Clinicopathological Effects of Oral Administration of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Charcoal–Tree (Trema Orientalis Linn Blume) in Jamnapari Crossbred Goats

The present study was aimed at evaluating the clinicopathological changes due to oral administration of ethanol leaf extract of Trema orientalis (ELETO) in Jamnapari crossbred goats. The clinical manifestations, gross and histopathological changes in the major vital organs were used as indices of the toxicity. The severity of gross and microscopic changes were evaluated by scoring technique. Twenty goats weighing between 15-20kg were divided into four groups with five goats in each group in a completely randomized design. The test groups I, II, III were administered ELETO at the dosages of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0g/kg b.wt per os/day respectively, for 14 days while, group IV served as a control. Groups II and III showed decreased appetite whereas, group III showed bilateral congestion of ocular mucous membrane, lacrimation, rectal tenesmus and a significant decrease in body weight compared to control. The main gross and microscopic changes were mild to moderate and included; engorgement of the gall bladder, congestion and icteric liver, hepatocellular degeneration, vacuolation, necrosis and renal congestion observed mainly in group III goats. The results indicate that the ELETO was hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic at continued oral doses equal to or more than 2.0g/kg b.wt in goats but no significant toxicity when used at lowers doses. Therefore, special caution should be taken when keeping goats in areas with T. orientalis. Keywords: Ethanol extract, Trema orientalis, Clinicopathological changes, Goatsv

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UJI TOKSISITAS AKUT EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KEREHAU (Callicarpa longifolia Lam.) TERHADAP MENCIT PUTIH

Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung ◽

10.51352/jim.v1i2.24 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 127

Author(s):

Eka Siswanto ◽

Desy Nur Indah Sari ◽

Supomo Supomo

Keyword(s):

Lethal Dose ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Group Iv ◽

Group Iii ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Group I ◽

Ld50 Value ◽

And Control ◽

Dose Levels ◽

Selection Of

Leaves kerehau (Callicarpa longifolia Lam.) is one of the plants used for the treatment of malaria, ulcers, diarrhea, treatment after delivery, and fever, by drinking boiled water. Report usage and security kerehau leaves are still very few. The purpose of this study to determine the potential for acute toxicity by determining the value of LD50 (Lethal Dose 50) in 4 dose-rise that dose I, II, III, and IV of the ethanol extract of the leaves kerehau against this mice. The Research. Pharmacologically using experimental methods using a completely randomized design pattern is undirectional in the selection of test animals, They are 25 mice were divided into five groups (5 mice each group), with observed 4 hours to determine the toxic symptoms and continued observation every 24 hours for 7 days to see death. Results from this study show from 4 dose levels, dose group I = 16g / kg, group II = 8g / kg, group III = 4g / kg and group IV = 2g / kg and control = 0.5 ml Na-CMC. Symptoms namely the observation of behavior and neuromuscular but not on observations of the autonomic nervous, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and skin. LD50 value obtained is expressed by the LD50 (16g / kg) were categorized as practically non-toxic (> 15g / kg)

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Effects of Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Tenore) Steenis) Extracts on the Levels of Malondialdehyde (MDA) in Cataract Goat Lenses

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2021/6617292 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Feriyani Feriyani ◽

