scholarly journals URBAN CRISIS AND THE ANTIVALUE IN DAVID HARVEY

Mercator ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2020) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Márcio Moraes Valença
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Production ◽  
The State ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Urban Crisis ◽  
Economic Reason ◽  
Surplus Value ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Theory Of Value

This text discusses and explains the relation between the urban crisis today and the antivalue in respect to the conceptual framework by David Harvey, a well-known British geographer. He approaches this theme in many of his books, including ‘Marx, capital and the madness of economic reason’, published in Brazil, in 2018. This text uses this book as a starting point for the discussion of how the contemporary world, which is increasingly urban, is dominated by the Empire of antivalue, especially in the form of a growing debt. The antivalue, in the form of capital holder of interest, plays a crucial role in the accumulation of capital, articulating production, circulation and realization of commodities, promoting and facilitating the geographical movement of capital and the transfer of capital between economic circuits and cycles of production. However, debt is the favorite form of antivalue under capitalism today. In addition to being supported and granted by the State in a variety of ways, including through public debt, debt imprisons all economic agents in perpetual servitude. Debt follows the tendency of continuous production of value and surplus value under capitalism, a movement that Harvey calls bad infinity. Antivalue in its form of debt is also called fetishism of capital, which defines the contradictory situation in which money alone seems to have the magic powers to create more money. The consequences of growing debt to the urban crisis go beyond the necessity of solving fiscal problems of the State. The need to produce value and surplus value, in addition to the service of the debt generates urban spaces marked by gentrification and segregation. In sum, the text discusses the urban crisis today in the context of the domination by the financial-real estate complex, basing the discussion on Marx’s theory of value and the concept of antivalue, as presented by David Harvey.

scholarly journals Re/-Production: Identity, Queer, and Labor in the Work of Angela Mitropoulos

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Jovita Pristovšek
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Sexual Reproduction ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
Surplus Value ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
The Status ◽  
Theory Of Value ◽  
The One

The following paper analyses the status of identity, queer, and labor in relation to re-/production, as shown in the recently published book by Angela Mitropoulos, entitled Contract and Contagion. From Biopolitics to Oikonomia (2012). The aim of this paper is to suggest that oikonomia, as elaborated by Mitropoulos, is a biopolitical heterosexual oikonomia, where we should emphasize its necropolitical intensification that reaches beyond the border of the biopolitical, meaning that it literally breeds death (necro), or in other words, the state reproduces itself by extracting the surplus value from death and war machines. The above transformation will be – in reference to the formulation of Marina Gržinić – called “necropolitical intensification of biopolitics” – while at the same time pointing also to two triads of reproduction of capital/sex/labor and race that are the one of necessity/contingency/value and the other of debt/risk/law of value. My intention is to show how the sexual reproduction is incorporated into the capitalist system through the maximization of the theory of value. Author(s): Jovita Pristovšek Title (English): Re/-Production: Identity, Queer, and Labor in the Work of Angela Mitropoulos Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 10, No. 1-2 (Summer-Winter 2013) Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities – Skopje  Page Range: 20-28 Page Count: 9 Citation (English): Jovita Pristovšek, “Re/-Production: Identity, Queer, and Labor in the Work of Angela Mitropoulos,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 10, No. 1-2 (Summer-Winter 2013): 20-28.

R. K. Singh: The Poet Who Celebrates 'senses' to attain 'Nirvana'

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-154
Author(s):  
Ram Thakur
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Inside Out

This paper discusses a few of R.K.Singh’s characteristic poetic traits that make him stand apart from all his contemporary Indian poets writing in English. His poetry is an honest attempt to portray the contemporary world in its true hue and color; present an inside-out delineation of the modern man; and touch upon all the so-called ‘untouchable’ i.e., topics such as ‘Sex’, ‘Prostitution’, ‘Cultural Degradation’, ‘Stinking Politics’, ‘Religion’, etc. Reader finds Singh celebrating all his senses in his ‘unique’ attempt to attain the state of complete ‘Peace’ or ‘Calm’. His poetry serves as a medium for him to reach the state of ‘nirvana’. Reader finds Singh’s poetry as a prism that diffracts the worldly affairs into different spectrums, analyses each, and again sums it all into a single hue of liberation and peace with ‘detachment’ displaying the mark of a seasoned ‘yogi’. The paper aims to encourage other researchers and people in the academia to explore recent band of emerging Indian poets expressing themselves in English.

When the State Speaks, What Should It Say?

