COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges, Impacts and Dilemmas in Surgical Oncology (Descriptive Longitudinal Study)

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1275-1281
Author(s):  
A. Waheed ◽  
H. J. Majid ◽  
M. I. Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Surgical Oncology ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Oncologic Surgery ◽  
Course Of Disease ◽  
Palliative Procedure ◽  
Definitive Surgery

Background: The oncologic surgery patients constitute a highly susceptible group during COVID-19 pandemic. Aim: To determine how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the cases of surgical oncology, their frequency with reference to the pre-pandemic era and the challenges faced in general and in their management during the pandemic. Methodology: we conducted a descriptive longitudinal study, using consecutive non-probability sampling technique, estimating the number of cancer cases in our center, their management protocols keeping in view the local and international guidelines, resource availability and how the pandemic affected the dynamics of cancer surgery. Results: we received a total of 63 cancer cases from 1st march-31st august 2020, between age groups 29-70 years. 40 patients out of those 63 presented with complications and received early definitive surgery, where surgery could not be deferred due to the course of disease or complications. Rest of the 20 patients received either neoadjuvant chemotherapy, a palliative procedure or chemoradiotherapy, 2 patients tested COVID-19 positive, 1 non-cancer related mortality. We received 63 patients during our 6 months study time, compared with a total of 156 cancer cases received during the pre-pandemic 6 months period, showing significant decrease in frequency of cancer cases. Conclusion: Cancer cases with a chance of upgradation of disease stage due to delay or those complicated with obstruction or bleeding could not be deferred. Mandatory PCR COVID-19 testing of every admitted patient with a repeat test 48-72 hours before surgery. Early referral to corona care center if patient tests positive. Discussion of every case in MDM prior to decision making. Operating every case with complete SOPs. Keywords: COVID-19, surgical oncology, pandemic

GAMBARAN PENYAKIT PERIODONTAL PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM PUSAT PROF. DR. R. D KANDOU MANADO

e-GIGI ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezra G. R. Tambunan ◽  
Karel Pandelaki ◽  
Christy N. Mintjelungan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Oral Health Problem ◽  
Result Show ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases with characteristic hyperglycemia that occurs due to insulin secretion, insulin action or both. This disease affects many societies and continuously growing in Indonesia. Periodontal disease is an oral health problem which has a relatively high prevalence in the community where periodontal disease in all age groups in Indonesia.The purpose of this study was to determine the periodontal disease in patients with diabetesmellitus in RSUP Prof. dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. This descriptive study has 68 sample taken with total sampling technique. The sample is examined using evaluation criteria gingival index and CPITN index. The result show that subjects with periodontitis with a score of 4 is the highest as many as 18 people (44%) and subject with a score of 2 is that at least as many as 8 people (19.5%). And subjects with bad gingivitis is the highest as many as 10 people (52.6%) and subject with the good gingivitis is the at least as many as 5 people (26.3%). Based on the result of this study, periodontal disease in patients with diabetes mellitus in RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou most that periodontitis with the number of 41 people (68.3%) compared to gingivitis which is just as many as 19 people (31.7%)Keywords: diabetes mellitus, periodontitis, gingivitis, periodontalAbstrak:Diabetes Melitus (DM) merupakan suatu kelompok penyakit metabolik dengan karakteristik hiperglikemia yang terjadi karena sekresi insulin, kerja insulin atau kedua-duanya. Penyakit ini merupakan penyakit yang banyak diderita kalangan masyarakat dan terus berkembang di Indonesia. Penyakit periodontal merupakan masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang memiliki prevalensi cukup tinggi di masyarakat dimana penyakit periodontal pada semua kelompok umur di Indonesia.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penyakit periodontal pada penderita diabetes mellitus di RSUP Prof. dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan jumlah sampel 60 orang yang diambil dengan teknik total sampling. Sampel diperiksa dengan menggunakan kriteria penilaian indeks gingiva dan indeks CPITN. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa yang mengalami periodontitis dengan skor 4 adalah yang paling tinggi yaitu sebanyak 18 orang (44%), dan subjek yang mengalami skor 2 adalah yang yang paling sedikit yaitu sebanyak 8 orang (19.5%). Sedangkan yang mengalami gingivitis yang paling tinggi yaitu gingivitis buruk sebanyak 10 orang (52.6%) dan yang paling sedikit adalah yang mengalami gingivitis ringan yaitu sebanyak 5 orang (26.3%). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penyakit periodontal yang paling banyak ditemui pada penderita diabetes melitus di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado adalah penyakit periodontitis yaitu sebanyak 41 orang (68.3%) dan yang paling sedikit adalah gingivitis yaitu sebanyak 19 orang (31.7%)Kata kunci: diabetes melitus, periodontitis, gingivitis, periodontal

