scholarly journals The rendement of boiled water extract of mature leaves of mangrove Sonneratia alba

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Toar Waraney Senduk ◽  
Lita A. D. Y. Montolalu ◽  
Verly Dotulong
Keyword(s):  
Water Extract ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Water Solvent ◽  
Sonneratia Alba ◽  
Bioactive Content ◽  
Boiled Water

Sonneratia alba is a mangrove that is found in North Sulawesi and has been known to contain bioactive substances through researches. Rendement is the ratio of the dry weight of the extract to the amount of the raw material. Rendement value is related to the amount of bioactive content contained. The higher the rendement, the higher the bioactive componds contain in sample. The purpose of this study was to obtain the rendement value of Sonneratia alba leaves extract taken from Wori Village, North Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province which was extracted using the infundation method with extraction time of 10 minutes, 20 minutes, 30 minutes, 40 minutes, 50 minutes at boiling water solvent. Sample comparison of 50 gr : 3000 mL solvent (1:60 w / v). The results showed the lowest rendement in the 10 minutes treatment was 18.34% and the highest was in the 50 minutes treatment 29.76%. The rendement of leaves extract of this study has the possibility of qualitatively containing bioactive compounds that can act as antibacterial and antioxidant. Overall, it can be concluded that the extraction time affects the rendement, where the longer the extraction time, the higher the rendement.Key words: Rendement, Sonneratia alba, old leaf, infundation AbstrakSonneratia alba merupakan salah satu jenis mangrove yang banyak di temukan di Sulawesi Utara dan sudah dikenal mengandung zat-zat bioaktif melalui hasil-hasil penelitian. Rendemen adalah perbandingan berat kering ekstrak dengan jumlah bahan baku. Nilai rendemen berkaitan dengan banyaknya kandungan bioaktif yang terkandung. Semakin tinggi rendemen maka semakin tinggi kandungan zat yang tertarik ada pada suatu bahan baku. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan rendemen ekstrak daun tua Sonneratia alba yang diambil dari Desa Wori, Kabupaten Minahasa Utara, Provinsi Sulawesi Utara yang diesktrak menggunakan metode infundasi dengan waktu ekstraksi yaitu 10 menit, 20 menit, 30 menit, 40 menit, 50 menit pada pelarut air mendidih. Perbandingan sampel 50 gr : 3000 mL pelarut (1:60 b/v). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai rendemen terendah pada perlakuan 10 menit yakni 18,34% dan tertinggi pada perlakuan 50 menit 29,76%. Rendemen ekstrak daun tua penelitian ini memiliki kemungkinan secara kualitatif mengandung senyawa bioaktif yang dapat berperan sebagai antibakteri dan antioksidan. Secara keseluruhan disimpulkan bahwa lama waktu ekstraksi berpengaruh terhadap rendemen, dimana semakin lama waktu ekstraksi maka semakin tinggi rendemen.Kata kunci : Rendemen, Sonneratia alba, daun tua, infundasi

Optimization of Microwave Extraction Process by Response Surface Methodology of Flavonoids from Tussilago farfara L.

2013 ◽  
Vol 763 ◽  
pp. 246-249
Author(s):  
Xiao Song ◽  
Peng Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Microwave Power ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Microwave Extraction ◽  
Water Solvent ◽  
Tussilago Farfara ◽  
Optimum Extraction

Flavonoids from Tussilago farfara L. was extracted with the assistance of microwave.Box-Behnken design (BBD) was employed to optimize extraction time; microwave power and ratio of water to raw material to obtain a high flavonoids yield.The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: 73.3% ethanol-water solvent, time 16.25 min and ratio of solvent to raw material 36.2ml/g.The yield of flavonoids was 11.37% based on the above mentioned conditions.

Research on Biochemical Materials with Optimization of Microwave Extraction Process by Response Surface Methodology of Flavonoids from Platycarya strobi lacea sieb.et zucc.

