History and present time of the L.P. Symyrenko Research Station of Pomology of the Institute of Horticulture, NAAS of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
I.V. Grynyk ◽  
◽  
V.V. Filiov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
The State ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
State Register ◽  
Small Fruit ◽  
History Of ◽  
Institution Formation ◽  
Fruit Growing

The paper is devoted to the centenary of the L.P. Symyrenko Research Station of Pomology foundation. The authors have depicted the main stages of the institution formation and development and elucidated its principal scientific achievements. The history of the station began with the creation of the greatest in Russian Empire nursery farm by the outstanding Ukrainian pomologist Levko Platonovych Symyrenko near Mliiv (the now Cherkasy region). As early as in 1912 the cultivars of different plants numbered almost to 3 thousand here. On November 25, 1920 according to the decision of the Board of the People's Commissariat of Agriculture of the Ukrainian SSR the Mliiv Horticultural and Truck Gardening Research Station was created on the basis of the above mentioned nursery. Its first director was L.P. Symyrenko’s son Volodymyr Levkovych, who embodied the creative ideas of the great-grandfather, grandfather and father, realized the cause of several generations of the Symyrenkos. He was a real founder of the Ukrainian horticulture, namely: created and developed all the attributes of Ukrainian pomology, systems of research institutions and state nurseries and the State "Pomological Book". V.L. Symyrenko, professors L.M. Ro and V.P. Popov, research worker M.A. Grossheim and others were major organizers of the station. With their direct participation the departments of horticulture, vegetable growing, entomology, agricultural meteorology, phytopathology, technical processing of fruits and small fruits, agrochemistry ets. were founded and functioned by 1927 already. In 1958 the station was named after L.P. Symyrenko. In the April of 1989 on the initiative of its then director M.M. Artemenko and with the support of the scientific collective it was reorganized as the Mliiv L.P. Symyrenko Research Institute of Horticulture of the Lisosteppe of Ukraine, in 1992 in accordance with tho order of the Presidium of the Ukrainian Academy of Agrarian Sciences (UAAS) renamed as Mliiv L.P. Symyrenko Institute of Horticulture of UAAS and in 2006 as L.P. Symyrenko Institute of Pomology of UAAS. In 2017 it was reorganized as the L.P. Symyrenko Research Station of Pomology of the Institute of Horticulture of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences (NAAS). Today, it is one of the leading scientific institutions of the NAAS system in the horticultural branch. The scientific and research works are carried out in conformity with the four scientific and technical programmes of NAAS: “Genetical Resources of Plants”, “Horticulture and Small-Fruit Growing”, “Plant Protection” and “Agrarian Economics”. The main direction of the institution research activity is the elaboration of the scientific basis of the preservation and spread of the genetic versatility of the fruit, small fruit, nuciferous and minor crops. At present more than 3,000 varieties of fruit, small fruit, nuciferous and ornamental crops are studied in the collectional plantations. That is the valuable genetic fund of Ukraine. Today 72 varieties bred by the Mliiv Research Station have been entered into the State Register of the Plant Cultivars Favourable for the Spread in Ukraine.

Volodymyr Symyrenko: reformation of the horticultural science and creation of the All-Union Research Institute of fruit and small fruit farming in Kyiv

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
I.V. Grynyk ◽  
◽  
P.V. Volvach ◽  
B.Ya. Panasiuk ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Paper ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Research Institutions ◽  
Strong Point ◽  
Small Fruit ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Agricultural Sciences ◽  
Fruit Growing ◽  
Research Institute

