scholarly journals Factores de riesgo suicida en población adolescente

Author(s):  
Beatriz Mabel Pacheco-Amigo ◽  
Rómulo Enrique Troncoso-Pacheco

Objectives: The objective of the research is to analyze posthumous letters that allow describing thoughts oriented to the child's adaptability deficit, identifying the most common risk factors presented in adolescents. Methodology: The paradigm used is through a quali-quantitative approach - mixed approach and non-experimental design, through a cross-sectional study that allowed establishing the prevalence of frequencies of risk indicators. The sample consisted of posthumous letters from five adolescents who accentuated the suicidal act with an average age of 14 years and 8 months, in the year 2020. For this reason, the sample was of intentionality characteristics, integrating the categories of the posthumous letters allowing establish theoretical conceptions and practical implications, evaluating them by contextual analysis through Python programming phase and Matplotlib libraries. Contribution: One of the main contributions of the research is to address the risk factors of adolescents from posthumous letters in order to establish mental health intervention guidelines for the prevention of suicidal acts in minors.

Author(s):  
Supa Pengpid ◽  
Karl Peltzer

Abstract Background Globally non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are on the increase. The goal of the study was to estimate the prevalence and correlates of multiple behavioural risk factors of NCDs among university students from 24 countries. Methods In a cross-sectional study, the sample included 18 017 university students from countries in Africa, the Americas and Asia. Results indicate that prevalence of single behavioural NCD risk indicators were 38.2% for physical inactivity, 80.5% for inadequate fruit and vegetables intake, 23.1% for having overweight/obesity, 10.5% for heavy alcohol use and 11.8% for current tobacco use. Students had on average 1.6 (SD = 0.9), and 15.9% had three or more behavioural NCD risk factors. In adjusted linear regression, male sex was positively and stronger beliefs in health benefits were negatively associated with multiple behavioural NCD risk factors. Conclusions A high prevalence and co-occurrence of behavioural risk factors of NCDs was discovered. Several behavioural NCD risk factors, such as male sex and low health behaviour benefits beliefs, were found that could be utilized in targeted interventions.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Michael Lynge Pedersen

Objective: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) may develop slowly with few symptoms and may remain undetected for many years, leading to severe complications that potentially could have been prevented with timely diagnosis and treatment. Undiagnosed diabetes has been reported high in Greenland. However, awareness and knowledges about diabetes in the general population remains unexplored.Methods: This study was performed as an observational cross sectional study based on telephone interview among a random sample of Greenlanders. The interview was performed in Greenlandic or Danish according to participant’ preference and included information about age, gender, place of birth, place of residence, medical history of diabetes, awareness of the diabetes, risk factors, symptoms, complications, and local possibilities to get tested for diabetes.Results: In total, telephone contact was established with 196 adults. Of those, 161 participants completed the interview while 35 were unwilling to participate in the interview corresponding to a response rate of 82% (161/196). The majority of responders, 85.7%, were aware of diabetes and local testing possibilities. However, only around 65% were aware of risk factors of diabetes. Also, the knowledge about common symptoms of diabetes was quite low, around 50%, and in particular low, around 40%, among males and inhabitants in settlements.Conclusions: The vast majority of the population was aware of diabetes. However, the present study revealed shortage of knowledge of common risk factors, symptoms, and complications to diabetes. This is challenging the effort to prevent diabetes and new alternative information strategies are needed. Furthermore, the shortage of knowledges of risk factors may not be isolated to diabetes and further studies on health literacy in Greenland are recommended.


2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1374
Author(s):  
Ana Lucia Becker Vieira Billig ◽  
Maria Claudia Irigoyen ◽  
Silvia Goldmeier

