scholarly journals The Phytochemical Analysis of Vinca L. Species Leaf Extracts Is Correlated with the Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Antitumor Effects

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 3040
Author(s):  
Alexandra Ciorîță ◽  
Cezara Zăgrean-Tuza ◽  
Augustin C. Moț ◽  
Rahela Carpa ◽  
Marcel Pârvu
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase Release ◽  
Nitric Oxide Concentration

The phytochemical analysis of Vinca minor, V. herbacea, V. major, and V. major var. variegata leaf extracts showed species-dependent antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxic effects correlated with the identified phytoconstituents. Vincamine was present in V. minor, V. major, and V. major var. variegata, while V. minor had the richest alkaloid content, followed by V. herbacea. V. major var. variegata was richest in flavonoids and the highest total phenolic content was found in V. herbacea which also had elevated levels of rutin. Consequently, V. herbacea had the highest antioxidant activity followed by V. major var. variegata. Whereas, the lowest one was of V. major. The V. minor extract showed the most efficient inhibitory effect against both Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli. On the other hand, V. herbacea had a good anti-bacterial potential only against S. aureus, which was most affected at morphological levels, as indicated by scanning electron microscopy. The Vinca extracts acted in a dose-depended manner against HaCaT keratinocytes and A375 melanoma cells and moreover, with effects on the ultrastructure, nitric oxide concentration, and lactate dehydrogenase release. Therefore, the Vinca species could be exploited further for the development of alternative treatments in bacterial infections or as anticancer adjuvants.

scholarly journals Flavone-Rich Fractions and Extracts from Oroxylum indicum and Their Antibacterial Activities against Clinically Isolated Zoonotic Bacteria and Free Radical Scavenging Effects

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1773
Author(s):  
Patchima Sithisarn ◽  
Piyanuch Rojsanga ◽  
Pongtip Sithisarn
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Young Fruit ◽  
Oroxylum Indicum ◽  
Zoonotic Bacteria

Oroxylum indicum extracts from the seeds collected from Lampang and Pattani provinces in Thailand, and young fruits and flowers exhibited in vitro display antioxidant and antibacterial activities against clinically isolated zoonotic bacteria including Staphylococcus intermedius, Streptococcus suis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, β-hemolytic Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The orange crystals and yellow precipitates were obtained from the preparation processes of the seed extracts. The orange-red crystals from the seeds collected from Lampang province exhibited strong in vitro 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging effects (EC50 value = 25.99 ± 3.30 μg/mL) and antibacterial effects on S. intermedius and β-hemolytic E. coli while the yellow precipitate from the same source exhibited only antioxidant activity. Quantitative analysis of phytochemicals in O. indicum samples by spectrophotometric and HPLC techniques showed that they contained different amounts of total phenolic, total flavonoid and three major flavones; baicalin, baicalein and chrysin contents. Young fruit extract, which contained low amounts of flavone contents, still promoted antibacterial effects against the tested bacteria with IC50 values lower than 1 mg/mL and MIC values between 4 to 10 mg/mL in S. intermedius, S. aureus and S suis while higher IC50 and MIC values against P. aeruginosa and β-hemolytic E. coli were found. From scanning electron microscopy, the extract of the young fruit of O. indicum promoted morphological changes in the bacterial cells by disrupting the bacterial cell walls, inducing leakage of the cellular content, and generating the abnormal accumulation of cells. The mechanism of action of the extract for this antibacterial effect may be the disruption of the cell membrane and abnormal cell aggregations. Regression analysis of the results suggests the correlation between total phenolic and total flavonoid contents and antioxidant and antibacterial effects. Baicalin was found to have a high correlation with an inhibitory effect against β-hemolytic E. coli while three unidentified peaks, which could be flavones, showed high correlations with an inhibitory effect against S. intermedius, S. suis, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY ON ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF TULSI (OCIMUM SANCTUM) AND NEEM (AZADIRACHTA INDICA) METHANOL EXTRACT

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 514
Author(s):  
Vipul Kumar ◽  
Anurag Chakraborty ◽  
Manpreet Kaur ◽  
Sony Pandey ◽  
Manoj Kumar Jena
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Neem Extract ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria

