scholarly journals Serological and Molecular Based Diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii in Galliformes by using ToxPK1 gene

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-122
Author(s):  
Farman Ullah Khan ◽  
Nageen Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Protein A ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
The Third ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Universe

Purpose: The zoonosis caused by Toxoplasmagondii is known to be the third worldwide parasitic infectious disease. The living life, including human, chickens, cows and goats are at high risk because of its bulky circulation in the universe. The study was conducted to diagnoseT. gondii in Galliformes. The main objective of this study was to compare VetLine Toxoplasma with ToxPK1 gene as a marker for the detection of T. gondii. Study Design: An Experimental study. Subjects and Methods: The study subjects involved were 35 broilers in which 80% were females and 20% were males. Results: It was displayed that the female broilers have a little high rate of prevalence (29.63%) as compared to male broilers (25%). Conclusion: It was concluded that VetLine Toxoplasma in which protein A/G fixes to all IgGs subclasses from various mammalian species and the use of ToxPK1 gene as a molecular marker for the detection of T. gondiiwere100% matched. To eradicate and control this neglected zoonosis, there is an urgency need for risk factors control mechanisms; secondly specific, rapid and inexpensive diagnostic and treatment approaches.

Analysis of the Operational Risk Controls in the Electric Power Plant

2013 ◽  
Vol 416-417 ◽  
pp. 2087-2091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Ying Wang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Important Work ◽  
The Third ◽  
Generating Capacity ◽  
Complex Production System ◽  
And Control

Thermal power generation is a complex production system, and electric operation is an important work. The generating capacity of Zhangjiakou power plant is 2400 thousand kW, ranking the third in our country. Its technology and equipment and the process are representative. In order to ensure the safety of the electrical operation, on the basis of analysis of accident cases for more than ten years, using the method of system analysis, this article summarizes the risk factors and control measures of electrical operation. With strict implementation, the electrical accidents of our planet will decrease year by year.

scholarly journals Risk factors related to seropositivity for Leptospira spp. in horses in the Serra Catarinense region

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deise Keli Farias ◽  
Gabriela Dick ◽  
Silvério Bunn ◽  
André Thaler Neto ◽  
Carolina Rech ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by the bacterium Leptospira spp. The consequences of infection in horses are unclear, and the serogroups involved vary depending on the region. This study aimed to evaluate the seropositivity of unvaccinated horses in the Serra Catarinense region and the possible risk factors associated with the infection. We used 207 horses from 26 properties, with no clinical history of infection and unvaccinated for leptospirosis. We submitted serum samples to the microscopic agglutination serum (SAM) to obtain the main reference serogroups. We considered animals with titre ≥100 as infected. The results of the serology revealed seropositivity in 45.4% (94/207) of the animals studied. The most frequent antibodies reportedwere those against the serogroups Australis 16.9% (35/207), Ichterhaemorrhagiae 14.4% (30/207), and Grippotyphosa 5.31% (11/207). Among the primary risk factors associated with the infection we reported extensive rearing system (OR = 1.27; P<0.05) and the presence of other animal species such as cattle (OR = 3.85; P<0.01) and capybaras (OR = 2.07; P=0.06). The findings presented in this study showed that leptospirosis is endemic in horses in the Serra Catarinense region, and revealed the need for emergency surveillance and control measures specific to this important zoonosis.

scholarly journals Prevalence of and factors associated with healthcare-associated infections in Slovenian acute care hospitals: Results of the third national survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Klavs ◽  
Mojca Serdt ◽  
Aleš Korošec ◽  
Tatjana Lejko Zupanc ◽  
Blaž Pečavar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Acute Care Hospitals ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Prevalence Survey ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Third ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
And Control

