scholarly journals Evaluation of dynamics of inflammatory process in patients with flegmones of shell-facial plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 part 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
V. A. Malanchuk ◽  
A.V. Sidoryako

Modern and glance at the methods of diagnosis and treatment of patients with odontogenic inflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial area and neck was and remains one of the pressing problems that are frequent complications that lead to disorders in the tooth-jaw system, and can be a direct life-threatening ill. Purpose of the study. To increase the effectiveness of treatment of phlegmon of maxillofacial area and neck due to the active evaluation of the dynamics of the inflammatory process comparing a specific patient with standard indicatorschanges in the limits of edema of infiltration. Materials and methods. We carried out diagnostics and complex treatment of 120 patients with odontogenic phlegmons, who were in hospital treatment. The patients were divided into 2 groups: group I – 60 patients, treatment of which was carried out by the traditional method. Group II – 60 patients, modern treatment methods regional administration of attibiotics, vacuum drainage of purulent wound and plasmolifting at the stage of reparation, were added to their standard therapy. Conclusions: The proposed method is simple, reliable and does not require expensive equipment and makes it possible to predict the development of the disease only by clinical measurements of the volume of inflammation. Keywords: maxillofacial area, phlegmon, autoplasma, platelets, evaluation of the inflammatory process dynamics.

Author(s):  
Маргарита Александровна Агапова ◽  
Дмитрий Юрьевич Харитонов ◽  
Ирина Владимировна Корытина ◽  
Анна Владимировна Подопригора

Дети с острыми формами лимфаденитов челюстно-лицевой области составляют большую часть пациентов поликлиник и профильных стационаров. Зачастую они имеют недооцененную клиническую картину, общее состояние, распространенность и динамику острого воспалительного процесса, требуя хирургического вмешательства. Допущенные ошибки приводят к удлинению сроков лечения и иногда угрозе для жизни. Для раннего выявления показаний для госпитализации и помощи практикующим врачам в алгоритме действий проведен анализ случаев острых лимфаденитов лица и шеи в детском возрасте. На основе ретроспективных данных осуществлена систематизация лимфаденитов челюстно-лицевой области по клиническим формам и распределении частоты встречаемости, возрасту, анатомической принадлежности, выделены основные изменения гематологических показателей. Определена корреляция температурной кривой, этиологические причины возникновения лимфаденитов и основные микробиологические возбудители гнойных форм лимфаденитов лица и шеи у детей. На основании полученных данных нами разработаны и предложены критерии дифференциальной диагностики разных клинических форм лимфаденита, что поможет врачу с постановкой предварительного диагноза, или дифференциальной диагностике, на этапе поликлиники или на догоспитальном приёме. Данные критерии помогут сократить сроки лечения детей в стационаре и не допустить развития тяжелых осложнений Children with acute forms of lymphadenitis of the maxillofacial region make up the majority of patients in polyclinics and specialized hospitals. They often have an underestimated clinical picture, general condition, prevalence and dynamics of an acute inflammatory process, requiring surgical intervention. Mistakes lead to lengthening of treatment and sometimes life-threatening. For early detection of indications for hospitalization and assistance to practitioners in the algorithm of actions, an analysis of cases of acute lymphadenitis of the face and neck in childhood was carried out. On the basis of retrospective data, the systematization of lymphadenitis of the maxillofacial region by clinical forms and distribution of frequency of occurrence, age, anatomical affiliation was carried out, the main changes in hematological parameters were highlighted. The correlation of the temperature curve, the etiological causes of the occurrence of lymphadenitis and the main microbiological pathogens of purulent forms of lymphadenitis of the face and neck in children were determined. Based on the data obtained, we have developed and proposed criteria for the differential diagnosis of various clinical forms of lymphadenitis, which will help the doctor with a preliminary diagnosis, or differential diagnosis, at the stage of the polyclinic or at the pre-hospital admission. These criteria will help to shorten the period of hospital treatment for children and prevent the development of severe complications


2021 ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
V.O. Lychman ◽  
K.P. Lokes ◽  
D.S. Avetikov ◽  
N.V. Gorlach ◽  
O.O. Goncharenko ◽  
...  

