The nature of metabolic and functional state of the innate antimicrobial protection factors in persons with rhinosinusitis

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
N. V. Kornova
Keyword(s):  
Relative Number ◽  
Nasal Secretion ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Neutrophilic Granulocytes ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Lysosomal Activity ◽  
Cellular Factors ◽  
Nbt Test ◽  
Antimicrobial Protection ◽  
Biocidal Properties

The purpose is to study the features of metabolic and functional activity of cellular factors of innate immunity in nasal secretion in persons with rhinosinusitis. Material and methods. We studied the qualitative and quantitative composition of leukocytes of the nasal secretion of patients with rhinosinusitis, their viability, phagocytic and lysosomal activity, oxygen-dependent metabolism of neutrophilic granulocytes in the NBT test. Results. It was demonstrated that in patients with rhinosinusitis, an increase in the absolute and relative number of viable neutrophilic granulocytes, an increase in their lysosomal activity, a decrease in the activity and intensity of phagocytosis, and inhibition of biocidal properties according to the spontaneous NBT test are recorded. Conclusion. The revealed increase in the number of viable neutrophilic granulocytes, an increase in their lysosomal activity, a traced decrease in the activity and intensity of phagocytosis with inhibition of biocidal properties confirm the need to search for additional methods of rhinosinusitis therapy.

scholarly journals NATURE OF METABOLIC AND FUNCTIONAL CONDITION OF CELLULAR FACTORS OF CONGENITAL IMMUNITY IN RHINOSURGICAL PATIENTS IN EARLY POST-OPERATIVE PERIOD

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
A M Korkmazov ◽  
O A Gizinger ◽  
M Yu Korkmazov
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Septum ◽  
Functional Condition ◽  
Nasal Secretion ◽  
Neutrophilic Granulocytes ◽  
Postoperative Rehabilitation ◽  
Lysosomal Activity ◽  
Post Operative Period ◽  
Cellular Factors ◽  
Nbt Test ◽  
Phagocytosis Activity

Aim - to study the peculiarities of metabolic and functional activity of cell factors of congenital immunity in patients after rhinosurgical treatment in early stages of post-operative period. Materials and methods. The authors examined leukocyte profile of nasal secretion and their viability, phagocytic and lysosomal activity, oxygen-dependent biotransformation of neutrophilic granulocytes in NBT-test during the first 24 hours after the operation for deflection of the nasal septum. Results. The study showed that spontaneous NBT-test during the first 24 hours of postoperative period revealed that patients after the operation for deflection of the nasal septum with the following 24-hour tamponade have increased number of viable neutrophilic granulocytes with better lysosomal activity, decreased phagocytosis activity and intensity, and depressed biocidal characteristics. Conclusion. The revealed increase in the number of viable neutrophilic granulocytes, their better lysosomal activity, associated with decreased phagocytosis activity and intensity, and depressed biocidal characteristics prove the need for the search of additional methods of postoperative rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Study of innate factors in the local immune defense of the genital organs of dogs and cats

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (93) ◽  
pp. 98-102
Author(s):  
M. M. Zhelavskyi
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Sexual Cycle ◽  
Immune Homeostasis ◽  
Neutrophilic Granulocytes ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusions ◽  
Extracellular Traps ◽  
Nbt Test ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
Antimicrobial Protection

Immune system of reproductive organs of animals is represented by a number of cellular and humoral protection factors. Recently, the attention of scientists was attracted by the role of immunocompetent cells, which integrally provide immune homeostasis at all stages of the reproductive function. The purpose of the work was to study the cellular factors of immune defense of mucous membranes of genital organs of dogs and cats. The cytological composition and determination of immunological parameters of vaginal microscope slide were determined by patented methods. Local immunity was determined by the parameters of extracellular protection mechanisms, which consisted in the study of the Oxygen-dependent potential of neutrophil granulocytes (NBT-test) and their ability to form extracellular traps (NETs). Our studies have found that in different stages of the sexual cycle in beach and cats, along with cytological changes in epithelial cells, changes occur in phagocytic protection. In particular, in the post-infusion period there was an increase in the number of intermediate and basal epithelial cells on the surface of which were adhered microorganisms. Along with epithelial cells, activated phagocytes were grouped. Neutrophils showed cytochemical reactivity in the NBT-test, and also formed NETs. At the same time, activated phagocytes absorbed microorganisms, and some epithelial cells formed specific cytoplasmic inclusions, which obviously also has an important role in the antimicrobial immunity of the mucosa. Some neutrophilic granulocytes were in a state of apoptosis. During the sexual cycle in the organism of dogs and cats there are morphology and functional changes in the genital organs, which was accompanied by a change in the cytological picture of vaginal microscope slides. It was established that the antimicrobial protection system plays an important role in the neutrophilic granulocytes, the functional activity of which also has a change. The main mechanisms of extracellular antimicrobial protection of microphages are realized with the involvement of Oxygen species in the excretion system of active forms and the formation of neutrophilic extracellular traps. Epithelial cells are also involved in the formation of immune homeostasis of genital mucous membranes.