Abstract Introduction In the third Slovenian national healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) prevalence survey, conducted within the European point prevalence survey of HAIs and antimicrobial use in acute care hospitals, we estimated the prevalence of all types of HAIs and identified factors associated with them. Methods Patients were enrolled into a one-day cross-sectional study in November 2017. Descriptive analyses were performed to describe the characteristics of patients, their exposure to invasive procedures and the prevalence of different types of HAIs. Univariate and multivariate analyses of association of having at least one HAI with possible risk factors were performed to identify risk factors. Results Among 5,743 patients, 4.4% had at least one HAI and an additional 2.2% were still treated for HAIs on the day of the survey, with a prevalence of HAIs of 6.6%. The prevalence of pneumoniae was the highest (1.8%), followed by surgical site infections (1.5%) and urinary tract infections (1.2%). Prevalence of blood stream infections was 0.3%. In intensive care units (ICUs), the prevalence of patients with at least one HAI was 30.6%. Factors associated with HAIs included central vascular catheter (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 4.1; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 3.1–5.4), peripheral vascular catheter (aOR 3.0; 95% CI: 2.3–3.9), urinary catheter (aOR 1.8; 95% CI: 1.4–2.3). Conclusions The prevalence of HAIs in Slovenian acute care hospitals in 2017 was substantial, especially in ICUs. HAIs prevention and control is an important public health priority. National surveillance of HAIs in ICUs should be developed to support evidence-based prevention and control.

scholarly journals Triatoma Williami Galvão, Souza e Lima, 1965 (Hemiptera, Triatominae) in Intradomiciliary Environments of Urban Area in Mato Grosso State, Brazil Domiciliation Process of a Wild Species?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirian Francisca Martins ◽  
Sinara Cristina de Moraes ◽  
Jader Oliveira ◽  
Janaina Cipriana dos Santos ◽  
Ludier Kesser Santos-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Common Species ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Genetic Sequencing ◽  
Endemic Diseases ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: Triatomines found throughout Latin America are natural Chagas disease vectors (ChD). The domiciliation of triatomines is one of the main factors increasing the occurrence risk of human cases of this disease. There are 66 species of triatomine in Brazil, with three genera of significant epidemiological importance: Panstrongylus, Rhodnius, and Triatoma. Among the Triatoma species, Triatoma williami, a wild species, has been reported in the Brazilian states of Goiás, Mato Grosso, and Mato Grosso do Sul. In the city of Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso, the invasion by triatomines has been reported, with T. williami being the most common species. Methods: Triatomine specimens were collected by passive surveillance or by active search by agents combating endemic diseases. After taxonomic identification, a parasitological feces diagnosis was performed to detect the presence of Trypanosoma cruzi. Concerning T. cruzi identification, molecular diagnosis and genetic sequencing were performed to identify the strain, also called discrete typing units (DTUs). Results: In 2019, several triatomine specimens were collected in the urban area of Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso. Among them, 155 specimens were T. williami, P. geniculatus, and R. neglectus. In 2020, the sampled triatomine specimens were 56 T. williami, Panstrongylus diasi, and R. neglectus. For these years, T. williami has been the most frequent species. Between 2019 and 2020, 137 T. williami were collected (61% of them inside houses). In two triatomine colonies were found and morphological analyses, indicated were T. williami. These insects were collected inside houses in an urban area, on a neighborhood from Jardim Pitaluga (15°51’57.7” N, 052°16’04.5E). The records were sampled in September/2019 and January/2021. The rate of natural infection was 30.3% and 73.5% for 2019 to 2020. Two T. williami specimens belonging to one of colonies were positive for T. cruzi strain DTU IV, Conclusions: This is the first time that the occurrence of domiciliation of T. williami has been confirmed in an urban area of Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Further studies are needed for a clearer understanding of the ecology of this species for prevention and control mechanisms, since its sampled specimens had a high rate of natural infection by T. cruzi.

Beyond predicting the number of infections: predicting who is likely to be COVID negative or positive (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen X. Zhang ◽  
Shuhua Sun ◽  
Asghar Afshar Jahanshahi ◽  
Yifei Wang ◽  
Abbas Nazarian Madavani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Medical Informatics ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Accessible Information ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Control