Sarcopenia is an actual problem in chronic kidney disease of the 5d stage

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
I. V. Lavrishcheva ◽  
A. Sh. Rumyantsev ◽  
M. V. Zakharov ◽  
N. N. Kulaeva ◽  
V. M. Somova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease Stage ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
European Working ◽  
Low Performance ◽  
6 Minute Walk Test

BACKGROUND. The lack of data on the epidemiology of presarcopenia/sarcopenia leads to an underestimation of the role of this condition in the structure of morbidity and mortality of haemodialysis patients in theRussian Federation. THE AIM: to study the epidemiological aspects of presarcopenia /sarcopenia in patients with chronic kidney disease stage 5d. PATIENTS AND METHODS. This study comprised 317 patients receiving programmed bicarbonate haemodialysis for 8.2 ± 5.1 years, among them 171 women and 146 men, the average age was 57.1 ± 11.3 years. The assessment of the presence of sarcopenia was performed using the method recommended by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. RESULTS. The prevalence of presarcopenia was 0.7 % and sarcopenia 29.6 %. The incidence of skeletal muscle mass deficiency according to muscle mass index (IMM) was 30.3 %, 48.7 % showed a decrease in muscle strength according to dynamometry, and low performance of skeletal muscles according to 6 minute walk test was determined in 42.8 %. Sarcopenia patients were significantly characterized by lower body mass index, as well as higher body fat mass values. The duration of haemodialysis (χ2 = 22.376, p = 0.0001) and the patient's age (χ2 = 10.545 p = 0.014) were an independent risk factors for the development of sarcopenia. CONCLUSION. Sarcopenia is recorded more frequently in hemodialysis patients than presarcopenia. Its prevalence increases among patients of older age groups and with a hemodialysis duration of more than 5 years. The age and experience of dialysis make their independent contribution to the development of this syndrome.

scholarly journals Effects of physical activity on cognitive function among patients with diabetes in China: a nationally longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anying Bai ◽  
Liyuan Tao ◽  
Jia Huang ◽  
Jing Tao ◽  
Jue Liu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Lagged Dependent Variable

Abstract Background We aimed to examine the effect of physical activity on different cognitive domains among patients with diabetes. Methods We used two waves of data from the Chinese Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS, 2013–2015), a nationally representative dataset of Chinese population aged over 45. Total physical activity scores were calculated based on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Executive function and episodic memory were used as measures of cognitive function. We conducted lagged dependent variable models to explore the association between physical activity and cognitive function in full sample as well as two different age groups (45–65, ≥65). Results: 862 diabetic patients were included. We found that diabetic participants who had greater level of physical activity at baseline were associated with better episodic memory function in 2 years (p < 0.05). Moreover, physical activity was significantly associated with less decline in episodic memory in fully adjusted models, and the associations were stronger among patients aged 45–65 years (p < 0.05). No statistically significant association was found between physical activity and executive function in all age groups. Conclusions Physical activity may prevent some of the potential decline in episodic memory in diabetic patients. Clinicians and public health departments should strengthen the promotion of physical activity and develop early screening tools among diabetic participants to prevent the progression of cognitive impairment.

scholarly journals Case Study of Pediatric Cerebral Sinus Venous Thrombosis Center of a Low Middle-Income Country

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 107602962110228
Author(s):  
Bushra Moiz ◽  
Ronika Devi Ukrani ◽  
Aiman Arif ◽  
Inaara Akbar ◽  
Muhammed Wahhaab Sadiq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sinus Thrombosis ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Activated Protein C ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms

Pediatric cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is rare but a potentially fatal disease requiring its understanding in local setting. In this study, we observed the clinical course, management, and outcome of pediatric patients with sinus thrombosis in a tertiary care center at Pakistan. Patients between age 0 to 18 years of both genders diagnosed with sinus thrombosis during 2011 to 2020 were included. Data was collected through in-house computerized system and SPSS version 19 was used for analysis. Of 143492 pediatric admissions, 32 (21 males and 11 females) patients with a median (IQR) age of 4.5 years (0-16) had CVST. This is equivalent to 18.5 CVST events per million pediatric admissions. Adolescents were mostly affected, and the overall mortality was 7%. Primary underlying disorders were infections (59%), hematological neoplasms (12.5%), thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (3%) and antiphospholipid syndrome (3%). Activated protein C resistance (44%) was the most common inherited thrombophilia. Twenty-one (66%) patients were anemic with a mean (±SD) hemoglobin of 9.0 g/dL (±2.3). Regression analysis showed a positive association of anemia with multiple sinus involvement ( P-value 0.009) but not with duration of symptoms ( P-value 0.344), hospital stay ( P-value 0.466), age ( P-value 0.863) or gender ( P-value 0.542) of the patients. SARS-COV2 was negative in patients during 2020. Adolescents were primarily affected by sinus thrombosis and infections was the predominant risk factor for all age groups, with a low all-cause mortality. A high index of clinical suspicion is required for prompt diagnosis and intervention.

scholarly journals Preoperative Albuminuria and Intraoperative Chloride Load: Predictors of Acute Kidney Injury Following Major Abdominal Surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diamantina Marouli ◽  
Kostas Stylianou ◽  
Eleftherios Papadakis ◽  
Nikolaos Kroustalakis ◽  
Stavroula Kolyvaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease Stage ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Major Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Postoperative Aki

Background: Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a common and serious complication associated with significant morbidity and mortality. While several pre- and intra-operative risk factors for AKI have been recognized in cardiac surgery patients, relatively few data are available regarding the incidence and risk factors for perioperative AKI in other surgical operations. The aim of the present study was to determine the risk factors for perioperative AKI in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. Methods: This was a prospective, observational study of patients undergoing major abdominal surgery in a tertiary care center. Postoperative AKI was diagnosed according to the Acute Kidney Injury Network criteria within 48 h after surgery. Patients with chronic kidney disease stage IV or V were excluded. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between perioperative factors and the risk of developing postoperative AKI. Results: Eleven out of 61 patients developed postoperative AKI. Four intra-operative variables were identified as predictors of AKI: intra-operative blood loss (p = 0.002), transfusion of fresh frozen plasma (p = 0.004) and red blood cells (p = 0.038), as well as high chloride load (p = 0.033, cut-off value > 500 mEq). Multivariate analysis demonstrated an independent association between AKI development and preoperative albuminuria, defined as a urinary Albumin to Creatinine ratio ≥ 30 mg·g−1 (OR = 6.88, 95% CI: 1.43–33.04, p = 0.016) as well as perioperative chloride load > 500 mEq (OR = 6.87, 95% CI: 1.46–32.4, p = 0.015). Conclusion: Preoperative albuminuria, as well as a high intraoperative chloride load, were identified as predictors of postoperative AKI in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery.

scholarly journals Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Depresi pada Lansia Pensiunan di Kecamatan Jekan Raya Kota Palangka Raya

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-220
Author(s):  
Syam'ani Syam'ani
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
The World ◽  
Day By Day

The population of the population in the world is increasing day by day. One of the age groups that have a significant increase in the elderly group. Projections and data found about the elderly are a concern that is of interest to the whole world because along with the increase in population it is accompanied by physical and psychological problems that accompany it. This study aims to identify factors that affect depression in retired elderly people. The design used in this study uses a research design: "CROSS-SECTIONAL". In this study, the population is elderly retirees who live in the area of Jekan Raya Subdistrict, Palangka Raya City. The sampling technique in this study uses consecutive sampling technique, which is the best type of non-probability sampling, that is, all objects that come sequentially and meet the selection criteria are included in the study until the number of subjects needed is fulfilled, namely as many as 100 people. The results showed that there was no significant relationship between sex (p: 0.671), employment status (p: 0.994), marital status (p: 0.726), education (p: 0.988), and the level of depression in retired civil servants in Jekan Subdistrict Raya Kota Palangka Raya. This research is expected to contribute positively to the management of elderly people with depression so that they are able to adapt to changes that occur due to the aging process.