scholarly journals Immunological NBT Test – Indicator of Phagocytic and Metabolic Activity of Neutrophilic Granulocytes in Complications of Ent Organs Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-190
Author(s):  
Zarema N. Lovpache ◽  
Tamara G. Tlupova ◽  
Aslan A. Teuvov ◽  
Arthur M. Baziev ◽  
Diana A. Teuvazhukova
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Neutrophilic Granulocytes ◽  
Nbt Test

Infectious diseases associated with diseases of ENT organs are quite common. Therefore, this problem requires detailed study. The main goal of the work is to characterize the immunological NBT test – the index of phagocytic and metabolic activity of neutrophilic granulocytes in cases of complications of ENT diseases. To achieve this goal and study the problem in detail, the authors used experimental methods. The experiment was conducted on 40 patients from 32 to 65 years. The authors found that during the eruptive phase of the disease, the percentage of NBT positive granulocytes and tetrazolium activity significantly increased and amounted to 30-40%, while the control group’s data were the following – the activity of the NBT test was 4.9-6.8%. It was also found that the NBT test in patients with otitic meningitis was 26-62%, while in all patients with serous meningitis, the level of the NBT test was low – 6-11.

scholarly journals Dry Eye and Dry Nose Caused by the Effect of Allergic Rhinitis on Tear and Nasal Secretion Osmolarity

2020 ◽  
pp. 014556132090848
Author(s):  
Alper Yenigun ◽  
Ahmet Elbay ◽  
Abdullah Ozdem ◽  
Havvanur Bayraktar ◽  
Omer Faruk Ozer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Nasal Secretion ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Healthy Participants

Objective: Allergic rhinitis is a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction of immunoglobulin E in the rhino-ocular mucosa. This study was planned to demonstrate in patients with allergic rhinitis to evaluate changes in tear, nasal secretions, and blood osmolarity compared to healthy individuals. Method: Forty allergic rhinitis patients, 25 patients with acute upper respiratory tract infections, and 26 healthy participants were included in the study. Positive patients with allergic symptoms and skin prick test results were included in the allergic rhinitis group. Tear, nasal secretion, and blood osmolarity values were examined for the 3 groups. Result: In patients with allergic rhinitis, tear and nasal secretion osmolarity values were significantly higher in patients with acute upper respiratory tract infections and those of the healthy participants ( P = .001, P = .038). In blood osmolarity measurements, there was no statistical difference between the groups ( P = .489). In patients with allergic rhinitis, Schirmer test results were significantly shorter than patients who had acute upper respiratory tract infection and those of the healthy participants ( P = .001, P = .001). Patients with allergic rhinitis and acute upper respiratory tract infections had significantly shorter Schirmer test results than in healthy participants ( P = .001, P = .001). Conclusion: Tear osmolarity was increased in allergic rhinitis patients, and this was thought to lead to dry eye findings. In the presence of allergic rhinitis, nasal secretions were found more hyperosmolar than tears. Nasal secretion osmolarity was higher in allergic rhinitis patients than in patients with acute upper respiratory tract infections and control group.

Current approaches to the treatment of rhinosinusitis

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-15
Author(s):  
Oksana. A. Gizinger ◽  
Natalia V. Kornova ◽  
Artem S. Beloshangin
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Paranasal Sinuses ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Phenylephrine Hydrochloride