Objective: This study was focused on to compare the antimicrobial activity of methanolic leaf extracts of tulsi and neem.Methods: We have chosen tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) and neem (Azadirachta indica) to compare their antimicrobial activity toward Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria. Phytochemical extracts have been made by the use of methanol as solvent and dried leaf powder by the cold maceration extraction process. Phytochemical analysis for some secondary metabolites has been done using standard protocols. Nutrient agar plates were inoculated with the above-mentioned microorganisms by spreading bacterial inoculum on the surface of the media. Wells (6 mm in diameter) were punched in the agar. The phytochemical extracts of neem and tulsi were allowed to diffuse into the medium, and after incubation of 24 h at 37°C, the zones of inhibition were observed.Results: Statistical analysis showed that tulsi was more effective toward S. aureus while neem was more effective toward E. coli. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of tulsi for both the microorganisms was 0.4 g/ml, and the MIC of neem for both the microorganisms was 0.2 g/ml. When both the tulsi and neem extract were mixed with each other for every concentration at equal volume, they have shown better effects in comparison to individual neem or tulsi extract and also the MIC got reduced to 0.2 g/ml for both the bacteria.Conclusions: Leaf extracts of both the A. indica and O. sanctum have shown antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aureus. A. indica has higher antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, whereas the O. sanctum was found to be more effective against E. coli (indicated by the zone of inhibition). When both the extracts were mixed with each other, they have shown a better effect toward both bacteria.

scholarly journals Biologic Propensities and Phytochemical Profile ofVangueria madagascariensisJ. F. Gmelin (Rubiaceae): An Underutilized Native Medicinal Food Plant from Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelvana Ramalingum ◽  
M. Fawzi Mahomoodally
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Unripe Fruit ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Medicinal Food ◽  
Phytochemical Profile

Vangueria madagascariensis(VM), consumed for its sweet-sour fruits, is used as a biomedicine for the management of diabetes and bacterial infections in Africa. The study aims to assess the potential of VM onα-amylase,α-glucosidase, glucose movement, and antimicrobial activity. The antioxidant properties were determined by measuring the FRAP, iron chelating activity, and abilities to scavenge DPPH, HOCl,∙OH, and NO radicals. Leaf decoction, leaf methanol, and unripe fruit methanol extracts were observed to significantly inhibitα-amylase. Active extracts againstα-glucosidase were unripe fruit methanol, unripe fruit decoction, leaf decoction, and ripe fruit methanol, which were significantly lower than acarbose. Kinetic studies revealed a mixed noncompetitive type of inhibition. Leaf methanolic extract was active againstS. aureusandE. coli. Total phenolic content showed a strong significant positive correlation (r=0.88) with FRAP. Methanolic leaf extract showed a more efficient NO scavenging potential and was significantly lower than ascorbic acid. Concerning∙OH-mediated DNA degradation, only the methanol extracts of leaf, unripe fruit, and ripe fruit had IC50values which were significantly lower thanα-tocopherol. Given the dearth of information on the biologic propensities of VM, this study has established valuable primary information which has opened new perspectives for further pharmacological research.

scholarly journals In-vitro Antioxidant Activity and Preliminary Phytochemical Analysis of Different Leaf Extracts of Hemionitis arifolia

2021 ◽  
pp. 281-291
Author(s):  
Rajendran Raja Priya ◽  
N. Bhadusha ◽  
Veramuthu Manivannan ◽  
Thanthoni Gunasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Reducing Power Assay

Objective: To evaluate the preliminary phytochemical content and antioxidant potential of the hydroalcoholic leaf extracts of Hemionitis arifolia. Methods: Total phenolic, flavonoid and alkaloid contents were evaluated using spectrophotometric methods. The free radical scavenging activity of the leaf hydroalcoholic extract were evaluated against DPPH+, ABTS+, Reducing power assay and nitric oxide assay were determined. Results: The hydroalcoholic concentrate of H. arifolia uncovered the most elevated polyphenol content when contrasted and the other phytoconstituents. Absolute phenol content of the hydroalcoholic separate was observed to be 31.78%, flavonoid content is 1.02% and Alkaloid content is 30.40% individually. The Solvent concentrates showed huge cell reinforcement movement, with hydroalcoholic extract. ABTS Assay, DPPH assay, Reducing power assay and Nitric oxide assay where the Inhibition concentration were 667.75µg/ml, 734.25 µg/ml, 791.58 µg/ml and 899.67 µg/ml. Conclusion: This study suggests that hydroalcoholic leaf extracts of H. arifolia could be a potential source of natural antioxidant and justifies its use in ethno-medicine.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF LEAF EXTRACTS OF CARICA PAPAYA

