scholarly journals Interregional analysis of the incidence as an instrument of improvement of the system of socio-hygienic monitoring

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 633-639
Author(s):  
Vladimir V. Kolomin ◽  
Natalya I. Latyshevskaya ◽  
Vladimir. S. Rybkin ◽  
Irina A. Kudryasheva
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Specific Factor ◽  
Child Population ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Scientific Substantiation ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The purpose of the study was to scientifically substantiate the unification of methods for analyzing the morbidity of the population, and comparative analysis of the morbidity of the child population at the interregional level within the framework of social and hygienic monitoring. Objective. The scientific substantiation of the feasibility of an inter-regional comparative analysis of the incidence of the population in the constituent entities of the Russian Federatio to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of management decisions developed as part of social and hygienic monitoring. Material and methods. A comparative analysis of the incidence in the regions of the Southern Federal District, the occurrence and development of which is associated with air pollution, was carried out. Statistical data processing was performed by linear regression using the Statgraphics and Microsoft Excel software packages. The calculation of the Pearson correlation coefficient r to evaluate the severity of the existing trend in the variation of the variation series and the determination coefficient (R2), taking into account the reliability coefficient p <0.05. Assessed approaches to the analysis of the incidence of children in the framework of socio-hygienic monitoring in the subjects. Results. The study revealed the lack of a unified approach to the analysis of the morbidity of the population in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation within the framework of socio-hygienic monitoring, both according to the criteria for determining the priority pathologies for the region, and the duration of the analyzed period. The comparative analysis of the morbidity of the child population at the interregional level showed a significant difference in the dynamics and levels of morbidity from ecologically caused pathologies in adjacent regions, with similar social and climatic parameters. The formation of human health takes place under the conditions of the multicomponent influence of various factors. The etiology of most of the nosological forms, the degree of their dependence on the state of the external environment have been scientifically established. The most determined by the components of the environment, ecologically caused pathologies, the nature of the incidence of which is considered by the authors as a possible manifestation of the impact of a specific factor that has a priority value in the occurrence and development of these diseases. Conclusions. The study shows the expediency of unifying methods for analyzing the incidence of the population, as well as conducting a comparative analysis of the incidence of the child population at the interregional level within the framework of socio-hygienic monitoring.

Unemployment as an indicator of economic security in the employment sector: A regional dimension

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-729
Author(s):  
T.N. Savina
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
National Development ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Band Theory ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

Subject. To achieve a high level of economic security is a key priority of national development. Employment reveals one of the most important aspects of social development of the individual that is associated with his or her needs satisfaction in the sphere of employment and is boon to economic security. Objectives. The purpose of the study is to show the impact of unemployment on economic security in employment. Methods. I apply such scientific methods as dialectical, historical and logical unity, structural and functional analysis, traditional techniques of economic analysis and synthesis. The methods of multivariate statistical and comparative analysis serve as a methodological basis of the study. To determine the indicator of unemployment, I use the band theory. Results. I underpin the growing role of employment in ensuring economic security. The paper presents a comprehensive assessment of the unemployment status and a comparative analysis of the indicator in the Republic of Mordovia, the Volga Federal District, and the Russian Federation as a whole. I identify trends in the average duration of unemployment, show the distribution of unemployed by level of education and age groups. Conclusions. The average annual unemployment rate in the Republic of Mordovia is lower than in Russia and the Volga Federal District. The findings may be useful for public authorities to substantiate their employment policy at both macro- and meso-levels, for designing programs and strategies for socio-economic development of regions and the social security doctrine, as well as in practical activities of employment services.

scholarly journals The Effect of IELTS Listening Strategy Use on the Reduction of IELTS Listening Test Anxiety and on IELTS Listening Performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Reza Nemat Tabrizi ◽  
Mahnaz Ranjbar
Keyword(s):  
Test Anxiety ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Strategy Instruction ◽  
Strategy Use ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Listening Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

The study investigates the impact of IELTS listening strategy use on the reduction of listening test anxiety and on the listening performance of the IELTS test takers in light of the data of 80 participants on the pretest and post-test IELTS listening along with the participants' score on pre-anxiety and post anxiety scale. So, drawing on the instruments including a proficiency test, pre/post-test, anxiety questionnaire, materials for strategy instruction, the participants were randomly divided into two groups: Control Group and Experimental Group, each including 40 participants. As per the procedure, after tackling their pre-listening performance and pre-anxiety score, one group was treated with IELTS-Listening related strategies and the other group was not treated, but both were administered listening test. The results of the study indicated that those treated with IELTS strategy outperformed ( t (78) = 4.57, p = .000, r = .460 ) those receiving no listening-related strategy. Furthermore, the results of a t-test run on the post-test of the groups anxiety arrived at a statistically significant difference (t (78) = 5.77, p = .000, r = .547), representing that the control group outperformed the experimental group. Also, Pearson Correlation done for finding out a potential relationship between anxiety and listening performance indicated a negative and weak to moderate relationship ((r (78) = -.26, p = .020). The pedagogical implications of the study are in detailed argued.