2014 ◽  
Vol 1014 ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
Xiao Song ◽  
Peng Zhao ◽  
Qing Hua Meng ◽  
Zhi Shu Tang ◽  
Chang Li Wang
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Microwave Power ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Microwave Extraction ◽  
Water Solvent ◽  
Optimum Extraction

Flavonoids from Platycarya Strobi lacea Sieb.et Zucc. was extracted with the assistance of microwave.Box-Behnken design (BBD) was employed to optimize extraction time; microwave power and ratio of solvent to raw material to obtain a high flavonoids yield. The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: 65.32% ethanol-water solvent, time 3.96 min and ratio of solvent to raw material 20.8 ml/g.The yield of flavonoids was 3.41% based on the above mentioned conditions.

scholarly journals Experimental Determination of Biologically Active Compounds in Pomace of Siberian Beet and Carrot

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-187
Author(s):  
Anastasia Kozhemayko ◽  
Irina Sergeeva ◽  
Irina Dolgolyuk
Keyword(s):  
Functional Food ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Industrial Processing

Introduction. With the development of the food and processing industry, the matter of environmental pollution is becoming more and more acute. Environmental protection is based on the principle of rational use of natural resources and sustainable technology. Vegetable pomace is a secondary raw material; its amount depends on the production technology and equipment. The observed positive trend in the gross harvest of vegetables in open ground can increase the number of vegetable processing enterprises and the capacity of existing enterprises. Eventually, waste will start accumulating at processing sites, and it will have to be used as raw materials. The present paper features the content of biologically active substances in pomace of carrots and beets grown on the territory of the Siberian region and introduces options for their further use in functional foods. Study objects and methods. The research featured carrot pomace of the varieties Losinoostrovskaya, Nantskaya, and Queen of Autumn, as well as beet pomace of varieties Cylinder and Bordeaux. All the samples were harvested in the Kemerovo region in 2019. Determination of physical and chemical parameters was carried out using standard methods. Carotenoids, flavonoids, β-cyanine were studied using spectrometry and photocolorimetric method. Results and discussion. The experiment featured the content of bioactive substances in pomace of carrots and beets obtained during industrial processing. The content of carotenoids in carrots (mg of β-carotene per 100 g of dry weight): for Losinoostrovskaya variety – 23.56 ± 0.23; Nantskaya – 25.32 ± 0.18; Queen of Autumn – 20.78 ± 0.25. Flavonoid content (mg of catechol equivalent per 100 g of dry weight): Losinoostrovskaya – 12.02 ± 0.37; Nantskaya – 13.45 ± 0.56; Queen of Autumn – 11.50 ± 0.48. The content of β-cyanine in beets (mg per 100 g of dry weight): Cylinder – 100.0 ± 8.5; Bordeaux – 35.0 ± 1.8. The nutritional value of carrot and beet pomace with a mass fraction of moisture was 10%. The nutritional value of vegetable pomace is due to the high content of dietary fiber; therefore, the raw materials can be considered for functional food production. The content of biologically active substances in vegetable pomace (flavonoids, carotenoids, β-cyanines) can enhance the functional orientation of this secondary raw material when used in food technologies for the production of food of high nutritional value. Conclusion. The results obtained will make it possible to use the biochemical potential of plant raw materials in many aspects, as well as to obtain new functional food products, thereby expanding the range of healthy foods.

PERAN AIR REBUSAN DAUN SALAM (SYZGIUM POLYANTHUM) DALAM MENURUNKAN KADAR ASAM URAT

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
Miftafu Darussalam ◽  
Dwi Kartika Rukmi
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Vascular Inflammation ◽  
Vascular Lesion ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Boiled Water

Background: Uric acid is a final product or a waste that is resulted from the metabolism of purines. A high level of uric acid (hyperuricemia) will cause several health problems, such as vascular inflammation, smooth muscle proliferation, and vascular lesion in kidneys. The syzygium polyanthum leaves contain bioactive substances that may affect the level of uric acid in blood. Objective: This study aimed to determine the influence of boiled water of syzygium polyanthum leaves to the changes of uric acid levels in the target area of Puskesmas Pandak 1 Bantul. Methods: This study employed pre- and post-test without control group design. The population consisted of all patients with hyperuricemia in the target area of Puskesmas Pandak 1 Bantul. Sample was selected with a concecutive sampling, gaining a total number of 24 respondents. Data were analyzed with the Wilcoxon test. The dose of boiled water of syzygium polyanthum leaves intake was 0.36g/ KgBW, once a day for 14 days. Result: This research showed that the boiled water of syzygium polyanthum leaves decreased hyperuricemia (uric acid levels), along with the significancy value of 0.009 (p <0.05). At the pre-test time, the average level of uric acid reached 7.279 mg/dl, and after the treatment, it decreased to 6.76 mg/dl. Conclusion: This study has established evidence that the boiled water of syzygium polyanthum leaves is able to decrease hyperuricemia (uric acid level in blood). Keywords: syzygium polyanthum, boiled water of syzygium polyanthum leaves, hyperuricemia