Hady Maulanza ◽

Rodiah Rahmawaty Lubis ◽

Ummu Balqis ◽

Darmawi Darmawi

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Positive Control ◽

Group Iv ◽

Diabetic Cataract ◽

Group V ◽

Group Iii ◽

Pathological Conditions ◽

Group I ◽

High Oxidative Stress

Cataracts are one of the most causes of blindness in the world. Oxidative stress can form pathological conditions such as cataracts. This oxidative stress ability can be measured by the malondialdehyde (MDA) biomarker. Binahong leaves (Anredera cordifolia (Tenore) Steenis) are native plants from Indonesia that are used to treat various diseases including cataract treatment. Binahong leaf (Anredera cordifolia (Tenore) Steenis) has a high amount of flavonoids and is rich in antioxidants that can be used to treat cataracts. Objective. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of binahong leaf extract on the levels of MDA in a goat lens with cataract-induced material. Method. As many as possible, 40 goat eye lenses were divided into several groups, namely, group I normal lenses as controls (glucose 5.5 mM), group II lenses were cataract induced with glucose concentration of 55 mM, group III lenses with glucose 55 mM + binahong leaf extract (100 μg/ml), group IV lens with glucose 55 mM + binahong leaf extract (200 μg/ml), and group V lens with glucose 55 mM + quercetin (positive control). Biochemical parameters measured in the lens homogenate are malondialdehyde lens morphology in all groups’ observations and comparisons made. Results. The results of the study found that the lens group with the addition of binahong extract showed more results transparency compared to lens groups induced by glucose concentrations of 55 mM). This shows that the diabetic cataract group experienced high oxidative stress due to the accumulation of sorbitol compounds derived from glucose which caused turbidity in the goat eye lens and increased levels of lens MDA. Binahong levels at concentrations of 100 or 200 can inhibit MDA production. Conclusion. Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Tenore) Steenis) extract has the ability to inhibit the production of MDA levels. In glucose-induced goat lenses, binahong extract and quercetin show antioxidant and anticataract properties.

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HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF 50% ETHANOL EXTRACT OF SEAGRASS RHIZOME (CYMODOCEA ROTUNDATA) AGAINST LIVER TISSUES IN PARACETAMOL-INDUCED RATS

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics ◽

10.22159/ijap.2018.v10s1.53 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 240

Author(s):

Renita Dewi ◽

Raesha Dwina Malika ◽

Ade Mara Meilani ◽

Fadlina Chany Saputri

Keyword(s):

Ethanol Extract ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Group Iv ◽

Hepatoprotective Effect ◽

Control Group ◽

Group Iii ◽

White Rats ◽

Cymodocea Rotundata

Objective: This study aimed to determine the hepatoprotective effect of 50% ethanol extract of seagrass rhizome in terms of serum glutamicoxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) activities in paracetamol-induced rat plasma.Methods: This study included 28 male, white rats randomly divided into seven groups. Groups I and II represented the normal control and controlgroups, respectively, administered with 280 mg/kg BW of rhizome extract. Group III represented the negative control group induced by a suspensionof paracetamol (2g/kg BW). Group IV represented a positive control group administered with Hepa-Q® at a dosage of 150 mg/kg BW. Groups V, VI,and VII were administered with seagrass rhizome extract at doses of 140, 280, and 560 mg/kg BW, respectively, before paracetamol induction. Thetest material was orally administered for 17 days. On days 12–17, the rats were induced with paracetamol through the same route. On day 18, bloodsampling was performed followed by SGOT and SGPT plasma measurements.Results: Our results revealed that seagrass rhizome extracts could significantly decrease SGPT and SGOT levels in paracetamol-induced rats (p<0.05)compared with those in the negative control group.Conclusion: Thus, seagrass rhizome extracts possess the potential for development as a hepatoprotective agent.

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Effectiveness of Sansavieria trifasciata Extract Bracelet in Absorbing Carbon Monoxide (Co) in Cigarette Smoke

Jurnal Biota ◽

10.19109/biota.v5i2.3336 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 96-103

Author(s):

Gendis Siti Rahmawati ◽

Resti Nuraeni ◽

Lu’lu Robiatul Fajrin ◽

Sistiana Windyariani

Keyword(s):

