Industrial Masonry Chimney Geometry Analysis: A Total Station Based Evaluation of the Unmanned Aerial System Photogrammetry Approach

High industrial chimney inclination monitoring and analysis is crucial from a stability point of view because, if not maintained, it can pose a great potential hazard for its surroundings. Various modern approaches of chimneys’ geometrical parameters determination have been proposed and are actively in use. However, little research regarding the applicability of the unmanned aerial system (UAS)-based photogrammetric approach of chimney structural monitoring has been conducted and a comprehensive analysis with validated methods is lacking. Therefore, this research is focused on the determination of geometrical structural parameters of a masonry chimney whereby two independent methods have been applied. Reference values of the chimney geometrical parameters have been determined by precise total station (TS) measurements and, in relation to them, the applicability of the UAS-based photogrammetric approach is evaluated. Methodologically, the reference and validation values of the chimney geometrical parameters have been determined based on double modeling of the chimney structure. Firstly, cross-sectional elliptical regression has been applied to determine the geometrical values of the chimney at predefined above-ground levels (AGLs). Secondly, the spatial chimney axis has been derived by polynomial regression to determine the inclination of the full chimney structure. Lastly, the structural stability of the chimney is validated based on its axis inclination whereby permitted deviations are determined according to the European Standard EN 1996-1-1:2005. Experimental results of our research show that consistently better results are gained by TS-based surveys and, although the determination of the chimney’s geometrical values by the UAS-based approach is certainly possible, great attention must be given to the accuracy of the UAS-generated point cloud (PC) if high accuracy results are needed.

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Fetal Abdominal Circumference Growth in Bangladeshi Population

Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons ◽

10.3329/jbcps.v26i3.4195 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 124-127 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sabrina Q Rashid

Keyword(s):

Fetal Growth ◽

Polynomial Regression ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Abdominal Circumference ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Standard Deviations ◽

Polynomial Regression Models ◽

Bangladeshi Population ◽

Singleton Pregnancies

Objective: Fetal abdominal circumference is the single most important parameter for determining fetal growth. Determination of fetal growth abnormalities will be more accurate if we use tables prepared on our own population. A nomogram of fetal abdominal circumference in Bangladeshi population is therefore presented in this study. Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted on well dated, singleton pregnancies. A table and a graph were prepared after fitting Polynomial regression models. Results: Fetal charts were constructed from1223 subjects. 3rd, 10th, 50th, 90th and 97th percentiles, mean and standard deviations were derived. The models showed good fit to the data. There was a gradual increase of the abdominal circumference measurements up to 37th week. Standard deviations showed increased variability as the pregnancy advanced. In the early second trimester Bangladeshi, Indian, and western measurements were similar but as pregnancy advanced there was variation between different races especially from the western. Conclusion: These findings suggest that this chart is unique for Bangladeshi population and can be useful for accurate assessment of fetal growth, especially in the 3rd trimester.Key words: abdominal circumference, fetal growth, Bangladesh. DOI: 10.3329/jbcps.v26i3.4195 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2008; 26: 124-127

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The comparison of deciduous teeth eruption pattern in small gestational age (SGA) and appropriate gestational age (AGA) children

Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.24198/pjd.vol22no2.26850 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Irawati Kirana ◽

Roosje Rosita Oewen ◽

Williyanti Soewondo

Keyword(s):

Gestational Age ◽

First Trimester ◽

Point Of View ◽

Deciduous Teeth ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Intrauterine Growth ◽