Relevance: despite the available methods and medicines, rhinosinusitis occupies a leading place in the structure of diseases of the upper respiratory tract. Rhinosinusitis can be a consequence of respiratory viral infections, can be an independent nosological unit. In recent years, there has been a protracted course of rhinosinusitis with a long recovery period with chronic inflammation in the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity. Purpose of the study: to analyze the validity and effectiveness of therapeutic approaches to the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis using the Polydexa with phenylephrinum nasal spray with phenylephrine Materials and мethods: The study included 121 patients — 61 (50.41 %) women and 60 (49.59 %) men aged 25 to 50 years, a history of chronic rhinosinusitis in the stage of clinical exacerbation at the time of the study. All patients underwent: otorhinolaryngological examination, general clinical and radiological (radiography or computed / magnetic resonance imaging of the paranasal sinuses). Cytological examination of the detachable nasal cavity was carried out to study the calculation of the relative number of neutrophilic granulocytes, macrophages, epithelial cells, lymphocytes. Microbiological examination of the detachable nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses included the study of the qualitative and quantitative composition of pathogenic and opportunistic organisms on the surface of the nasal mucosa. Results: in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis in the stage of clinical exacerbation, an increase in the relative content of inflammatory elements was revealed in the nasal secretion against the background of the prevailing content of pathogenic staphylococci and streptococci. The use of topical preparations containing antibacterial components of a broad antimicrobial spectrum of action, dexamethasone, phenylephrine hydrochloride helps to relieve inflammation on the surface of the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Conclusions: a method of treating chronic rhinosinusitis in the stage of clinical exacerbation using a combined preparation for topical application containing neomycin sulfate, polymyxin B sulfate, dexamethasone sodium metasulfobenzoate, phenylephrine hydrochloride has a pronounced anti-inflammatory, decongestant, antibacterial effect

The state of the intestinal microbiota and antimicrobial protection: obtaining and analyzing information

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
O.A. Gizinger
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Antimicrobial Protection ◽  
On Line ◽  
Modern Knowledge ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
Indigenous Microflora

Despite significant progress in the study of the qualitative and quantitative composition of microflora, there are many controversial issues related not only to diagnosis, but also to the treatment of dysbiotic disorders of the intestine. Dysbiotic disorders, characterized by a decrease in the qualitative and quantitative indicators of obligate and facultative microflora, can have a negative impact on human health. The doctor’s task is to restore the microbiocenosis of the gastrointestinal tract and the density of colonization of indigenous microflora, taking into account modern knowledge on this problem, presented in on-line training seminars.

scholarly journals FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF BLOOD NEUTROPHILS AND PERITONEAL EXUDATE IN PATIENTS WITH PERITONITIS

2019 ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
A. Stasenko
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Peritoneal Exudate ◽  
Innate Defense ◽  
Local Protection ◽  
Cellular Factors ◽  
Nbt Test ◽  
Blood Neutrophils

The aim of the study is to investigate the functional properties of neutrophils in the blood and peritoneal exudate in patients with peritonitis. Materials and methods. The metabolic activity of neutrophils determined in patients with peritonitis and in patients of the control groups in the blood, peritoneal exudate and effusion of the abdominal wall on the 1–2 day of the postoperative period in the Sp and St test with nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT), as well as reserve indicator (RI) of metabolic activity. We studied the percentage of active neutrophils in the phagocytosis –PhI ( index) and the number of absorbed Candida albicans particles on average by one neutrophil –PhN(number). Results and their discussion.The peculiarities of the cellular factors of local protection decreased metabolic activity of neutrophils in the abdominal cavity in the Sp NBT test compared to blood neutrophils and an increased reserve during stimulation. For the comparisons which included the activity of neutrophils abdominal contents in patients with peritonitis versus in control established that neutrophils in the abdominal cavity with peritonitis have a reduced intensity of phagocytosis. Patients with pancreatic peritonitis have inverse correlations between the amount of NBT-positive blood NG in the SP NBT test and IR of blood NG and between the amount of NBT-positive blood NG in the Sp NST test and PhI of blood NG, while patients with abdominal peritonitis do not have correlations between indicators of innate defense of the body. Conclusions. Peritonitis was associated with functional disorders of NG. The leading areas of disorders are significant activation of metabolic processes of NG and inhibition of the phagocytic function of NG blood and peritoneal exudate. Patients with pancreatic peritonitis had inverse correlations between the indicators of the innate defense of the body, while patients with abdominal peritonitis did not have correlations.

scholarly journals Systemic and local effective function of neutrophilic granulocytes associated with transformation of the phenotype of their functionally significant subset in children with small purulent infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-226
Author(s):  
G. A Chudilova ◽  
I. V Nesterova ◽  
T. V Rusinova ◽  
S. V Kovaleva ◽  
V. N Pavlenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Effector Function ◽  
Membrane Receptors ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Neutrophilic Granulocytes ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Inflammatory Processes