scholarly journals FEATURES FOR THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM DISEASES MORBIDITY IN THE CHILD POPULATION LIVING IN THE IMPACT AREA OF EMISSION COMPONENTS OF LARGE-SCALE ALUMINA PRODUCTION

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-33
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Alumina Production ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Child Population ◽  
Actual Attendance ◽  
The Impact

We made hygienic assessment of the atmospheric air quality of the observation territory and comparison according to monitoring and field observations, carried out a comparative analysis of the respiratory system diseases morbidity of the child population according to the form of federal statistical observation and actual attendance for medical care for 2014–2017, evaluated the relationship of respiratory system diseases morbidity with the effects of the studied chemical factors. Atmospheric air poor quality for a number of substances has been established in the residential development of the observation territory. An increased morbidity rate of respiratory system diseases and certain nosological forms (chronic diseases of the tonsils and adenoids and bronchial asthma) in areas with stable atmospheric air pollution by emission components of large-scale alumina production has been established as a result of a comparative analysis of morbidity rates. We proved the dependence of the occurrence probability of additional cases of respiratory system diseases on the content in the atmospheric air of suspended solids, fine PM10, PM2.5 fractions, nitrogen dioxide, aluminum, manganese, solid and gaseous fluorides, chromium.

ERCC1, KRAS mutation, redox status, and oxaliplatin sensitivity in colorectal cancer: “Radical” change in an old model.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e14156-e14156
Author(s):  
Armando Orlandi ◽  
Mariantonietta Di Salvatore ◽  
Michele Basso ◽  
Cinzia Bagalà ◽  
Antonia Strippoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Mutational Status ◽  
Retrospective Clinical Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

e14156 Background: Oxaliplatin (Oxa) is widely used in metastatic colorectal cancer, but currently there are not valid predictors of response to this drug. In our recent retrospective clinical study we have shown a greater efficacy of Oxa in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer with mutated (mt) K-RAS. We hypothesized that the mutational status of K-RAS could influence the expression of ERCC1 and cellular Redox status. Methods: We used four cell lines of colorectal cancer: two K-RAS wild type (wt) (HCT-8, HT-29) and two K-RAS mt (SW620, SW480). We evaluated the sensitivity of these cell lines to Oxa by MTT-test and the ERCC1 levels before and after 24h exposure to Oxa by RT-PCR. We silenced K-RAS in a K-RAS mt cell lines to evaluate the impact on Oxa sensitivity and ERCC1 levels. We also silenced ERCC1 in order to confirm the importance of this protein as a Oxa resistance factor. Cellular oxidative stress was determined by DCFDA. Results: The K-RAS mt cell lines were more sensitive to Oxa (p<0.001). The basal levels of ERCC1 did not show significant differences between K-RAS mt and wt cell line, however, after 24h exposure to Oxa, only the K-RAS wt lines showed the ability to induce ERCC1, with a statistically significant difference (p<0.005). The silencing of K-RAS in K-RAS mt cell lines (SW620s) demonstrated to reduce sensitivity to Oxa associated with the acquisition of the ability to induce ERCC1. The silencing of ERCC1 in K-RAS wt cell lines enhance the sensibility to Oxa. The levels of reactive oxygen species were higher in K-RAS mt cell lines. The Pearson correlation test showed a statistically significant relationship between basal levels of ROS and sensitivity to Oxa ("r" -0,988, p<0.01). The baseline levels of ROS were higher SW620 than the line SW620s. The administration of Oxa in these cell lines resulted in a statistically higher fluorescence index in SW620 versus SW620s (p<0.003). Conclusions: The K-RAS mutated cell lines were more sensitive to Oxa. This feature seems to be secondary to the inability of these cells to induce ERCC1 after exposure to Oxa and to the synergism between K-RAS mutation and Oxa in increasing oxidative stress. K-RAS can thus be a predictor of response to Oxa in colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals The Impact of Diabetes and African American Race in COVID-19 Severity

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A350-A351
Author(s):  
Marilyn A Arosemena ◽  
Athalia Pyzer ◽  
Jovian Yu ◽  
Blake Flood ◽  
Sherin Rouhani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Moderate Severity ◽  
High Severity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
African American Race