First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

The Given

Introduction: Small Gestational Age (SGA) children is defined as infant whose birth’s weight was below the tenth percentile intrauterine growth and development curve of Lubchenco. There are two types of SGA children, namely symmetrycal SGA (the disturbance occurred in the first trimester of pregnancy) and asymmetrical SGA (the disturbance occured in second and third trimesters of pregnancy). The aim of this research was to obtain the deciduous teeth eruption patterns in symmetrical and asymmetrical of SGA children, based on baby teeth that have erupted the eruption of primary teeth. Methods: The research design was descriptive and analytical, with cross-sectional design and using the given sample size. The sample were 28 SGA children aged 1-4 years and 33 Appropriate Gestational Age (AGA) children. Determination of SGA children based on Ponderal Index. Eruptive stage was determined by Nola Modification Scoring by the score between 0-4. (Score (0) for tooth that have not erupted; (1) tooth emerge, (2) ⅓ crown erupted tooth, (3) ½ crown erupted tooth, (4) full crown tooth. Results: The results showed, that there were differences in the pattern of deciduous teeth eruption based on teeth eruption stages that have been erupted. Eruption pattern of SGA children deciduous teeth were slower than the eruption pattern of AGA children deciduous teeth. Conclusion: Different patterns of deciduous teeth eruption in symmetrical SGA children and asymmetrical SGA children were showed. Viewed from the stand point of view the stage of teeth eruption, the deciduous teeth eruption pattern of symmetrical SGA children was slower than the asymmetrical SGA children.

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Determination of Inductance of Vehicle Electromagnet in Magnetic Levitation Transprort System

Transportation systems and technology ◽

10.17816/transsyst20173475-88 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 75-88

Author(s):

Gennady E Sereda ◽

Vladimir M Strepetov

Keyword(s):

Approximate Formula ◽

Magnetic Levitation ◽

Practical Importance ◽

Skin Layer ◽

Minimum Size ◽

Geometrical Parameters ◽

Elementary Functions ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Analytic Expressions

Objective. Of the work consists in receiving new analytic expressions for determination of inductance of vehicular electromagnets of transport levitation systems. Methods. The key feature of calculation model of onboard coils in accordance with their inductance on the example of squared electromagnets lies an assumption about a smallness of the size «heights» in comparison with its other geometrical sizes. There is also an assumption that thickness of a skin layer of the conductor significantly surpasses cross sectional size of the wire making the coil. The single-turn coil is considered, inductance of an actual electromagnet is accepted proportional to a square of the number of turns. When calculating inductance the dimensionless quantities are used. As an absolute, a quarter of perimeter of the coil on the centerline is chosen. The condition of obtaining the approximate formula for calculation of inductance of the flat rectangular coil is the small thickness of a winding in comparison with the geometrical sizes of the coil. Results. Accurate analytical expression for inductance of a «thin» source of squareshaped magnetic field as the algebraic sum of elementary functions has been received. Results of a numerical analysis show dependence of the relative inductance of the square-shaped flat coil on thickness relation to its minimum size. Influence of «elongation» of the coil (relation of length to width) is investigated. It is noted that inductance decreases with decrease of «elongation», and also with increase in the relation of thickness to the minimum size. Practical importance. The approximate formula for calculation of value of inductance has been obtained. Its uncertainty does not exceed 14 % in the areas of changes of all geometrical parameters of an electromagnet is output. Borders of practical application of the received analytic expressions at the accepted assumptions have been set. The received expressions are fairly simple structurally and are easily programmed

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A Linear Structural Equation Approach to Cross-Sectional Models with Lagged Variables

Environment and Planning A Economy and Space ◽

10.1068/a131529 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 1529-1537 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

H Folmer ◽

G A van der Knaap

Keyword(s):

Latent Variables ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Structural Model ◽

Measurement Model ◽

Point Of View ◽

Equation Approach ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Statistical Point ◽

The Relationship

Lagged variables play an important role in cross-sectional models in geography and regional sciences. This paper starts with an overview of the situations in which they may be required. Lagged variables also pose serious problems from a statistical point of view: multicollinearity and the determination of the length of the lag. Some common approaches to these two problems are discussed and evaluated. As an alternative a linear structural equation approach is presented, where the lagged variables are compressed to latent variables in a measurement model. The relationship between the lagged variables, thus compressed, and the dependent variable is expressed in the structural model. Both the measurement model and the structural model are estimated simultaneously. The paper ends with an application. A model of urban immigration for the thirty-three largest Dutch cities is estimated.