ABSTRACTObjective: to identify the prevalence of hypertension and risk factors (RF) associated in nurses and nursing technicians in a general hospital, combining the results of the professions, shifts and working places. Methodology: this is about a cross-sectional study with two hundred professionals. It was applied a structured questionnaire, measure the stress (ISMA) and the measurements of BP, BMI and WC. Results: the mean age was 32,9 ± 8,9 , females 85.5%, white 91.5% and hypertension of 34%. For the multivariate model, factors associated with hypertension were the night shift, the age, the sex, the obesity, and the nursing profession. Conclusion: a rolling program of health education and a institution’s policy focused on prevention of risk factors should be adopted. For being a young population more sensitive as other measures of HRV measure is needed to refine results to be adopted by the institution because it is a young population and more sensitive measures of HRV as a measure is needed to refine results. Descriptors: hypertension; risk factors; nursing team.RESUMOObjetivo: identificar a prevalência de HAS e fatores de riscos (FR) associados em enfermeiros e técnicos de enfermagem em um Hospital geral, associando os resultados entre as profissões, turnos e locais de trabalho. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo transversal com duzentos profissionais de enfermagem. Foi aplicado um questionário estruturado além de um inquérito para mensurar o stress (ISMA), a PA, o IMC e a CC. Resultados: a idade foi de 32,9 ± 8,9, do sexo feminino 85,5%, raça branca 91,5% e a HAS foi de 34%. Pelo modelo multivariado, o turno noturno, a idade,o sexo, a obesidade e os enfermeiros estavam associados com hipertensão. Conclusão: um programa continuado de educação em saúde e uma política da instituição enfocando a prevenção aos fatores de risco deverá ser adotada. Por tratar-se de uma população jovem outras medidas mais sensíveis como medida da VFC são necessárias para refinar resultados. Descritores: hipertensão; fatores de risco; equipe de enfermagem.RESUMENObjetivos: determinar la prevalencia de la hipertensión y factores de riesgo (FR) asociados en enfermeros y profesionales de enfermería en un Hospital General, combinando los resultados entre las profesiones, los turnos y lugares de trabajo. Metodología: estudio transversal compuesto de dos centenares de profesionales. Se aplicó un cuestionario estructurado, una encuesta para medir el estrés (ISMA) y la medición de la PA, el IMC y la CC. Resultados: edade 32,9 ± 8,9 mujeres (85,5%), los blancos (91,5%) y la HAS del 34%. Para el modelo multivariado, los factores asociados con la hipertensión fueron el turno de la noche, la edad, el sexo, la obesidad y la profesión de enfermero. Conclusión: un programa permanente de educación para la salud y una política de la institución dirigida a la prevención de factores de riesgo ha de ser adoptada. Por ser una población joven, otras medidas más sensibles de medida como la VFC se necesita para perfeccionar los resultados. Descriptores: hipertensión arterial; factores de riesgo; equipo de enfermería.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
Sharmin Akter Luna ◽  
Jakia Sultana ◽  
Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
Afroza Begum ◽  
Md Habibur Rahman ◽  
...  

Background: Acute kidney injury can occur among the younger children due to different reasons. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to find out the risk factors and primary disease responsible for acute kidney injury among younger children. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Paediatric Nephrology with the collaboration of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Paediatric Neurology, Paediatric Neonatology and Microbiology and Immunology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from May 2018 to July 2019 for a period of one year. Patients with the age group of 1 month to 17 years who were at risk of AKI, and admitted in the inpatient department of Pediatrics and allied at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib University, Dhaka, Bangladesh in both sexes were selected as study population. To detect AKI, serum creatinine was measured at 0 h (baseline), 48 h and 5th day respectively. Result: A total number of 42 patients, who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. The risk factors of AKI was mainly pre renal in 60% (n=9) cases, mostly due to nephrotoxic drugs followed by hypovolemia. Renal causes were in 40% (n=6) cases. Among these 50% cases due to amikacin and 50% cases due to use of radiocontrast agent. Most patients were with renal disease which was 30(58%) cases. Among them 28(93.0%) cases were nephrotic syndrome and 2(7.0%) cases were hydronephrosis. However, 7(13%) cases were cardiac disease presented with congenital heart disease who used radiocontrast agent. Conclusion: In conclusion most common risk factors of acute kidney injury among younger children is pre-renal causes which are due to nephrotoxic drugs. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2021, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 42-46


2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (02) ◽  
pp. 277-281
Author(s):  
Ayesha Anwer ◽  
Majid Kaleem ◽  
Hassan Abbas ◽  
Asif Hanif