Abstract Introduction: COVID-19, an illness caused by the novel coronavirus usually presents as a mild to moderate flu like illness, but can lead to pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome and death in some patients. Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic there has been special attention towards patients with diabetes. Not only is diabetes highly prevalent in patients with COVID-19, but diabetes has been reported as a significant predictor of morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, race seems to be a predictor of severity with black people dying at 2.3 times the rate of white people. Methods: Here we performed a retrospective study of 524 cases of COVID-19 at an academic center in Chicago between March 2020 until August 2020. Data were obtained from patients that consented to the study to examine the relationship between diabetes, BMI, age, and race with degree of COVID-19 severity. Not all patients had all clinical and demographic data available. COVID-19 severity was determined using a severity index obtained from the measured SpO2 divided by the FiO2/fraction of inspired oxygen times 100. Numbers ≥ 315 mmHg were defined as low severity with patients generally requiring outpatient care, while 235–314 mm Hg were classified as moderate severity generally requiring inpatient care and≤ 234 mm Hg indicated high severity generally requiring intubation/ICU care. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used for linear correlation analyses. Proportion for categorical values were compared using the Chi squared test, the means for continuous variables were compared using two-tailed t tests or one way ANOVA (with Tukey post-test) for comparisons involving more than two conditions. A multiple linear regression model was used to assess the contribution of different variables. Differences were considered statistically significant at p&lt;0.05 Results: Among 120 patients with an A1c, 55 (46%) patients had diabetes and 65 (54%) did not have diabetes. More patients with a high severity index were seen in the cohort with diabetes compared to those without diabetes (72% compared to 28% p=0.004). Univariate analyses revealed statistically significant positive correlations with higher COVID-19 severity and older age, BMI, and African American race. ANOVA analysis revealed a statistically significant difference between increasing BMI and worse severity category with a BMI mean of 29.3 kg/m2 in the low severity category compared to 34.9 kg/m2 in the moderate severity category (p=0.006). A multi-variate analysis adjusting for all variables revealed that A1c, older age and race were positively associated with higher COVID-19 severity. Conclusion: Increased A1c, older age and race are positively and independently associated with a higher COVID-19 severity index. Further research regarding the relationship between COVID-19 and these associations is urgently needed.

scholarly journals The Impact of Sample Type on Vitamin D Quantification and Clinical Classification during Pregnancy

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3872
Author(s):  
Soriah M. Harvey ◽  
Vanessa E. Murphy ◽  
Peter G. Gibson ◽  
Michael Clarke ◽  
Megan E. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
The Impact

Measurement of vitamin D status has significant use in clinical and research settings, including during pregnancy. We aimed to assess the agreement of total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration, and its three analytes (25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3), 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 (25(OH)D2) and Epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (Epi-25(OH)D3)), in plasma and serum samples collected during pregnancy, and to examine the proportion of women who change vitamin D status category based on sample type. Matching samples were collected from n = 114 non-fasting women between 12–25 weeks gestation in a clinical trial in Newcastle, Australia. Samples were analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass-spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to quantify total 25(OH)D and its analytes and examined using Bland-Altman plots, Pearson correlation (r), intraclass correlation coefficient and Cohen’s Kappa test. Serum total 25(OH)D ranged from 33.8–169.8 nmol/L and plasma ranged from 28.6–211.2 nmol/L. There was a significant difference for total 25(OH)D based on sample type (measurement bias 7.63 nmol/L for serum vs plasma (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 5.36, 9.90, p ≤ 0.001). The mean difference between serum and plasma concentrations was statistically significant for 25(OH)D3 (7.38 nmol/L; 95% CI 5.28, 9.48, p ≤ 0.001) and Epi-25(OH)D3 (0.39 nmol/L; 95% CI 0.14, 0.64, p = 0.014). Of 114 participants, 28% were classified as vitamin D deficient (<50 nmol/L) or insufficient (<75 nmol/L) based on plasma sample and 36% based on serum sample. Nineteen (16.7%) participants changed vitamin D status category based on sample type. 25-hydroxyvitamin D quantification using LC-MS/MS methodology differed significantly between serum and plasma, yielding a higher value in plasma; this influenced vitamin D status based on accepted cut-points, which may have implications in clinical and research settings.

scholarly journals The Influence of Organizational Culture on Planning as Perceived by Employees in The Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1030-1043
Author(s):  
Evangelis Pardede ◽  
WILLIAMS KWASI PEPRAH ◽  
Patience Boatemaa Antwi-Yamoah
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Strongly Agree ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Very High

Introduction: Planning is essential to healthcare institutions.  The first important factor that indicates the effectiveness and efficiency of an organization is planning and the realization of how the vision and mission that have been set up are implemented. However, organizational culture plays a key role in setting a plan for hospitals. It is upon this premises that this study seeks to find the impact of organizational culture on planning as professed by employees in the hospital and the significant difference between sex and age when planning was considered.    Method: This was quantitative research which was designed as descriptive-correlational. The self-constructed instrument was conveniently administered to 108 hospital employees within Laguna in the Philippines to measure their hospital organizational culture and planning. The statistical study treatment was based on SPSS version 23, where Mean and Standard Deviation and Pearson Correlation and t-test were used to analyze the data.    Result: The results revealed that hospital planning was very high, and they strongly agree with the influence of their organizational culture. Furthermore, the study resulted that there is a high correlation between organizational culture and planning. There was a significant difference in sex, however, there was no significant difference in age. The implication is that hospitals must make sure that their firms’ culture supports planning so that they can meet their objectives.  Discussion: The study recommends that hospitals must make sure that their cultural practices support planning. This is among the various ways to achieve hospitals success and make them effective and efficient. 