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey Brettschneider
Keyword(s):  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
The State ◽  
Hate Groups ◽  
New Approach ◽  
State Action ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
Theory Of Value ◽  
The Right ◽  
Equal Citizenship ◽  
The Ideal

How should a liberal democracy respond to hate groups and others that oppose the ideal of free and equal citizenship? The democratic state faces the hard choice of either protecting the rights of hate groups and allowing their views to spread, or banning their views and violating citizens' rights to freedoms of expression, association, and religion. Avoiding the familiar yet problematic responses to these issues, this book proposes a new approach called value democracy. The theory of value democracy argues that the state should protect the right to express illiberal beliefs, but the state should also engage in democratic persuasion when it speaks through its various expressive capacities: publicly criticizing, and giving reasons to reject, hate-based or other discriminatory viewpoints. Distinguishing between two kinds of state action—expressive and coercive—the book contends that public criticism of viewpoints advocating discrimination based on race, gender, or sexual orientation should be pursued through the state's expressive capacities as speaker, educator, and spender. When the state uses its expressive capacities to promote the values of free and equal citizenship, it engages in democratic persuasion. By using democratic persuasion, the state can both respect rights and counter hateful or discriminatory viewpoints. The book extends this analysis from freedom of expression to the freedoms of religion and association, and shows that value democracy can uphold the protection of these freedoms while promoting equality for all citizens.

Establishing knowledge-based and digital cooperation between small and medium-sized businesses, science and the State through a cluster approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 2089-2110
Author(s):  
A.V. Ivanchenko ◽  
E.S. Mezentseva
Keyword(s):  
Financial Support ◽  
Triple Helix ◽  
The State ◽  
Sverdlovsk Oblast ◽  
Cluster Approach ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Cluster Network ◽  
Digital Development

Subject. This article discusses the issues of innovative and digital development of the economy. Objectives. The article aims to justify the benefits of cluster cooperation and networking between different structures. Methods. For the study, we used systems, logical, structural, and comparative analyses, generalization and statistical methods, and the cluster-network and institutional approaches. Results. The article substantiates the role and position of small business in the innovation development of the Sverdlovsk Oblast and identifies trends of innovation and digital advancement. Conclusions. The cluster theory, supplemented with the Triple Helix concept, can be a basis for rationale for effective ways of integrating economic agents. Small innovative business has significant potential for sustainability, but it needs additional financial support from the State.

The Constitutional Principle of Accountability: A Study of Contemporary South African Case Law

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuks Okpaluba
Keyword(s):  
Judicial Review ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Case Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Constitutional Principle ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Law ◽  
Constitutional Right ◽  
The Many

‘Accountability’ is one of the democratic values entrenched in the Constitution of South Africa, 1996. It is a value recognised throughout the Constitution and imposed upon the law-making organs of state, the Executive, the Judiciary and all public functionaries. This constitutional imperative is given pride of place among the other founding values: equality before the law, the rule of law and the supremacy of the Constitution. This study therefore sets out to investigate how the courts have grappled with the interpretation and application of the principle of accountability, the starting point being the relationship between accountability and judicial review. Therefore, in the exercise of its judicial review power, a court may enquire whether the failure of a public functionary to comply with a constitutional duty of accountability renders the decision made illegal, irrational or unreasonable. One of the many facets of the principle of accountability upon which this article dwells is to ascertain how the courts have deployed that expression in making the state and its agencies liable for the delictual wrongs committed against an individual in vindication of a breach of the individual’s constitutional right in the course of performing a public duty. Here, accountability and breach of public duty; the liability of the state for detaining illegal immigrants contrary to the prescripts of the law; the vicarious liability of the state for the criminal acts of the police and other law-enforcement officers (as in police rape cases and misuse of official firearms by police officers), and the liability of the state for delictual conduct in the context of public procurement are discussed. Having carefully analysed the available case law, this article concludes that no public functionary can brush aside the duty of accountability wherever it is imposed without being in breach of a vital constitutional mandate. Further, it is the constitutional duty of the courts, when called upon, to declare such act or conduct an infringement of the Constitution.

