UJI TOKSISITAS AKUT EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KAYU MANIS (Cinnamomum burmanii) PADA FUNGSI HATI TIKUS PUTIH (Mus musculus L.) BETINA

Cinnamon leaves (Cinnamomum burmanii) are plants that have many pharmacological effects including lowering blood sugar levels, inhibition of bacterial growth, antioxidants and mymetic insulin activity. However, acute toxicity testing has not been carried out on cinnamon leaves before. This study aims to determine the level of toxicity and effect of extract administration on SGOT, SGPT as well as changes in the histopathological form of the liver of test animals. This study used The Complete Randomized Design method with 5 treatment groups with na-CMC administration 0.5% as a negative control, P1 dose 250 mg/kgBB, P2 Dose 500 mg/kgBB, P3 dose 1000 mg/kgBB and P4 at a dose of 2000 mg/kgBB. Each treatment consists of 5 mice. The parameters observed in this study are SGPT, SGOT and histopathological examination of mice liver organs. The data was analyzed using the One Way ANOVA test with duncan's advanced test. The results showed that the administration of cinnamon leaf ethanol extract did not cause death in test animals so it was practically not toxic. SGPT and SGOT values in female white mice test animals showed statistically meaningful differences in SGPT and SGOT values (p<0.05) compared to negative controls. However, it is still in the normal range. The result of histopathological observations is that there is a change in hepatocytes of liver organs compared to negative control.

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UJI EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN PEGAGAN (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) SEBAGAI ANTIDIABETES TERHADAP TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN (Rattus norvegicus) YANG DIINDUKSI ALOKSAN

PHARMACON ◽

10.35799/pha.10.2021.32767 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 736

Author(s):

Grace Laury Tulung ◽

Widdhi Bodhi ◽

Jainer Pasca Siampa

Keyword(s):

Rattus Norvegicus ◽

Design Method ◽

Centella Asiatica ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Flavonoid Compound ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Decrease Blood Glucose ◽

Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT Gotu Kola Leaf (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) are known to contain flavonoid compound, and flavonoid are known to decrease blood glucose level by stimulating pancreas beta cells to produce insulin. The aim of this research is to find out wether the ethanol extract of gotu kola leaf (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) has the antidiabetic effectiveness or not. This research used Completely Randomized Design method. There were 15 rats used in this research that were split into 5 groups that is negative control (Aquadest), positive control (Metformin), and ethanol extract of gotu kola leaf with the dosage of 5.4 mg;10.8 mg;21.6 mg. The acquired data were analyzed with ANOVA test and LSD test. The analysis result showed that ethanol extract of gotu kola leaf had antidiabetic effectiveness against male white rat. Keywords: Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, antidiabetic, Rattus norvegicus ABSTRAK Daun Pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) diketahui mengandung zat flavonoid, dimana flavonoid telah diketahui mempunyai kemampuan menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dengan merangsang sel beta pankreas untuk memproduksi insulin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ekstrak etanol daun pegagan memiliki efekivitas antidiabetes. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Tikus yang digunakan sebanyak 15 ekor dan dibagi dalam 5 kelompok yaitu kontrol negatif (aquadest), kontrol positif (metformin), dan ekstrak etanol daun pegagan dengan dosis 5,4 mg; 10,8 mg; 21,6 mg. Data yang ada dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji ANOVA dan uji LSD. Hasil analisis menujukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun pegagan memiliki efektivitas antidiabetes terhadap tikus putih jantan (Rattus norvegicus). Kata kunci: Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, antidiabetes, Rattus norvegicus

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UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIHIPERURISEMIA KOMBINASI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SALAM (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight.) Walp) dan TUMBUHAN SURUHAN (Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth) PADA TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN (Rattus Norvegicus)

PHARMACON ◽

10.35799/pha.9.2020.31368 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 581

Author(s):

Chintia M. Manopo ◽

Widdhi Bodhi ◽

Elly J. Suoth

Keyword(s):

