioxidant, cellular protection study, and antimicrobial evaluations. Results The optimized niosomal formulation had a particle size of 158.7 nm and entrapment efficiency of 21.64%. The results showed that the optimized formulation containing 25 μM of trans-ferulic acid could enhance the viability of human foreskin fibroblast HFF cell line against reactive oxygen species production. The minimum effective dose of the plain drug and the niosomal formulation against Staphylococcus aurous (ATCC 29213) was 750 µg/mL and 375 µg/mL, respectively, and for Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), it was 750 µg/mL and 187/5 µg/mL, respectively. The formulation could also improve the minimum bactericidal concentration of the drug in Staphylococcus aurous, Escherichia coli, and Acinobacter baumannii (ATCC 19606). Conclusion These results revealed an improvement in both antibacterial and antioxidant effects of the drug in the niosomal formulation.

scholarly journals Determination of Total Phenolic, Tannin, Flavonoid Contents and Evaluation of Antioxidant Property of Amaranthus tricolor (L)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sowjanya Pulipati ◽  
P. Srinivasa Babu ◽  
U. Naveena ◽  
S.K. Rafeeka Parveen ◽  
S.K. Sumaya Nausheen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Amaranthus Tricolor

Free radicals or reactive oxygen species are involved in various pharmacological conditions. As synthetic antioxidants possess numerous adverse health effects, the medicinal plants possessing antioxidant components can be used to prevent harmful effects of reactive oxygen species. In the present study leaves of Amaranthus tricolor Linn were used to prepare chloroform (CEAT), methanolic (MEAT) and aqueous (AEAT) extracts, analyze the presence of phytochemicals and evaluation of in-vitro antioxidant property. Quantitative determination of phenols, tannins and flavonoids in leaves A.tricolor was carried out using spectrophotometric methods. The antioxidant activity was performed by DPPH, p-NDA radical scavenging methods for different extracts of the plant. The plant species showed that methanolic extract (MEAT) on higher concentration possess better antioxidant potential when compared with reference standard ascorbic acid. The plant extracts exhibited strong antioxidant DPPH radical scavenging activity with the IC50 values 290, 657, 830 and 130μg/ml of MEAT, CEAT, AEAT and ASA respectively. In scavenging hydroxyl radical by p-NDA method the MEAT showed maximum activity, CEAT showed moderate and AEAT showed minimum activity. The strongest antioxidant activity of MEAT could be due to the presence of flavonoids and phenols.

In- vitro Antioxidant and Cardio-protective effect of Delonix elata (L.) Leaf extract against Doxorubicin induced toxicity in H9c2 Cardio-myocyte cell line

2021 ◽  
pp. 5635-5641
Author(s):  
Archana V ◽  
Indumathy R
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Oxygen Species

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the protective effect of Delonix elata (L.) leaf extract against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in H9c2 cells. Methods: Doxorubicin has been used to treat cancer, but its clinical uses are limited because of its dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. Reactive oxygen species play an important role in the pathological process of cardiotoxicity. The various extracts (pet.ether, ethyl acetate and ethanol) of Delonix elata leaves antioxidant property was evaluated by SOD antioxidant assay and DPPH free radical scavenging assay. The cells were incubated with different concentrations of various extracts of Delonix elata leaves for 2 hr, followed by incubation with 5µM doxorubicin for 24 hr. Cell viability was determined by using MTT assay, respectively. Results: The various extracts of Delonix elata leaves exhibits antioxidant activity. The Doxorubicin significantly decreased cell viability which was accompanied by an increased ROS production. Pre-treatment with various extracts of Delonix elata leaves increased the viability ofcells and inhibit the generation of reactive oxygen species. Conclusion: In this study, findings how that Delonix elata leaf extract exhibited a protective effect against oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte damage. The ethanolic extract of Delonix elata leaves possesses significant antioxidant and cardioprotective activity.

scholarly journals Application of copper tailings combined with persulfate for better removing methyl orange from wastewater

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (8) ◽  
pp. 1676-1686
Author(s):  
Jinpeng Wang ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Runjuan Zhou ◽  
Jiyuan Li ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Methyl Orange ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Degradation Efficiency ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Copper Tailings ◽  
Intra Particle Diffusion ◽  
Ct Utilization

