The Potential of Using Bio Plastic Materials in Automotive Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 901-909
Author(s):  
Sorin Aurel RaȚiu ◽  
Alina Corina Zgaverdea
Keyword(s):  
Block Copolymer ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Automotive Applications ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Plastic Materials

The purpose of this article is to present an overview of the trend of using, on a wider scale, plastics in the automotive industry. It is presented the realization of PLA-TPU-Blends with a biogenic mass greater than 90%, by mixing thermoplastic Polyurethan (TPU) with Polylactid-Acid (PLA) at IKT University of Stuttgart. In order to estimate the possibilities of use of bio-materials made from PLA and TPU, the properties were compared with standard thermoplastics such as Polypropylen (PP), Polyethylen (PE), Polyamid (PA), as well as with better performing materials from the engineering thermoplastics range. PBT, ASA and their derivatives. Notable are the properties of PLA-TPU-Blends compared with standard thermoplastics PP, PE, PA. The results show PLA-TPU-Blends superiority in Yeld strength compared to the types of Polypropylene homopolymer (PP-H), block-copolymer (PP-B) and randompolymer (PP-R), the properties being adaptable by flexible modification of the ratio between the components, according to the requirements of the application. Using suitable additives to make components compatible, there were created blends which were partially cross-linked, but their properties remain of thermoplast. When reinforcing PLA-TPU-Blends with fibers (glass and natural), the components also react with the groups (-OH) on the fiber surface, thus making a good connection between fibers and blends, which prevents the so-called pull-out-effect. PLA-TPU-Blends reinforced with natural fibers can be used to make the interior body elements of vehicles. The paper also presents a comparison between bio-materials made at IKT University of Stuttgart with Polyethylen (PE) and other industry standard bio-materials.

Effects of Fiber Surface Treatments on the Moisture Absorption and Interfacial Properties of Natural Fibers and their Composites

2009 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 728-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Feng Lv ◽  
Hong Xia Deng ◽  
Ronald Kollmansberger ◽  
Shan Ying Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Interfacial Properties ◽  
Surface Treatments ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Short Beam ◽  
Beam Shear ◽  
Interlaminar Shear

Interfacial properties of four kinds of natural fibers (et. ramie, jute, sisal and kenaf) reinforced phenolic resin were studied by single fiber pull-out test and short beam shear test. Effect of fiber surface treatments on the interfacial properties was evaluated. It showed that interlaminar shear strength (IFSS) was considerably improved after fiber surface treatments, especially after the silane treatment. Concerns about the poor moisture resistance of natural fibers, effects of fiber surface treatments on the moisture absorption behavior of natural fibers were also investigated by gravimetric methods. The results showed that neither fiber surface treatments nor the environmental temperature has effect on the moisture absorption behavior of natural fibers.

Progress in the research and applications of natural fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 835-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhanying Sun
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Fiber Composites ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Natural Fiber Composites ◽  
Fiber Surface Treatment

AbstractThe natural and fiber-reinforced resin matrix composites have been increasingly and widely applied in society in order to improve the environment and promote sustainable development. In the first part of this article, the major foci of recent research on natural fiber composites are reviewed in detail, including fiber surface treatment, fiber agglomeration and dispersion, interfacial transcrystallinity, impact strength, foaming technique, inflaming retardance, biodegradable resin matrix and nanofiber reinforcement techniques. The fiber surface treatment and fiber dispersion are important factors in improving the mechanical properties of the natural fiber composites. The interfacial transcrystallinity can be generated on natural fibers owing to the rough surfaces. The natural fiber composites have a low impact strength. In order to reduce the density and improve the flame retardant effect of the composites, both the foaming technique and flame-retardant technology are studied in detail. The biodegradable resin matrix and natural fibers can be mixed to prepare fully-degradable composite materials. Using the natural nano fiber reinforcements in reinforcing resins is another important research area. In the second part of this article, the applications of these composites are summarized systematically, especially those involving the automotive industry, household appliances, construction materials, packaging materials and boards of musical instruments. Currently, the automotive industry and the production of construction materials are the most important application areas of these composites.