BACKGROUND The current COVID-19 pandemic and the severe shortage of testing kits in many countries pose a first and foremost problem in medical informatics—the information on the risk predictors of people who are at greater risk of contracting COVID-19 to enable more targeted infectious disease prevention, communication, testing, and control. OBJECTIVE This study aims to identify individuals’ likelihood to be COVID negative or positive, enabling more targeted infectious disease prevention and control. METHODS We conducted a primary survey of 521 adults on April 1-10, 2020 in Iran, where the official infection rate was 0.08%. In our sample, 3% reported positive and 15% were unsure whether they were infected. This relatively high positive rate enabled us to conduct the analysis at 5% significance level. RESULTS Adults who exercised more were more likely to be COVID-19 negative. Each additional hour of exercise per day predicted a 78% increase in the likelihood of being COVID-19 negative. Adults with chronic medical illnesses were 48% more likely to be COVID-19 negative. In terms of work situation, those who worked from home were the most likely to be COVID-19 negative, and those who had stopped working were the most likely to be COVID-19 positive. Individuals in larger organizations were less likely to be COVID-19 positive. CONCLUSIONS This study enables more targeted infectious disease prevention and control by identifying the risk factors of COVID-19 infections from a set of readily accessible information on demographic and work characteristics. We hope this research opens a new research avenue of medical informatics to help healthcare services to predict the individual likelihood of COVID-19 infection by risk factors.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on the Influence of Apigenin K and Melatonin in Socket Preservation as Bone Stimulators: An Experimental Study in Beagle Dogs

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3006 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Calvo-Guirado ◽  
Manuel Fernández-Domínguez ◽  
Juan Manuel Aragoneses ◽  
Enrique Fernández-Bodereau ◽  
Miguel Angel Garcés-Villalá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Topical Application ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Socket Preservation ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Creation ◽  
And Control

The aim is to evaluate whether apigenin K and melatonin M5250 were able to stimulate bone formation after tooth extraction at one, two, and three months follow-up. Six male beagle dogs were used. Apigenin K and melatonin M5250 immersed in hemostatic collagen sponges were placed in the third and fourth premolar and the first molar extracted sockets; the second premolar was used as control. At one, two, and three months, bone core biopsies were performed, and picrosirius–hematoxylin was used for the staining process. In the first month, a higher amount of calcified bone tissue was observed in the melatonin (77.87% ± 1.2%) and apigenin K (69.81% ± 1.8%) groups than the control group (57.27% ± 0.54%), with apparent discrepancies in values between the three groups (p < 0.04). In the second month, there was a considerable improvement in the results in the areas with melatonin (79.81% ± 0.11%) than in those of apigenin K (71.65% ± 0.52%) and control (64.77% ± 0.44%) (p < 0.04). In the third month, the number of mature bone was similar to all the groups. The creation of new bone was significant in the melatonin group (82.78% ± 0.87%), followed by the apigenin K group (78.76% ± 0.43%) and the control group (57.27% ± 0.11%). From this experimental study in dogs, it can be concluded that melatonin and apigenin K can accelerate the process of mineralization of the bone matrix, and thus the creation of laminae in the early stages of healing (1 month). Less reabsorption of the post-extraction sockets can be expected with the topical application of melatonin and apigenin K. It seems that the stimulatory effects of bone healing induced by the topical application of melatonin and apigenin K are defect-size-dependent, being more evident in small defects compared to larger defects.

scholarly journals Interactive Low Back Pain Intervention Module Based on the Back School Program: A Cluster-Randomized Experimental Study Evaluating Its Effectiveness among Nurses in Public Hospitals

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5916
Author(s):  
Mohd Ismail Ibrahim ◽  
Izani Uzair Zubair ◽  
Mohd Nazri Shafei ◽  
Mohd Izmi Ahmad ◽  
Najib Majdi Yaacob
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Low Back ◽  
School Program ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Back School ◽  
The Third ◽  
Cluster Randomized ◽  
And Control

The prevalence of low back pain (LBP) among nurses is high. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an interactive LBP module based on the Back School Program in improving Oswestry Disability Scores (ODSs) among nurses in government hospitals in Penang, Malaysia. A cluster-randomized experimental study was conducted within four public hospitals. These hospitals were randomized to intervention and control groups. A total of 284 nurses from the selected hospitals were randomly selected (142 in each group). An interactive LBP intervention module based on the Back School Program was designed and prescribed. Both the intervention and control groups were assessed using the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire at baseline and at the end of the third and sixth weeks. Out of 284 participants, 281 completed this study. A between-group comparison revealed that ODSs were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group at the ends of the third (p = 0.006) and sixth weeks (p < 0.001). Within-group changes revealed a significant reduction in ODSs within the intervention group from baseline to the third (p < 0.001) and sixth weeks (p < 0.001) of the intervention. This simple interactive LBP module was effective in reducing symptoms of LBP among nurses as early as three weeks, and this effect was sustained until the sixth week of the intervention.

