scholarly journals World´s 24 Biggest Agricultural Producers` Eco-Efficiency Considering Undesirable Outputs

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
Eva Richterová ◽  
◽  
Martin Richter ◽  
Jozef Palkovič ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Positive Development ◽  
Undesirable Outputs ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Dea Model ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Technology Improvement ◽  
The World ◽  
Over Time

There is still a lack of studies, which are comparing the eco-efficiency of the world`s biggest agricultural producers, which affect the development of agricultural policy the most, not just EU countries. Therefore, the main goal of this article is to evaluate and compare the eco-efficiency of the world`s 24 biggest agricultural producers in time and space and verifying the hypothesis that all the biggest agriculture producers are eco-efficient. Due to the improvement of technologies, we expect a positive development of agricultural eco-efficiency during the time. Eco-efficiency of the world’s 24 biggest agricultural producers is computed for the years 2007 and 2017, using an output-oriented DEA model with two undesirable outputs. Data are obtained from FAOSTAT for the years 2007 and 2017. 15 countries have an eco-effective agricultural sector in both years 2007 and 2017 and could be considered as sustainable efficient countries. On average the agricultural eco-efficiency is decreasing over time. Based on the eco-efficiency values, the biggest agricultural producers are divided into three eco-efficiency agricultural groups – eco-efficiency leaders, eco-efficiency followers, and eco-efficiency laggards. According to the results, the research hypothesis that all the biggest agriculture producers are eco-efficient is not confirmed. Likewise, in general, technology improvement during time does not lead to a positive development of agricultural eco-efficiency.

scholarly journals Environmental aspects of agricultural policies of the European Union countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 136-144
Author(s):  
Anna Lytvynchuk
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The European Union ◽  
State Support ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
The Eu

At present, the state of the economy of the agricultural sector in many countries of the world, including in the countries of the European Union (EU), inherent in developed industry, has led to the transition to a new environmentally oriented agricultural policy. An important role is assigned to state support of agricultural producers, through subsidies, preferential credit policy, and in some countries, the complete abolition of taxation of entrepreneurial activity in rural areas, which confirms the relevance and national economic significance of the article. In domestic agroeconomic science and practice, there is no scientific concept of state participation in the process of bringing the agricultural sector out of the crisis. Research objectives – consider the development policy of the agricultural sector of the EU countries; study the level of state support for agricultural producers. The purpose of the work is to consider the degree of development of the agricultural policy of the EU countries in the context of ensuring food security. The methods and methodology of the research were general scientific, particular methods of cognition, including the historical and logical, the method of observation and comparison. Shows the main approaches to state regulation of the development of the agro-industrial sector at the level of the European Union as a whole and in the context of member countries; characteristic features and principles that determine the success and integrity of a unified agricultural policy; factors contributing to the productivity of agricultural land; agro-ecological requirements restricting the import of genetically modified products; the main tasks in the development of a new policy of the agrarian sector of the economy; priority directions of regulation of measures to support agricultural producers, integrated development of rural areas, increasing the competitiveness of the EU agricultural sector. The practical significance of the work lies in the fact that this study will allow the state bodies of Belarus to better understand how it is necessary to form an agricultural policy in the context of ensuring food security.

FEATURES OF EU AGRICULTURAL POLICY: OPPORTUNITIES FOR UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Oleksii Hryhorovych Korytnyi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Eu

The need for constant monitoring of existing practices to improve the efficiency of the agricultural sector and identify important guidelines for further development of this area.Using modern experience of EU countries to increase the efficiency of the national agricultural sector.Practical and theoretical issues of development of the agricultural sector and the use of existing practical experience in this field were considered by O. Borodin, O. Bublienko, V. Granovska, N. Karaseva, I. Klymenko, R. Kosodiy, M. Skoryk and others.Active development of economic processes in the agricultural sector requires current research on the existing practical experience of developed countries.Analysis of practical experience in ensuring the effective functioning of the agricultural sector of the EU.An effective direction of the transition to sustainable development of rural areas is organic production (regulatory principles are reflected in the Common Agricultural Policy of the EU). The institutional norms of the CAP EU act as a guarantor of positive transformations and a "substitute" for the interests of producers in conditions of market competition. In practice, the Council and the EU Commission are responsible for implementing the common policy. European policy for the development of the agricultural sector is funded by the European Agrarian Fund for Rural Development. EU countries use various mechanisms (subsidies, grants, state loan guarantees, etc.) for the development of the agricultural sector. The best results in the direction of sustainable development of the agricultural sector were achieved by countries that took radical steps quickly, decisively, comprehensively. The experience of the EU countries shows that it is also justified to limit government intervention in this sector, or to implement it through market-type mechanisms

scholarly journals Impact of agricultural supports on competitiveness of agricultural products

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 286-295
Author(s):  
Hasan Arisoy
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Vector Autoregression ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Var Model ◽  
Political Variable ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

The agricultural sector is being supported in Turkey, as well as in the world. The issue of competitiveness is observed in agriculture, despite supports. This study aims at investigating the impact of agricultural supports in Turkey on competitiveness of agricultural products. Vector autoregression (VAR) model has been adopted in the study. The internal terms of trade (TOT), percentage producer support estimate (PSE), and the producer nominal protection coefficient (NPC) variables have been included in the model. The internal terms of trade in Turkey have developed over time against the benefit of agricultural sector. PSE has had a significant impact on TOT. Therefore, the use of PSE as a political variable has been concluded as a significant. Means of support must be discussed in Turkey more than the amount of supports. In particular, supports that will provide farmers with competitive advantage and boost up product farmyard prices will be more efficient and beneficial for farmers.