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Features of Manufacturing Spiral Corrugated Blanks From Various Profiles of Corrugations

Podilian Bulletin: Agriculture, Engineering, Economics ◽

10.37406/2706-9052-2018-2-7 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 54-61

Author(s):

А.P. Dragan ◽

О.V. Flionts ◽

М.І. Klendiy ◽

R.М. Kotyk ◽

І.І. Semeniv

Keyword(s):

Structural Parameters ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Successful Implementation ◽

Technological Parameters ◽

Cylindrical Gear ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Existing Structures ◽

Leading Role ◽

Pharmaceutical Industries

The leading role in the field of using spiral mechanisms plays the design and manufacture of corrugated spiral working bodies, which are widely used in mixers, heat exchangers, machines for borontation of free abrasives, in the confectionery and pharmaceutical industries, etc. Increasing the requirements to the design and technological parameters, quality, reliability and durability, enhanced technological capabilities require deep analysis of existing structures and technologies of their production and the development of scientific research on theoretical and experimental studies and their successful implementation in production. The paper focuses on the development and implementation of new advanced technological processes of spiral corrugated and ring blanks. The results of theoretical and experimental research were based on the development and analysis of technological schemes for the formation of screw corrugated blanks in order to improve the mixing of bulk materials. The functional and structural and technological features of spiral corrugated blanks manufacture and the designing of the appropriate technological equipment and facilities with the withdrawal of the analytical dependences for determination of treatment regimes. The analytical dependences for determination of power and structural parameters of technological process of bending blanks between two cylindrical gear cross-sectional toothed wheels. Characteristics curves of spiral corrugated blanks on the basis of width and thickness of the lines and the workpiece step of 1 ... 3 mm thickness and with 15 ... 25….30 mm width are given in the paper. The results of the experiment show that labor productivity will increase by 20-30% in manufacturing, 2-3 times in control operations

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Gender determination of caucasoid hair using image analysis

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100146928 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 51 ◽

pp. 216-217

Author(s):

T.B. Ball ◽

W.M. Hess

Keyword(s):

Image Analysis ◽

Cross Sections ◽

Scalp Hair ◽

The Body ◽

Equivalent Diameter ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hair Samples ◽

Length Width ◽

Morphological Differences

It has been demonstrated that cross sections of bundles of hair can be effectively studied using image analysis. These studies can help to elucidate morphological differences of hair from one region of the body to another. The purpose of the present investigation was to use image analysis to determine whether morphological differences could be demonstrated between male and female human Caucasian terminal scalp hair.Hair samples were taken from the back of the head from 18 caucasoid males and 13 caucasoid females (Figs. 1-2). Bundles of 50 hairs were processed for cross-sectional examination and then analyzed using Prism Image Analysis software on a Macintosh llci computer. Twenty morphological parameters of size and shape were evaluated for each hair cross-section. The size parameters evaluated were area, convex area, perimeter, convex perimeter, length, breadth, fiber length, width, equivalent diameter, and inscribed radius. The shape parameters considered were formfactor, roundness, convexity, solidity, compactness, aspect ratio, elongation, curl, and fractal dimension.

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Profil Penyakit Malaria Di Rumah Sakit Islam Siti Rahmah Padang Tahun 2018

Health & Medical Journal ◽

10.33854/heme.v2i2.546 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 08-15

Author(s):

Rahma Triyana ◽

Salmi Salmi

Keyword(s):

