A Folk Medicine: Passiflora incarnata L – Phytochemical Profile with Antioxidant Potency

Background: One of the four most incident species in mangrove is the Laguncularia racemosa, plant widely used in popular medicine against inflammation and fever. Objective: Here, L. racemosa was investigated in relation to their phytochemical profile, antioxidant activity, citotoxicity, antimicrobial and immunostimulatory effect. Method: Aqueous extract was obtained from leaves of plant, its phytochemical profile was investigated through UPLC method, the antioxidant assays performed were TAA, DPPH, ABTS, nitrite and lipid peroxidation assay. Antimicrobial assays were made using standard strains. For all biological tests were used mice splenocytes and from these cell cultures were measured cytotoxicity, proliferation index and cytokines production. Results: Laguncularia racemosa leaves showed the presence of ions, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins and high concentration of phenolic compounds. Antioxidant activities were promoted by aqueous extract, especially in DPPH and NO assays. Extract in 6 µg/mL did not induce significant cell death, stimulated the cell proliferation and the IL-4 production. Moreover, decreases of proinflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-6 were found. Conclusion: The presence of essential nutrients, significant antioxidant activity and immune stimulation confirm the use of this plant in folk medicine against inflammation.

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PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILE OF MEYNA SPINOSA ROXB. EX LINK.

10.36106/ijsr/2644970 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 38-41

Author(s):

Pashupati Yadav ◽

Rimjhim Sheel ◽

Baidyanath Kumar

Keyword(s):

Folk Medicine ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Aqueous Extracts ◽

Small Tree ◽

Polar Solvents ◽

Plant Parts ◽

Stomach Pain ◽

Ethnomedicinal Plant ◽

Health Related ◽

Phytochemical Profile

Background: Meyna spinosa of family Rubiaceae is a spinous, armed small tree or large shrub. It is a signicant ethnomedicinal plant widely distributed in India, Bangladesh, China, and Myanmar. The plant parts of Meyna spinosa has been consumed as traditional or folk medicine to treat different health-related problems such as diabetes, diphtheria, stomach pain, headache, liver problem, indigestion, throbbing urination, and skin problems such as pimples and acne problems. Aim: To study the phytochemical prole of stem and leaves of M. spinosa Objectives: To study the presence or absence of phytochemicals in polar and non polar solvents. Method: The different phytochemicals of Meyna spinosa in their stem and leaves have been analysed qualitatively and quantitatively in three non-polar solvents viz., chloroform, petroleum ether and hexane and three polar viz., ethanol, methanol and distilled water in terms of Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Glycosides, Saponins, Phenols, Steroids, Tannins and terpenoids, diterpinoids etc. Results: The solvent extracts of stem and leaves of M. spinosa showed the presence of alkaloids, avonoids, phenolics, saponins, tannins, carbohydrates, glycosides, steroids, phlobatannin, terpenoids, diterpenoid, anthraquinones, carotenoids, anthocyanin, coumarin, fatty acids, proteins, amino acids, emodins and phytosterol. The stem and leaves of Meyna spinosa contain a signicant amount of phytochemicals viz. alkaloid, avonoids, phenolic, saponins and tannin. However, stem contained relatively higher amounts of phytochemicals than leaves. Conclusions:The present study contributes valuable information of bioactive compounds in stem and leaves of Meyna spinosa. Methanol, ethanol and aqueous extracts of stem and leaves had all the phytochemicals like avonoids, glycosides, saponins, phenols, steroids, tannins and terpenoids.

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Genotoxicity assessment of Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl. (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae) in somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster (Meigen, 1830) (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

Brazilian Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.21472/bjbs.051023 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (10) ◽

pp. 471-479

Author(s):

Silmara de Moraes Pantaleão ◽

Jéssica Adele dos Santos ◽

Thalyta Linacher ◽

Clisiane Carla de Souza Santos ◽

Charles dos Santos Estevam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Plant Species ◽

Somatic Mutation ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Somatic Cells ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Genotoxic Effects ◽

Medicinal Use ◽

Phytochemical Profile

Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl. (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae) has been used in the Brazilian folk medicine to treat several illnesses. However, the phytochemical profile of S. brasiliensis as well as its genotoxic potential are poorly understood, which compromises population safety regarding the medicinal use of this plant species. In this study, we analyzed the genotoxic effects of S. brasiliensis using the Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) of Drosophila melanogaster. Larvae from both standard cross (ST) and high bioactivation capacity cross (HB) were exposed to different concentrations of the hydroetanolic extract and ethyl acetate fraction of S. brasiliensis. We analyzed wings from D. melanogaster according to the type and number of mutant hair. Ours results suggested no genotoxic activity of S. brasiliensis in D. melanogaster somatic cells.