INNOVATIVE MECHANISMS OF AGRICULTURAL POLICY OF UKRAINE

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Shchurevych ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
The State ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Agrarian Policy

The article is devoted to the study of the problems of introducing innovative mechanisms of agricultural policy in the activities of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine and the search for theoretical, methodological and practical ways to solve them. It is found out that an effective and innovatively directed agricultural policy is an integral mechanism for the effective functioning of the agro-industrial sector of the state, which, in turn, allows to activate the activities of agricultural enterprises, significantly increase the number and quality of sources of attracting investment and create the basis for continuous sustainable development. Significant problems and shortcomings of Ukraine's Agricultural Policy at the present stage are systematized. Scientific research is summarized and author's definitions of the categories "innovation" and "innovative development of an agricultural enterprise"are made. The problems of formation and implementation of innovative mechanisms of agricultural policy are analyzed, as well as ways to overcome them are proposed. It is proved that innovative processes in agricultural policy should be based on the principles of interaction between science and production, have their own specific features for creating prerequisites for the sustainable development of domestic agricultural producers. The mechanism of state policy in the field of innovative development of the agro-industrial complex has been formed. The principles on which the conceptual provisions of the state Agrarian Policy are based are defined. It is concluded that the state mechanisms of Agrarian Policy in the field of ensuring innovative development of the agro-industrial complex should function in three interrelated areas: orientation to the continuous implementation of measures at the state and regional levels to improve the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the scientific and technological potential of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine; encouraging small, medium and arge businesses of the agro-industrial complex to carry out innovative activities; stimulating demand in the agricultural sector for innovative products, technologies and knowledge

scholarly journals Economic and Environmental Aspects of Agriculture in the EU Countries

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 7826
Author(s):  
Joanna Domagała
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Member States ◽  
Dea Model ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Emission Efficiency ◽  
European Environmental Agency ◽  
The Eu

The analysis of the economic efficiency of agriculture has been the subject of numerous studies. An economically efficient agricultural sector is not always environmentally efficient. Agriculture is a large emitter of greenhouse gases. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change states that food production and agriculture are responsible for 21–37% of total global CO2 emissions. Due to the comprehensive assessment of the agricultural efficiency, it is worthwhile to apply to its measurement an integrated approach based on economic, energy and environmental aspects. These aspects were the main reasons for undertaking this research. The purpose of the study was to determine the economic, energy and environmental efficiency of agriculture in the EU Member States in 2019. The environmental analyses relate to the period 1990–2019. A total of 26 member states of the European Union (excluding Malta and Luxembourg) were selected for research. The sources of materials were Eurostat and the European Environmental Agency. This study was based on the Data Envelopment Analysis method, and used the DEA model focused on minimizing inputs. The research also adopts energy productivity and greenhouse gas emission efficiency indicators. The DEA model features the following variables: one effect (value of agricultural production) and four inputs (land, labour, use of fertilizers and use of energy). It was found that seven out of the 26 studied EU countries have efficient agriculture. The efficient agriculture group included the Netherlands, Denmark, Greece, Cyprus, the United Kingdom, Italy and Ireland. Based on the DEA method, benchmarks have been defined for countries with inefficient agriculture. On the basis of these benchmarks for inefficient agricultural sectors, it was possible to determine how they could improve efficiency to achieve the same results with fewer inputs. This issue is particularly important in the context of sustainable agricultural development. In the next stage of the research, the analysis of economic and energy efficiency was combined with the analysis of GHG emission efficiency in agriculture. Four groups of countries have been distinguished: eco-efficiency leaders, eco-efficiency followers, environmental slackers, eco-efficiency laggards. The leaders of the classification were the Netherlands, Italy, Greece, Cyprus and Portugal.

scholarly journals The preparation of Hungarian agricultural policy for the EU accession

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
J. Popp
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
World Market ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Total Employment ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Consumer Prices ◽  
The World ◽  
Producer Prices ◽  
The Eu