Wastewater Treatment Using Marine Algae Biomass as Pollutants Removal

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1089-1098
Author(s):  
Elena Suzana Biris Dorhoi ◽  
Maria Tofana ◽  
Simona Maria Chis ◽  
Carmen Elena Lupu ◽  
Ticuta Negreanu Pirjol
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Marine Algae ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Ulva Lactuca ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Algae Biomass ◽  
Marine Biomass ◽  
Pollutants Removal

The valorification of the marine biomass is an important resource for many industries like pharmaceutical, supplying raw material for the extraction of bioactive substances (vitamins, sterols and collagen), cosmetics, biofertilizers and wastewater treatment. In the last years a special attention has been given to the use of macroalgae. The aim of this study was to emphasize the capacity of two representative green algae species frequent presents on the Romanian shore, Ulva lactuca (L.) and Cladophora vagabunda (L.) Hoek, to remove two usual detergents from wastewater. The green algae washed, dried at room temperature, macerated to powder were introduced into different filter paper for comparison, then immersed in waste water treated with different concentrations of detergents. Tap water was used for the experiment. The results show that Ulva lactuca (L.) species is suitable than Cladophora vagabunda (L.) Hoek species, for wastewater treatment.

Microwave Assisted Multi-Stage Countercurrent Extraction of Dihydromyricetin from Ampelopsis grossedentataa

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Cheng Zheng ◽  
Jian Zhao ◽  
Zhengxiang Ning
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Countercurrent Extraction ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Substantial Concentration

A novel microwave assisted multi-stage countercurrent extraction (MAMCE) technique was developed for the extraction of dihydromyricetin from Chinese rattan tea, Ampelopsis grossedentata. The technique combined the advantages of microwave heating and dynamic multi-stage countercurrent extraction and achieved marked improvement in extraction efficiency over microwave assisted batch extraction. Analysis of dihydromyricetin concentrations in the solvent and matrix throughout the extraction process showed that by dividing the extraction into multiple stages and exchanging of solvents between stages, steady and substantial concentration gradients were established between the matrix and solvent, thus enabling the achievement of high extraction efficiency. The yield of dihydromyricetin was significantly affected by temperature, pH, solvent/material ratio and extraction time, and optimal extraction conditions were found to be 80-100°C, at acidic pH with a solvent/material ratio of 25-30 to 1 and extraction time of 5-10 min. With the high extraction efficiency and low usage of extraction solvent, MAMCE could prove to be a promising extraction technique which can be applied to the extraction of dihydromyricentin and other bioactive substances from natural materials.

scholarly journals Co-Microencapsulated Black Rice Anthocyanins and Lactic Acid Bacteria: Evidence on Powders Profile and In Vitro Digestion

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2579
Author(s):  
Carmen-Alina Bolea ◽  
Mihaela Cotârleț ◽  
Elena Enachi ◽  
Vasilica Barbu ◽  
Nicoleta Stănciuc
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Black Rice

Two multi-functional powders, in terms of anthocyanins from black rice (Oryza sativa L.) and lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus paracasei, L. casei 431®) were obtained through co-microencapsulation into a biopolymer matrix composed of milk proteins and inulin. Two extracts were obtained using black rice flour as a raw material and hot water and ethanol as solvents. Both powders (called P1 for aqueous extract and P2 for ethanolic extract) proved to be rich sources of valuable bioactives, with microencapsulation efficiency up to 80%, both for anthocyanins and lactic acid bacteria. A higher content of anthocyanins was found in P1, of 102.91 ± 1.83 mg cyanindin-3-O-glucoside (C3G)/g dry weight (DW) when compared with only 27.60 ± 17.36 mg C3G/g DW in P2. The morphological analysis revealed the presence of large, thin, and fragile structures, with different sizes. A different pattern of gastric digestion was observed, with a highly protective effect of the matrix in P1 and a maximum decrease in anthocyanins of approximatively 44% in P2. In intestinal juice, the anthocyanins decreased significantly in P2, reaching a maximum of 97% at the end of digestion; whereas in P1, more than 45% from the initial anthocyanins content remained in the microparticles. Overall, the short-term storage stability test revealed a release of bioactive from P2 and a decrease in P1. The viable cells of lactic acid bacteria after 21 days of storage reached 7 log colony forming units (CFU)/g DW.