Observational Study ◽

Frequency Distribution ◽

Cross Section ◽

Laboratory Tests ◽

Age Group ◽

Normal Range ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

West Sumatra ◽

Severity Of The Disease

Malaria is one of the health problems in Indonesia, especially West Sumatra. Determination of the description of Malaria disease in an area is needed to determine the spread and severity of the disease. This study aims to determine the frequency distribution according to age, sex and place of residence, description of the types of Plasmodium causes of Malaria and hematological features in Malaria patients at Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018. This type of research is a descriptive observational study with an approach or design cross section (cross sectional). The frequency distribution of Malaria sufferers in Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018 according to the highest age was in the age group 21-30 years as many as 28 cases (36.8%), the highest sex among men was 46 (60.5%) and the highest number of residences was found in Koto Tangah sub-district there were 31 cases (40.8%). The type of Plasmodium found in Malaria cases in Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018 was P. vivax (73 cases (96.05%)) and P. falciparum (3 cases (3.95%)). The results of laboratory tests on Hb, hematocrit, platelet and leukocyte levels in Malaria positive patients in Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018 were in the normal range.

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Profil Penyakit Malaria di Rumah Sakit Islam Siti Rahmah Padang Tahun 2018

Health & Medical Journal ◽

10.33854/heme.v2i2.452 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 08-15

Author(s):

Rahma Triyana Y ◽

Salmi Salmi

Keyword(s):

Observational Study ◽

Frequency Distribution ◽

Cross Section ◽

Laboratory Tests ◽

Age Group ◽

Normal Range ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

West Sumatra ◽

Severity Of The Disease

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DETERMINATION OF THE FUNCTION OF THE ROD’S CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA USING VIBRATION EIGENFREQUENCIES

Izvestia Ufimskogo Nauchnogo Tsentra RAN ◽

10.31040/2222-8349-2020-0-4-19-24 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (4) ◽

pp. 19-24

Author(s):

I.M. UTYASHEV ◽

◽

A.A. AITBAEVA ◽

A.A. YULMUKHAMETOV ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Area ◽

Variable Cross ◽

Sectional Area ◽

Longitudinal Vibrations ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Method Error ◽

Various Boundary Conditions ◽

Elastic Fixation ◽

Crosssectional Area

The paper presents solutions to the direct and inverse problems on longitudinal vibrations of a rod with a variable cross-sectional area. The law of variation of the cross-sectional area is modeled as an exponential function of a polynomial of degree n . The method for reconstructing this function is based on representing the fundamental system of solutions of the direct problem in the form of a Maclaurin series in the variables x and λ. Examples of solutions for various section functions and various boundary conditions are given. It is shown that to recover n unknown coefficients of a polynomial, n eigenvalues are required, and the solution is dual. An unambiguous solution was obtained only for the case of elastic fixation at one of the rod’s ends. The numerical estimation of the method error was made using input data noise. It is shown that the error in finding the variable crosssectional area is less than 1% with the error in the eigenvalues of longitudinal vibrations not exceeding 0.0001.

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Circulating bioactive sclerostin levels in an Austrian population-based cohort

Wiener klinische Wochenschrift ◽

10.1007/s00508-021-01815-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Katharina Kerschan-Schindl ◽

Ursula Föger-Samwald ◽

Andreas Gleiss ◽

Stefan Kudlacek ◽

Jacqueline Wallwitz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Serum Levels ◽

Population Based ◽

Negative Regulator ◽

Total Serum ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Robust Parameter ◽

Austrian Population ◽

Different Levels

Summary Background Circulating serum sclerostin levels are supposed to give a good estimation of the levels of this negative regulator of bone mass within bone. Most studies evaluating total serum sclerostin found different levels in males compared to females and in older compared to younger subjects. Besides an ELISA detecting total sclerostin an ELISA determining bioactive sclerostin has been developed. The aim of this study was to investigate serum levels of bioactive sclerostin in an Austrian population-based cohort. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional observational study in 235 healthy subjects. Using the bioactive ELISA assay (Biomedica) bioactive sclerostin levels were evaluated. Results Serum levels of bioactive sclerostin were higher in men than in women (24%). The levels correlated positively with age (r = 0.47). A positive correlation could also be detected with body mass index and bone mineral density. Conclusion Using the ELISA detecting bioactive sclerostin our results are consistent with data in the literature obtained by different sclerostin assays. The determination of sclerostin concentrations in peripheral blood thus appears to be a robust parameter of bone metabolism.

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