scholarly journals OPTIMALISASI PEMERINTAH DAERAH NAGAN RAYA DALAM MEMBERIKAN PEMAHAMAN KEPADA APARATUR GAMPONG MENGENAI UNDANG-UNDANG DESA

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nellis Mardhiah

The implementation of the law number 6 in 2014 to develop the potential of the Village. Robbins Relations Theory Approach may reflect the existence of laws that observed the social behavior of the readiness of local governments either internally or externally in the construction of village officials to develop a sustainable village development. The approach used survey research, the research subjects were the deepest areas of the districts are Tadu Raya, with in-depth interviews. The results showed that the government district of Nagan Raya district election Tadu Raya internally was ready to carry out training activities Gampong government management of the planning activities in preparation of the role and functions of the Village Community Empowerment Board (LPMG) suitable RPJMG and RKPG or APBG. But in terms of the implementation of the program at the village level is still weak education resources in the management of village officials in the Village. Understanding of the continuity in the government district of Nagan Raya has been optimized to BAPPEDA coordinate and implementation BPM for construction to government village in the entire region Nagan Raya district. Conclusion The district government has worked well, but on the other side of the empowerment of village officials in improving education and training need assistance and guidance on a regular basis from the local government level in order to achieve self-reliance in the success of sustainable development. And can optimize the ongoing duties and functions as LPMG regulations.Keywords: Optimization, Understanding, Administrative Village, Public Policy 

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Angger Hidayat ◽  
Myrza Rahmanita ◽  
Henky Hermantoro

Plempoh Cultural Tourism Village possesses a unique attraction such as natural resources and cultural heritage. Collaborating with the government, entrepreneurs, academicians and media, a group of tourism awareness called Pokdarwis Prabu Boko appears to be the central group behind every development of the Plempoh Cultural Tourism Village. However, previous research reveals that poverty still appears in this village, there is lack of community confidence and knowledge related to tourism; and lack of community participation in developing the village. This research aims to study the realization and the level of community empowerment in terms of economical, psychological, social and political aspect. This research used qualitative paradigm with descriptive method and purposive sampling technique. Data is collected using interview technique, observation and documentation. The data is then validated using source triangulation. The result shows that the community empowerment efforts undertaken by village stakeholders have not been optimal because some of the tourism village stakeholders still have not given strong commitment and they have not received trust from local communities. However, there are some evidence of community empowerment progress as follows: (1) the economic empowerment has now reached the fourth stage, namely support level. (2) the psychological empowerment is at the second stage, called reinforcement; (3) the social empowerment of the community is at its fifth stage, namely Maintenance, (4) the political empowerment is at the lowest level, namely possibility.


2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Rahmat ◽  
Ahmad Izzudin ◽  
Syahfudin Kudir

