scholarly journals Cryptocurrency and the Nigerian Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-193
Author(s):  
Siyanbola T.T. ◽  
Audu S.I. ◽  
Adediran A.R. ◽  
Agbaje A.
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Inverse Effect ◽  
Simple Regression Model ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
Financial Flow ◽  
Simple Regression

The development of cryptocurrency as a means of exchange without legal backing and invisibility of the identity of operators has posed peculiar challenges such as illicit financial flow and terrorism amongst others, to the country. This study, therefore, sought to examine the effect of cryptocurrency on the Nigerian economy. The study was hinged on social exchange theory. Secondary data were obtained from the CBN statistical bulletin and Global Financial Integrity Report for a period of six years from 2013 to 2018. The data were analyzed using a simple regression model. The result shows that R is 5.8% which means that there is a low positive relationship between cryptocurrency and the level of economic development in Nigeria. It further shows an adjusted R square of -24.6 which depicts that cryptocurrency has a low inverse effect on the level of economic development in Nigeria. In conclusion, the computed p-value of 0.913 which is higher than the set p-value of 0.05 shows that cryptocurrency does not have a significant effect on the level of economic development in Nigeria. Hence, it is recommended that, in order to sustain economic development from the activities of cryptocurrency in Nigeria, the Central Bank of Nigeria needs to ensure that laws and mechanisms are put in place to adequately capture the activities of cryptocurrency in the country.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KETIMPANGAN PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI DAN KETIMPANGAN DISTRIBUSI PENDAPATAN DI PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN (STUDI KASUS KOTA BANJARMASIN DAN KABUPATEN TANAH BUMBU)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Martin Vegarika Suntari ◽  
Ahmad Yunani
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
Provincial Capital ◽  
And Migration ◽  
High Level

Abstract - This study aims to find out how the level of economic development inequality and the inequality of income distribution in Banjarmasin City and Tanah Bumbu Regency, and how the comparison of the economic development inequality and the inequality of income distribution in that two regions. This study uses secondary data from the period of 2013-2017. The data is obtained from BPS. The analysis of inequality level of economic development using Williamson index, and analyzing the inequality of income distribution using the index gini ratio. The comparison results of Williamson index and the gini ratio index during 2013-2017 found that each analysis tool had different results. So that, it can be explained that the inequality level of regional economic development in the Tanah Bumbu Regency area with an average of 0.171 occurred due to the economy which relies on natural resources (mining and excavation), the mobility of goods and services is not smooth (distribution of goods and migration). However, the level of inequality in income distribution is low with an average of 0.312. It is because the depreciation of people's work is not much different, so that the income distribution is more evenly distributed. The inequality of economic development in Banjarmasin city is low with an average of 0.021. It occurs because the Banjarmasin city is the center of economy activities in the Province of South Kalimantan (the provincial capital). Banjarmasin city has the better infrastructure availability than other regions. In contrary, the inequality level of income distribution is in high level with an average of 0.354. It occurs because of the differences in types of work and skills of people in Banjarmasin. In addition, it also occurs becauce Banjarmasin City has a small area so that there is an inequality in income distribution.   Keywords: Williamson Index, and Gini Ratio Index.

scholarly journals Applying Social Exchange Theory to Value Co-Creation Frame: Does it Leads to Customer Loyalty?

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Adinda Farhana
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Exchange Theory ◽  
Significant Growth ◽  
Value Cocreation ◽  
Customer Trust

The emergence of E-commerce has brought many advantages, especially in economic development. With the continuously significant growth of E-commerce users, it is crucial for e-commerce platforms to sustain their business. Applying value co-creation is beneficial for e-commerce to gain a competitive advantage that leads to customer loyalty. This study aims to seek the role of value-co creation behaviour as a mediating variable between the key construct in Social Exchange Theory (satisfaction and trust) and customer loyalty. The research uses SEM-PLS to examine the model and the result indicates value co-creation behaviour influences customer loyalty positively. Hence, it is important for the e-commerce platform to gain customer trust and satisfaction to enhance their willingness to value cocreation behaviour, leading to customer loyalty.

scholarly journals Work Environment : How is It Influenced on Employee Performance?

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-408
Author(s):  
Lusiana Tulhusnah ◽  
Puryantoro ◽  
Rasidi
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Quantitative Research Methods ◽  
Simple Regression Model ◽  
Simple Regression

The productivity of employee performance can be determined by the conditions of the work environment. This of course will affect the success of the agency in determining its goals. The research objective was to determine the effect of the work environment on the performance of the employees of Abdurachman Saleh University (Unars). Quantitative research methods with a population of 66 UNARS employees and saturated sampling technique so that the sample is also 66 respondents. The data used are primary and secondary data. The data were analyzed using t test, determinant test and simple regression model using SPSS 22. The results showed a simple regression model Y = -2.7596 + 0.622X. Work environment (X) has a significant effect on the performance of UNARS employees. The contribution of the work environment to employee performance is 38.7%, which means that there is a significant influence relationsh

scholarly journals TENDENCIES OF CHANGES IN THE LEVEL OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF NORTHERN POLAND