Rattus Norvegicus ◽

Design Method ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

White Rats ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Ethanol Extracts ◽

Existing Data

ABSTRACTBay leaves (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight.) Walp) and herbs (Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth) are known to contain flavonoids, where flavonoids have been known to have the ability to inhibit the ksantin oxidase, which causes uric acid levels in the blood to drop. This study used a completely randomized design method. This study aims to determine whether the combined ethanol extract of bay leaves (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight.) Walp) and suruhan (Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth) has antihyperuricemic activity. There were 15 rats used and divided into 5 groups, namely negative control (CMC 1%), positive control (Allopurinol), and ethanol extracts of bay leaves and herbs with a dose of 50 m, 100 mg, 200 mg. Existing data were analyzed using the ANOVA test and LSD test. The analysis showed that the combined ethanol extract of bay leaves (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight.) Walp) and suruhan (Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth) had antihyperuricemic activity against male white rats. Keywords: Syzygium polyanthum (Wight.) Walp) and Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth, Antihyperuricemia, Rattus Norvegicus.ABSTRAKDaun salam (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight.) Walp) dan tumbuhan suruhan (Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth) diketahui mengandung zat flavonoid, dimana flavonoid telah diketahui mempunyai kemampuan dalam menghambat ksantin oksidase, yang menyebabkan kadar asam urat di dalam darah turun. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ekstrak etanol kombinasi dari daun salam (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight.) Walp ) dan tumbuhan suruhan (Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth) memiliki aktivitas antihiperurisemia. Tikus yang digunakan sebanyak 15 ekor dan dibagi dalam 5 kelompok yaitu kontrol negatif (CMC 1%), kontrol positif (Allopurinol), dan ekstrak etanol daun salam dan tumbuhan suruhan dengan dosis 50 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg. Data yang ada dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji ANOVA dan uji LSD. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol kombinasi daun salam (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight.) Walp) dan tumbuhan suruhan (Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth ) memiliki aktivitas antihiperurisemia terhadap tikus putih jantan.Kata kunci: Syzygium polyanthum (Wight.) Walp) dan Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth, Antihiperurisemia, Rattus Norvegicus

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The effect of sorbitol and white sweet potatoes (Ipomea batatas L.) inulin extract application on marshmallow physical, chemical and organoleptic properties

Food Research ◽

10.26656/fr.2017.5(1).405 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 298-305

Author(s):

B. Yudhistira ◽

A.K. Putri ◽

S. Prabawa

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Design Method ◽

Sweet Potatoes ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Organoleptic Characteristics ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Ipomea Batatas ◽

The Difference ◽

The One ◽

High Calorie

Marshmallow belongs to a high-calorie food that requires a low-calorie substitute for sucrose, one of which is sorbitol. Marshmallow has the potential to become a functional food with the addition of inulin contained within white sweet potatoes. Inulin refers to a type of fructan carbohydrate which contains fiber and has the potential as a prebiotic that is beneficial for the human’s body. This study aims to determine the effect of the addition of white sweet potato (Ipomea batatas L.) inulin extract and sorbitol on the physical, chemical and organoleptic characteristic of marshmallows and to obtain the best marshmallow’s formula through white sweet potato (Ipomea batatas L.) inulin extract and sorbitol addition. The completely randomized design method (CRD) applied in this study consisted of one factor, namely the difference in formulation between the concentration of white sweet potato inulin extract (2% and 3%) and the concentration of sorbitol (25%, 50%, and 75%). The statistical analysis utilized the One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) method using SPSS. The results of this study indicated that the addition of white sweet potato inulin extract and sorbitol had a significant effect on tensile strength, density, moisture content, ash content, total calories, dietary fiber, and organoleptic characteristics of marshmallows. The best formula for marshmallows was formula 4 with the addition of 2% white sweet potato inulin extract and 50% sorbitol.