The paper is dedicated to the 90th anniversary of the foundation of the Institute of Horticulture of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine. The main stages of the development of the horticultural science in the former USSR, in-cluding Ukraine are presented as well as the role of Volodymyr Symyrenko in this process. His father, the famous pomologist L.P. Symyrenko as early as at the beginning of the industrial horticulture formation stressed that just the scientific support of this branch is the main guarantee of its success. He stated that a profitable industrial orchard, despite the huge investments, can’t be successful without well-studied fruit crops cultivars adapted to the certain area. Only specialized research institutions could manage this task. The first in Russian Empire pomological collection and pomological nursery were created by L.P.Symyrenko in 1887 in the family estate ‘Platoniv farmstead’ near Horodyshche (now Cherkasy region). Thus the countdown of the Ukrainian horticultural science and industrial fruit growing should be conducted from this time. The scientist was the author of a number of outstanding scientific works, in particular "Crimean industrial horticulture" (1912), and the paper ‘Pomology’ is even now hand book for millions of scientists and manufacturers of horticultural products not only in Ukraine but also far beyond its borders. Professor Volodymyr Lvovych Symyrenko became a worthy successor of hisoutstanding father's cause. At the beginning of 1921, with the consent of the People's Commissariat of Agriculture of Ukraine, he organized the Mliiv Station of Fruit and Vegetable Growing on the material, technical and scientific basis of his father's pomological nursery, which under V.Symyrenko leadership soon became a leading scientific establishment. Thanks to it in Melitopol at first a strong point emerged on the basis of which a full-value research station was established in the late 1920s. Research stations were created in other regions not without the participation of Mliiv scientists and personally professor V. Symyrenko too. The scientific program of the Crimean Research Station was also compiled by Volodymyr Symyrenko. It should be noted that the process of establishing research institutions, especially branch institutes, in the country was intensified after the organization of the All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 1929 and the appointment as its president of the world-famous scientist M. Vavilov. V. Symyrenko's principled position concerning the location of the future All-Union Research Institute of Horticulture and Small Fruit Growing and Program of reforming the horticultural science proposed by him found support in the Academy of Agricultural sciences and among many authoritative scientists and manufacturers. His scientific paper on the reform of the horticultural science, published in April-May 1930 in the leading journal ‘Visnyk sadivnytstva, vynogradarstva ta gorodnytstva’ received great publicity. As early as on July 14 of the same year the resolution was passed on the establishment of the All-Union Research Institute of Fruit and Small Fruit Farming in Kyiv and appoint of V. Symyrenko its Acting Director was adopted at the meeting of the Presidium of the All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The creation of a powerful research Institute of Horticulture and the transformation of Ukraine into the horticultural capital of the country was a cherished dream of Professor V. Symyrenko. And even during the destined rather short three-year period of his leadership in the Institute, he managed to do quite a lot. Though he was repressed, the horticultural science and horticulture as a whole developed not only in Ukraine but also in other republics, according to Symyrenko’s program. A network of zonal research stations were formed in a fairly short period. The institute postgraduate courses created by V. Symyrenko managed to prepare many the young scientists. Currently, the Institute of Horticulture of NAAS of Ukraine, as the main fruit growing scientific institution, the puts into effect coordination and scientific and methodological guidance of the basic and applied researches in horticulture and ornamental plant growing in Ukraine. The scientists of seven research stations work together with the institute on ful-filling the scientific tasks, and the production testing of the developments is carried out in 13 farms experimental.

scholarly journals Kharkiv volume of a multi-volume encyclopedic edition«Collection of monuments of history and culture of Ukraine». History and current state (last quarter XX – beginning of the XXI century)

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Artistic Value ◽  
State Register ◽  
Current State ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Territorial Structure ◽  
Current Experience

Research aim is a comprehensive analysis of the state of preparation of the Kharkiv volume of the multi-volume encyclopedic edition "Collection of monuments of history and culture of Ukraine" from the 1980s – early XXI century and its impact on the field of monument science and monument protection. Research methodology. The article examines the formation of the Kharkiv volume of the multi-volume encyclopedic edition "Collection of Monuments of History and Culture of Ukraine" in the context of a nationwide encyclopedic project in terms of the principles of historicism, system, interdisciplinarity, objectivity, analysis and synthesis. Scientific novelty. In the modern normative system of cultural heritage protection, historical and interdisciplinary research, an important part of measures to protect and promote national cultural heritage in Ukraine and the world and a separate subject of study is "Collection of monuments of history and culture of Ukraine" - fundamental, multidisciplinary, encyclopedic, scientific reference publication, which covers all known in its territory immovable monuments - archeology, history, architecture, urban planning, monumental art, science and technology, which have historical, scientific or artistic value. Conclusions. Having analyzed the main normative principles, legal acts, orders and directives, due to which the functioning of the Code was started, both in Ukraine in information on monuments, changes in administrative-territorial structure and socio-political moments, as well as current experience and the state of preparation of the Kharkiv volume of the publication, we can conclude that the project "Collection of monuments of history and culture of Ukraine" is not only a publication that carries a normative and encyclopedic load. The Code is a scientific basis for compiling the State Register of Immovable Objects of Historical and Cultural Heritage, but it differs in that it contains the most studied number of immovable objects of cultural heritage, not only those that are under state protection. This nationwide project is able to improve the historical and local lore movement, intensify the excursion and tourism component of the region, as well as become the basis for the creation of new modern information resources in the field of protection and research of monuments.