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the importance ofindividual IHD risk factors and major components of the metabolic syndrome associated withIHD. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Setting: Cardiology Department ofGulab Devi Chest Hospital Lahore. Period: Nov, 2015 to Feb, 2016. Methodology: Patientsof either gender and from 20 to 90 year of age admitted with IHD via emergency departmentwere recruited after informed consent. The frequency of metabolic syndrome was evaluated inthese patients. In addition the individual component of metabolic syndrome as risk factor of IHDwas calculated. The data was analysed by using the SPSS version.16. Results: The metabolicsyndrome present in 44.67%of IHD patients and more prevalent in men 52% than in women48%. Total of 150 patients of IHD studied with both gender as male 94(63.33%) vs female 55(36.67%). The most common risk factor of metabolic syndrome for IHD was high blood pressurepresent in 75% of patients followed by diabetes in 50%, abdominal obesity 40.67%, low HDL42.67% and high TG in 32%. Conclusion: The metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent amongIHD patients especially in men. The most common risk factors are hypertension and diabetes.


1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 2993-3000
Author(s):  
Ayokunle Osonuga ◽  
Martins Ekor

Background: Menstrual pain is one of the common gynaecological presentations of women of reproductive age to health care physicians. In Ghana, there exist a paucity of research on the risk factors of dysmenorrhea among older females.Objectives: Very few studies in Ghana have addressed the risk factors for severe dysmenorrhea among University students. This study aims to identify the common risk factors and associated symptoms of menstrual pain which have been previously not caught the attention of researchers in Ghana. Methodology: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study involving to two hundred female undergraduate students of the University of Cape Coast (UCC), Ghana. Data collected and analysed using standardized and acceptable statistical tools. Verbal multidimensional scoring system for assessment of dysmenorrhoea severity was used in this study to assess the severity of dysmenorrhoeaResults: More than half (57.3%) of the respondents having pain beginning within the first two days of their menses. The common risk factors that predicted severity of dysmenorrhea (p<0.05) were quantity of menstrual flow and family history of menstrual pain. The common symptoms that accompanied dysmenorrhea were tiredness, loss of appetite, backache, dizziness, diarrhoea and mood changes (p<0.05).Conclusion: Dysmenorrhea is a serious public health problem which can be incapacitating. We advocate for more attention to reduce the burden of its negative consequences.Keywords: Dysmenorrhea, Ghana, risk factors, burden. 


PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Machado ◽  
João Botelho ◽  
António Amaral ◽  
Luís Proença ◽  
Ricardo Alves ◽  
...  

Objectives To assess the prevalence and extent of chronic periodontitis, and its risk factors in a Portuguese subpopulation referred to periodontal examination. Methods This retrospective cross-sectional study used a subset of data from patients who sought dental treatment in a university dental clinic in the Lisbon metropolitan area. The sample consisted of 405 individuals (225 females/180 males), aged 20–90 years. All patients underwent a full-mouth periodontal examination and chronic periodontitis was defined as Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL) ≥ 3 mm affecting two or more teeth. Aggressive periodontitis cases were excluded from the analysis. Results Prevalence of chronic periodontitis was 83.5% (95% CI [80.4–86.6%]). For these subjects, CAL ≥ 3 mm affected 86.0% (95% CI [84.7–87.2]) of sites and 83.7% (95% CI [81.7–85.6]) of teeth, respectively. Mean CAL ranged from 3.6 to 4.3 mm, according to age. In the multivariate logistic regression model, smoking (OR = 3.55, 95% CI [1.80–7.02]) and older age (OR = 8.70, 95% CI [3.66–20.69] and OR = 4.85, 95% CI [2.57–9.16]), for 65+ and 45–64 years old, respectively, were identified as risk indicators for CAL ≥ 3 mm. Conclusions This particular Portuguese adult subpopulation had a high prevalence of chronic periodontitis, with severe and generalized clinical attachment loss, and its presence was significantly associated with age and smoking. This data should serve to prepare future detailed epidemiological studies and appropriate public health programs.