Carbon Monoxide ◽

Red Blood Cells ◽

Experimental Method ◽

Blood Vessels ◽

Cigarette Smoke ◽

Blood Cells ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design

Carbon monoxide (CO) contained in cigarette smoke is a very strong poison, if it is smoked by the lungs it will be easier to bind hemoglobin, so that red blood cells will lack oxygen, which can cause damage to blood vessels. with the process of atherosclerosis (narrowing). Sansevieria trifasciata has the ability to absorb poisons such as CO. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Sansevieria trifasciata leaf extract in absorbing CO contained in cigarette smoke and assessing the amount of CO absorbed by Sansevieria trifasciata leaf extract. The method used is a pure experimental method using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 3 different treatments and 3 repetitions. The results of the 3 treatments showed that P1 (Sanseviera trifasciata wet extract) had the ability to absorb CO an average of 12.67 ppm every 15 minutes, in contrast to P2 (ethanol extract of Sanseviera trifasciata) which absorbs CO. 91.11 ppm every 15 minutes P3 (ethanol extract and CMC leaves from Sansevieria trifasciata) has the ability to absorb CO by 37.89 ppm every 15 minutes. The highest absorption effectiveness was obtained by ethanol extract and bracelets containing ethanol extract with the addition of CMC.

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Activity Antidiabetic Of The Ethanol Extract Green Gedi Leaves Medical) On Mice (Mus musculus

MEDULA ◽

10.46496/medula.v6i3.9653 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Parawansah Parawansah

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Oral Administration ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Effective Concentration ◽

Lower Blood Glucose ◽

Antidiabetic Effect ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Blood Glucose Levels ◽

Lower Blood

ABSTRACTBackground: Green gedi leaves (Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik) is one plant that has efficacy in treating various diseases one of which is antidiabetic. The nature of the active substance green gedi leaves that capable lower blood glucose levels are flavonoids. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effective concentration of the extract of green gedi leaves (Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik) to lower the blood glucose levels on mice Induced by Streptozotocin. Method: This type of research is experimental research that consists of 5 treatments with 3 variations dose and 2 controls. The study was conducted by measuring the blo od glucose levels in mice, blood glucose levels after induction to return normal blood glucose levels after oral administration with a suspension of Na. CMC as a control, and the suspension glibenclamid as a comparison with the extract of green gedi leaves concentration of 30 mg/KgBB, 60 mg/KgBB and 90 mg/KgBB with a time of observation for seven days. Result: The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA and LSD. Conclusion: From this study that the green gedi leaf extract (Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik) at a concentration of 90 mg/kgBB is more effectife to give antidiabetic effect with the average reduction in blood glucose levels reach 68,67 mg/dL to mice.Keywords: antidiabetic, abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik, green gedi leaves, Streptozotocin

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STRUKTUR HISTOLOGI HATI MENCIT(Mus musculus L.) SETELAH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK DAUN EKOR NAGA (Rhapidhophora pinnata Schott)

SIMBIOSIS Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.24843/jsimbiosis.2017.v05.i02.p02 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Ni Komang Tia Pramesti ◽

Ngurah Intan Wiratmini ◽

Ni Putu AdrianiAstiti

Keyword(s):

Oral Administration ◽

Mus Musculus ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Fatty Degeneration ◽

Histopathological Changes ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Treatment Of Hypertension ◽

Medical Plant ◽

Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT Rhapidhophora pinnata, Schott is a traditional medical plant that has been use remedy for treatment of hypertension, stroke. Aims of this research is to determine the effect of Rhapidhophora pinnata Schott leaf extract toward mouse (Mus musculus L) liverhistological structure. This research used completely randomized design with 28 female mice that were divide into 4 groups of P0 (control) received 0,9% NaCl, group P1, P2, and P3 received 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg bw respectively by oral administration. The treatment were given daily for 14 days. All of the mice were sacrificed by ether after 15 days. The liver were examined for their histopathological changes, namely fatty degeneration, hydropic degenaration and necrosis. Results were statistically analised by Kruskal-Wallis method. Treatment groups showed no significant differences with regard of liver histopatological changes, however hemorrhage, sinusoid congestion and inflamatory cell infiltration were found in liver. Keyword : Rhapidhophora pinnata Schott, liver, mice

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Accelerative Wound-Healing Effect of Aqueous Anthocephalus Cadamba Leaf Extract in a Diabetic Rat Model