2019 ◽  
Vol XXI (3) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Natalia Dominiak ◽  
Natalia Oleszczyk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Tabular Form ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Foreign Literature ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
Central Statistical

The aim of the analysis was to determine the trends of changes in the level of economic development in four voivodships: West Pomeranian, Pomeranian, Warmian-Masurian and Podlaskie. The study discusses the genesis of economic development, using the example of countries with oil deposits. The thesis presents the approach of development by Adam Smith, John S. Mill, Paul Krugmann and others. The research was carried out based on secondary data obtained from the Local Data Bank of the Central Statistical Office. The publication applies, among others, an analysis of sources of domestic and foreign literature as well as an index analysis, the results of which were presented in tabular form. For the purpose of this publication, the author used an analysis of sources of domestic and foreign literature as well as an analysis of secondary data expressed in real terms, the results of which have been presented in tabular form. The publication uses current quality data. The assessment of changes in the context of development covered the years 2004-2017. The analyses made indicate an increase in the level of economic development in individual voivodships in the examined period. The research has shown a growing trend in the value of analysed economic values (including GDP per capita). The Pomeranian Voivodship achieved the greatest growth. A divergence in the level of economic growth of voivodships located in eastern and western parts of Poland is visible. The voivodships located at the eastern Polish border, i.e. Warmian-Masurian and Podlaskie, show a significant slowdown, achieving the lowest development parameters.

scholarly journals Women and Matrimony: A Study of Mona Lisa Smile

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-306
Author(s):  
Pei-Yu Chao ◽  
Ya-huei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Gender Consciousness ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Mona Lisa ◽  
Cost And Benefit Analysis ◽  
Bet Theory

This study intended to use the film Mona Lisa Smile (1993) as an example to examine how women in the traditional generation of 1950 were gender stereotyped and used to trade themselves off through marriage in consideration of a cost-and-benefit analysis. However, as the change of women’s gender consciousness from the conservative to the feminist in the USA of 1950, women began to realize their potential and subjectivity, hence questing for liberal spirit and autonomy to choose their career and husbands based on love. The researchers used the qualitative method, with both the primary and secondary data, to facilitate a latent-content analysis. After conducting a content analysis of the film and the script of Mona Lisa Smile, the researchers took notes regarding gender stereotyping and conventional gender norms in social interactions and conducted a literature review of Becker’s side bet theory and Homan’s social exchange theory to investigate how women in America in the 1950s were disciplined to meet the expectation of social norms to fit the notion of conventional matrimony, and how people, both men and women, while choosing their mates, seek the maximum interest and minimum cost. The film Mona Lisa Smile lets readers have a chance to see the transformation of a marital relationship from the old days to modern ones. With raised gender consciousness, women may now subject their choices to their own will and, hence, apply a different definition to the word “marriage.”

scholarly journals Insights on Sustainable Universities from Economic and Statistical Perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-198
Author(s):  
Viktorija Šipilova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Level Of Economic Development

Abstract Currently, the issues on sustainability receive extremely high interest, especially from young generation. This makes universities as key participants in sustainable development as far as they provide wide possibilities for engagement in the process. Despite many studies devoted to universities as participants of sustainable development, there still is insufficient knowledge about their contribution to the process. Mostly, studies are qualitative and consider certain examples of good practices, which do not provide insights on common and different characteristics and trends of universities’ contribution to sustainable development. This is the result of the early stage of development of the reporting about universities’ sustainable efforts what limits possibilities to carry quantitative analysis. The paper aims, first, to search for characteristics of universities’ contribution to sustainable development and, second, to detect trends by using numerical secondary data worked up in UI GreenMetric World University Ranking. The paper focuses on universities from European Union. Special attention is devoted to countries’ economic development level as far as scientific literature suggests that the level of economic development may affect involvement in sustainable development. Research findings allows to indicate that there are both common and distinct characteristics across the cases from economically high and less developed countries what is significant for further policy-making and popularizing of sustainability idea across universities in the European Union. Universities continue to improve practices and search for new accents. However, universities’ intention to report about their sustainable efforts in long-term perspective for continuing data collection must be more active.

scholarly journals AMIR-HASSAN COMPLICATED RELATIONSHIP

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hertiana Ikasari
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Family Background ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Exchange Theory ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Important Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