2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Laura Inés Plata-Casas

Objetivo: describir los factores de riesgo asociados a la no adherencia al tratamiento en los pacientes adscritos al programa de tuberculosis en el Municipio de Villavicencio, cohorte 2012. Materiales y Métodos: se ha realizado un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal con enfoque cuantitativo.  Se obtuvieron datos de caracterización sociodemográfica sobre factores de riesgo de personas que abandonaron el tratamiento para la enfermedad- cohorte 2012- mediante la aplicación de un instrumento diseñado por el investigador y revisado por expertos.  Los datos fueron tabulados y analizados mediante la herramienta Microsoft Excel® 2007 y Epi-info 7.0. Resultados: el 75% de los pacientes pertenecen al género masculino; el promedio de edad es de 30 años, el 63% pertenecen al régimen subsidiado de salud. Las principales causas de abandono fueron: efectos adversos a los medicamentos (58%), inadecuada atención del personal de salud (43%), dificultad de acceso al servicio (32%). Los factores sociales encontrados fueron hacinamiento 67% y desempleo 62%. Conclusiones: algunos factores no modificables como la edad y  el  género, así como factores modificables como estilos de vida inadecuados y efectos adversos; cuyo control mejoraría el cumplimiento; contribuyen al abandono del tratamiento. Las variables psicológicas y sociales deben ser evaluadas para que se conviertan en  predictores de probables abandonos o irregularidades en el tratamiento antituberculoso. PALABRAS CLAVE: mycobacterium tuberculosis, negativa del paciente al tratamiento, tuberculosis.Factors associated with non-adherence to anti-tuberculosis treatmentABSTRACT  Goal: to describe the risk factors associated with non-adherence to the treatment in patients enrolled in the tuberculosis program in Villavicencio city, cohort 2012. Materials and Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study with quantitative approach. Socio-demographic data and characterization of risk factors for people who discontinued treatment for the disease. Datawere obtained by applying 2012 cohort instrument designed by the researcher and reviewed by experts.  Data were tabulated and analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2007 and Epi-info 7.0 tool. Results: 75% of patients are male; the average age is 30 years, 63% of them belong to the subsidized health system. The main causes of abandonment were: adverse effects to medicines (58%),an  inadequate  health staff care (43%),some  difficulties to access to the service (32%). The social factors were overcrowding found 67% and 62% unemployment. Conclusions: non-modifiable factors such as age and gender, as well as modifiable factors such as inadequate lifestyle and adverse effects; People in charge of the control would improve compliance; contribute to cessation of therapy. The psychological and social variables should be evaluated to become predictors of probable dropouts or irregularities in TB treatment.KEY WORDS: mycobacterium tuberculosis, the patient refused treatment, tuberculosis. Fatores associados à não-adesão ao tratamento anti-tuberculose  RESUMO Objetivo: descrever os fatores de risco associados à não-adesão ao tratamento em participar do programa de tuberculose na cidade de Villavicencio paciente coorte de 2012. Materiais e Métodos: um estudo descritivo transversal, com abordagem quantitativa. dados sócio-demográficos e caracterização dos fatores de risco para as pessoas que interromperam o tratamento para a doença foram obtidos através da aplicação de coorte 2012 instrumento concebido pelo investigador e revisados por especialistas. Os dados foram tabulados e analisados usando o Microsoft Excel 2007 e Epi-info 7.0 ferramenta. Resultados: 75% dos pacientes são masculinos; a média de idade é de 30 anos, 63% pertencem ao sistema de saúde subsidiado. As principais causas de abandono foram: efeitos adversos a medicamentos (58%), profissionais de saúde inadequada (43%), dificuldade de acesso ao serviço (32%). Os fatores sociais foram encontrados superlotação 67% e% de desemprego 62. Conclusões: os fatores não modificáveis, como idade e sexo, bem como fatores modificáveis, tais como estilos de vida inadequados e efeitos adversos; cujo controle seria melhorar o cumprimento; contribuir para a interrupção da terapia. variáveis psicológicas e sociais devem ser avaliados para se tornar preditores de abandono prováveis ou irregularidades no tratamento da TB.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: mycobacterium tuberculosis, o paciente recusou o tratamento, a tuberculose.