The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds ◽

10.1177/15347346211018330 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 153473462110183

Author(s):

Shoket Ali ◽

Sharmeen Ishteyaque ◽

Foziya Khan ◽

Pragati Singh ◽

Abhishek Soni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Povidone Iodine ◽

Diabetic Control ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Group Iv ◽

Control Group ◽

Group Iii ◽

Group I ◽

Diabetic Control Group

Impaired wound healing is a major concern in diabetic patients due to unregulated chronic hyperglycemia which further may lead to ulcer, gangrene, and its complications. The present study unveils the accelerative effect of aqueous Anthocephalus cadamba leaf extract on wound healing in diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in 30 Sprague Dawley female rats by using streptozotocin (except control group I) at the dose of 60 mg/kg intraperitoneally. Diabetic rats were randomized in 3 groups viz. diabetic control group (II), diabetes + Kadam plant leaf extract group (III), and diabetes + 5% povidone–iodine solution group (IV). Surgically sterile wound of 1.77 cm2 was created on the dorsal area of anaesthetized rats. The experimental parameters were assessed by hematobiochemical, histopathological, and western blot techniques. The A cadamba extract treatment group (III) (D + KPLE) showed a significant increase in the percentage of wound closure (82%) at day 21 as compared to the diabetic control group (42%), nondiabetic control group (I) (49%), and povidone–iodine treatment group (75%) group (IV). The findings of the present study suggest that the (D + KPLE) group (III) exhibited marked epithelial regeneration, neovascularization, collagen deposition, and fibroblast proliferation along with higher expression of vascular endothelial growth factor as compared to the diabetic control group (II), which was confirmed by histopathological examination and western blot analysis. The present study suggests that the topical application of aqueous A cadamba leaf extract exhibits accelerative wound-healing properties in diabetic rats.

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PENGARUH SEDIAAN DEKOK DAUN ZAITUN (Olea europaea L.) TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA TIKUS PUTIH GALUR WISTAR (Rattus norvegicus strain wistar) JANTAN YANG DIINDUKSI NATRIUM KLORIDA 5,5%

Herb-Medicine Journal ◽

10.30595/hmj.v3i3.7986 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 34

Author(s):

Fachri Mubarok ◽

Titik Kusumawinakhyu ◽

Yenni Bahar

Keyword(s):

Olea Europaea ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Group Iv ◽

Olive Leaf ◽

Group Iii ◽

Olea Europaea L ◽

Group I ◽

Post Test ◽

The Mean ◽

Olea Europaéa

According toWHOhypertension about 26.4% of world population who have suffered hypertension. It wouldprobably increase up to 29.2% in 2025. Usually,hypertension medical care uses convensional medicine, however itpossessessome side effects and could causecomplication.For that reason, herbal medicine is needed for safer andmore effective purpose. One of herbal medicines is olive leaf (Olea europea L).It aimed to figure out effect of oliveleaf extract (Olea europaea L.) on declining blood pressurein whitemale rat wistar strain (Rattus novergicus strainwistar) after 5.5% Natrium Chloride (NaCl) induction.24 of rats were divided into 4 groups of treatments and 5.5%NaCl inductions. Group I, as a control withaquadest treatment, Group II was inducted with 540 mgs of olive leafextract, Group III was inducted with 1080mgs of olive leaf extract, and Group IV was inducted with 2160 mgs ofolive leaf extract. Data were Analyzed byOne way ANOVA then followed with Post-hoc test using LeastSignificant Differences (LSD) test. From the group I, the mean of pretest was 117.83/150.83mmHg and the meanof post test was117.83/141.67 mmHg. Group II, the mean of pretest was 123.67/156,00 mmHg and the mean of posttest was87.00/116,00 mmHg. Group III, the mean of pretest was 123.50/156.83 mmHg and the mean of post testwasand the mean of post test was 81.67/112,50 mmHg. Group IV the mean of pretest was 119.00/156.50 mmHgandthe mean of post test was 80.00/105.00 mmHg.There were effects of olive leaf extract (Olea europaea L.) in 540mgs, 1080 mgs and 2160 mgs toblood pressure declining in white male rat wistar strain (Rattus novergicus strainwistar) after 5.5% NatriumChloride (NaCl) induction. The higest blood pressure declining was in Group IV of 2160mg olive leaf extractinduction.