scholarly journals Empirical Study on Factors Affecting Biogas Production

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravita D. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Third ◽  
Main Component

In Fiji, biogas has a huge potential to be one of the energy providers for cooking in rural areas but currently its use is very minimal. Main component of biogas is methane which releases energy when combusted. This paper mainly presents the factors that affect biogas production using experimental study. The first section presents an overview on what is biogas, types of biogas digesters present, and some background on the current use of biogas in Fiji. The second section of the paper describes the methodology in brief of the experimental work carried out. The third section of the paper presents results that were achieved in the experiment, discussion, and interpretation of the results and how Fiji could benefit from this study. It was evident that cow + Pig mix manure produces high rate of biogas at mesophilic temperature and cow dung manure is best for biogas production at room temperature.

scholarly journals ANTI-PROLAKTIN SEBAGAI PENGHAMBAT PROSES MOULTING

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Husni Anwar ◽  
Erma Safitri
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Anova Test ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
And Control ◽  
One Way Anova

A experimental study had been done using anti-prolactin as moulting process inhibitor and toknow the affect of anti-prolactin on the time of egg laying recovery of laying bird. The objective of this study was to prove that, moulting phase can be stopped with pasif imunisation antiprolactin intra muscular. The stages of this study as follow: used anti-prolactin from the third stage of study with the dose of 50 mg/ml (P1), 100 mg/ml (P2), and 200 mg/ml (P3) and 0.5 ml PBS (as control). In this stage, moulting was ceased respectively in day 4.8 1.033 (P1); 4.6 0.843 (P2); 4.68 0.516 (P3) and 61.9 2.079 (control). Statistical test using one way Anova revealed significant difference (p < 0.01) between control and treatment groups, and BNT 5 percent test showed that the fastest moulting inhibition was found in P3 group (200 mg/ml), which was not significantly different (p less than 0.05) with P1 (50 mg/ml) and P2 (100 mg/ml). The time of egg laying recovery was respectively at 9.3 0.675 (PI); 7.4 0.843 (P2); 3.3 0.823 (P3) and 18.4 1.174 (control). Statistical test using one way Anova test showed significant difference (p less than 0.01) between control and treatment groups, and BNT 5 percent test indicated that the shortest time of egg laying recovery was at group P3 (200 mg/ml), which was significantly different (p less than 0.05) from Pl (50 mg/ml); P2 (100 mg/ml); and control (PBS 0.5 ml). Conclusively, anti prolactin (50 mg/ml, 100 mg/ml and 200 mg/ml) to inhibit moulting process and to affect the time of egg laying recovery.

The Power of Empowerment

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Control Structure ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Creative Mind ◽  
High Motivation ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Universe

King Solomon, the icon of wisdom, is reported to have remarked that there is nothing new under the sun. Everything in God's creation has always been around us. What changes is our perception and awareness of them. At any instant, we notice some things and overlook many others. As time marches on, we stumble across (or discover!) facets of the universe we had not noticed earlier. They may appear new to us, but in fact, they are as ageless as creation itself. Empowerment is an example. Though some may proclaim it to be a new management tool, its underlying principles are, in fact, timeless—albeit largely ignored in our day-to-day conduct. It was always known that, among all the resources at management's command, it is only people who are blessed with an extraordinarily creative mind with infinite potential. There is no limit to what they can think of and accomplish. Given the right environment, they can overcome all challenges and excel at whatever they undertake to achieve. In essence, they are the real source of all competitive advantage. Furthermore, the power of their innate creativity is multiplied manifold when coupled with esprit de corps. Sharp thinking and high motivation is an explosively potent combination. Regrettably, however, we have not always acted according to this axiom. In practice, we appear to have been guided more often by deep-rooted suspicions about the mental capabilities and potential of people. We have proceeded on the assumption that they are quite erratic in their ways, indolent by nature, incapable of assuming responsibility, and sometimes even mischievous. Therefore, the only way to get them to perform reliably is to straitjacket them in a traditional command-and-control structure. Tell them what to do, and how; ensure compliance through ever-watchful control mechanisms, and a regime of incentives or punishments. McGregor labeled this approach as Theory X. It still has many confirmed followers.

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