MENGUATKAN PEMBANGUNAN DESA BERKELANJUTAN: Perspektif Implementasi UU Desa No. 6 Tahun 2014 di Kabupaten Bantul Abstrak Fenomena kemiskinan merupakan persoalan komplek yang dalam satu dasawarsa terakhir belum rampung hingga usai. Kompleksitas kemiskinan menjadi salah satu penyebab, mengapa sudah 70 tahun Indonesia masih saja belum mampu menyelesaikan persoalan ini. Pada gilirannya, kemiskinan menjadi salah satu tujuan utama pembangunan di negeri ini. Berdasarkan fakta, kemiskinan di Indonesia, data yang dilansir oleh BPS (Mei, 2015) penduduk miskin mencapai 10,96 persen (27,3 juta jiwa) dengan prosesntasi sekitar 62,65 persen penduduk miskin berada di desa.Dengan begitu, kemiskinan di desa, khususnya di Kabupaten Bantul, harus menjadi prioritas utama dalam pembangunan. Desa harusnya menjadi salah satu sumber utama dalam menurunkan angka kemiskinan, tetapi faktanya desa masih saja dieksploitasi secara besar-besaran, sehingga menyebabkan limbahan air mata bagi warga desa karena harus mencari sumber nafkah lain. Berdasarkan fakta tersebut, maka penelitian ini akan menjawanb 2 (dua) persoalan mendasar, yaitu (1) apakah program pemberdayaan masyarakat desa berdampak pada sustainable livelihood bagi warga desa? (2) bagaimana advokasi perubahan kebijakan yang seharusnya diterapkan ketika melihat program dearah dan pusat yang memiliki tujuan sama terkait pemberdayaan masyarakat berbasis partisipatif? Manfaat hasil kajian ini secara regulasi agar tidak terjadinya dualisme kebijakan, sehingga pemerintah dapat memberikan solusi alternatif dalam pembangunan desa yang berkelanjutan. Dengan demikian masyarakat sebagai objek program dapat mengembangkan diri sebagai komunitas yang mandiri dan partisipatif. Hasil temuan dilapangan terhadap persoalan yang diajukan bahwa program pemberdayaan masyarakat desa yang dilakukan pemerintah masih saja terjadi ego-sektoral antar lini, baik pemerintah pusat maupun daerah. Faktanya, UU Desa yang meskinya menjadi dorongan untuk mengembangkan sumberdaya desa yang berkelanjutan, masih terjadinya beberapa tumpang tindih program, seperti Community Development Mengentaskan Kemiskinan (CDMK), tidak berbanding lurus dengan realitas masyarakat yang secara nyata dapat mengembangkan dirinya sendiri tanpa bantuan langsung program tersebut. Melihat fakta ini, maka harus adanya dorongan advokasi perubahan kebijakan yang lebih tepat sasaran, yaitu mendorong pemerintah agar program harus lebih ditekankan pada pro-job dan pro-growth untuk meningkatkan sisi produktifitas ekonomi masyarakat desa. Kata Kunci: Pembangunan Desa, Implementasi UU Desa, dan Sustainable Livilihood. Abstract The phenomenon of poverty is a complex issue that in the past decade has not been completed until the end. The complexity of poverty is one reason, why it has been 70 years Indonesia still has not been able to resolve this issue. In turn, poverty is one of the main goals of development in this country. Based on the fact, poverty in Indonesia, data reported by BPS of poor people reached 10.96 percent (27.3 million) with prosesntasi approximately 62.65 percent of the poor are in desa.Dengan so, the poverty in villages , especially in Bantul, should be a top priority in development. The village should be one of the main sources in reducing poverty, but the fact that the village is still being exploited on a large scale, causing tears cesspit for the villagers of having to look for other sources of income. Based on these facts, this research will menjawanb two (2) fundamental issues, namely (1) whether the rural community empowerment program impact on sustainable livelihood for the villagers? (2) how to advocate policy changes that should be applied when looking at local and central programs with common goals related to the empowerment of community-based participatory? Benefits results of this study are regulations to avoid the dualism policy, so that the government can provide an alternative solution tosustainable rural development. Thus the society as an object program can develop themselves as self-reliant communities and participatory. The findings of the issues raised in the field that the community empowerment program that the government is still happening ego inter-sectoral lines, both central and local governments. In fact, the Act Village meskinya be encouraged to develop resources sustainable village, still the occurrence of multiple overlapping programs, such as Community Development Alleviating Poverty (CDMK), is not directly proportional to the realities of society which obviously can develop themselves without the direct assistance of the program. Seeing this fact, it should be the impetus for advocating changes in policy more targeted, which is to encourage the government to allow the program to be more emphasis on pro-jobs and pro-growth to increase the economic productivity of rural communities. Keywords: Rural Development, Implementation of the Village Law, and the Sustainable Livilihood.  