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Anatomy, histochemistry and phytochemical profile of leaf and stem bark of Bathysa cuspidata (Rubiaceae)

Australian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1071/bt11315 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 49 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Victor Peçanha de Miranda Coelho ◽

João Paulo Viana Leite ◽

Líria Granato Nunes ◽

Marília Contin Ventrella

Keyword(s):

Environmental Sustainability ◽

High Performance ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Plant Parts ◽

The Family ◽

Pharmacological Studies ◽

Phytochemical Profile ◽

Microscopy Techniques ◽

Layer Chromatography

Bathysa cuspidata (A. St. Hil.) Hook. f. ex K. Schum. is a species native to the Atlantic Rainforest of Brazil, with stem bark currently used in folk medicine. Uncontrolled bark collections cause problems of environmental sustainability, making it necessary to evaluate more abundant and renewable new sources of raw plant material, such as leaves. This work evaluated the anatomy, histochemistry and phytochemistry of leaves and stem bark of B. cuspidata, aiming to find similarities in the chemical composition between these plant parts and to provide anatomical data to supplement the quality control of this plant drug. Common light and scanning electron microscopy techniques were used in the anatomical and histochemical studies. Thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography were used for the phytochemistry analysis. The concentration of total phenolics was determined using the Folin–Ciocalteau method and the contents of proanthocyanidins using the vanillin reagent. The leaves and bark of B. cuspidata display morphoanatomical characters common to the family Rubiaceae. The histochemical and phytochemical results reveal similarities and differences between the leaves and bark of B. cuspidata, suggesting that the extracts of both parts should be considered and subjected to pharmacological studies in order to investigate the effectiveness of the therapeutic actions reported in folk medicine.

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Comparative Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Different Extracts of Traditionally Used Romanian Ajuga genevensis L. and A. reptans L. (Lamiaceae)

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24081597 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (8) ◽

pp. 1597 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Anca Toiu ◽

Andrei Mocan ◽

Laurian Vlase ◽

Alina Elena Pârvu ◽

Dan Cristian Vodnar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Folk Medicine ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Ajuga Reptans ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Inflammatory Mechanism ◽

Biological Potential ◽

Phytochemical Profile ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Ethanol Extracts

Several Ajuga species are used in Romanian folk medicine for their antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, to treat pain, fever or arthritis. Still, the active compounds responsible for these effects and their mechanism of action are scarcely known. This research was designed to investigate the phytochemical profile (e.g. iridoids, polyphenolic compounds, phytosterols), as well as the biological potential (antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory properties) of two selected Ajuga species collected from different regions of Romanian spontaneous flora. The main compounds identified in A. reptans aerial parts extracts were 8-O-acetylharpagide, isoquercitrin and β-sitosterol, whilst in A. genevensis were 8-O-acetylharpagide, luteolin and campesterol. The extracts were screened for their antioxidant potential using different methods (DPPH, TEAC, EPR) and the results showed a good activity, in accordance with the polyphenol content (18–26 mg GAE/g dw). The antifungal activity on the tested strains was good. The determination of few parameters linked with the inflammatory mechanism allowed the assessment of in vivo anti-inflammatory potential. Ajuga reptans and A. genevensis ethanol extracts had anti-inflammatory activity through lowering the oxidative stress, phagocytosis, PMN and total leukocytes. The best anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activity was observed for the Ajuga reptans 100 mg dw/mL extract when compared with diclofenac, thus the dose could be correlated with the pharmacological effect. These findings provide substantial evidence that both selected Ajuga species have the potential to be valued as sources of phytochemicals in effective anti-inflammatory herbal preparations.