Today, information about circadian rhythms is widespread. Circadian rhythms are generated by clocks that are endogenous in nature and fluctuate even in the absence of environmental signals. Circadian clocks affect a wide range of biological processes, including neuronal, endocrine, metabolic, and behavioral functions. One of the key factors influencing behavioral patterns is the chronotype, which is defined as the human circadian typology and is a behavioral manifestation of the human internal circadian clock system that can be assessed using several methodologies that classify people into morning or evening chronotypes[1]. The aim of our study was to establish how to use a standardized protocol for medical care for odontogenic phlegmons of maxillofacial localization, taking into account the biological rhythm of patients.A total of 30 patients with odontogenic phlegmons of maxillofacial localization (2-3 cell spaces), aged 35 to 60 years, without systemic chronic diseases, regardless of gender, who underwent surgery in the form of opening and drainage of phlegmon with intravenous introduction of cryopreserved placenta.For clinical characterization of the process of purulent wound healing we used the proposed standardization tables of quantitative values of indicators that determine the dynamics of changes in general condition (P-1), the dynamics of local changes in patients with phlegmons of maxillofacial localization (P-2) and the dynamics of changes in a purulent wound (indicator P-3).Analyzing the dynamics of changes in the P-1.1 indicator, it should be emphasized that this indicator reached its maximum values for 1 day after surgery, which is probably due to the body's response to iatrogenic trauma on the background of the inflammatory process. Analyzing the decrease of this indicator during the 3rd and 5th days, it should be noted that its significant value is observed in the period between the 3rd and 5th days closer to the 5th, on average by 1.78 ± 0.24. Analysis of the dynamics of the indicator P-1.2 gives grounds to show its uniform decrease during 1, 3 and 5 days after the operating period with normalization of the indicator for 7 days. The change in the dynamics of the P-1.3 indicator by its significant decrease on the 3rd day in 28% of cases and on the 5th day in 72% of cases with normalization of quantitative data on the 7th day is noteworthy. In the study of masticatory disorders (indicator P-4) should be noted the maximum value of this indicator on the 1st day, which is associated with known complications onthe background of purulent inflammatory process and the presence of additional inflammatory process. A significant decrease in this indicator by 0.31 ± 0.09 points on the 5th day in 62% of cases with partial normalization on the 7th day in 62.3% and full normalization in 37.7% of cases is noteworthy. A similar picture was observed in the study of the dynamics of changes in P-1.5, but in contrast to the previous indicator, normalization on day 7 occurred in 82.9% of cases.In the study of indicators showing the dynamics of local changes deserves special attention indicator P- 2.1, which on the 1st day after the operating period reached maximum values with a gradual decrease throughout the postoperative period, but the largest difference in its reduction by an average of 0.23 ± 00.9 scores were recorded on the 5th day in 56.9% of cases in patients with morning chronotype, operated on in the first half of the day.According to the study, it was found that intravenous cryopreserved placenta have an impact on the course of reparative processes in patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial localization, depending on the time of surgery.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 232470962110264
Author(s):  
Taylor Warmoth ◽  
Malvika Ramesh ◽  
Kenneth Iwuji ◽  
John S. Pixley

Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a form of hemophagocytic lymphohistocytosis that occurs in patients with a variety of inflammatory rheumatologic conditions. Traditionally, it is noted in pediatric patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis and systemic lupus erythematous. It is a rapidly progressive and life-threatening syndrome of excess immune activation with an estimated mortality rate of 40% in children. It has become clear recently that MAS occurs in adult patients with underlying rheumatic inflammatory diseases. In this article, we describe 6 adult patients with likely underlying MAS. This case series will outline factors related to diagnosis, pathophysiology, and review present therapeutic strategies.


Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Alexie Mayor ◽  
Adélaïde Chesnay ◽  
Guillaume Desoubeaux ◽  
David Ternant ◽  
Nathalie Heuzé-Vourc’h ◽  
...  