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurwan Nurwan ◽  
Ali Hadara ◽  
La Batia

ABSTRAK: Inti pokok masalah dalam penelitian ini meliputi latar belakang gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna, Faktor-faktor yang mendorong gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna, proses gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna dan akibat gerakan sosial masyarakat Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna? Latar belakang gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba yaitu keadaan kampungnya yang hanya terdiri dari beberapa kepala keluarga tiap kampung dan jarak yang jauh masing-masing kampung membuat keadaan masyarakatnya sulit untuk berkomnikasi dan tiap kampung hanya terdiri dari lima sampai dengan tujuh kepala keluarga saja. Kampung ini letaknya paling timur pulau Muna terbentang dari ujung kota Raha sekarang sampai kampung Wakuru yang saat ini. Kondisi ini juga yang menjadi salah satu faktor penyebab kampung ini kurang berkembang baik dibidang ekonomi, sosial politik, pendidikan maupun di bidang kebudayaan. Keadaan ini diperparah lagi dengan sifat dan karakter penduduknya yang masih sangat primitif. Faktor yang mendorong adanya gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna adalah adanya ketidaksesuaian antara keinginan pemerintah setempat dan masyarakat yang mendiami Kampung Labaluba pada waktu itu. Sedangkan proses gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna bermula ketika pemerintah seolah memaksakan kehendaknya kepada rakyat yang menyebabkan rakyat tidak setuju dengan kebijakan tersebut. Akibat yang ditimbulkan dari adanya gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna terbagi dua yaitu akibat positif dan akibat negatif.Kata Kunci: Gerakan Sosial, Factor dan Dampaknya ABSTRACT: The main issues in this study include the background of the social movement of Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo Sub-District, Muna District, Factors that encourage social movements of Labaluba Kampung Sub-village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo Sub-District, Muna District, the social movement process of Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo Sub-District Muna Regency and due to Labaluba community social movements Kontumere Village Kabawo District Muna Regency? The background of the Labaluba Kampung community social movement is that the condition of the village consists of only a few heads of households per village and the distance of each village makes it difficult for the community to communicate and each village only consists of five to seven households. This village is located east of the island of Muna stretching from the edge of the city of Raha now to the current village of Wakuru. This condition is also one of the factors causing the village to be less developed in the economic, social political, educational and cultural fields. This situation is made worse by the very primitive nature and character of the population. The factor that motivated the existence of the social movement of Labaluba Village in Kontumere Village, Kabawo Subdistrict, Muna Regency was the mismatch between the wishes of the local government and the people who inhabited Labaluba Village at that time. While the process of social movements in Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo District, Muna Regency began when the government seemed to impose its will on the people, causing the people to disagree with the policy. The consequences arising from the existence of social movements in Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo District, Muna Regency are divided into two, namely positive and negative effects. Keywords: Social Movements, Factors and their Impacts


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-125
Author(s):  
Hasjad Hasjad

Development of village fund management is very much needed by the community so that it can be enjoyed by all levels of society in the villages. The seriousness of the government in developing villages is evidenced by the start of allocation of the Village Fund budget for 2015. The allocation of the Village Fund is mandated by Law (Law) Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages and Government Regulation (PP) Number 6 of 2014 concerning Village Funds Sourced from STATE BUDGET. The regulation explained that the administration of the village government adheres to the principle of decentralization and the task of assistance. The principle of decentralization raises village internal funding (Desa APBD), while the principle of co-administration provides an opportunity for Villages to obtain funding sources from the government above it (APBN, Provincial APBD, Regency / City APBD). This study aims to observe what the development of village funds looks like, how they are implemented and the impact of the use of village funds in supporting development activities and community empowerment. The research method used is a qualitative research method that relies on observing places, actors and activities in Konawe Selatan Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province, which was chosen as a case study. Initial observations show that the Village Fund does not have significant results in improving the welfare of the community. These indications are evident in the welfare of the community which has not improved with the existence of the village fund. Therefore it is necessary to develop a good management of village funds to improve the welfare of rural communities, especially in Konawe Selatan District. The output to be achieved is the scientific publication with ISSN Online and the level of technological Readiness that will be achieved 1-3.