scholarly journals Polyphenols From Vitis vinifera Lambrusco By-Products (Leaves From Pruning): Extraction Parameters Evaluation Through Design of Experiment

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1986290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Tacchini ◽  
Ilaria Burlini ◽  
Immacolata Maresca ◽  
Alessandro Grandini ◽  
Tatiana Bernardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Design Of Experiment ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Wine Industry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
By Products

Vitis vinifera L. leaves from pruning are by-products of the wine industry and represent an important source of secondary raw material, thanks to their polyphenols content. Optimization of the extraction processes is a key factor for their valorization, and Design of Experiment (DOE) could be a tool to obtain the most performing extract in terms of polyphenols quality/quantity and bioactivity. Vitis vinifera Lambrusco leaves were subjected to ultrasound-assisted extractions guided by a 23 factorial design. Three independent parameters (% solvent, time of extraction, and solvent:solid ratio) were considered to evaluate the extraction process by analyzing the extraction yield, the total phenolic content (Folin-Ciocalteu assay), and the antioxidant capacity (DPPH assay). Moreover, the content of the main molecules was identified and quantified by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection and mass spectrometry. The DOE highlighted the best extraction conditions that showed slight changes considering the different evaluating parameters. The highest extraction yield was obtained by extraction with 100% water, 60 minutes of extraction time, and 30:1 solvent:solid ratio, but it was neither the richest in polyphenols nor antioxidant capacity. The latter 2 characteristics were associated with the extraction performed using 50% ethanol, 35 minutes of extraction time, and a 20:1 solvent:solid ratio. That extract also exhibited the highest quantity of flavonols.

scholarly journals Extraction Optimization of Polysaccharides From Corn Silk and Their Antioxidant Activities in vitro and in vivo

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Zhang ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Zhanyong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Corn Silk ◽  
Response Surface Technique ◽  
Experimental Yield ◽  
Temperature Liquid

Response surface technique was employed for improving the extraction of corn silk polysaccharides (CSP). Temperature, liquid-to-solid ratio, and per extraction time were all examined as separate factors. The optimal extraction parameters were determined by fitting experimental data to a second-order polynomial; a liquid-to-solid ratio of 21.5 ml/g, temperature equivalent to 88°C, and extraction time of 1.87 h. The experimental yield of the extracted polysaccharides following the application of these conditions was 4.33 ± 0.08% (dry weight), which fit quite well with the predicted value. CSP’s strong scavenging capabilities against hydroxyls, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals, and superoxide anions along with its excellent reducing potential, were demonstrated in an in vitro antioxidant experiment. Meanwhile, in vivo testing revealed that CSP substantially enhanced glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities. The Malondialdehyde levels in the liver and serum of aged mice also underwent a decrease. This study found that CSP has a substantial antioxidant potential in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that it might be used as an antioxidant in food and medicine.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Sub-Critical Fluid Extraction of the Essential Oil of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) with That of Hydrodistillation

Eng ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 608-619
Author(s):  
David Mc Gaw ◽  
Rosemarie Skeene
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Fluid Extraction ◽  
Total Extract ◽  
Pharmaceutical Properties ◽  
The Tropics

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is a spice plant grown in the tropics that contains both an essential oil and an oleoresin. The essential oil is important as a flavouring and has pharmaceutical properties, while the oleoresin is bright yellow in colour and has medicinal properties. The essential oil has traditionally been extracted by hydrodistillation/steam distillation with the total extract being extracted by solvent extraction and more recently by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). The objective of the work described in this paper was to investigate the possibility of extracting the essential oil using sub-critical fluid extraction and to compare it with hydrodistillation. The experiments using hydrodistillation showed that unpeeled fresh turmeric was the preferred raw material, giving an oil yield of ≈6% dry weight basis, which is similar to that reported in the literature. The experimental programme on the extraction of the oil from dried unpeeled turmeric was carried out over a temperature range from 25 to 30 °C and pressures from 65 to 71 bar. Yields were generally higher than hydrodistillation (up to ≈9% dry weight basis) as were the compositions of the extracted oils. The preferred operating conditions were determined to be 25 °C temperature and 65 bar pressure. Curcumin, the major component of the oleoresin, was not found in the oil, thereby demonstrating that the sub-critical extract is a pure essential oil. It is suggested that consideration be given to evaluating an SFE process whereby the essential oil is initially fully extracted under sub-critical fluid extraction conditions, after which the oleoresin is extracted separately by raising the pressure to ≈250 bar.

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