Defects in the functioning of neutrophilic granulocytes (NG) are accompanied by various purulent-inflammatory diseases that have a persistent-relapsing course. The bactericidal activity of NG, the processes of intracellular and extracellular killing of bacteria, is directly dependent on their phenotypic features: the expression level of functionally significant membrane receptors CD64, CD16, CD32, CD11b triggering effector processes. It was shown that there are subsets of NG with different phenotypic characteristics and the course and outcome of infectious and inflammatory diseases directly depends on their usefulness. Despite the large amount of accumulated information, the question of the transformation of NG subpopulations phenotype during NG response formation in children with local purulent processes of soft tissues - a small purulent infection (SPI) remains poorly understood. Purpose: to evaluate the local and systemic effector function of neutrophilic granulocytes (phagocytosis, NET formation) with clarification of the phenotype of functionally significant CD64-CD16+CD32+CD11b+, CD64+CD16+CD32+CD11b+ and CD64-CD16+CD32-CD11b+ NG subpopulations in peripheral blood (PB) in children with SPI. Materials and methods. We evaluated the phagocytic function of NG in 60 PB samples of children 5-9 years old, on the 2-3rd day of acute purulent process, before surgery, in smears - prints taken from the local focus of purulent inflammation and 17 PB samples of conditionally healthy children. Also the ability to form NET was additionally determined in smears-prints in children with SPI. In parallel, in PB we evaluated:% NG simultaneously carrying CD64, CD16, CD32, CD11b receptors and their expression density (MFI) by flow cytometry (CYTOMICS FC500, Beckman Coulter, USA). Statistical data processing was performed in the Microsoft Exel 2016 and Stat Plus 2010 software packages. Nonparametric criteria were used: median (Me) and interquartile range (Q1; Q3), Mann-Whitney U-test and Wilcoxon test. Results . We found a significant increase in the content of the NG subpopulation with a negatively transformed phenotype CD64-CD16+CD32-CD11b+ with defects in the expression of CD64 and CD32 receptors, which is the cause of inadequate inclusion of NG in inflammatory processes, disruption of phagocytic activity at the systemic and local levels and the occurrence of SPI in children. The formation of NET in the first stage is necessary to supplement the effector function of NG in order to compensate for disorders of phagocytosis.

scholarly journals Hypertonic seawater solution with brown algae extract Ascophillum nodosum in the treatment of acute rhinosinusitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-140
Author(s):  
О. A. Gizinger
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Brown Algae ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Neutrophilic Granulocytes ◽  
Acute Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Cellular Factors ◽  
History Of

The article presents modern approaches to the modulation of cellular factors of innate immunity, oxidative stress factors when using a hypertonic seawater solution with Ascophillum nodosum brown algae extract (NaCl 15 g/l) in patients with acute rhinosinusitis.Characteristics of the children and research methods. The authors examined 102 children aged from 5 to 8 years, with a history of more than 5 episodes of acute rhinosinusitis per year. We evaluated the quantitative and qualitative composition of neutrophilic granulocytes in washes from the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by neutrophilic granulocytes, the content of lipid peroxidation products, enzymes of the antioxidant system – superoxide dismutase and catalase in nasal washes.Results. The authors found that the nasal spray of a hypertonic seawater solution with Ascophillum nodosum brown algae extract helps to normalize clinical picture, reduce number of relapses, restore functional and metabolic status of neutrophils of the nasal mucosa surface, restore balance of lipid peroxidation factors, antioxidant sustem enzymes – superoxide dismutase and catalase.

Elevated Nitroblue Tetrazolium Dye Reduction Test Response in Acute Viral Respiratory Disease

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-124
Author(s):  
Otto F. Sieber ◽  
Maija L. Wilska ◽  
Rosella Riggin
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Airway Disease ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Reduction Test ◽  
Nbt Test ◽  
Dye Reduction ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Neutrophil Leukocytes ◽  
Viral Respiratory

Increased NBT dye reduction test responsiveness of neutrophil leukocytes has been observed in 14 of 17 infants with acute viral respiratory syndromes. Syndromes studied included croup, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia and were caused by parainfluenza virus types 1, 2, and 3, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza A virus, and adenovirus 1. NBT test elevation occurred early in every case of bronchiolitis and viral pneumonia and was associated with infections by all groups of viruses. On the other hand, NBT test results were normal or near-normal in a majority of cases of upper airway disease such as croup.

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