Publika ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 323-334
Author(s):  
Rani Wahyuningsih ◽  
Galih Wahyu Pradana

Sektor pariwisata yang saat ini sedang banyak diminati masyarakat adalah konsep pariwisata pedesaan, seperti desa wisata. Di Gresik sendiri terdapat banyak sekali wisata yang dikembangkan oleh Pemerintah melalui Badan Usaha Milik Desa atau BUMDes seperti Desa Wisata Lontar Sewu di Desa Hendrosari. Berawal dari potensi desa yang apabila dikembangkan secara optimal dapat meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat sekitar sehingga mampu meningkatkan perekonomian masyakat Desa Hendrosari. Sebab itu perlu untuk dilakukan penelitian lebih jauh mengenai pentingnya pemberdayaan masyarakat. Sehingga penting untuk dilakukan pemberdayaan masyarakat dimana di Desa Hendrosari terdapat sumber daya alam yang mumpuni untuk dikelola sehingga jika dikelola lebih baik bisa untuk menambah pendapatan desa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan fokus penelitian menggunakan teori Pemberdayaan Masyarakat oleh Tim Delivery (Totok Mardikanto, 2013: 125-127). Karena pada awalnya dahulu desa hendrosari terkenal dengan desa penghasil minuman fermentasi sehingga konotasi dari Desa Hendrosari lebih ke arah negatif. Sehingga dengan adanya program kerja tersebut mampu mengubah image masyarakat tentang desa tersebut menjadi desa wisata. Masyarakat Desa Hendrosari mempunyai peran penting untuk melestarikan dan mengembangkan potensi yang ada seperti sumber daya alam dan sumber daya manusia. Sehingga mereka memiliki peran penting dalam tindakan pengambilan keputusan, mempengaruhi serta memberi manfaat bagi kondisi lingkungan yang ada disekitar. Pengelolaan yang baik menghasilkan tempat wisata yang dikenal dengan nama lontar sewu. Dengan adanya tempat wisata baru tersebut menghasilkan banyak pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui pengembangan desa wisata lontar sewu. Kata kunci :Lontar Sewu, Desa Hendrosari, Desa Wisata, Pemberdayaan Masyarakat,   The tourism sector which is currently in great demand by the public is the concept of rural tourism, such as a tourist village. In Gresik itself, there are lots of tours developed by the Government through Village-Owned Enterprises or BUMDes such as Lontar Sewu Tourism Village in Hendrosari Village. Starting from the potential of the village which, if developed optimally, can increase the income of the surrounding community so as to improve the economy of the Hendrosari Village community. Therefore it is necessary to conduct further research on the importance of community empowerment. So it is important to do community empowerment where in Hendrosari Village there are natural resources that are qualified to be managed so that if they are managed better they can increase village income. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach with a research focus using the theory of community empowerment by the delivery team (Totok Mardikanto, 2013: 125-127). Because in the beginning, Hendrosari Village was known as a village that produced fermented drinks, so the connotation of Hendrosari Village was more negative. So that the existence of this work program is able to change the image of the community about the village into a tourist village. The Hendrosari Village community has an important role to play in preserving and developing existing potentials such as natural and human resources. So that they have an important role in decision-making actions, influence and benefit the surrounding environmental conditions. Good management produces a tourist spot known as lontar sewu. With this new tourist spot, it has resulted in a lot of community empowerment through the development of the Lontar Sewu tourism village. Keywords :Lontar Sewu, Hendrosari Village, Tourism Village, Community Empowerment


Author(s):  
Eko Nur Surachman

The implementation of the fiscal decentralization concept in Indonesia has completed with the issuance of the Village Law and Village Fund Program. Nevertheless, some problems arose in the application. This study aims to map the issues and to build a relationship model based on institutional theory, using content analysis and triangle approach interviews. The study concludes that the Village Fund is profoundly affected by the coercive element that is sourced from the authority of the government to regulate and supervise the program. The coercive then influence the normative in which the regulation frame and strict implementation lead to the difficulties to fulfill the administrative requirements. It then affects the cognitive element on how to make sustain and executable planning of the Village Fund Program, which leads to poor planning, so that difficult to be executed. As it is mandatory, the program is still run improvised that makes the output utilization was low.         