Respiratorytract infections (RTIs) are frequent and life-threatening diseases, accounting for several millions of deaths worldwide. RTIs implicate microorganisms, including viruses (influenza virus, coronavirus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)), bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus anthracis) and fungi (Pneumocystis spp., Aspergillus spp. and very occasionally Candida spp.). The emergence of new pathogens, like the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, and the substantial increase in drug resistance have highlighted the critical necessity to develop novel anti-infective molecules. In this context, antibodies (Abs) are becoming increasingly important in respiratory medicine and may fulfill the unmet medical needs of RTIs. However, development of Abs for treating infectious diseases is less advanced than for cancer and inflammatory diseases. Currently, only three Abs have been marketed for RTIs, namely, against pulmonary anthrax and RSV infection, while several clinical and preclinical studies are in progress. This article gives an overview of the advances in the use of Abs for the treatment of RTIs, based on the analysis of clinical studies in this field. It describes the Ab structure, function and pharmacokinetics, and discusses the opportunities offered by the various Ab formats, Ab engineering and co-treatment strategies. Including the most recent literature, it finally highlights the strengths, weaknesses and likely future trends of a novel anti-RTI Ab armamentarium.


2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-45
Author(s):  
Irina Sokolovska ◽  
Nadezhda Maryukhnich ◽  
Valentyna Zarytska ◽  
Olena Kyrpychenko ◽  
Valentina Nechiporenko ◽  
...  

It has been stated that changes of lipid exchange and increasing of lipid peroxidation are accompanied by the inflammatory process, which show the increase of proatherogenic blood characteristics. In patients with chronic non-specific inflammatory diseases of genitals disorders of phagocytosis mechanisms, increasing of autointoxication and reaction of hypersensitivity of immediate type are revealed after full blood count index. On the basis of analyses results one can conclude that the increase of atherogenic properties of blood plasma in patients with chronic non-specific inflammatory diseases of genitals took place in accordance with vascular endothelium damage. The article is the first to show the effectiveness of complex treatment of different atherosclerotic pathogenesis links by means of correction of proatherogenic lipid fractions and antioxidative complexes.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo Chora ◽  
Dora Pedroso ◽  
Nadja Pejanovic ◽  
Eleni Kyriakou ◽  
Henrique Colaço ◽  
...  

AbstractTranscriptional programs leading to induction of a large number of genes can be rapidly initiated by the activation of only few selected transcription factors. Upon stimulation of macrophages with microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), the activation of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) family of transcription factors triggers inflammatory responses that, left uncontrolled, can lead to excessive inflammation with life-threatening consequences for the host. Here we identify and characterize a novel effect of Anthracyclines, a class of drugs currently used as potent anticancer drugs, in the regulation of NF-κB transcriptional activity in BMDMs, in addition to the previously reported DNA damage and histone eviction. Anthracyclines, including Doxorubicin, Daunorubicin and Epirubicin, disturb the complexes formed between the NF-κB subunit RelA and its DNA binding sites, to limit NF-κB-dependent gene transcription during inflammatory responses, including of pivotal pro-inflammatory mediators such as TNF. We observed that suppression of inflammation can also be mediated by Aclarubicin, Doxorubicinone and the newly developed Dimethyl-doxorubicin, which share anticancer properties with the other Anthracyclines, but do not induce DNA damage in the tested concentrations. This novel mechanism of action of Anthracyclines, contributing to the reduction of inflammation, is thus independent of the activation of DNA damage responses and may be relevant for the development of novel strategies targeting immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.


Author(s):  
Adryan Fristiohady ◽  
Muhammad Hajrul Malaka ◽  
Andi Rizqa Wahyuni Safitri ◽  
Dewo Diha ◽  
Saripuddin Saripuddin ◽  
...  