scholarly journals Study of Cervical Length in Bangladeshi Cadaver

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
Zubaida Gulshan Ara ◽  
ASM Shafiqul Islam ◽  
Umme Kulsum Sharmin Zaman ◽  
Anjuman Ara ◽  
Reeva Aireen Busreea
Keyword(s):  
Uterine Cervix ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Cervical Length ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Female Genital

This cross sectional descriptive study was done to see the length of the cervix in Bangladeshi cadaver to find out the anatomical variation and to compare it with other study findings. 60 post mortem specimens containing female genital organs particularly uterine cervix were collected by purposive sampling technique from cadavers of different age groups. All the collected specimens were fixed in 10% formalin solution. This study was carried out in the department of Anatomy, Mymensingh Medical College from July 2006 to June 2007. Both gross and fine dissections were performed to measure the length of the uterine cervix. We compare our study findings with that of the references. Maximum mean length of the cervix was found in the 13-45 years age group. It was 2.89 cm. CBMJ 2016 July: Vol. 05 No. 02 P: 26-28

scholarly journals Complications and Outcome of Pregnancy in Extremes of Reproductive Age Groups: Experience at Tertiary Care Center

2016 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manju Lata Verma ◽  
Sabuhi Qureshi ◽  
Uma Singh ◽  
Nisha Singh ◽  
Pushpa Lata Sankhwar
Keyword(s):  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Tertiary Care Center

scholarly journals Modern views on the treatment of acute leukemia in children under 1 year

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
O. V. Paina ◽  
E. V. Semenova ◽  
I. V. Markova ◽  
L. S. Zubarovskaya ◽  
B. V. Afanasyev
Keyword(s):  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
High Risk Infant ◽  
Acute Leukemias ◽  
Mll Gene ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
The Difference

Acute leukemias in children aged under 1 year has different clinical manifestations as compared to patients of older age groups. The prognostic values of ALL and AML in children under 1 year are different. In ALL there are additional independent risk factors which worsen the prognosis. Clinical researches in the field of infant acute leukemia is still under develop and making a significant contribution to the understanding of the biology of leukemogenesis and therapy. The results of therapy in different research groups were comprised: POG, CCG, COG (USA), JPLSG (Japan), Interfant (BFM, researchers from New Zealand, Australia and the USA). The difference of the results led to discrepancy regarding the role of allo-HSCT in the infants treatment. In Raisa Gorbacheva Memorial Research Institute of Children Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation, the 10-year OS after allo-HSCT in the pediatric group with high-risk infant leukemias was 55 %, in the group of patients with restructuring of the MLL gene – 53 % versus 59 % without MLL gene. The results of allo-HSCT depended on the disease stage at the time of treatment, in I–II CR 5-year OS was 79 % (n = 35), in III–IV CR or progression –16 % (n = 20).

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors for myopia among school children in Aba, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uchenna C. Atowa ◽  
Alvin J. Munsamy ◽  
Samuel O. Wajuihian
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Significant Difference

Aim: To study the prevalence of myopia among school children in Aba, Nigeria.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in public and private (primary and secondary) schools. A multi-stage random sampling technique was used for selecting participants aged between 8 and 15 years from 12 schools in Aba, Nigeria. Data were analysed for 1197 children who underwent a comprehensive eye examination. The children were divided according to the following criteria: age groups (group 1 [8–11 years] or group 2 [12–15 years]), gender (male or female), level of education (primary or secondary) and type of school (public or private). Myopia was defined as spherical equivalent refraction (SER) ≤ -0.50 D in the poorer eye.Results: The prevalence of myopia was estimated to be 2.7%. Of the 96 children with refractive error, 78.1% were uncorrected. In using logistic regression analysis, risk of developing myopia was associated with older age groups (odds ratio [OR]: 1.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.16–9.11; p < 0.010) and higher level of education (OR: 1.73; 95% CI, 1.05–2.86; p < 0.030). There was no significant difference in myopia prevalence between male and female children (p = 0.89).Conclusion: Although the prevalence of myopia and overall prevalence of refractive error in school children in Aba were low, the high prevalence of uncorrected refractive error is a significant public health problem. An effective and sustainable children’s vision screening programme is needed to prevent visual impairment and blindness.

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