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Mechanism of Pancreatic Islet Number Improvement on Hyperglycemic Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus) After Golden Sea Cucumber (Stichopus hermanii) Extract Administration

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering - Special Issue ◽

10.35940/ijitee.c1075.0193s20 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3S) ◽

pp. 320-324

Keyword(s):

Blood Sugar ◽

Pancreatic Islet ◽

Blood Sugar Level ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Male Rats ◽

Laboratory Research ◽

Control Group ◽

Sugar Levels

Diabetes mellitus constitutes a metabolic disorder indicated by a decrease in insulin secretion, insulin insensitivity, or a combination of both. Golden sea cucumber (Stichopus hermanii) is a natural resource of Indonesian waters with benefit for reducing blood sugar levels. This research aimed to determine the anti-hyperglycemic mechanism of golden sea cucumber.This study used a experimental laboratory research with Post-test Only Control Group. The sample of this study consisted of 25 male rats aged 60-70 days, divided into 5 groups: K(-), K(+), P1, P2, and P3 randomly. Rats from K(+), P1, P2, and P3 groups were injected with streptozotocin (STZ) with a dose of 50 mg/kg BW. Treatment was administered for 21 days. K(-) and K(+) groups were fed normally while P1, P2 and P3 groups were given golden sea cucumber 80% ethanol extract with a dose of 4,25 mg/kgBW/day, 8,50 mg/kgBW/day and 12,75 mg/kgBW/day respectively. On the 22nd day, fasting blood sugar level was measured and the number of pancreatic islet was counted with histopathological examination. The administration of golden sea cucumber (Stichopus hermanii) extract on rats with hyperglycemia does not reduce blood sugar level, but the extract administration increases the number of pancreatic islet. Golden sea cucumber (Stichopus hermanni) extract may improve the number of pancreatic islet and prevent the progressive damage of pancreatic islet.C

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Hepatoprotective Activity of Curcuma mangga Extract on Paracetamol-Induced Male Mice

Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.32734/idjpcr.v1i2.432 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 35-40

Author(s):

Yuandani ◽

Silvia Mardaliza ◽

Marianne

Keyword(s):

Ethanol Extract ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Hepatic Necrosis ◽

Hepatoprotective Activity ◽

Negative Control ◽

Hepatoprotective Effect ◽

Hepatic Tissue ◽

High Dose ◽

Male Mice ◽

Mice Liver

This study was carried out to investigate the protective effect of ethanol extract of Curcuma mangga rhizomes on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity. High dose of paracetamol (1.35g/kg bw) was used to induce hepatic necrosis of mice liver. The male mice received ethanol extract of C. mangga rhizomes (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg BW) for 7 days. The hepatoprotective actvity of extract was compared to normal, positive (curcuma) and negative control. The liver function was evaluated by measuring the biochemistry parameters which include alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). In addition, histophatological study on hepatic tissue section was also carried out. The C. mangga extract displayed hepatoprotective effect except at dose of 100 mg/kg bw. The increasing of serum levels of AST and ALT were inhibited after treatment with ethanol extract at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kb bw which was comparable with normal and curcuma as postive control (p>0.05). In addition, histological assessment of hepatic tissue demonstrated no liver damage, specially at dose of 400 mg/kb BW. The result indicate that ethanol extract of C. mangga rhizomes has hepatoprotective effect, especially at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg bw . Keywords: C. mangga, rhizomes, biochemistry parameters, histopathology

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Aktivitas Antifungi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Eryngium foetidum L. Terhadap Pertumbuhan Xeromyces sp. secara in vitro

Jurnal Protobiont ◽

10.26418/protobiont.v8i2.34056 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Ines S Simatupang Elvi Rusmiyanto PW, Rikhsan Kurniatuhadi

Keyword(s):

Ethanol Extract ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Activity Level ◽

Piper Nigrum ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Eryngium Foetidum ◽