2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Helmy Shoim Pramudyarto ◽  
Armaidy Armawi ◽  
Bagus Riyono

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to determined the leadership of Wawan Yuanda as a village chief in the community empowerment program through brick-making business and its implications for the the family economic resilience and to knew the obstacles faced in implementing community development programs such. This research was a descriptive model of mixed methods or mixed method using concurrent transformative strategies by collecting data at one stage / phase of the study and at the same time to got a description or picture of the social realities that existed in the community which was then used to analyzed the Village Chief of leadership in the community empowerment program and its implications on family economic resilience.The results showed that Wawan Yuanda as the village chief of Tumiyang Village had been successfully doing community empowerment program through making bricks. The success also had implications for villagers revenue thus increasing the economic resilience of the communities involved in the family business of making bricks.ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui kepemimpinan Wawan Yuanda sebagai kepala desa dalam program pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui usaha pembuatan batu bata serta implikasinya terhadap ketahanan ekonomi keluarga dan untuk mengetahui hambatan yang dihadapi dalam melaksanakan program pemberdayaan masyarakat tersebut..Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan model metode campuran atau mixed method dengan menggunakan Strategi Transformatif Konkuren dengan mengumpulkan data pada satu tahap/fase penelitian dan pada waktu yang sama untuk mendapatkan deskripsi atau gambaran dari realitas sosial yang ada di masyarakat yang kemudian untuk mengungkap tentang kepemimpinan Kepala Desa dalam program pemberdayaan masyarakat dan implikasinya terhadap ketahanan ekonomi keluarga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Wawan Yuanda selaku Kepala Desa Tumiyang telah berhasil melakukan program pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui usaha batu bata. Keberhasilan tersebut juga berimplikasi terhadap pendapatan masyarakat sehingga meningkatkan ketahanan ekonomi keluarga masyarakat yang terlibat dalam usaha pembuatan batu bata


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Diah Gustina ◽  
Ilham Adbullah ◽  
Sofino Sofino

This study aims to describe: (1) The formulation of the contents of the program of the University of Bengkulu Student Working Period 86 period in Tebat Monok Village 2018 Academic Year; (2) The form of community empowerment carried out as a realization of the 86th period of the University of Bengkulu Student Work Lecture program in Tebat Monok Village 2018 Academic Year; (3) Results of community empowerment carried out through the 86th period of the Bengkulu University Student Work Lecture in Tebat Monok Village 2018 Academic Year; (4) Role of Supervising Lecturers (DPL) in assisting the activities of the 86 Year University of Bengkulu University Real Work Period 2018 in Tebat Monok Village. This study used a qualitative approach to the research subjects of Students of the University of Bengkulu in the 86 86 2018 period in Tebat Monok Village the government of Tebat Monok village as a Lapanga Advisor, and University of Bengkulu P3KKN. Data collection is done by interviewing techniques and documentation. The technique used in data analysis is data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Triangulation is used to explain the validity of the data by using source triangulation, technique triangulation, and time triangulation. The results of the study show: (1) The process of formulating the program content is done by drafting the KKN student work program through the KKN workshop. (2) The form of implementation of community empowerment carried out is training in packaging techniques and product labeling. (3) The results of community empowerment are carried out, namely the fulfillment of the basic needs of the community of Tebat Monok Village in the field of Entrepreneurship. (4) The role of Field Advisors is to carry out their duties and functions in accordance with existing provisions, namely by holding orientation until giving objective values.  Keywords: Community Empowerment, Training, Family Welfare.  


Author(s):  
Sheilane S. Mendez ◽  
Jonathan O. Etcuban ◽  
Dunedene J. Dalagan ◽  
Hearty Sol R. Mañego ◽  
Grayfield T. Bajao ◽  
...  

