The state of the intestinal microbiota and antimicrobial protection: obtaining and analyzing information

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
O.A. Gizinger
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Antimicrobial Protection ◽  
On Line ◽  
Modern Knowledge ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
Indigenous Microflora

Despite significant progress in the study of the qualitative and quantitative composition of microflora, there are many controversial issues related not only to diagnosis, but also to the treatment of dysbiotic disorders of the intestine. Dysbiotic disorders, characterized by a decrease in the qualitative and quantitative indicators of obligate and facultative microflora, can have a negative impact on human health. The doctor’s task is to restore the microbiocenosis of the gastrointestinal tract and the density of colonization of indigenous microflora, taking into account modern knowledge on this problem, presented in on-line training seminars.

scholarly journals Influence of treatment of tobacco leaves with microwave radiation on quality indicators and quantitative composition of raw tobacco raw materials

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
L. P. Pestova ◽  
E. I. Vinevsky ◽  
A. V. Chernov
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Radiation ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Tobacco Leaves ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Drying Technology ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

Technologies for obtaining expanded tobacco have been developed, which make it possible to increase the volume of tobacco leaves up to 50% and reduce the consumption of tobacco raw materials in the manufacture of smoking articles by up to 30%. However, they have a number of disadvantages, the main one being a decrease in the tasting evaluation of raw materials. The subject of the research is to determine the effect of microwave radiation when processing freshly harvested tobacco leaves on improving the qualitative and quantitative indicators of tobacco raw materials. The object of the research is freshly harvested leaves of three botanical varieties of tobacco grown at the experimental site of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «All-Russian Research Institute of tobacco, makhorka and tobacco products», harvested in the condition of technical maturity. The purpose of the research is to study the effect of microwave- radiation treatment of tobacco leaves during their post-harvest processing on the possibility of obtaining expanded tobacco and on the qualitative and quantitative composition of raw tobacco. The following has been established: the obtained raw tobacco in terms of dimensional characteristics is similar to expanded tobacco obtained under factory conditions; carbohydrate-protein ratio (Shmuk’s number) in comparison with the control on has increased 2,5–4,5 times, and the nicotine content has decreased 1,3–1,4 times; the conventional consumption of raw tobacco for the manufacture of cigarettes is reduced by 8 ... 17% in comparison with the control one, depending on the drying technology. The results of the studies have revealed the positive effect of microwave radiation when processing freshly harvested tobacco leaves on the improvement of the qualitative and quantitative indicators of raw tobacco.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychosocial condition of students in Poland and Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Długosz ◽  
Yana
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Psychosocial Condition ◽  
On Line ◽  
Line Survey ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Emotional Condition ◽  
Double Measurement

The article presents the results of research on psychosocial condition among Polish and Ukrainian students during the quarantine. The aim of the research was to verify the impact of the pandemic and its accompanying phenomena on the well-being of youth. In order to achieve this goal, the CAWI on-line survey method with double measurement was used. The first measurement carried out at the beginning of the quarantine resulted in 3659 filled out surveys in Poland and 739 in Ukraine. The second measurement conducted at the end of distance learning brought 1978 filled out surveys in Poland and 411 in Ukraine. The results of research indicate that the quarantine had a negative impact on the psychosocial condition of youth. The deterioration of emotional condition and the increase in mental disorders has been observed. Due to the pandemic and distance learning, the mental health of youth deteriorated significantly. Polish youth were negatively influenced by the pandemic to a greater extent than young Ukrainians.

scholarly journals Anti-oxidative and antimicrobial activities of Hieracium pilosella L. extracts

2008 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 531-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Stanojevic ◽  
Mihajlo Stankovic ◽  
Vesna Nikolic ◽  
Ljubisa Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Scavenging Effect ◽  
Hieracium Pilosella ◽  
Radical Scavenging Effect

The anti-oxidative and antimicrobial activities of different extracts from Hieracium pilosella L. (Asteraceae) whole plant were investigated. The total dry extracts were determined for all the investigated solvents: methanol, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and dichloromethane: methanol (9:1). It was found that the highest yield was obtained by extraction with methanol (12.9 g/100 g of dry plant material). Qualitative and quantitative analysis were performed by the HPLC method, using external standards. Chlorogenic acid, apigenin-7-O-glucoside and umbelliferone were detected in the highest quantity in the extracts. The qualitative and quantitative composition of the extracts depends on the solvent used. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging effect of the extracts was determined spectrophotometrically. The highest radical scavenging effect was observed in the methanolic extract, both with and without incubation, EC50 = 0.012 and EC50 = 0.015 mg ml-1, respectively. The antimicrobial activities of the extracts towards the bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella enteritidis and Klebsiella pneumoniae) and the fungi (Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans) were determined by the disc diffusion method. The minimal inhibitory concentrations were determined for all the investigated extracts against all the mentioned microorganisms.