Completely Randomized Design

Eryngium foetidum is a plant commonly used a seasoning cuisine and has a variety of chemical compounds that potentially an antifungal. The ethanol extract Eryngium foetidum was tested against fungal isolate Xi.01. The isolat Xi.01 isolated from the pepper (Piper Nigrum) stem was identified as Xeromyces sp. This study aimed to determine the ability of the antifungal ethanol extract of Eryngium foetidum against Xeromyces sp. (Xi.01). This study used solid dilution method and completely randomized design using 18 treatments, i.e negative control, positive control, diethanolamide concentration of 2.5; 5; 7.5 and 10% combined with the ethanol extract concentration of Eryngium foetidum of 5; 10; 20 and 40%. The results showed 16 treatment combinations had the same low antifungal activity level in the range 13,59-22,40%

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Antibacterial activities of combination of ethanol extract of Delima fruit (Punica granatum L.) and Sereh stem (Cymbopogon citratus) on Staphylococcus aureus

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20195442 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (12) ◽

pp. 5037

Author(s):

Melia Pebrina ◽

Indah Komala Sari ◽

Eliza Arman ◽

Honesty Diana Morika

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Punica Granatum ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Pomegranate Peel Extract

ABSTRACT Background: Pomegranates contain chemical saponins and flavonoids while lemongrass stems have flavonoid chemical compounds. Substances that can inhibit the linking of bacteria are saponins and flavonoids. The most common microorganism found in ulcus diabetikum (ulcer diabetes) is Staphylococcus aureus. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of a combination of pomegranate ethanol extract and ethanol extract of lemongrass stems against S. aureus bacteria.Methods: This study used an experimental design with a complete randomized design study divided into 5 groups: groups 1 (75:25), 2 (50:50), 3 (25:75), positive control (tetracycline) and negative control. Manufacture of pomegranate peel extract and lemongrass stems was done by maceration method for further rotary, after the extract was obtained tested for antibacterial activity by diffusion method using a cylinder. With the test used analysis of variance one way.Results: The results of this study showed that the combination of pomegranate ethanol extract and citronella stem ethanol extract showed activity against S. aureus with a ratio of 15 ul:5 ul, 15 ul:15 ul, 5 ul:15 ul with inhibitory diameter of respectively 13 mm, 11 mm, 8 mm. Whereas for positive control with chloramphenicol, the inhibition area is 9 mm.Conclusions: Statistically the combination of pomegranate ethanol extract and lemongrass stems has antibacterial power which uses p=0.005 and p<0.05. The combination of pomegranate ethanol extract and lemongrass stems has very strong antibacterial activity against S. aureus due to inhibition zones of 10-20 mm.

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The Effect of Various Concentrations of Ethanol Extract of the Leaves of Paederia foetida L. on the Growth of Escherichia Coli Bacteria

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics ◽

10.22270/jddt.v11i6.5037 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 61-67

Author(s):

Hertina Silaban

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Rare Plants ◽

E Coli ◽

Paederia Foetida ◽

Escherichia Coli Bacteria ◽

The One

Bacterial infection of Escherichia coli (E. coli) as the cause of gastrointestinal disorders in humans has increased their prevalence. Treatment using natural ingredients can be a choice of therapy because of the minimal side effects. One of the rare plants believed by the community as an antibacterial is stinking vin’e known as the ‘leaf fart’. The purpose of this research is for knowing the activity of the ethanol extract of Paederia foetida L can affect the growth of E.coli. The serial diffusion disc method is being used as the antibacterial activity test. The concentration of this extract are 10%, 20%, 40%, 80%, 100% with positive control (ciprofloxacin) and negative control (aqua dest). The inhibition zone diameter characterized the effect of Extract on bacterial growth were 6.16 mm of the concentration 10%, 6.667 mm of the concentration 20%, 7.10 mm of the concentration 40 %, 7.78 mm of the concentration 80%, and 10.03 mm of the concentration 100%. As for the negative control has no effect. The study stated that the higher concentration of antibacterial agent used, the greater the inhibition zone formed. Based on the result of the analysis of the data by using the One-Way ANOVA Test showed a probability value (p) = 0.000 or value (p) < 0.05, that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. The conclusion is that the Extract of stinking vin’e has an antibacterial effect on the growth of E.coli. Keywords: Antibacterial, E.coli, Extract of Sembukan leaf