Disasters are inevitable.  The island resorts in Malapascua Island, Daan Bantayan, Cebu, Philippines are vulnerable to natural risks such as typhoons and earthquake. In increasing disaster resilience, a model should be based on risk assessment results and be integrated with the strategic planning of the government and communities. It should consider risks and risk treatments across the social, built, economic and natural environments (Councils for Australian Governments, 2009). The study aimed to propose a disaster resiliency model for Malapascua Island, Daan Bantayan, Cebu, Philippines. The output of this study is a guide for the local community in case of natural disasters.  The descriptive survey method was utilized using a two survey questionnaires. The data regarding disaster preparedness in hotel resorts are gathered from the 80 respondents consists of the staff and managers of resorts in Malapascua Island, emergency rescue personnel, as well as the village officials of village Logon and municipal officials of Daan Bantayan, Cebu, Philippines.  Simple percentage and rank were used in the treatment of the data.  Results showed that island is vulnerable to risk and that devised plans for emergency disasters, hazard mitigation, and contingency are needed. The researchers recommended the use of the model. However, further research on its effectiveness should be conducted to confirm the preliminary findings.


AdBispreneur ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andi Munandar

ABSTRACTThe implementation of “business not as usual” on the MP3EI 2011 – 2015 was held to optimize the potential of regional commodities that can increase the regional values. This research was conducted to search for the potential of UMKM in developing the potential commodities of Lampung province. The problems related to the commodities development consists of setting up the potential commodities which as based on the production copacity, so that it is difficult for those local governments to stimulate the coomdities development.The research method was qualitative method and data collected through   literature reviews and analysis of competitive advantage. The results of the research were 1) there are high potential of UMKM development, 2)UMKM should be developed in accordance with the local culture and regional commodities, 3) UMKM plays an important role in solving the social problems such as creating employment, 4) the development of human resources, technology, capital, marketing, information and management plays an important role in the development micro business, 5) the natural resources, human resources, and the world market in the global era would be a high potential if it is designed and the initiation strategy consists of the government network, NGO, private institution, individual and groups, which is managed effectively. Keywords : strategy, business institutions, competitivve advantages   STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN DAN KEUNGGULAN BERSAING LEMBAGA BISNIS UMKM TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN DAERAH ABSTRAKPenerapan “business not as usual” pada MP3EI 2011-2025 dilakukan dengan menggali dan mengoptimalkan potensi unggulan daerah yang dapat memberikan nilai tambah bagi daerah tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji potensi Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) dalam mengembangkan komoditas unggulan di Provinsi Lampung. Permasalahan terkait dengan pengembangan komoditas unggulan yang hanya didasarkan pada kapasitas produksi, sehingga menyulitkan bagi pemerintah daerah untuk menstimulir pengembangan komoditas unggulannya.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif  dan data yang dikumpulkan melalui studi literatur dan analisis keunggulan bersaing. Hasil penelitian adalah, Pertama; potensi pengembangan UMKM di daerah sangat besar. Kedua, pengembangan UMKM harus dilaksanakan sesuai dengan budaya lokal dan potensi yang dimiliki oleh daerah yang bersangkutan. Ketiga, sektor UMKM ini sangat berperan dalam menanggulangi masalah sosial di daerah dengan penyerapan tenaga kerja yang sangat tinggi. Keempat, peranan peningkatan SDM, pemanfaatan teknologi, akses permodalan, akses pemasaran, akses informasi, dan manajemen sangat penting dalam mengembangkan usaha mikro. Kelima; Sumber daya alam dan sumber daya manusia serta pasar dunia  yang semakin terbuka pada era global merupakan potensi  besar jika disain dan strategi replikasi yang meliputi kerjasama jaringan (network) pemerintah, LSM, lembaga swasta dan individu maupun kelompok dikelola secara efektif dalam bentuk kemitraan. Kata kunci :strategi,lembaga bisnis, keunggulan bersaing,


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