scholarly journals MOST EFFECTIVE TACTIC TO RESOLVE PROBLEMATIC INFECTION CONTROL PRACTICES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: PERIODIC IN-SERVICE TRAINING SESSIONS.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Rituja Kaushal
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Training Session ◽  
P Value ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Background: Lack of Health Education Training Programs for in-service candidates in most of the health institutions of country is imposing a biggest hindrance in achieving the dream of skilled India. This all hits the institutions’ bottom line and there is no enhancement in skill development, experience and practical knowledge of the workers. In certain hospitals because of operational difficulties like high turnover of staff and insufficient time for training and monitoring their effectiveness, good service practices suffers. Methodology: This analytical cohort study was undertaken and was followed up, to assess the impact of specified training sessions, on the knowledge about skills of Infection Prevention over a group of nursing staffs of a tertiary care institution of Bhopal city in 2016. Total 30 nursing participants were evaluated statistically for assessing significant difference in their qualitative knowledge improvement level before and after the infection control training session. Results: Pretest & Posttest means & variances were calculated & Pearson Correlation between pre & posttest findings was also estimated. Here (t29 = -6.59, p value ≤ 1.59533*10-7) inference of the study is highly significant. Conclusion: It has been concluded that in order to get desired results in terms of infection control practices, intermittent and relevant training sessions are required.

scholarly journals The Impact of Covid-19 on Online Teaching and Learning (TnL) Towards Teachers in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Shahrina Ismail ◽  
Mohammad Ilham Husaini Mohammad Nazeri ◽  
Sharifah Fairuz Syed Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Teaching Effectiveness ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Online Teaching And Learning ◽  
Demographic Profiles ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

As COVID-19 hits the world shockingly, most nations worldwide have agreed to put educational institutions temporarily close. However, education has not stopped, but to go fully online as schools and universities could provide remote education. In this case, teachers have been struggling to adapt to the new norm to stop disease transmission. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the impact of Online Teaching and Learning (OTL) on teachers during COVID-19. The questionnaire was distributed randomly online among 320 teachers in Malaysia. SPSS has been used to analyse the completed questionnaire to obtain descriptive and inferential statistics. Three variables that have been used in this study were effectiveness, challenges, and school reopening using Cronbach’s alpha, hypothesis testing, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression. This study has shown that most teachers were affected by using online as a new method of teaching. A negative correlation between effectiveness and challenges has implied that increasing challenges would decrease online teaching effectiveness. Besides, many of the components show a significant difference in the variables in terms of socio-demographic profiles. The findings obtained would help the higher administration tackle challenges the teachers face and know the effectiveness of online teaching and learning.

scholarly journals A comparative study of family burden and quality of life between caregivers of schizophrenia and dementia patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarada Prasanna Swain ◽  
Sushree Sangita Behura ◽  
Manoj Kumar Dash
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Family Burden ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Family Routine ◽  
Objective Burden ◽  
The Impact

Background: In chronic mental diseases, as the disease progresses, it carries with tremendous burden both physically and psychologically on the family members, who are usually in the process of caregiving. The quality of life (QOL) of these caregivers is directly related to the subjective and objective burden of the illness. The objective of the study was to assess and compare the level of family burden and QOL between caregivers of Schizophrenia and Dementia patients as well as to find out the relationship between family burden and QOL.Methods: A total of 128 key caregivers (64 caregivers of each group) fulfilling the inclusion criteria purposely selected from the OPD of MHI, S. C. B. Medical College and Neuropsychiatric Consultation Centre, Cuttack. The impact of family burden on key caregivers of dementia and schizophrenia patients was assessed by using family burden interview schedule and the quality of life of key caregivers was assessed by using WHOQOL BREF scale. Data was analysed by using chi-squre, t test and pearson correlation. Data analysis was performed by SPSS.Results: Statistical significant differences (p <0.05) were found in the areas of financial burden, disruptions of family routine activities, family leisure and family interaction between dementia and schizophrenia caregivers. Whereas there was no statistical significant difference (p >0.05) found in different domains of quality of life between these two groups of caregivers. There were significant negative correlations found between family burden and psychological, social relationships and environment domains of quality of life.Conclusions: Caregivers perceived subjective and objective burden ultimately affecting their QOL. 

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