Abstract In this paper, wasted copper tailings (CT) were used to activate persulfate (PS) to degrade azo dye methyl orange (MO). The results show that a large amount of FeS2 contained in CT can slowly release Fe2+ in the aqueous solution to activate PS to generate reactive oxygen species to degrade MO. When the dosage of CT and PS was 2 g/L and 3 mM respectively, the MO degradation efficiency of 20 mg/L in the CT/PS system was 96.52% within 60 min. At the same time, it is found that CT has a certain adsorption capacity for MO, and the intra-particle diffusion model can well describe the adsorption process of MO by CT. The effects of related reaction parameters (CT dosage, PS dosage, initial MO concentration and solution pH) on MO degradation in CT/PS system were investigated. Compared with the direct addition of an equal amount of Fe2+ as in the CT/PS system, for homogeneous activated PS to degrade MO (Fe2+/PS), the results showed that the degradation efficiency of Fe2+/PS system for MO was lower than that of CT/PS system due to excessive Fe2+ consumption of . By comparing the Fe2+ and Fe3+ concentrations in the two systems, it was found that the CT/PS system could maintain a low Fe2+ concentration during the reaction process, and the Fe2+ released by CT could be used by PS to degrade MO more efficiently. The free radical scavenging experiments showed that the reactive oxygen species in the CT/PS system was mainly . This study not only proposed a new CT utilization approach, but also solved the problem of reduced degradation efficiency of organic pollutants caused by excessive Fe2+ in the Fenton-like reaction.

Overexpression of Triticum durum TdAnn12 gene confers stress tolerance through scavenging reactive oxygen species in transgenic tobacco

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rania Ben Saad ◽  
Marwa Harbaoui ◽  
Walid Ben Romdhane ◽  
Nabil Zouari ◽  
Khong N. Giang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Transgenic Tobacco ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Triticum Durum ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Stress Related Genes ◽  
Triticum Durum Desf

Plant annexins are proteins with multiple functions and roles in plant development and responses to abiotic stresses. We report here the functional analysis of the TdAnn12 annexin protein isolated from Triticum durum Desf. We have previously shown that TdAnn12 expression is highly induced by different abiotic stresses. In the present study, to investigate the physiological and biochemical stress-induced responses, we overexpressed TdAnn12 in tobacco. We demonstrate that transgenic tobacco plants expressing TdAnn12 exhibited enhanced tolerance to salt, osmotic stress and H2O2 at the seedling stage. Under greenhouse conditions, these plants showed tolerance to drought and salt stresses. Moreover, scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), higher chlorophyll content, lower lipid peroxidation levels and increased antioxidant activities (peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase) were observed. Finally, accumulation of TdAnn12 in tobacco positively affects the regulation of some stress-related genes (MnSOD, APX1, CAT1, P5CS, NHX1, SOS1 and DREB1A). TdAnn12 interacts directly or indirectly with stress-related genes that could stimulate an adaptive potential to gain tolerance which is not present in non-transgenic (NT) plants. Our results clearly show that overexpression of TdAnn12 in transgenic tobacco improves stress tolerance through the removal of ROS.

Ugonin K Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis through Reactive Oxygen Species/Apoptosis Signal Pathway in Human Skin Cancer Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 690-693 ◽  
pp. 1422-1425
Author(s):  
Leong Perng Chan ◽  
Tzung Han Chou ◽  
Guey Horng Wang ◽  
Ya Ping Tseng ◽  
Pin Ju Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Hacat Cells ◽  
Oxygen Species

The incidence and mortality of skin cancer continue to rise because of the destruction of the ozonosphere in the earth. Skin cancer is divided into two groups by histological features – nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC) and melanoma. Cutaneous basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of NMSC are almost 75% among human skin malignancy cancer. In the preliminary bioactivity screening, the compound isolated from Helminthostachys zeylanica were evaluated antioxidant activities and interacted individually with serial human cancer cells, results that antioxidant activities of ugonin K were evaluated by measuring DPPH free-radical scavenging activities, and reducing power. Determination the reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and reduced glutathione (GSH) formation in H2O2-treated HaCaT cells by ugonin K. The cytotoxicity results show that ugonin K expressed less toxic to human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) and human skin fibroblasts (Hs68 cells) than BCC cells, suggesting that ugonin K may have potential to be developed effective drugs for skin cancer cells without damaging skin normal cells. After treatment with ugonin K in BCC cells, cell cycle arrested in S-G2/M phase with a markedly increased apoptotic sub-G1 peak, mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) reduced, the expression of p53, Caspase-8, Caspase-9 and Caspase-3 revealed a more significant increased than the untreated control. Expected ugonin K has potential for an effective and specific drug to cancer cell, can minimize the damage to normal cell and provide a better therapeutic method to skin carcinoma.

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