scholarly journals Partial replacement of artificial diets by wet bioflocs biomass in Nile tilapia culture tanks

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 42426
Author(s):  
Nayara Nunes Caldini ◽  
Hermano Hertz de Almeida Capistrano ◽  
Pedro Roberto Nogueira Rocha-Filho ◽  
Marcelo Vinícius do Carmo e Sá
Keyword(s):  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Artificial Diets ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Dry Diet

The present work aimed to assess the partial replacement of artificial diets by wet bioflocs biomass in the culture of Nile tilapia juveniles. Fish were fed on different combinations of commercial dry diets (CD) and wet bioflocs biomass (BF), as it follows: 75% CD + 25% BF, 50% CD + 50% BF, and 25% CD + 75% BF, dry matter basis. There were also positive control tanks in which the fish received only commercial diet (100% CD), and three negative control tanks where the reductions of dry diets were not compensated by wet bioflocs biomass (75% CD, 50% CD, and 25% CD). Bioflocs were produced in one 500-L outdoor tank, which did not belong to the culture system, and it was called “separate BFT tank”, in which there was a daily adjustment of the C: N ratio of water to 15: 1, by the application of dry molasses to the water. There were no significant differences between the treatments for water pH, O2, TAN and NH3. Except by 25% CD, nitrite concentrations in water were lower in bioflocs tanks than in the artificial diet tanks. The final body weight of fish was significantly higher in tanks that received only dry diets (21.9 ± 6.4 g) than in tanks with a combination of 50% dry diet and 50% wet bioflocs biomass (10.4 ± 2.5 g; p < 0.05). It can be concluded that the impairment on the growth performance of tilapia submitted to feeding restriction is lessened if wet bioflocs biomass is provided to the animals. Besides, the total substitution of artificial diets for wet bioflocs biomass in clear-water tanks is unfeasible because it leads to higher rates of mortality of tilapia in a relatively short period. 

scholarly journals Control of the lipid oxidation in Nile tilapia feed

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 1675-1677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Luís Magnani Grassi ◽  
Marcelo Tacconi de Siqueira Marcos ◽  
Elisa Helena Giglio Ponsano
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Bacterial Biomass ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Rubrivivax Gelatinosus ◽  
Experimental Treatments

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this research was to investigate the progress of the rancidity in Nile tilapia diets containing bacterial biomass of Rubrivivax gelatinosus . Six experimental treatments comprised basal diet (negative control), diet with asthaxanthin (positive control) and 4 diets with different concentrations of the bacterial biomass. The thiobarbituric acid assay for rancidity analyses were accomplished after 6 and 12 months of diets storage. It was concluded that Rubrivivax gelatinosus biomass minimized the racidity in Nile tilapia diets in 32.52 to 44.72% at 6 months and in 37.85 to 52.37% at 12 months of storage.

scholarly journals Reassessment of the suitable range of water pH for culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L. in eutrophic water

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Tomaz Rebouças ◽  
Francisco Roberto dos Santos Lima ◽  
Davi De Holanda Cavalcante ◽  
Marcelo Vinícius do Carmo e Sá
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Eutrophic Water ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Water Ph

The present work aimed at reassessing the suitable range of water pH for culture of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L. juveniles in eutrophic water. Two hundred and forty tilapia juveniles (1.37 ± 0.04 g) were stocked in twenty 250-L polyethylene tanks (12 fish per tank) for eight weeks. In the control tanks, the pH of water was not adjusted at any time, varying freely over the entire study. In the slight acidification treatment, the culture water was acidified daily to reach a water pH between 5.5 and 6.5. In the moderate acidification treatment, there were daily applications of HCl solution to reach a water pH between 4.5 and 5.5. In the alkalinization treatment, tanks received daily applications of Na2CO3 and NaOH to achieve a water pH between 8.5 and 9.5. Acidification of water, regardless the degree, i.e., slight or moderate, was not able to significantly affect final body weight, specific growth rate and yield of fish. It can be concluded that the acidification of water up to pH 5.5 has no negative influence on growth of Nile tilapia fingerlings in eutrophic tanks. Accordingly, the suitable range of water pH for rearing Nile tilapia should be set at 5.5 – 9.0. 

scholarly journals Nutrient digestibility of multi-enzyme supplemented low-energy and AA diets for grower pigs1

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (7) ◽  
pp. 2979-2988
Author(s):  
Jung Wook Lee ◽  
Robert Patterson ◽  
Anna Rogiewicz ◽  
Tofuko A Woyengo
Keyword(s):  
Latin Square ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Complete Replacement ◽  
Corn Distillers

