THE SPECIFIC OF PREVENTIVE WORK WITH EXTREMIST PRISONERS ON THE EXAMPLE OF UK PRISONS

Author(s):  
Кристина Александровна Насреддинова

Проблемы распространения экстремизма и радикализации общества является одной из первостепенных проблем любого государства. Последствия насильственных преступлений, совершаемых по экстремистским мотивам, всегда поражают своей циничностью, безжалостностью и порождают страх у всего общества. Наши исправительные учреждения тоже столкнулись с проблемами распространения и пропаганды экстремизма среди осужденных со стороны лиц, отбывающих наказание за эти преступления. Однако, как показывает практика, эта проблема актуальна для пенитенциарных учреждений государств всего мира. Поэтому изучение опыта одной из европейских стран представляется интересным с точки зрения заимствования наиболее эффективных профилактических мероприятий при борьбе с экстремизмом. В статье автором анализируются итоги исследования, проведенного в Великобритании, целью которого было изучение масштабов и характера радикализации осужденных в трех тюрьмах строгого режима Англии и Уэльса. В ходе данного исследования был составлен криминологический портрет осужденного, склонного к радикализации, выявлены основные причины распространения экстремизма в тюрьмах, среди которых особенно выделяются проблемы, связанные с сокращением численности сотрудников, увеличением числа вакантных должностей. Кроме того, отсутствие опыта работы именно с осужденными-мусульманами у персонала тюрем, связанного с непониманием ими основ мусульманской религии, ее ценностей, а также отсутствие профессионально подготовленных капелланов, привели к резкому росту экстремизма. Автором изучены все мероприятия, проведенные на уровне уголовно-исполнительной политики государства с целью профилактики экстремизма в тюрьмах. К таким относится создание в 2016 г. нового государственного управления по вопросам безопасности, порядка и борьбы с терроризмом, а также мероприятия, направленные на обучение персонала, координацию деятельности оперативных служб, выявление наиболее «уязвимых» лиц для радикализации, решение кадровых вопросов с подбором персонала. В результате это привело к сокращению роста распространения экстремизма в тюрьмах Великобритании. The problems of the spread of extremism and the radicalization of society is one of the primary problems of any state. The consequences of violent crimes committed for extremist motives are always striking in their cynicism, ruthlessness and generate fear in the whole society. Our correctional institutions have also faced problems with the spread and propaganda of extremism among convicts, on the part of persons serving sentences for these crimes. But as practice shows, absolutely all penitentiary institutions of the world have faced this. Therefore, studying the experience of one of the European countries seems interesting, from the point of view of borrowing positive experience, the most effective preventive measures in the fight against extremism. The author analyzes the results of a study conducted in Great Britain, which sought to examine the extent and nature of radicalization of convicts in three maximum security prisons in England and Wales. In the course of this study, a criminological portrait of a convict prone to radicalization was compiled, the main causes of the spread of extremism in prisons were identified, among which the problems associated with a reduction in the number of employees and an increase in the number of vacant positions are particularly highlighted. In addition, the lack of experience of working with Muslim convicts among prison staff, due to their lack of understanding of the basics of the Muslim religion, its values, as well as the lack of professionally trained chaplains, led to a sharp increase in extremism. The author has studied all the measures carried out at the level of the state's penal policy in order to prevent extremism in prisons. These include the creation in 2016 of a new State Department for security, order and the fight against terrorism, as well as measures aimed at training personnel, coordinating the activities of operational services, identifying the most "vulnerable" persons for radicalization, and resolving personnel issues with recruitment. As a result, this has led to a reduction in the growth of extremism in UK prisons.