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
NANDINI G ◽  
GOPENATH TS ◽  
NAGALAMBIKA PRASAD ◽  
MURUGESAN KARTHIKEYAN ◽  
ASHOK GNANASEKARAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Isolation And Purification ◽  
Chain Reactions ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

Objective: The objective of the present study aimed at investigating the phytochemical and antioxidant properties of Carica papaya leaf extracts. Methods: As phytochemicals are biologically active compounds and a powerful group of plant chemicals, believed to stimulate the immune system along with antioxidants, the molecules which hinder oxidation of other molecules by the process of inhibiting or by generating the oxidizing chain reactions and preventing diseases. The total phenolic content (TPC) was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method and total flavonoid contents (TFC) were determined aluminum chloride method and antioxidant by 2,2,1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method. Results: The results of phytochemical screening revealed the presence of bioactive compounds such as alkaloid, carbohydrates, and amino acids and TPC and TFC varied among the different solvent extracts, in which methanolic extracts showed highest amount of phytochemicals and TPC and TFC and antioxidants compared to other solvents. Conclusion: The isolation and purification of specific bioactive compound may account as natural and promising medicines in exploration of new drug.

scholarly journals α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Phenolic Rich Extracts Obtained from the Seeds of Melastoma saigonense (Kuntze) Merr.

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 2964-2968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nutthamon Prajudtasri ◽  
Mongkol Nontakitticharoen ◽  
Sujint Anguravirutt
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Antidiabetic Agent ◽  
Seed Extracts

The aim of this study was to perform a phytochemical analysis of Melastoma saigonense seed extracts and to determine their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The extracts from seeds of M. saigonense indicated that the total phenolic content was in the range between 233.46 and 967.22 mg GAE/g DE, whereas the flavonoids content was in the range between 359.96 and 850.84 mg QE/g DE. The present study of antidiabetic inhibitory activity by in vitro α-glucosidase revealed that the crude extracts using ethyl acetate (EA), butanol (BU) and final aqueous residue extracts (AQ) exhibited a strong α-glucosidase inhibitory effect (IC50 4.42-11.95 μg/mL). The ethyl acetate and butanol extracts of seeds of Melastoma saigonense (Kuntze) Merr. were further fractionated by silica gel column chromatography into four fractions (EAF1−EAF4) and five fractions (BUF1−BUF5), respectively and their bioactivities were investigated. The nine fractions exhibited significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (p < 0.05) with an IC50 between 3.42-34.77 μg/mL which is less than the IC50 for standard acarbose (IC50 = 507.26 μg/mL). Among all the fractions, BUF1 and EAF1 exhibited high inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase with BUF1 showing the highest inhibitory activity (IC50 = 3.42 μg/mL). The dominant phenolic acids were sinapic, gallic, ferrulic, syringic, gallic and caffeic acids and the prominent flavonoids were myricetin and quercetin. These findings suggest that the seeds of M. saigonense have potential as a source of antidiabetic agent (s).

scholarly journals Cytotoxic Activity of Christia vespertilionis Root and Leaf Extracts and Fractions against Breast Cancer Cell Lines

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 2610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Jinling Lee ◽  
Latifah Saiful Yazan ◽  
Nur Kartinee Kassim ◽  
Che Azurahanim Che Abdullah ◽  
Nurulaidah Esa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Breast Carcinoma Cell Lines

Christia vespertilionis, commonly known as ‘Daun Rerama’, has recently garnered attention from numerous sources in Malaysia as an alternative treatment. Its herbal decoction was believed to show anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects. The present study investigated the cytotoxicity of the extract of root and leaf of C. vespertilionis. The plant parts were successively extracted using the solvent maceration method. The most active extract was further fractionated to afford F1–F8. The cytotoxic effects were determined using MTT assay against human breast carcinoma cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231). The total phenolic content (TPC) of the extracts were determined. The antioxidant properties of the extract were also studied using DPPH and β-carotene bleaching assays. The ethyl acetate root extract demonstrated selective cytotoxicity especially against MDA-MB-231 with the highest TPC and antioxidant properties compared to others (p < 0.05). The TPC and antioxidant results suggest the contribution of phenolic compounds toward its antioxidant strength leading to significant cytotoxicity. F3 showed potent cytotoxic effects while F4 showed better antioxidative strength compared to others (p < 0.05). Qualitative phytochemical screening of the most active fraction, F3, suggested the presence of flavonoids, coumarins and quinones to be responsible toward the cytotoxicity. The study showed the root extracts of C. vespertilionis to possess notable anti-breast cancer effects.