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Spondias purpureaL. (Anacardiaceae): Antioxidant and Antiulcer Activities of the Leaf Hexane Extract

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2017/6593073 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Cynthia Layse Ferreira de Almeida ◽

Samara Alves Brito ◽

Temístocles Italo de Santana ◽

Henrique Bandeira Alves Costa ◽

Carlson Helder Reis de Carvalho Júnior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Reduced Glutathione ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Hexane Extract ◽

Phytochemical Profile ◽

Ulcerative Lesions ◽

Spondias Purpurea ◽

Layer Chromatography ◽

Necrosis Factor

Spondias purpureais used in folk medicine to treat diarrhea and diuresis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical profile and antioxidant and antiulcer activities of the hexane extract of the leaves ofS. purpurea(SpHE). Phytochemical profile was evaluated via thin layer chromatography (TLC) and HPLC. SpHE was screened for antioxidant activities using DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and phosphomolybdenum assays. To determine its antiulcer properties, animals were pretreated with injured control, lansoprazole, ranitidine, carbenoxolone, or SpHE (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg) and were screened; acute ulcers were induced by HCl/ethanol, absolute ethanol, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). TLC revealed the presence of flavonoids, whereas HPLC analysis showed the presence of caffeic acid and epigallocatechin. The phenolic compounds andin vitroassays showed antioxidant activity. After gastric ulcer induction by using HCl/ethanol, SpHE reduced the area of ulcerative lesions by 82, 91, and 88%, respectively. In ethanol, SpHE reduced the area of ulcerative lesions by 77, 93, and 92%, respectively. In the NSAID, the percentages of protection were 70, 76, and 78%, respectively. SpHE promoted the minimization of ulcers, increased the levels of reduced glutathione, and decreased tumor necrosis factor.S. purpureahas antioxidant and antiulcer properties.

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Cytogenotoxic potential of Terminalia actinophylla (Mart.) bark in Allium cepa L.

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v9i9.7322 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. e353997322

Author(s):

Francisca Mairana Silva de Sousa ◽

José Rafael da Silva Araujo ◽

Luciana Maria Fortes Castelo Branco Couto ◽

Regina Maria Silva Sousa ◽

Maria das Dores Alves Oliveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Allium Cepa ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Allium Cepa L ◽

Phytochemical Profile ◽

Chromosomal Changes ◽

Harmful Effects ◽

Total Average

Terminalia actinophylla (Mart), commonly known as "chapada", is used in folk medicine for the treatment of diarrhea, diabetes and anti-inflammatory. However, studies on its toxicity are still incipient. The present work was carried out with the objective of evaluating the phytochemical profile and the cytogenotoxic effect of the ethanolic extract of the T. actinophylla bark using the Allium cepa L. seed. Seeds of A. cepa were subjected to different extract concentrations (1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/mL), a negative control (NC - distilled water) as well as trifluralin (PC - positive control), during 24 h of exposure. The phytochemical profile of the extract was obtained to identify the main secondary metabolites. The cytotoxicity (mitotic index) and the genotoxicity (chromosomal alterations) were analyzed by means of the collection of 5,000 meristematic cells. The statistical analysis was carried out using the Kruskal-Wallis test (p<0.05). The phytochemicals present in the extract were tannins, saponins and reducing sugars. Only the lowest concentration (1.25 mg/ml) of T. actinophylla was cytotoxic in comparison with NC. There was a significant increase in the total average of chromosomal changes to lower concentrations (1.25 and 2.5 mg/ml) compared to NC. Probably, phytochemicals in the extract interfere with the cell cycle and cause DNA damage in A. cepa in lower concentrations. However, if bad studies must be carried out on mammals, since the extract with medicinal purpose can have harmful effects on the organism.

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A Review on Phytochemical & Pharmacological Profile of Pergularia Daemia linn.