Abstract A study was conducted to determine effects of supplementing multi-enzyme on apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of energy and AA; and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of energy for pigs fed low-energy and AA diets. Eight ileal-cannulated barrows (initial BW: 38.7 ± 2.75 kg) were fed four diets in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design to give 8 replicates per diet. Diets were positive control (PC) diet, negative control (NC) diet without or with multi-enzyme at 0.5 or 1.0 g/kg. The PC diet was formulated to meet or exceed NRC (2012) nutrient recommendations for grower pigs (25 to 50 kg), except for Ca and digestible P, which were lower than NRC (2012) recommendations by 0.13 and 0.17 percentage points, respectively, due to phytase supplementation at 1,000 FTU/kg. The NC diet was formulated to be lower in NE by 75 kcal/kg and standardized ileal digestible AA content by a mean of 3%. These reductions were achieved by partial replacement of corn and soybean meal (SBM) and complete replacement of soybean oil and monocalcium phosphate in PC diet with 25% corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) and 3.6% soybean hulls. Multi-enzyme at 1.0 g/kg supplied 1,900 U of xylanase, 300 U of β-glucanase, 1,300 U of cellulase, 11,500 U of amylase, 120 U of mannanase, 850 U of pectinase, 6,000 U of protease, and 700 U of invertase per kilogram of diet. The AID of GE, N, most AA, most component sugars of nonstarch polysaccharides (NSP) and P; ATTD of GE for PC diet was greater (P < 0.05) than those for NC diets. An increase in dietary level of multi-enzyme from 0 to 1.0 g/kg resulted in a linear increase (P < 0.05) in AID of Ile by 4.3%, and tended to linearly increase (P < 0.10) AID of Leu, Met, Phe, and Val by a mean of 3.4%. Increasing dietary multi-enzyme from 0 to 1.0 g/kg linearly increased (P < 0.05) AID of total NSP and P by 53.7% and 19.2%, respectively; ATTD of GE by 8.4% and DE and NE values by 8.8% and 8.2%, respectively; tended to linearly increase (P < 0.10) AID of GE by 8.1%. The NE values for NC diet with multi-enzyme at 1.0 g/kg tended to be greater (P < 0.10) than that for PC diet (2,337 vs. 2,222 kcal/kg of DM). In conclusion, multi-enzyme supplementation improved energy and nutrient digestibilities of a corn–SBM–corn DDGS-based diet, implying that the multi-enzyme fed in the current study can be used to enhance energy and nutrient utilization of low-energy AA diets for grower pigs.

scholarly journals Microalgae Oil as an Effective Alternative Source of EPA and DHA for Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) Aquaculture

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 971
Author(s):  
Ester Santigosa ◽  
Fabio Brambilla ◽  
Luca Milanese
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Gilthead Seabream ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Microalgal Oil

Microalgal oils (AOs) emerged recently as an alternative to fish oil and to nutritionally poorer vegetable oils for fish species. In this trial, two experimental diets containing fish oil (negative control: 2.1%; positive control: 13.8%) and two diets incorporating AO at 3.5 and 0.7% were fed to grow out gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) of 64.5 g initial body weight. After 110 days of experimental feeding, performance (final body weight mean = 147 g) and survival (>99%) were similar across treatments. The highest eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content in positive control (PC) and 3.5 AO feeds (3.11 and 2.18% of diet, respectively) resulted in the highest EPA + DHA deposition in the fillets (18.40 and 12.36 g/100 g fatty acid, respectively), which entirely reflected the dietary fatty acid profile. Feed and fillets from fish fed the AO diets had lower levels of dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Moreover, sensory quality of AO fillets scored equally to the PC fish. Collectively, these findings offer a more resilient means for sustaining the future growth of seabream aquaculture, whilst maintaining the nutritional value of the resulting seafood. The data supports the addition of seabream to the list of aquaculture species where microalgal oil can be used as an ingredient to fulfil their challenging nutritional demands.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary supplementation of ginger on feed conversion ratio, carcass physiognomies and haematological parameters in broiler

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-179
Author(s):  
Md Sadik Al Mahdy ◽  
Md Faridul Islam ◽  
Md Nakibul Hasan ◽  
Ashadul Habib ◽  
Mahmudul Hasan Sikder
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Ginger Extract ◽  
Final Body Weight