Effect of Sisal Fiber Surface Treatments on Sisal Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene (PP) Composites

2014 ◽  
Vol 906 ◽  
pp. 167-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hou Lei Gan ◽  
Lei Tian ◽  
Chang Hai Yi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
Single Fiber ◽  
Sisal Fiber ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Debonding Process

Abstract: The Interface of sisal fiber which was treated by using alkali, potassium permanganate, atmospheric plasma and silane reinforced polypropylene composites were investigated by single fiber pull-out testes and surface morphology were studied. The results indicated that the morphological changes observed on the sisal fiber surface were obviously evident. Untreated, permanganate and plasma treated sisal fiber reinforced PP show a stable debonding process. Silane treated sisal fiber reinforced PP show an unstable debonding process. Single fiber pull-out tests indicated that the IFSS value was in the order of FIB < FIBKMnO4 < FIBP < FIBKH-550 < FIBKH-570. As can be seen from surface morphology of pull-out fiber, a little of PP resin was adhered to the pull-out FIB, FIBKMnO4, FIBP of sisal fiber. In contrast, PP resin at the surface of pull-out fiber was flaked off and sisal fibril was drawn out from sisal fiber were observed from pull-out fibers of FIBKH-550 and FIBKH-570.

Study on Thermal, Thermo-Mechanical, and Flexural Properties of Jute Fiber Surface Modification and Its Reinforced Composite

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Syed Rashedul Islam ◽  
Abeer Alassod ◽  
Mohammed Kayes Patoary ◽  
Tayyab Naveed ◽  
Md Arshad Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Jute Fiber ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Jute Fibers ◽  
Composite Properties

In recent years, reinforced composites from biodegradable and natural fibers have a worldwide scope for advanced applications. However, the core limitation of natural fiber reinforced composites are poor consistency among supporting fibers and the matrix. Therefore, optimal structural performance of fibers and matrix is desirable. In this study, chemical treatments (i.e., alkali pretreatment, acid pretreatment, and scouring) were applied to jute fibers for improvement of composite properties. Thermal, thermo-mechanical, and flexural properties, and surface morphology, of untreated and treated jute fibers were studied on the treated fibers. Jute fiber/epoxy composite properties were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), flexural strength and modulus, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The chemical treatments had a significant impact on the properties of jute fiber composites.

scholarly journals Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Al-0.80Mg-0.85Si-0.3Zr Alloy

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Kahrıman ◽  
M. Zeren
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Direct Chill ◽  
Peak Hardness ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Three Stages

Abstract In this study, Al-0.80Mg-0.85Si alloy was modified with the addition of 0.3 wt.-% zirconium and the variation of microstructural features and mechanical properties were investigated. In order to produce the billets, vertical direct chill casting method was used and billets were homogenized at 580 °C for 6 h. Homogenized billets were subjected to aging practice following three stages: (i) solution annealing at 550 °C for 3 h, (ii) quenching in water, (iii) aging at 180 °C between 0 and 20 h. The hardness measurements were performed for the alloys following the aging process. It was observed that peak hardness value of Al-0.80Mg-0.85Si alloy increased with the addition of zirconium. This finding was very useful to obtain aging parameters for the extruded hollow profiles which are commonly used in automotive industry. Standard tensile tests were applied to aged profiles at room temperature and the results showed that modified alloy had higher mechanical properties compared to the non-modified alloy.