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Respon Histopatologis Hepar Mencit (Mus musculus) yang Diinduksi Benzo(α)Piren terhadap Pemberian Taurin dan Ekstrak Daun Sirsak (Annona muricata)

Jurnal Natur Indonesia ◽

10.31258/jnat.16.2.54-63 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 54

Author(s):

Annisa Agata ◽

Endang Linirin Widiastuti ◽

G. Nugroho Susanto ◽

Sutyarso '

Keyword(s):

Mus Musculus ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Corn Oil ◽

Annona Muricata ◽

Group V ◽

Group Iii ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Group I

Cancer is a disease that is characterized by the existence of damage and cell abnormality in growth and differentiation. Liver cancer is a disorder of hepar tissue derivated from its tumors. Taurine is known as antioxidant but its role as anticancer needs to be explored more as well the role of Annona muricata leaf extract which is believed to have its role as anticancer substance. This research, therefore, aimed to explore the effect of taurine and Annona muricata leaf extract on the hepar histopathology of male mice (Mus musculus) induced by benzo(α)pyren in vivo. This research was carried out by using a complete randomized design, which consisted of 5 treatment groups which was repeated 5 times. Group I was given 0.2 mL corn oil for 15 days, group II was induced by benzo(α)pyren without taurin nor A. Muricata leaf extract for 10 days, group III was given 7.8 mg taurine/BW/day (twice a day) starting from the 15 th days before the induction of benzo(α)pyren, group IV, after induced with benzo(α)pyren, taurine was given with dosage of 7.8 mg/BW/day, group V, after induced with benzo(α)pyren, soursop leaf extract was given with amount of 277.8 mg/BW/day. Data analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test and one way ANOVA with Fisher test (p>0.05). The results indicated that taurine had ability to recover the liver tissue induced by benzo(α)pyren as (carcinogenic) while, Annona muricata leaf extract had not shown any recover of tissue damage

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Effectiveness of Soursop Leaf Extract (Annona muricata l.) on IL-6 Levels in Mammary Sprague dawley Female Rats Induced by Staphylococcus aureus

Unnes Journal of Public Health ◽

10.15294/ujph.v9i1.30904 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 56-63

Author(s):

Feby Purnamasari ◽

Risfah Yulianty ◽

Syamsa Latief

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Group Iv ◽

Female Rats ◽

Annona Muricata ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Positive Bacterium ◽

Group Iii ◽

Group I ◽

Nursing Mothers

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive bacterium that causes inflammation such as mastitis in the breast. Breast mastitis can occur in nursing mothers and requires first aid or initial treatment. Herbal ingredients can be utilized because they are easily obtained and can be prepared by the community themselves. The study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of soursop leaf extract on IL-6 levels in mammae of female rats Sprague dawley induced by S. aureus. The study was divided into four groups consisting of five rats that were induced by S. aureus 2 x 107 CFU/ml. Group I was given 0.5% Na.CMC, Group II gave 45 mg/kgBW cefadroxil antibiotics, group III administered 100 mg / kgBW soursop leaf extract, and group IV administered soursop leaf extract combined with cefadroxil. Each group was given treatment twice a day for 5 days. IL-6 levels were measured on days 3 and 6. The results of this study showed IL-6 levels in group III were 7.50 ± 1.74 pg/ml on the 3rd day, and 4.51 ± 1.47 pg/ml on the 6th day. The results showed there were differences in IL-6 levels in group III (p = 0.037). Soursop leaf extract can be used as a therapy for mastitis caused by S. aureus.

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