scholarly journals Chemistry and Biology of Essential Oils of GenusBoswellia

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidayat Hussain ◽  
Ahmed Al-Harrasi ◽  
Ahmed Al-Rawahi ◽  
Javid Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Volatile Constituents ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Explicit Consideration

The properties ofBoswelliaplants have been exploited for millennia in the traditional medicines of Africa, China, and especially in the Indian Ayurveda. In Western countries, the advent of synthetic drugs has obscured the pharmaceutical use ofBoswellia, until it was reported that an ethanolic extract exerts anti-inflammatory and antiarthritic effects. Frankincense was commonly used for medicinal purposes. This paper aims to provide an overview of current knowledge of the volatile constituents of frankincense, with explicit consideration concerning the diverseBoswelliaspecies. Altogether, more than 340 volatiles inBoswelliahave been reported in the literature. In particular, a broad diversity has been found in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the volatiles with respect to different varieties ofBoswellia. A detailed discussion of the various biological activities ofBoswelliafrankincense is also presented.

The control of the qualitative and quantitative composi-tion of vitamins and tocopherols of various types of vegetable oils

2021 ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
Александр Николаевич Остриков ◽  
Наталья Леонидовна Клейменова ◽  
Инэсса Николаевна Болгова ◽  
Максим Васильевич Копылов ◽  
Екатерина Юрьевна Желтоухова
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
The Body ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Silybum Marianum ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cold Pressed ◽  
Vitamin Activity

Использование растительных масел в рационе человека необходимо для удовлетворения энергетической потребности организма и регулирования биологических процессов. В настоящей работе представлен качественный и количественный состав витаминов и токоферолов различных видов растительных масел, полученных холодным отжимом из выращенных в нашей стране расторопши, горчицы, подсолнечника, рыжика, рапса. Проведен сравнительный анализ литературных источников о наличии витаминов и токоферолов в различных растительных маслах. Количественный и качественный витаминный состав для одного и того же вида масла, по данным разных авторов, варьируется в достаточно широком диапазоне. В ходе исследования изучен витаминный состав пяти растительных масел. Результаты свидетельствуют, что наибольшей витаминной активностью обладают масла рыжиковое, расторопши и горчичное. Установлено наличие витамина А в маслах: рыжиковом (27,15±0,002 мкг%), расторопши (19,07±0,02 мкг%), горчичном (24,77±0,02 мкг%). Витамины В и В присутствуют в маслах горчичном, рыжиковом и расторопши; витамин В определен в горчичном и рыжиковом, В - в рыжиковом и расторопши. В маслах горчичном и расторопши присутствует витамин В. Наиболее богаты витамином Е масла рыжиковое (52,8±0,02 мг%), подсолнечное (48,3±0,02 мг%), расторопши (47,12±0,02 мг%). Витамин К и токоферолы определены во всех растительных маслах. Присутствие b-каротина обнаружено в рыжиковом (1,237±0,004 мг%), расторопши (0,812±0,002 мг%), подсолнечном (0,22±0,02 мг%) и горчичном (0,148±0,002 мг%) маслах. Анализируемые масла холодного отжима можно рассматривать как ценный источник при проектировании новых многоцелевых продуктов или побочных продуктов для промышленного, косметического и фармацевтического использования. The use of vegetable oils in the human diet is necessary to meet the energy needs of the body and regulate biological processes. This work presents the qualitative and quantitative composition of vitamins and tocopherols of various types of vegetable oils obtained by cold pressing from silybum marianum, mustard, sunflower, camelina, rapeseed grown in our country. A comparative analysis of the literature on the presence of vitamins and tocopherols in various vegetable oils has been carried out. The quantitative and qualitative vitamin composition for the same type of oil, according to different authors, varies in a wide range. During the study, the vitamin composition of five vegetable oils was studied. The results indicate that the following oils have the highest vitamin activity: camelina, silybum marianum and mustard. The presence of vitamin A was found in oils: camelina (27.15±0.002 μg%), silybum marianum (19.07±0.02 μg%), mustard (24.77±0.02 μg%). Vitamins B and B are present in mustard, camelina and silybum marianum oils; vitamin B is found in mustard and camelina; B in camelina and silybum marianum. Mustard and silybum marianum oils contain vitamin B. The richest in vitamin E are camelina (52.8±0.02 mg%), sunflower (48.3±0.02 mg%), silybum marianum (47.12±0.02 mg%). Vitamin K and tocopherols are found in all vegetable oils. The presence of b-carotene was found in camelina (1.237±0.004 mg%), silybum marianum (0.812±0.002 mg%), sunflower (0.22±0.02 mg%) and mustard (0.148±0.002 mg%) oils. The analyzed cold-pressed oils can be considered as a valuable resource when designing new multipurpose products or by-products for industrial, cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications.