Perlyna as a new strawberry (Fragaria ananassa L.) cultivar for the berries con-sumption as fresh and for freezing

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
V.V. Pavliuk ◽  
◽  
N.S. Kovalchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
The State ◽  
Fruit Crop ◽  
State Register ◽  
Small Fruit ◽  
Strain Testing ◽  
The One ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
State Registration

Strawberry is the most spreaded small fruit crop in many countries. In Ukraine sn 2018 this crop total area was 8.3 thus. ha, among them 7.9 thus. ha fruit-bearing in all the categories of farms. The gross berries output was 62.3 thus. tons, the average yield being 7.7 t/ha. The Dutch bank «Rаdobank» carried out in April of 2016 the researches on the small fruit production in Europe and revealed that strawberry even now is the most popular small fruit crop. The strawberry Ukrainian and foreign cvs and elite forms were studied applying the methods of the primary strain inves-tigation and state strain testing in the small fruit patches planted in2012-2016 under the field conditions of the Northern part of the Ukraine’s Lisosteppe, namely: at the Institute of Horticulture NAAS of Ukraine. The varieties – standards were the Ukrainian Hercules, English Elegance, Dutch Elsanta and Italian Alba. As a result the new middle-ripening Ukraini-an cultivar Perlyna was selected as the best according to its signs. Perlyna was obtained by means of the intervarietal hybridization (cvs Present and Elsanta) sn 2004. The authors are V.V. Pavliuk, K. M. Kopan, V. H. Kopan. The berries ripe 2-3 days later than ’Elsanta’ and 2-3 days earlier than and ’Polka’. The bushes are high and vigour, not branchy, with firm high floriferous shoots and dark-green hardish leaves. Resistance to the leaves diseases is high. The berries are high marketable and large (the mass of average is 15 g, maximum 35 g), prolonged broad-conic, being ripe fully dark-red brilliant. The flesh is dense red aromatic of kind sour-sweet taste, in accordance with the multi-year data it contains 7.5 % of dry substances, 3.5 % of sugars, 0.95-1.0 % of organic acids as well as 0.440 mg of pectine substances and 45 mg of vitamin ’C ’ per 100 g of . Under the sufficient humid content the berries size exceeds that of ’Prysviata ’, ’Zenga Zengana’ and ’Polka ’. The yield is higher (18-20 t/ha) than that of the varieties ’Elsanta ’and ’Present ’ under the one-row planting ( 0.8x0.25 m). The cultivar is winter-hardy and drought- resistant. ’Perlyna’ is entered into the State Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for Dissemination in Ukraine. Certificate 181079 on the State Registration of the Plant Cultivar (December 4, 2018). Patent 190373 on the Plant Cultivar (April 12.2019).

scholarly journals Endophytic Fungi of Citrus Plants

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosario Nicoletti
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Citrus Species ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Symbiotic Interactions ◽  
Fruit Growing ◽  
Crop Cycle

Besides a diffuse research activity on drug discovery and biodiversity carried out in natural contexts, more recently, investigations concerning endophytic fungi have started considering their occurrence in crops based on the major role that these microorganisms have been recognized to play in plant protection and growth promotion. Fruit growing is particularly involved in this new wave, by reason that the pluriannual crop cycle likely implies a higher impact of these symbiotic interactions. Aspects concerning occurrence and effects of endophytic fungi associated with citrus species are revised in the present paper.