2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Marina Sánchez-Sanabria ◽  
Javier Galindo-Ospino

Objetivo: determinar  los factores de riesgo que afectan la calidad de vida  que asumen en  el cuidado de la salud los habitantes del área urbana de Valledupar, para los estratos socioeconómicos  1, 2 y 3 de la comuna tres. Materiales y Métodos: estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal;   muestra conformada por 68 de 127 familias y 31 representantes comunitarios; aplicándoseles encuesta sobre aspectos sociodemográficos, condición de vida, cuidado de la salud,  y lista de chequeo para  situaciones higiénico sanitarias de 54 expendios de alimentos distribuidos proporcionalmente. Resultados: se identificaron como los principales factores de riesgo un 41% de formación técnica,  23% de  mujeres desde  los once años de edad, son amas de casa  formando pareja a temprana edad y 8.8% embarazadas,  83.8% no alcanzan sus ingresos para sostenimiento, 57% de  mujeres no practican autoexamen de mama en el último año y 26.5% no  practican examen citológico, 76% de hombres no hacen exámen de próstata, 70% de mujeres  con deficiente  manejo de lactancia materna exclusiva y alimentación complementaria,  50% no llevan perros al control veterinario y 69%  dejan hacer sus  necesidades a campo abierto, 49% de expendios de alimentos no cumplen con la infraestructura, manejo higiénico sanitario y  de bioseguridad. Conclusión: se aprecian comportamientos negativos en el autocuidado de la salud sexual y  reproductiva, deficiente manejo de  la lactancia materna y alimentación complementaria, con el cuidado de animales domésticos y precarias prácticas higiénico sanitarias en expendios de alimentos, que deben ser reconsiderados para potenciar estilos de vida saludables.PALABRAS CLAVE: autocuidado, conducta de riesgo,  estilo de vida. Risks in the health care of the families of Valledupar ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the main risk factors that affect the quality of life assumed in health care by the residents from the urban area of Valledupar, for the socioeconomic strata 1, 2 and 3 from the third commune. Materials and Methods: quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study; sample consisted of 68 127 families and 31 community representatives; Survey administered based on sociodemographic aspects, living conditions, health care, and checklist for sanitary and hygienic conditions of 54 proportionately distributed food outlets. Results: the resuts show as the main risk factors, 41% of technical training, 23% of women from eleven years of age are housewives forming couples at an early age and 8.8% pregnant, 83.8% do not have the income to support themselves, 57% of women have not practice breast self-examination since last year and 26.5% without cytological examination, 76% of men do not have their prostate checked, 70% of women with poor exclusive maternal breast-feeding management and supplementary feeding, 50% do not take dogs for veterinary control and 69% leave them to do their business in the open field, 49% of food establishments do not comply with the infrastructure, sanitary hygienic handling and biosafety. Conclusion: negative behaviors are seen in self care of sexual health and reproductive health, poor breast  and supplementary feeding management, taking care of pets and poor hygienic and sanitation practises in food establishments, which should be reconsidered to enhance healthy lifestyles.KEY WORDS: self-care, risk taking, lifestyle. Riscos na saúde das famílias de Valledupar RESUMOObjetivo: identificar os principais fatores de risco que afetam a qualidade de vida que assumem nos residentes de cuidados de saúde da área urbana de Valledupar, por estratos socioeconômicos 1, 2 e 3 da comuna três. Materiais e Métodos: descritiva Quantitativa, estudo, transversal; amostra foi constituída por 68 127 famílias e 31 representantes da comunidade, pesquisa aplicada a eles aspectos sociodemográficos, condições de vida, saúde, e lista de verificação para as condições de saúde e higiene distribuídos proporcionalmente 54 estabelecimentos de comida. Resultados: foram identificados como os principais fatores de risco de 41% da formação técnica, 23% das mulheres desde tenra idade, são donas de casa e como um par, e 8,8% de mulheres grávidas, 83,8% com apoio insuficiente, 57% das mulheres não praticam o auto-exame da mama no ano passado, e 26,5% sem exame citológico, 76% dos homens não exame de próstata, 70% das mulheres com má gestão da amamentação exclusiva ea alimentação complementar, 50% não carregam cães de controlo veterinário e 69% deixam aliviar a campo aberto, 49% dos estabelecimentos alimentares não conformes com a infra-estrutura, manuseio higiênico sanitária e biossegurança. Conclusão: comportamentos negativos são vistos em auto-cuidado da saúde sexual e da saúde reprodutiva, a má gestão com a amamentação e alimentação complementar, cuidar de animais de estimação e pobres práticas de higiene saneamento nos estabelecimentos alimentares, que deve ser reconsiderada para melhorar estilos estilos de vida saudáveis.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: autocuidado, assunção de riscos, estilo de vida.


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