The Kite Runner presents new idea and color, namely complexity of conflict toward friendship (characters) and other conflicts that happened in Afghanistan during colonization and post colonization era. There are relationships at the heart of The Kite Runner. The friendship between the two main characters, Amir and Hassan and the relationship between father and son are of importance in the novel. The first important relationship in the novel is the one between Amir and Hassan. This relationship is very complex. The objectives of the study are to analyze complicated relationship between Amir and Hassan on The Kite Runner novel and to analyze Socio-Psychological perceived on Amir and Hassan relationship The writer uses qualitative descriptive research. The writer uses the primary data and the secondary data. The primary data source is The Kite Runner novel as the object of the research. The secondary data were taken from books and journal articles supporting the analysis of Amir and Hassan relationship. The result shows that the factors influencing the relationship are similarity, reciprocity of liking and positive quality. The similarity between Amir and Hassan are on three things: family background, preference and complex problem. Based on J.W Thibaut and H.H Kelley’s social exchange theory, Amir and Hassan have good outcome, because it comes from the high rewards and low cost. Finally the value of Amir and Hassan’s relationship is the tied and interdependence relationship. It is represented by the formula: Outcome > CL > CL ALT it means: satisfactory, stable and interdependence.   Keywords: Relationship, Socio Psychology, Social Exchange Theory, Satisfactory, Stable

scholarly journals Economic Development and Demographic Changes in the economy of Himachal Pradesh from 1980-81 to 2010-11

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Amar Latta ◽  
Sunesh Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Economic Planning ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Demographic Changes ◽  
Progressive Reduction ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
Very High

Development has been appropriately conceptualized as a process, which improves the quality of life of people. Economic planning has been used in the country as an instrument for bringing about uniform regional development because one of the main objectives of the developmental programmes has been a progressive reduction in regional disparities in the pace of development. The main objective of the paper is to study the Economic development and demographic changes in the economy of Himachal Pradesh. PCA and Coefficient of Variance methods has been used in the study. To classify the districts according to the category of economic development and demographic changes from 1980-81 to 2010-11 in the Economy of Himachal Pradesh. This paper is based on secondary data. The required data have been collected entirely from secondary sources. The analysis of economic development and demographic changes shows that Lahaul & Spiti and Kinnaur were very highly developed in the level of economic development and in the demographic changes. Three districts namely Lahaul & Spiti, Chamba and Hamirpur were very highly developed. In the economic development three districts namely Bilaspur, Solan, Hamirpur were situated in the category of highly developed and only one district Kinnaur positioned in the level of demographic changes. In 2010-11 two districts Lahaul & Spiti and Solan were very highly developed in economic developed and three districts Kinnaur, Lahaul & Spiti and Chamba were very high developed in the demographic changes. In the highly developed category four districts namely Kinnaur,  Bilaspur,  Hamirpur and Chamba were highly developed in economic development, whereas, three districts namely Hamirpur,  Bilaspur,  and Kullu were in the same category in the demographic changes.

scholarly journals Kontribusi Sektor Pertanian dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Perekonomian Daerah Provinsi Jambi

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Albetris Albetris
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Large Contribution ◽  
Simple Regression Model ◽  
First Results ◽  
Simple Regression

The purpose of this research is to find out and analyze the large contribution of the agricultural sector to the economy of the regional province of Jambi and influence the agricultural sector against economic growth the province of Jambi. The object of the research is done in the agricultural sector, economic growth and GDP Jambi province. The data used in this research is the secondary data, this research are deskriptive quantitative, quantitative formulation can answer twist of the problem. The first results showed a contribution of the agricultural sector to the total GDP Jambi province for 13 years (in 2006 – the year 2018) that ranges from 25.12% to 27.44%, the greatest contribution took place in 2008, namely of 27.44% . Meanwhile, the contribution of the agricultural sector to the total GDP the lowest occurred in the year 2015, namely of 25.12%. the median contribution in sub sectors of the fishery towards the agricultural sector amounted to 26.19%. and the second results of the estimation of simple regression model shows a positive regression coefficient i.e. Y = 1.033 + 0340 X. This showing that the higher growth in the agricultural sector, it will spur economic growth in the province of Jambi 2005-2017 with the R-square of 99.10% with a confidence level significance alfa = 5%, that influence the agricultural sector very convincing. And 0.90% influenced by other factors.

scholarly journals The Effects of Organisational Citizenship Behaviour on Penetration of of Risk Services in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ismail Ahmodu-Tijani ◽  
Zurina Adnan
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Organizational Citizenship ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Exchange Theory ◽  
Scholarly Journal ◽  
Related Literature ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Future

The core objective of this paper is to examine the effect of organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB) on penetration of risk services company in Nigeria. Therefore, there is a dire need to explore this issue in the future. However, this paper drive is on effects and significance of OCB on risk services company in Nigeria. Secondary data is adopted for the review, assessment of variables and concepts of related literature, sourced from institutional material, organisational behaviourist, and articles from scholarly journal. Furthermore, this study finds out that there is significant relationship between OCB and risk services company in Nigeria. It also reveals that citizenship behavioural effort is not limited to augment effectiveness of organisations but to enhance relationships among staffs, diligent to work and value to customers according to social exchange theory. OCB as a strategy will solve penetration issues in Risk services companies.

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