PoP Technology for the Automotive Industry

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (1) ◽  
pp. 000081-000085
Author(s):  
Jaimal Williamson ◽  
Kurt Wachtler ◽  
David Chin ◽  
Mike Pierce
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Automotive Applications ◽  
Defect Level ◽  
Packaging Technology ◽  
Package Design ◽  
Surface Mount ◽  
Board Level ◽  
Performance Surface ◽  
Board Level Reliability

Package-on-Package (PoP) technology has been in production for commercial and portable electronic applications for many years. The key challenge for PoP in automotive applications is meeting the aggressive defect level requirements. The need for PoP has historically been driven by mobile and tablet applications and an increased demand for more processor and memory performance within smaller spaces. With the maturity and excellent historical performance of PoP technology used with TI OMAPTM processor products, PoP can now be introduced as a reliable packaging technology in the automotive industry. This paper will describe the work involved in the enablement of commercial PoP technology into the automotive industry. The challenges and requirements regarding package design, warpage performance, surface mount (SMT) characterization, and board-level reliability (BLR) performance will all be explained.

scholarly journals Development of an Electrical Resistance Sensor from High Strength Steel for Automotive Applications

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosec ◽  
Kuhar ◽  
Kranjc ◽  
Malnarič ◽  
Belingar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
High Strength Steel ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Microstructural Properties ◽  
Automotive Applications ◽  
Data Logger ◽  
Corrosion Sensor ◽  
Monitoring Process

This work focuses on a demonstration of the monitoring of corrosion processes taking place in high strength steel in automotive applications. This is performed by means of a corrosion sensor, which operates as an electrical resistance sensor. It was developed from the same type of material that is used for the high-strength steel parts produced in the automotive industry. Using the sensor, real time corrosion processes can be measured. It is attached to a location inside the vehicle’s engine and is equipped with a data logger, which enables wireless transfer of the measured data. In this study the development, operation, and evaluation of the monitoring process are presented. Corrosion estimation is verified by means of electrochemical methods. A metallographic investigation was included in order to verify the similarity between the microstructural properties of the sensor and those of the as-received high-strength steel sheet.

Injection-molded PP composites reinforced with talc and nanoclay for automotive applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 1478-1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Nofar ◽  
Elif Ozgen ◽  
Burcu Girginer
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Automotive Applications ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Injection Molded ◽  
Two Alternatives

In this study, a commercially available polypropylene (PP) copolymer with 30-wt% talc was used as a reference material. Two different PP copolymers with 30- and 20-wt% talc were also taken as alternatives. Despite the reference PP compound, the other two alternatives are still under development and never used for the production of any exterior trim part in automotive industry. These three PP compounds were injection molded with fixed mold and barrel temperatures. Then, the samples were molded at different mold and barrel temperatures to investigate the effects of processing parameters on the mechanical and thermal properties of the final product. Finally, the effect of addition of 1-, 3- and 5-wt% nanoclay on the final properties of the PP with 20-wt% talc was explored. Differential scanning calorimeter was used to analyze the crystallization behavior of the samples. Tensile, bending, and Izod and Charpy impact tests were performed on these samples. Heat deflection temperatures and Vicat softening points were also measured. The X-ray diffraction analysis was performed to see the dispersion of the nanoclay in the PP matrix.

FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF INJECTION-MOLDED BAMBOO/PBS COMPOSITES

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (15n16) ◽  
pp. 2838-2843 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAZUYA OHKITA ◽  
HITOSHI TAKAGI
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Polybutylene Succinate ◽  
Injection Molded ◽  
Bamboo Powder ◽  
Opposite Tendency

In recent years, from an environmental perspective, there has been increasing interest in the change to a sustainable society. The use of natural-fiber-reinforced biodegradable composites has been proposed as one solution. Bamboo is an often used renewable bio-resource; it has an inherent advantage of rapid growth. Polybutylene succinate ( PBS ), used as matrix resin, has biodegradable characteristics. This paper describes flexural properties of bamboo/ PBS composites prepared by injection molding. The following results were obtained. The flexural modulus was improved with increasing bamboo powder contents when the cylinder temperature of the injection molder was 140°C. However, the flexural strength showed the opposite tendency to be decreased with increasing bamboo powder contents. An SEM photomicrograph of the fracture surface for bamboo/ PBS composites showed typical fracture behavior of pull-out fibers without fiber fracture. Furthermore, there was no adhesion of PBS resin on the bamboo fiber surface. Processing conditions affected mechanical properties of bamboo/ PBS composites, imparting higher flexural strength and flexural modulus at high cylinder temperatures such as 180°C and 200°C.

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