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Aktivitas Antihiperurisemia Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) Pada Mencit Putih Jantan

Pharmacon Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia ◽

10.23917/pharmacon.v18i01.12880 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 23-37

Author(s):

Madyawati Latief ◽

Indra Lasmana Tarigan ◽

Putri Maya Sari ◽

Fiolita Etsa Aurora

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Point Of Care ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Test Method ◽

Point Of Care Test ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Wistar Strain ◽

Percent Decline

Hyperuricemia is a disease caused by an increase in uric acid levels in the blood. Currently, various treatments are developed by utilizing natural ingredients as an anti-hyperuricemia. Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) is one of the plants that contain a natural compound that can use as an anti-hyperuricemia treatment is the leaves of sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack.). The aim of this study to determine the anti-hyperuricemia activity of the ethanol extract of Sungkai leaves. The test animals used in this study were male white mice Wistar strain. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 groups consisting of negative control (Na CMC 0.5%) positive control (allopurinol 10 mg / kg BW), treatment 1 (extract 125 mg / kg BW), treatment 2 (extract 250 mg / kg BW) and treatment 3 (extract 500 mg / kg BW). The parameters seen were uric acid levels measured using the POCT (Point of Care Test) method and analyzed using One Way Anova statistical analysis and Duncan's continued test. Our results showed that the treatment group with a dose of 125-500 mg / Kg BW reduce uric acid levels in mice. The best dose was a dose of 500 mg / Kg BW in reducing uric acid levels in mice with percent decline of 38.66%.

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Application of Several Types of Rhizome Powder in Controlling Sitophilus Oryzae L. Pests in Local Siam Mutiara Rice

TROPICAL WETLAND JOURNAL ◽

10.20527/twj.v6i2.88 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 38-43

Author(s):

Riza Adrianoor Saputra ◽

Noor Khamidah

Keyword(s):

Design Method ◽

Sitophilus Oryzae ◽

Population Development ◽

Botanical Pesticides ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Ginger Rhizome ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

The One ◽

Red Ginger ◽

Mortality Percentage

Rice is the staple food of the Indonesian population. Siam Mutiara is the preferred local variety of rice in South Kalimantan. Sufficient rice availability must be supported by a rice surplus as food reserves.The main problem with rice storage is the emergence of Sitophilus oryzae L. Therefore it is necessary to control the pest. Non-toxic botanical pesticides can be applied to control S. oryzae. This study aimed to determine the effect of the application of several types of rhizome flour on the mortality rate of S. oryzae, population development of S. oryzae, and weight of Siam Mutiara rice to obtain the most effective rhizome flour. The research was conducted in March 2020 - August 2020 at the Agroecotechnology Production Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University. The one-factor Completely Randomized Design method (CRD) was used by treating z0 (control/without rhizome powder), z1 (red galangal rhizome powder), z2 (kencur rhizome powder), z3 (red ginger rhizome powder), and z4 (rhizome powder combination). The treatment was repeated 4 times so that there were 20 experimental units. The results showed that the application of red galanus rhizome powder, sling rhizome powder, red ginger rhizome powder, and rhizome powder combination was able to control the population development of S. oryzae and weight damage of Siam Mutiara rice due to S. oryzae pests. The rhizome powder that was most effective in controlling S. oryzae was z1 (red galangal rhizome powder) with a mortality percentage of 32.50%, population of 7 individuals, and rice weight of 99.96%; z2 (kencur rhizome powder) with a mortality percentage of 65%, population of 3 individuals, and rice weight of 99.97%; z3 (red ginger rhizome powder) with a mortality percentage of 62.50, population of 4 individuals, and rice weight of 99.96%; and z4 (rhizome powder combination) with a mortality percentage of 47.50%, population of 5 individuals, and rice weight of 99.95%.

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