Author(s):  
Владимир Анатольевич Унтеров

Эффективное предупреждение преступлений, совершаемых в местах лишения свободы, предполагает обязательный анализ криминологических особенностей преступной деятельности, представляющих собой количественно-качественные параметры конкретного вида пенитенциарной преступности. Насильственная преступность, являясь одним из наиболее опасных видов преступности, безусловно, требует особого внимания криминологов, в том числе пенитенциаристов. Совершение подобных преступлений в исправительных учреждениях свидетельствует о неэффективности уголовно-исполнительной системы России в части, прежде всего, профилактической работы. В свою очередь предупреждение насильственных преступлений в исправительных учреждениях невозможно без понимания причин и условий их совершения, личностных особенностей тех, кто их совершает, а также без анализа фактических обстоятельств их совершения. Рассмотренные автором в настоящей статье количественно-качественные параметры насильственной пенитенциарной преступности позволяют воссоздать объективную картину данного вида деликтов, что необходимо для совершенствования профилактической деятельности в учреждениях уголовно-исполнительной системы. Учет этих показателей, как представляется, позволит существенно снизить (минимизировать) насильственную преступность в местах изоляции от общества, что является одним из важнейших направлений уголовно-исполнительной политики нашего государства. Effective crimes’ prevention committed in places of deprivation of liberty presupposes an obligatory analysis of criminological features of criminal activit, which are quantitative and qualitative criteria of a specific type of penitentiary crime. Violent crime being one of the most dangerous types of crime, undoubtedly requires special attention of criminologists, including penitentiaries. Committing such crimes in correctional institutions testifies to the ineffectiveness of the penal system in Russia in terms of, first of all, preventive work. In turn, the prevention of violent crimes in correctional institutions is impossible without understanding the reasons and conditions for their commission, the personal characteristics of those who commit them, as well as without analyzing the actual circumstances of their commission. The quantitative and qualitative parameters of violent penitentiary crime considered by the author in this article make it possible to recreate an objective picture of this type of tort, which is necessary to improve preventive activities in the institutions of the penal system. Taking these indicators into account, it seems, will significantly reduce (minimize) violent crime in places of isolation from society, which is one of the most important areas of the penal policy of our state.


1978 ◽  
Vol 17 (01) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
F. T. De Dombal

This paper discusses medical diagnosis from the clinicians point of view. The aim of the paper is to identify areas where computer science and information science may be of help to the practising clinician. Collection of data, analysis, and decision-making are discussed in turn. Finally, some specific recommendations are made for further joint research on the basis of experience around the world to date.


2004 ◽  
pp. 113-122
Author(s):  
L. Kabir

This article considers the basic tendencies of development of trade and economic cooperation of the two countries with accent on increasing volumes and consolidating trade and economic ties in Russian-Chinese relations. The author compares Russian and Chinese participation in the world economy and analyzes the counter trade from the point of view of basic commodity groups.


2009 ◽  
pp. 26-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Glaziev

The article analyzes fundamental reasons for the world economic crisis in the light of global technological shifts. It proves that it is caused by the substitution of technological modes. It is shown that sharp increase and slump in stock indices and prices for energy resources are typical of the process of technological substitution which occurs regularly according to the rhythm of long-wave fluctuations of the world economic activity. The article rationalizes a package of anti-crisis measures aimed at stimulating the new technological mode. Its structure and role of the locomotive factor of the new long wave of economic growth are revealed.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
MARIETA EPREMYAN ◽  

The article examines the epistemological roots of conservative ideology, development trends and further prospects in political reform not only in modern Russia, but also in other countries. The author focuses on the “world” and Russian conservatism. In the course of the study, the author illustrates what opportunities and limitations a conservative ideology can have in political reform not only in modern Russia, but also in the world. In conclusion, it is concluded that the prospect of a conservative trend in the world is wide enough. To avoid immigration and to control the development of technology in society, it is necessary to adhere to a conservative policy. Conservatism is a consolidating ideology. It is no coincidence that the author cites as an example the understanding of conservative ideology by the French due to the fact that Russia has its own vision of the ideology of conservatism. If we say that conservatism seeks to preserve something and respects tradition, we must bear in mind that traditions in different societies, which form some kind of moral imperatives, cannot be a single phenomenon due to different historical destinies and differing religious views. Considered from the point of view of religion, Muslim and Christian conservatism will be somewhat confrontational on some issues. The purpose of the work was to consider issues related to the role, evolution and prospects of conservative ideology in the political reform of modern countries. The author focuses on Russia and France. To achieve this goal, the method of in-depth interviews with experts on how they understand conservatism was chosen. Already today, conservatism is quite diverse. It is quite possible that in the future it will transform even more and acquire new reflections.