scholarly journals REGIONALIZATION AND FRUIT CROPS IN THE SOUTHERN REGION: USDA–ARS SOUTHERN HORTICULTURAL LABORATORY

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 890e-890
Author(s):  
J.M. Spiers
Keyword(s):  
Research Station ◽  
Regional Research ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Short History ◽  
Research Facility ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Small Fruit ◽  
History Of ◽  
Horticultural Research

The Southern Horticultural Laboratory evolved from the USDA Small Fruit Research Station located at Poplarville, MS. A short history of the research facility and present horticultural research directions will be discussed. Emphases will be on past and present cooperative regional research efforts in horticultural crops.

DIRECTIONS AND SUMMARIZED THE APPLE SELECTION

1970 ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Е. N. Sedov ◽  
T. V. Yanchuk ◽  
S. А. Korneeva
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Production Test ◽  
State Register ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Scab Immunity ◽  
Priority Task ◽  
State Test ◽  
Fruit Growing ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
High Production

Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding (VNIISPK) is the main supplier of new apple cultivars that meet high requirements of the up-to-date fruit-growing in the central part of Russia. By the present, 54 apple cultivars with different dates of fruit maturation have been developed at the Institute and included in the State Register of breeding achievements admitted for use. For the first time in Russia and in the world, a series of triploid apple cultivars have been released and included in the State Register. These cultivars are characterized by more regular fruiting by years, high marketable and consumer qualities of fruit and higher autogamy. More than 20 apple cultivars having scab immunity (Vf) have been developed. The first Russian scab immune cultivar Imrus is widely introduced into production. Triploid cultivars released at the Instiute and having immunity to scab deserve special attention. Five columnar apple cultivars Priokskoye, Poezia, Vostorg, Girlianda and Orlovskaya Yesenia have been developed for intensive and super intensive orchards and included in the State Register (zoned). A large interdisciplinary team of the Institute is working to create cultivars that meet high production requirements. The team of scientists includes breeders, biochemists, cytoembryologists, technologists for processing of fruits, physiologists, phytopathologists, agrochemists and staff of other specialties. The Institute is working on the problem of intensification and acceleration of the process, which makes it possible to reduce the period from hybridization to the transfer of the cultivar to the state test and its inclusion in the State Register (zoning). To do this, it is proposed that the originator institutions already lay small production test plots when the cultivar is transferred to the state test. The priority task of the Institute in the coming years is to create triploid columnar cultivars that are immune to scab.

scholarly journals «NEITHER BENDS NOR BREAKS…». THE ARCHITECT NIKOLAI MIKHAILOVICH BACHINSKY AND HIS DOCUMENTARY HERITAGE IN THE ARCHIVE OF THE STATE ACADEMY OF THE HISTORY OF MATERIAL CULTURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 187-200
Author(s):  
N. LAZAREVSKAYA ◽  
◽  
M. MEDVEDEVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
The State ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
History Of

In the 1920s–1930s the State Academy of the History of Material Culture, following in steps of the Imperial Archaeological Commission, continued active works in Central Asia. By the order of the Academy, the architect Nikolai Mikhailovich Bachinsky worked in Central Asia in the 1930s, but his name is barely mentioned in publications devoted to the Academy activities, and the materials he collected were published only partly. The Scholarly Archive of IHMC RAS stores documents relating to his research activity, manuscripts of papers and unique photographs of a number of Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan monuments taken in the late 1920s–1930s (fig. 3–6). The publication of these materials will allow to introduce into the scientific discourse the works of an authoritative architect and restorer, whose activity was highly esteemed by his contemporaries.

scholarly journals Scientific support of small fruit growing in Russia and prospects for its development

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-419
Author(s):  
I. M. Kulikov ◽  
S. M. Evdokimenko ◽  
T. A. Tumaeva ◽  
A. V. Kelina ◽  
F. F. Sazonov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Research ◽  
The State ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Research Institutions ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Federal Research ◽  
Small Fruit ◽  
Fruit Growing