OWNERSHIP IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA AND THE STATE AS THE HOLDER OF THE PROPERTY RIGHT UNDER THE CONSTITUTION IN 1991

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1993-2005
Author(s):  
Shemsije Demiri ◽  
Rudina Kaja
Keyword(s):  
Legal Aspect ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
State Function ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Republic

This paper deals with the right to property in general terms from its source in Roman law, which is the starting point for all subsequent legal systems. As a result of this, the acquisition of property rights is handled from the historical point of view, with the inclusion of various local and international literature and studies, as well as the legal aspect devoted to the respective civil codes of the states cited in the paper.Due to such socio-economic developments, state ownership and its ownership function have changed. The state function as owner of property also changed in Macedonia's property law.The new constitutional sequence of the Republic of Macedonia since 1991 became privately owned as a dominant form of ownership, however, state ownership also exists.This process of transforming social property into state or private (dissolves), in Macedonia starts from Yugoslavia through privatization, return and denationalization measures, on which basis laws on privatization have been adopted. Because of this, there will be particularly intensive negotiations regaring the remaining state assets.

Leviathan on a Leash

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Fleming
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Sovereign Debt ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Thomas Hobbes ◽  
The State ◽  
State Responsibility ◽  
Modern Politics ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The World

States are commonly blamed for wars, called on to apologize, held liable for debts and reparations, bound by treaties, and punished with sanctions. But what does it mean to hold a state responsible as opposed to a government, a nation, or an individual leader? Under what circumstances should we assign responsibility to states rather than individuals? This book demystifies the phenomenon of state responsibility and explains why it is a challenging yet indispensable part of modern politics. Taking Thomas Hobbes' theory of the state as a starting point, the book presents a theory of state responsibility that sheds new light on sovereign debt, historical reparations, treaty obligations, and economic sanctions. Along the way, it overturns longstanding interpretations of Hobbes' political thought, explores how new technologies will alter the practice of state responsibility as we know it, and develops new accounts of political authority, representation, and legitimacy. The book argues that Hobbes' idea of the state offers a far richer and more realistic conception of state responsibility than the theories prevalent today and demonstrates that Hobbes' Leviathan is much more than an anthropomorphic “artificial man.” The book is essential reading for political theorists, scholars of international relations, international lawyers, and philosophers. It recovers a forgotten understanding of state personality in Hobbes' thought and shows how to apply it to the world of imperfect states in which we live.

IT for Peace? Fighting Against Terrorism in Social Media – An Explorative Twitter Study

i-com ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Reuter ◽  
Katja Pätsch ◽  
Elena Runft
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
The Internet ◽  
New Members ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Media

AbstractThe Internet and especially social media are not only used for supposedly good purposes. For example, the recruitment of new members and the dissemination of ideologies of terrorism also takes place in the media. However, the fight against terrorism also makes use of the same tools. The type of these countermeasures, as well as the methods, are covered in this work. In the first part, the state of the art is summarized. The second part presents an explorative empirical study of the fight against terrorism in social media, especially on Twitter. Different, preferably characteristic forms are structured within the scope with the example of Twitter. The aim of this work is to approach this highly relevant subject with the goal of peace, safety and safety from the perspective of information systems. Moreover, it should serve following researches in this field as basis and starting point.

scholarly journals Root causes and ways of the settlement of ethno-political conflicts

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 390-392
Author(s):  
V. V. Naumkin
Keyword(s):  
World Order ◽  
Political Conflict ◽  
The State ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Political Conflicts ◽  
Characteristic Features

The presentation analyzes three belts of ethno-political conflict that directly affect the national interests of Russia. The link between ethno-political processes and globalization is highlighted, uncovering a number of challenges. Seven characteristic features of the contemporary world order are identified and their influence on the state of ethno-political conflicts and the prospects for their settlement are discussed.

scholarly journals The Role of State in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals in Slovenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Senko Plicanic
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Active Role ◽  
The State ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
State And Local

<p>The article analyses the importance of an active role of the state in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Its starting point is that despite the fact that today there is a growing recognition in the world that for the implementation of sustainable development an active role of the state and local self-governing communities is indispensable and despite the fact that in Slovenia such a role of the state in implementing sustainable development stems from its Constitution, so far, too little has been done in Slovenia to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. The purpose of this article is to analyse theoretical arguments and the Constitution in order to show the need for an active role of the state in implementing sustainable development goals, and also to discuss basic steps to be implemented in order to achieve an active role of the state in Slovenia. In this article comparative and analytical methods were used in studying the literature and regulation. The article, based on theoretical arguments and the constitutional analysis, identifies the need for an active role of the state in implementing sustainable development goals, and proposes arguments for it and also basic steps toward an active role of the state. The discussed topic is new and this article contributes to the field some fundamental arguments for the active role of state and for the more comprehensive policy-making. The article offers theoretical and constitutional arguments to be implemented in order to transform the present role of the state from a passive one into an active role and its findings are meant to be used by policy-makers and law-makers as a significant argument to pursue more active role of the state in implementing sustainable development goals.</p>

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