This study evaluated the effect of ginger on the growth performance, carcass quality of broiler chickens. A total of 40 broiler chickens were randomly selected into four groups identified as A (1% ginger extract), B (2% ginger extract), C (positive control) and D (negative control). All groups contain equal number of birds (n=10.) Birds were treated with aqueous ginger extract via drinking water. Significant variations (p<0.05) existed between the control and other treatments in mean final body weight, dressed weight, daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio. At the end of experiment (35th day) for 1% ginger extraction treatment the live body weight is 1745gm (p<0.05), dressing weight 1135.3 (p<0.05) and FCR is 1.66 (p<0.05). The usage of the test ingredients had a significant effect (p<0.05) on dressing percentage. Administration of ginger to broiler chickens increased their performance, FCR as well as blood parameters. It is, thus, recommended in broiler chicken production alternative to antibiotic and/or growth promoter.Res. Agric. Livest. Fish.4(3): 173-179, December 2017

scholarly journals Poultry byproducts and swine liver used in diets for Nile tilapia juveniles

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 895-900
Author(s):  
Kerolay Valadão Carvalho ◽  
Thiago Gabriel Luczinski ◽  
Wilson Rogério Boscolo ◽  
Jakeline Marcela Azambuja de Freitas ◽  
Altevir Signor
Keyword(s):  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Protein Hydrolysate ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Swine Liver ◽  
Final Length ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Poultry Byproducts ◽  
Mixed Protein

This study aimed at evaluating diets containing protein hydrolysate from poultry byproducts and swine liver (PHPPL), at different inclusion levels, for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) juveniles. Seven diets were evaluated, being a negative control (free of both hydrolysate and fishmeal) and positive control (free of hydrolysate but containing fishmeal), besides five diets with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5% inclusion of the mixed protein hydrolysate. Significant effects were observed regarding the animals' final length, with higher values with the 1% inclusion level than the negative control. The liver's quantitative evaluation revealed that inclusions above 3% might lead to severe alterations in the organ's morphology. The use of PHPPL in the diets that did not contain fishmeal has shown to be effective in maintaining the performance parameters of Nile tilapia. Thus, its use is recommended considering an inclusion level of 3%.

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK DAUN CIPLUKAN (Physalis angulata L.) TERHADAP SISTEM KEKEBALAN TUBUH IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 259
Author(s):  
Yusrika Octarina ◽  
Eva Prasetiyono ◽  
Dwi Febrianti ◽  
Robin Robin
Keyword(s):  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Leucocyte Count ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Physiological Solution ◽  
Total Leucocyte Count ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Physalis Angulata ◽  
Phagocytosis Activity

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak daun ciplukan (Physalis angulata) sebagai imunostimulan dalam meningkatkan jumlah leukosit dan aktivitas fagositosis pada ikan nila. Ikan nila yang digunakan berukuran panjang 10-12 cm dan bobot 70-90 g. Ikan tersebut diperoleh dari pembudidaya ikan nila di Desa Riding Panjang Kecamatan Merawang. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap tunggal. Rancangan ini terdiri atas lima perlakuan (P), yaitu P1= kontrol positif (penyuntikkan dengan larutan fisiologis), P2= 4% (v/v) (1 mL ekstrak + 24 mL akuades), P3= 8% (v/v) (2 mL ekstrak + 23 mL akuades), P4= 12% (v/v) (3 mL ekstrak + 22 mL akuades) dan P5= kontrol negatif (tanpa penyuntikan). Ekstrak ciplukan diinjeksikan sebanyak 0,1 mL pada setiap ekor ikan secara intra-muskular. Indikator imun yang diamati adalah jumlah total leukosit dan aktivitas fagositosis. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis sidik ragam (ANOVA). Hasil yang menunjukkan pengaruh antara perlakuan, selanjutnya dianalis dengan uji wilayah berganda duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak ciplukan dapat meningkatkan jumlah leukosit dan aktivitas fagositosis. Dosis terbaik dalam meningkatkan respon imun adalah dosis ekstrak P4= 12% (v/v) ekstrak dengan jumlah total leukosit (12,43 x 108 sel/mL) dan aktivitas fagositosis (46,67%).The aim of this research was to determined the effectivity of the extract Physalis angulata as immunostimulant on the amount of total leucocyte count and phagocytosis activity of nile tilapia. The tested fishes were nile tilapia with size of, 10-12 cm in total length, and 70-90 g in weight. The fish were obtained from fish farmers in Riding Panjang village Merawang Sub District. The research was designed in single completely randomized design. There were five levels of treatment (P), with P= positive control (injected with physiological solution), P2= 4% (v/v) (1 mL extract + 24 mL aquadest), P3= 8% (v/v) (2 mL extract + 23 mL aquadest), P4= 12% (v/v) (3 mL extract + 22 mL aquadest) and P5= negative control (without injection). The extract Physalis angulata L. was injected intramuscularly at a dose of 0.1 mL per fish. The immune indicators observed were total leucocyte count and phagocytosis activity). Data analyzed by using analysis of variant (Anova). if there were any significant different between the treatment, analysis continued by duncan”s multiple range test. The results of the research showed that the extract could increase the amount of total leucocyte count and phagocytosis activity. The ciplukan leaves at a dose of 12% (v/v) were the most effective dose in enhancing total leucocyte (12.43 x 108 cell/mL) and phagocytosis activity (46.67%).

scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIULCER AIR ALKALI TERIONISASI PADA MENCIT PUTIH JANTAN (MUS MUSCULUS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriyan Suhada ◽  
Bq. Fitria Maharani ◽  
Ni Komang Wijiani Yanti ◽  
Nur'aini Nur'aini
Keyword(s):  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Damage ◽  
Group Vi ◽  
Alkaline Water ◽  
Water Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Water Ph

Alkaline water is water that has antioxidant content and has a structure that is rich in active hydrogen that can cure stomach ulcers. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of ionized alkaline water as an antiulcers in male white mice (mus musculus). Method of induction of gastric ulcer using aspirin, used as many as 24 male mice (mus musculus) aged 2-3 months used as mice test animals divided into 6 groups each group consisting of 3 animals all groups were given ulcer treatment for 7 days, then group I (negative control) were given aquadest group II (positive control) were given sucralfate, group III were given ph 8 alkaline water group IV was given ph 9.0 alkaline water, group V was given ph 9.5 alkaline water, and group VI was given alkaline water pH 11.5 treatment of each group for the next 7 days on the 14th day the mice were dissected and the gastric mucosa structure was observed and the mucosal damage value was determined. The results showed that alkaline water 9.5 and 11.5 had lower mucosal damage values than negative controls. It can be concluded that the alkaline water ph 9.5 and 11.5 are said to be effective in reducing gastric mucosal damage compared to the negative group given aquadest.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary supplementation of ginger extract on growth, carcass characteristics and haematological parameters in broilers

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudipta Talukder ◽  
Md Mehedi Hasan ◽  
Zakaria Al Noman ◽  
Yousuf Ali Sarker ◽  
Torun Kumar Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Ginger Extract ◽  
Final Body Weight

This study evaluated the effect of ginger on the growth performance, carcass quality of broiler chickens. 20 broiler chickens were randomly selected into two treatment groups identified as T1 and T2 with a positive control and a negative control group. Each treatment contained with five birds. Birds on T1 were treated with 1% ginger extract and T2 was treated with 2% ginger extract via drinking water. Significant variations (p<0.05) existed between the control and other treatments in mean final body weight, dressed weight, daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio. At the end of experiment (35th day) for 1% ginger extraction treatment the live body weight is 1746gm (p<0.05), dressing weight 1106.4 (p<0.05) and FCR is 1.67(p<0.05). The usage of the test ingredients had a significant effect (p<0.05) on dressing percentage. Supplementation of ginger improves the performance of broilers when added at the rate of 1% of broiler ration and can be a possible alternative to antibiotic growth promoter in the feeding of broiler chicken.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2017, 3(2): 211-215

scholarly journals MASCULINIZATION OF NILE TILAPIA (Oreochromis niloticus) USING JAVA LONG PEPPER (Piper retrofractum) EXTRACT THROUGH LARVAL IMMERSION

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Hafizhotur Rohmaniah ◽  
Denny Syaputra ◽  
Ahmad Fahrul Syarif
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Absolute Weight ◽  
Length Growth ◽  
Weight Growth ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Absolute Length

The aimed of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of java long pepper extract in the increasing of the percentage of males nile tilapia. The design of experiment was completely randomized design with 5 treatments i.e : A (negative control), B (1,99 mg L-1), C (3,99 mg L-1), D (5,99 mg L-1) and positive control (20 mg L-1 17α-metiltestosteron) with three replicates per level of treatment. Immersion of 10-day-old larvae for 24 hours with 50 larvae in 10 L medium of treatments and cultivated for 60 days and identification of gender using the acetocarmin method. The results showed that java long pepper extract was effective to increase the percentage of males with dose of 1,99 mg L-1 (81,78±6,81%), 3,99 mg L-1 (79,00±2,99%) and 5,99 mg L-1 (87,42±4,85%) while the negative control 39,23±7,74%. Java long pepper extract dose of 5,99 mg L-1 were not significantly different with the treatment of 17α-metiltestosteron i.e : 91,71±3,93%. Percentage of survival rate 47.33±3.06% to 53.33±8.08%, specific growth rate 3,14±0,15% to 3,40±0,08%, absolute weight growth 1.97±0.59 g to 3.07±0.38 g and absolute length growth of 3.73±0.55 cm to 3.95±0.16 cm. Java long pepper extract gives a significant effects to the spesific growth  rate and absolute weight growth. Treatment A, B, C, D and E had no effect on survival rate and the absolute length growth of nile tilapia during 60 days cultivation period.

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