It is possible to achieve the target indices of the Russian Doctrine of Food Security (self-sufficiency in fruits and berries should be at least 60 %) by combining the competencies of science and business. At present, hundreds of varieties of small fruit crops are included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements Admitted for Use. Domestic breeders have obtained substantial results; the share of their assortment is 79–100 %. Federal Research Center of Horticulture (Moscow) (101 pcs.), Federal Altai Research Center of Agrobiotechnology (Barnaul) (85 pcs.), Michurin Federal Research Center (Michurinsk) (42 pcs.) are the leaders in the number of created hybrids and varieties. Over the past five years, 133 new breeding achievements of traditional small fruit crops have been submitted to the State variety testing, the originators of which are research institutions, private companies and individuals. The creation of modern seed-breeding (nursery-breeding) centers (SBC) on the basis of leading specialized research institutions is expected to be the solution to the problems of modern breeding and nursery breeding and to give impetus to the development of domestic small fruit growing. The research programs of the SBC involve an integrated approach that combines the knowledge and capabilities of researchers from different disciplines, the concentration of a complex analytical instrument base in the Centers of collective use, the using of biotechnological and molecular genetic research, along with traditional methods of breeding. An analysis of the achievements in small fruit growing in research institutions under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation revealed a huge scientific potential (genetic collections, hybrid funds) for creating competitive commercial varieties and technologies for their cultivation by establishing plantations with certified planting material in accordance with international requirements. Information from literary sources indicates that one of the main criteria for the value of varieties is resistance to harmful viral diseases. The cultivation of such varieties will reduce the cost of producing planting material for small fruit crops of the highest quality categories. In the near future, the most relevant areas for the breeding of small fruit crops will be: breeding for resistance to the most harmful viruses, winter hardiness, increased transportability and long-term post-harvest storage of fruits, suitability for mechanized cultivation, high content of biologically active substances.

scholarly journals Endophytic Fungi of Citrus Plants

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosario Nicoletti
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Citrus Species ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Symbiotic Interactions ◽  
Fruit Growing ◽  
Crop Cycle

Besides a diffuse research activity on drug discovery and biodiversity carried out in natural contexts, more recently investigations concerning endophytic fungi have started considering their occurrence in crops based on the major role that these microorganisms have been recognized to play in plant protection and growth promotion. Fruit growing is particularly involved in this new wave, by reason that the pluriannual crop cycle implies a likely higher impact of these symbiotic interactions. Aspects concerning occurrence and effects of endophytic fungi associated with citrus species are revised in the present paper.

scholarly journals The first volume of “Рomology” “Аpple” has been reissued

2021 ◽  
pp. 125-127
Author(s):  
L. A. Gruner
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Past ◽  
State Register ◽  
Introductory Part ◽  
History Of ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The article presents information about the new book of the first volume of “Pomology”, prepared at VNIISPK with the participation of scientists from leading horticultural institutions of Russia under the general editorship of Academician E.N. Sedov and reissued at the end of 2020 with the financial support of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The new edition of the volume “Apple” includes more than 200 cultivars included in the State Register over the past 15 years, and about 100 cultivars are excluded. The structure of the book is described, in which there is a substantial introductory part that tells about the history of pomology as a science, its tasks, stages of formation and scientists who made the greatest contribution to its development. The description scheme of the cultivars presented in this volume is built according to a single plan, that allows to compare and test the cultivars. Each description, in addition, contains information about the institutions, in which the cultivars were created, their authors, years and regions of zoning. The main advantages and disadvantages of the described cultivars are indicated, and color photos of the fruits are provided. The book has a section on the origin and evolution of Malus Mill., provides information about the main genetic centers of the origin of the culture. The volume has 633 pages, it describes 400 apple cultivars, 28 clonal rootstocks of various growth strength and 5 intercalary rootstocks for apple trees included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements approved for use in the Russian Federation by 2020. The volume has a circulation of 300 copies. The book can be of value to all categories of readers interested in gardening, including scientists, students and postgraduates, as well as to gardeners-practitioners.

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