2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Warren

Through narratives and critical interrogations of classroom interactions, I sketch an argument for a co-constitutive relationship between qualitative research and pedagogy that imagines a more reflexive and socially just world. Through story, one comes to see an interplay between one's own experiences, one's own desires and one's community — I seek to focus that potential into an embodied pedagogy that highlights power and, as a result, holds all of us accountable for our own situated-ness in systems of power in ways that grant us potential places from which to enact change. Key in this discussion is a careful analytical point of view for seeing the world and a set of practices that work to imagine new ways of talking back.


2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 255-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimír Bačík ◽  
Michal Klobučník

Abstract The Tour de France, a three week bicycle race has a unique place in the world of sports. The 100th edition of the event took place in 2013. In the past of 110 years of its history, people noticed unique stories and duels in particular periods, celebrities that became legends that the world of sports will never forget. Also many places where the races unfolded made history in the Tour de France. In this article we tried to point out the spatial context of this event using advanced technologies for distribution of historical facts over the Internet. The Introduction briefly displays the attendance of a particular stage based on a regional point of view. The main topic deals with selected historical aspects of difficult ascents which every year decide the winner of Tour de France, and also attract fans from all over the world. In the final stage of the research, the distribution of results on the website available to a wide circle of fans of this sports event played a very significant part (www.tdfrance.eu). Using advanced methods and procedures we have tried to capture the historical and spatial dimensions of Tour de France in its general form and thus offering a new view of this unique sports event not only to the expert community, but for the general public as well.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 171-174
Author(s):  
Tarare Toshida ◽  
Chaple Jagruti

The covid-19 resulted in broad range of spread throughout the world in which India has also became a prey of it and in this situation the means of media is extensively inϑluencing the mentality of the people. Media always played a role of loop between society and sources of information. In this epidemic also media is playing a vital role in shaping the reaction in ϑirst place for both good and ill by providing important facts regarding symptoms of Corona virus, preventive measures against the virus and also how to deal with any suspect of disease to overcome covid-19. On the other hand, there are endless people who spread endless rumours overs social media and are adversely affecting life of people but we always count on media because they provide us with valuable answers to our questions, facts and everything in need. Media always remains on top of the line when it comes to stop the out spread of rumours which are surely dangerous kind of information for society. So on our side we should react fairly and maturely to handle the situation to keep it in the favour of humanity and help government not only to ϑight this pandemic but also the info emic.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 475-481
Author(s):  
Jotheeswari P ◽  
Yuvaraj M ◽  
Balaji K ◽  
Gunapriya Raghunath ◽  
Kumaresan M

COVID-19 is a current sensational and dangerous threat that affects millions of people across the world. As the day progresses the rate of growth of COVID-19 drastically increases. No vaccine or specific antiviral drug are active against corona, therefore, preventing the exposure to the virus is the base of support against its spread across the world. Despite the implementation of preventive measures, the rate of virus-infected cases progressively increases which stimulates our thought process to raise a question, whether the preventive measures that we follow are effective against the spread of COVID-19 infection. Evidence from previous literature obtained from various online tools implies multiple preventive measures that should be followed and also illustrates their mechanism of action against the active spread of COVID-19 infection. According to the results from the evidence, we can identify the gold standard preventive measure among the described preventive measures. The precautionary measure encompasses both pharmaceutical interventions and non- pharmaceutical interventions among which non-pharmaceutical measures are superior in the prevention of the developing pandemic. Among the non-pharmaceutical interventions, social distancing is the paramount to other measures in the mitigation of the spread of viral infection.


Author(s):  
Dmitriy Ivashinenko ◽  
Elena Burdelova ◽  
Lyubov Ivashinenko

This article presents the results of a study the purpose of which was research of the factors and patterns of aggression in adolescence. Its results are required to find personas, who need preventive work, and features of the system of preventive measures, depending on the structure of the target audience. In 2016 there were 721 respondents who took part in the study, and 1437 in 2019. The method used in this study is the Buss-Durkee test modified by G. V. Rezapkina (BDHI). Results of the study clearly demonstrate that amongst young people there is a high-level spread of severe irritation, especially among young women. Also, the predominance of such components of aggression as negativity and irritation was noted. According to the results, young women more often get irritated than young men, and on the scale of “negativism”, there is no significant differences. Physical aggression was discovered to be more characteristic for young men.


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