scholarly journals Total Phenolic, Flavonoid, Tomatine, and Tomatidine Contents and Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Extracts of Tomato Plant

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norma Patricia Silva-Beltrán ◽  
Saul Ruiz-Cruz ◽  
Luis Alberto Cira-Chávez ◽  
María Isabel Estrada-Alvarado ◽  
José de Jesús Ornelas-Paz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Plant ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Listeria Ivanovii ◽  
Whole Plant

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of extracts of different fractions of two tomato plant cultivars. The stems, roots, leaves, and whole-plant fractions were evaluated. Tomatine and tomatidine were identified by HPLC-DAD. The leaf extracts from the two varieties showed the highest flavonoids, chlorophyll, carotenoids, and total phenolics contents and the highest antioxidant activity determined by DPPH, ABTS, and ORAC. A positive correlation was observed between the antioxidant capacities of the extracts and the total phenolic, flavonoid, and chlorophyll contents. The Pitenza variety extracts inhibited the growth of pathogens such asE. coliO157:H7,SalmonellaTyphimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, andListeria ivanovii, yielding inhibition halos of 8.0 to 12.9 mm in diameter and MIC values of 12.5 to 3.125 mg/mL. These results suggest that tomato plant shows well potential as sources of various bioactive compounds, antioxidants, and antimicrobials.

scholarly journals Total Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Properties of Algerian Arbutus unedo L. Extracts

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-s) ◽  
pp. 159-168
Author(s):  
Saliha Laouicha ◽  
Abderrahmane Senator ◽  
Abdallah Kherbache ◽  
Hamama Bouriche
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Arbutus Unedo ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Ic50 Values

Arbutus unedo L. is a plant widely distributed in the Mediterranean basin and North Africa, frequently used in traditional folk medicine to treat diabetes and arterial hypertension. This study aims to evaluate the phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate (EA.E) and n-butanolic (But.E) extracts prepared from leaves of Arbutus unedo. Total phenolic and flavonoids contents were determined spectrophotometrically. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH•, OH•, H2O2, O•-2, ß-carotene bleaching and AAPH-induced erythrocyte oxidative hemolysis assays. The phytochemical analysis showed the presence of polyphenols and flavonoids in both extracts. The high amount was observed in EA.E which exerted the stronger antioxidant effect, with IC50 values of 3.43 μg/mL, 323.45 µg/mL, 38.40 µg/mL and 11.56 µg/mL, in DPPH•, OH•, O•-2 and H2O2 tests, respectively. Both extracts inhibited β-carotene bleaching, but EA.E is always more potent (92%) than But.E (85%). Furthermore, the EA.E showed the highest protective effect on erythrocyte hemolysis induced by AAPH, with half time hemolysis (HT50) of 122.02 min at 40 µg/mL. Taken together, this study showed that Arbutus unedo leaf extracts possess strong antioxidant potential, which may be attributed to the presence of a high amount of polyphenolic constituents. So, this plant might be exploited as a potential source of natural antioxidant agents for pharmaceutical and food applications. Keywords: oxidative stress, antioxidant, phenolic compounds, Arbutus unedo.

scholarly journals Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of extract from lantana camara l. leaves

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bondy Lourenço ◽  
Asimbawe Kiza ◽  
Abrão Amândio João ◽  
Clemência Félix Odala Niconte ◽  
Pompílio Armando Vintuar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
New Antibiotics

Abstract Background: Currently, several studies are being conducted to test antibacterial activity of various medicinal plants, in attempt to develop new antibiotics or to potentiate the action of antibiotics of known clinical use. In this research, phytochemical analysis and in vitro antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of Lantana camara L were performed.Methods The extracts were obtained through maceration with 90% ethanol. In phytochemical analysis, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and saponins were identified using specific reagents for each class.The antibacterial activity was analyzed using the disk diffusion method according to Kirby-Bauer, against Escherichia coli and Staphylococus aureus.Key findings The diameters of the inhibition halos varied between 0.7 and 12 mm, with an average of 8.26 mm for strains of S. aureus and there was no inhibition for E. coli. The results showed a significant difference between the inhibition halos and the tested concentrations for S. aureus. In conclusion L. camara leaf extracts are rich in bioactive compounds and have a good antibacterial potential against S. aureus and not for E. coli. And there was no relationship between the concentration of the extract and the diameter of the halo of inhibition of the evaluated microorganism.

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