Inflammation is the host's protective response to any stimulus that harms the body. Excessive inflammatory process causes tissue damage. Therefore, an anti-inflammatory agent is needed. The use of natural ingredients, especially sea sponges, is an option to reduce the side effects of anti-inflammatory agents. This utilization is related to the discovery of new agents. So, we tested the effect of the ethanol extract of Petrosia sp. as an anti-inflammatory agent. Animal induced with 1% carrageenan and left for 1 hour. After that the animals were divided into 6 groups (n = 4) and given oral treatment, namely: Group I (normal group); Group II (negative group); Group III (ethanol extract of Petrosia sp. Concentration of 0.05mg/ml); Group IV (ethanol extract of Petrosia sp. Concentration 0.1mg/ml); Group V (ethanol extract of Petrosia sp. Concentration 0.2mg/ml); and Group VI (positive group, Diclofenac Sodium). After 1 hour, the animals were measured for edema volume and plasma TNF-α levels. Based on the research conducted, the ethanol extract of Petrosia sp. decreased edema volume and plasma TNF-α levels in inflammatory mice. The concentration of 0.2mg/mL had a significant effect on the negative control used (p <0.05). On the other hand, Petrosia sp. indicates the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, and steroids. They may play an important role in the anti-inflammatory process. Thus, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of Petrosia sp. has anti-inflammatory activity.


2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (10) ◽  
pp. 1269-1276
Author(s):  
Adam D. Shellito ◽  
Marcia M. Russell

Diverting loop ileostomy (DLI) with colonic lavage has been proposed as an alternative to total abdominal colectomy (TAC) for fulminant Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). Controversy exists regarding the mortality benefit and outcomes of this surgical approach. We conducted a MEDLINE database search for articles between 1999 and 2019 pertaining to DLI for the surgical treatment of CDI. Five articles met the inclusion criteria. Four studies were retrospective and one was a prospective matched cohort study. 3683 patients were included in the 5 studies; 733 patients (20%) underwent DLI, while 2950 patients (80%) underwent TAC. The only shared outcome measure across all 5 studies was mortality. The overall mortality rate for the entire cohort undergoing both procedures was 30.3%. There was no statistically significant difference in pooled mortality between DLI and TAC (OR: .73; 95% CI, .45-1.2; P = .22). Reporting of other postoperative outcomes was variable. Fulminant CDI remains a life-threatening condition with high mortality. Loop ileostomy may be a viable surgical alternative to total colectomy with similar mortality; however, further work is needed to determine specific patient characteristics that warrant routine use of DLI.


2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6535
Author(s):  
Beatriz Lozano-Ruiz ◽  
José M. González-Navajas

Absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) is a cytosolic receptor that recognizes double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and triggers the activation of the inflammasome cascade. Activation of the inflammasome results in the maturation of inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1 β and IL-18, and a form of cell death known as pyroptosis. Owing to the conserved nature of its ligand, AIM2 is important during immune recognition of multiple pathogens. Additionally, AIM2 is also capable of recognizing host DNA during cellular damage or stress, thereby contributing to sterile inflammatory diseases. Inflammation, either in response to pathogens or due to sterile cellular damage, is at the center of the most prevalent and life-threatening liver diseases. Therefore, during the last 15 years, the study of inflammasome activation in the liver has emerged as a new research area in hepatology. Here, we discuss the known functions of AIM2 in the pathogenesis of different hepatic diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), hepatitis B, liver fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 56-58
Author(s):  
Abdelrahman E. M. Ezzat ◽  
Mohammed A. Salem ◽  
Colin O’Rourke ◽  
John E. Fenton

Abstract Introduction Pulsatile tinnitus (PT) can harbor potentially life-threatening conditions (LTCs), whereby a delay in diagnosis could be disastrous. Objective The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether associated signs and symptoms at presentation could help identify a subgroup of high-risk patients. Materials and Methods A total of 66 patients with PT were retrospectively assessed. The diagnoses were classified as group I with an LTC or not in group II. Results There were 4 patients (6%) with a final diagnosis of LTC (group I) and 62 patients (94%) without a final diagnosis of LTC or no diagnosis (group II). The results were not quite statistically significant regarding the trauma and were strongly statistically significant regarding headache and the cranial nerve paralysis. Conclusion The combination of PT with any of the three features of occipital headache, cranial nerve palsy, and recent trauma should alert the clinician to potentially serious causes.


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