scholarly journals Influence of rootstock on the quality of sweet cherry fruits in the conditions of the Lower Volga region

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012063
Author(s):  
OA Nikolskay ◽  
A V Solonkin ◽  
E N Kikteva
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Heat And Moisture ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
Fruit Plantations

Abstract Sweet cherry is a thermophilic and whimsical crop that reacts painfully to unfavorable meteorological conditions, such as frost, drought or high humidity in the air and soil. At the same time, this crop requires a uniform supply of heat and moisture during the growing season. In the climatic conditions of the Volgograd region, stressful situations often arise that can partially or completely reduce the yield of fruit crops, especially those introduced to our region from other regions. To reduce the risk of losing the yield of fruit plantations, including sweet cherry, it is necessary to pay special attention to the choice of the variety, as well as the rootstock on which this variety is grafted. The publication presents the results of studying the influence of rootstocks on the qualitative and quantitative indicators of sweet cherry fruits, such as taste, weight, uniformity, color, and productivity. According to the results of the study in the field (in the garden), varietal-rootstock combinations were identified that have one-dimensional, crack-resistant, large fruits, while maintaining high and stable productivity. According to the results of research, it was found that the rootstock affects not only the strength of growth and the shape of the crown, but also the quality of the fruit. The most dependent of the studied varieties on the type of rootstock is Euphoria, the lowest weight of berries was observed on the rootstock VSL-1. At the same time, this rootstock has a higher percentage of resistance to cracking of the fruit. Based on the conducted research, it can be concluded that with the help of rootstock, it becomes possible to influence the quality indicators of fruits.

scholarly journals FLAVONOIDS OF IRIS SIBIRICA L. GROWN IN VITRO CULTURE

2021 ◽  
pp. 301-308
Author(s):  
Olesya Nikolayevna Mazko ◽  
Lyudmila Ivanovna Tikhomirova ◽  
Lyudmila Vladimirovna Shcherbakova ◽  
Natal'ya Grigor'yevna Bazarnova ◽  
Dmitriy Alekseyevich Karpitsky
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Nutrient Media ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Clonal Micropropagation ◽  
Intact Plants

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) separately and in interaction with auxins on the change in the qualitative and quantitative composition of flavonoids in the raw materials of regenerating plants Iris sibirica L. Cambridge grade in comparison with aeroponic and intact raw materials using the method of high-performance liquid chromatography. Raw materials of I. sibirica Cambridge variety obtained in vitro culture had a richer qualitative composition of flavonoids than intact plants. The dependence of the accumulation of flavonoids on the concentration of 6-benzylaminopurine in nutrient media was noted. The presence of 13 compounds was observed in extracts of 70% ethyl alcohol from regenerating plants grown at the lowest concentration of BAP (1.0 µM) within the experiment. In quantitative terms, the flavonoid apigenin was maximally determined on a medium with BAP 1 µM, and kaempferol - on media with BAP 5.0 µM, supplemented with auxins. For a medium with 7.5 µM BAP, the lowest variety of compounds was observed (9) and the lowest kaempferol content. Auxins influenced the synthesis of flavonoids. The amount of flavonoids in all variants of the experiment increased by an average of 13% in the presence of auxins. The stages of the technological process of obtaining raw materials I. sibirica Cambridge variety on the basis of clonal micropropagation and cultivation in aeroponics conditions allowed to obtain raw materials that do not contain heavy and toxic metals, are not infected with pathogens and pests. With 1 m2 of useful area of aeroponics for 1 year, it is possible to collect 5 times more raw materials than with field cultivation. According to the qualitative composition of phenolic compounds, aeroponic raw materials are identical to intact plants.

scholarly journals Macrozoobenthos of the Moravice river and Bělokamenný potok brook

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivo Sukop
Keyword(s):  
Small Town ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Saprobic Index ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Density And Biomass

Qualitative and quantitative composition of macrozoobenthos was studied on the Moravice river (six sites) and Bělokamenný potok brook (one site). Altogether, 64 and 29 taxa of water macroinvertebrates were determined in the Moravice river and Bělokamenný potok brook respectively. Saprobic index on the majority of monitored localities corresponded to oligosaprobity. On the sites 2 and 3 (downstream of the small town of Břidličná), the saprobic index showed β-mesosaprobity. The values of macrozoobenthos density and biomass ranged between 317–605 ind.m–2 and 4.1–6.5 g.m–2 respectively.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document