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics ◽

10.22270/jddt.v9i4-s.3426 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (4-s) ◽

pp. 809-814 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Raman R Chandak ◽

Nachiket S Dighe

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Perennial Herb ◽

Pharmacological Profile ◽

Care Needs ◽

The Road ◽

Western Ghats Of India ◽

Phytochemical Profile ◽

Ethnobotanical Uses ◽

Pharmacological Potential

Many indigenous Indian medicinal plants have been found to be successfully used to manage diabetes and some of them have been tested and active principles isolated. However, search for new antidiabetic drugs for effective treatment is on. The vast majority of people on this planet still rely on their traditional material medica (medicinal plants and other materials) for their everyday health care needs. It is also a fact that one quarter of all medical prescriptions are formulations based on substances derived from plants or plant-derived synthetic analogs. The herbal drug from tribal region is selected for the study which is used for diabetes andliver diseases. Pergularia daemia (Asclepiadaceae) is a perennial herb growing widely along the road sides of India. It has been used in folk medicine for the treatment of Dibetis mellitus &liver disorders. It is widely distributed in the tropical and sub tropicalregions of the world. Various phytochemical including terpenoid, flavonoids, sterols and cardenolids have been isolated andidentified from the various parts of the plant (leaves, stems, shoots, roots, seeds and fruits whole plant). P. daemia widely used by various tribal communities in Western Ghats of India for the treatment of variety of ailments, while predominantly the roots of theplant have been used to treat liver disease and jaundice.The present review article aims towards medicinal Pharmacological potential, Bioactive remedies, Phytochemical profile and other important aspects of P. daemia. Keywords: Ethnobotanical uses, Pergularia daemia, Pharmacological Profile, Phytochemical Profile

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Lady's mantle (Alchemilla vulgaris L., Rosaceae): A review of traditional uses, phytochemical profile, and biological properties

Lekovite sirovine ◽

10.5937/leksir2040066t ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 66-74

Author(s):

Vanja Tadić ◽

Nemanja Krgović ◽

Ana Žugić

Keyword(s):

Biological Activities ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Chemical Profile ◽

In Vivo Experiments ◽

Gastrointestinal Complaints ◽

Phytochemical Profile ◽

Phenolcarboxylic Acids

Lady's mantle (Alchemilla vulgaris L. syn. Alchemilla xanthochlora Rothm., Rosaceae) has been commonly used in folk medicine to heal inflammations in the mouth, bleeding of the nose, furuncules, gynaecological (menorrhagia and dysmenorrhoea), and gastrointestinal disorders. Although therapeutic indications for lady's mantle are non-specific diarrhoea and gastrointestinal complaints, it has been reported to exert, as well, a variety of biological activities, including wound healing, antimicrobial, neuroprotective, gastroprotective, cytotoxic, and antioxidant. Lady's mantle presents a valuable source of natural bioactive compounds, mostly phenolic compounds - a large amount of tannins, phenolcarboxylic acids, and flavonoids, being responsible for the abovementioned effects. In this work, a literature review of biological properties, investigated in in vitro and in vivo experiments in regard to the determined chemical profile is presented. In addition, the data reported are discussed, and the directions for further investigations are proposed.

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Potential Uses of Vinegar as a Medicine and Related in vivo Mechanisms

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000440 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 86 (3-4) ◽

pp. 127-151 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Zeshan Ali ◽

Zhenbin Wang ◽

Rai Muhammad Amir ◽

Shoaib Younas ◽

Asif Wali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Structure ◽

Review Paper ◽

Heart Diseases ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Active Role ◽

Current Review ◽

Different Types ◽

Positive Effect

While the use of vinegar to fi ght against infections and other crucial conditions dates back to Hippocrates, recent research has found that vinegar consumption has a positive effect on biomarkers for diabetes, cancer, and heart diseases. Different types of vinegar have been used in the world during different time periods. Vinegar is produced by a fermentation process. Foods with a high content of carbohydrates are a good source of vinegar. Review of the results of different studies performed on vinegar components reveals that the daily use of these components has a healthy impact on the physiological and chemical structure of the human body. During the era of Hippocrates, people used vinegar as a medicine to treat wounds, which means that vinegar is one of the ancient foods used as folk medicine. The purpose of the current review paper is to provide a detailed summary of the outcome of previous studies emphasizing the role of vinegar in treatment of different diseases both in acute and chronic conditions, its in vivo mechanism and the active role of different bacteria.

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