In the enlargement process, the agriculture and food sector merits particular attention because trade and policy issues between the candidate countries and the EU are more important in this sector than in any other. In 2001, Hungarian agriculture’s contribution to GDP was 4.5 percent and agriculture represented 6.2 percent of the total employment. The share of agricultural and food products in total exports was 7.5 percent. Agricultural policies in Hungary have developed in the context of a transition towards market economy and in anticipation of entry into the EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). Producer prices in Hungary are by up to 20 percent lower than EU domestic producer prices (with the exception of beef, maize and sugar-beet). Domestic consumer prices are, in average, closely aligned with the world market prices, and in 2001, consumers were paying the world market prices. Progress made so far by Hungary provides a good basis for implementing the acquis in the agricultural sector, however, strengthening of the administrative capacity with regard to the Common Market Organisation mechanisms and structures relating to the European Agricultural Guarantee and Guidance Fund is a priority. For Hungary, the issues of equality of treatment and no distinction between the old and new members of the EU are at least as important as the level of transfers it will receive. The revised draft common position of the European Commission does not seem particularly equitable and should be improved by the end of the accession negotiations.

scholarly journals Creating the requirements to the national platform "Digital Agriculture"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Raikov ◽  
Viktor Medennikov
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
National Strategy ◽  
Cognitive Modelling ◽  
Digital Service ◽  
Digital Services ◽  
The World ◽  
Digital Agriculture ◽  
Over Time

The paper addresses the issue of creating the requirements for the development of the Russian national platform "Digital Agriculture" on the bases of collecting, formalizing and analyzing data on the current and forecasting states of the processes of using digital technologies in the agricultural economy sector at the federal and regional levels, as well as the world experience of digitalization. The national strategy agriculture goals were used as the criteria for analyzing the situation connected with the issue of creating the national platform. Currently, the agricultural sector of the country's economy has more than ten large information systems that require to be integrated to achieve the goals of the country's agricultural development. The list of problems of developing the processes of agriculture digitalization was made. The special author’s convergent strategic methodology was used for formulating the requirements that ensure the conditions for the purposefulness and sustainable convergence of the process of creating the national platform. About fifty requirements were formulated for creating sub-platforms and digital services of the national platform "Digital Agriculture". It was also used the methods of cognitive modelling and the inverse problem solving for taking into account changes in the importance of roadmap’s events of making the sub-platforms and digital service over time.

scholarly journals Development of beekeeping in Ukraine; successes achieved, the need for marketing cooperation in the industry, the strategy of the honey business

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-49
Author(s):  
Taras Dudar
Keyword(s):  
World Market ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Honey Production ◽  
The World ◽  
Food Market ◽  
The Eu

Introduction. Beekeeping is one of the traditional and most ancient branches of Ukrainian agriculture, which is engaged in breeding bees and obtaining from them honey and other beekeeping products. From ancient times for Ukrainian peasants, honey was one of the main goods in the trade of that time and a separate source of profit. In modern conditions, beekeeping performs a very important intersectoral multifaceted function, as the obtained bee honey and beekeeping auxiliary products (royal jelly, wax, propolis, bee venom, pollen) are widely used in more than 40 industries, as well as in medicine, sculpture, painting. Today, Ukrainian beekeeping is a sphere of economic activity that not only provides employment but also forms a market for the industry, gives the opportunity to develop in this type of agribusiness, both domestic and foreign markets. Its foundation is not only the fact that Ukraine accounts for about 6% of world honey production, but also the fact that consumer demand for Ukrainian honey on the world market is growing dynamically, and as a result, our country is in the TOP-3 largest world exporters of bee honey. The aim of the study is a systematic analysis of the dynamics of production and sale of honey as the main product of beekeeping in Ukraine, identification of the main economic and environmental factors shaping the demand for bee honey, substantiation of strategic guidelines for further development of beekeeping for decent competition in domestic and global honey markets. Results. It is established that the main market for Ukrainian honey is the EU countries, among which the largest consumers are Germany and Poland. In second place after the EU, the US became the buyer of domestic beekeepers. It is indicated that in order to expand export quotas for the supply of honey to EU countries, its entry into new segments of the world market, an important factor is the streamlining of the honey business. It is emphasized that due to the instability and existing challenges of the foreign honey market, the strategy of domestic beekeeping should be focused not on increasing the number of bee colonies and gross honey production, but on a more stable domestic market and modern honey processing technologies. It is argued that in order to create better conditions for the sale of beekeeping products by small and medium-sized agricultural producers, which as a result of pooling resources in cooperatives, will be able to use the latest technologies, form their marketing channels and thus strengthen their position in the agricultural food market. Prospects. The study of the honey business system, improving the quality of bee honey are necessary areas of further research in beekeeping in Ukraine, because these important components deserve special attention in further adaptation of the beekeeping industry to international standards and trade conditions.

Problems of Russian Agrarian Sector Development within Import Substitution Policy

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Дацко ◽  
Tatyana Datsko ◽  
Гагиев ◽  
Nikolay Gagiyev
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
External Trade ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Agrarian Sector ◽  
Main Emphasis ◽  
Substitution Policy ◽  
Market Infrastructure ◽  
Further Development

The article is devoted to topical problems of Russian agricultural sector caused by both internal and external factors.The degree of influence of foreign sanctions and Russian food embargo on the volume and structure of external trade turnover of our country has been analyzed. The main measures of state support of agricultural producers in the implementation of import substitution policy have been considered. Special attention is paid to ensuring the availability of credit financial resources, modernization of enterprises’ production base and improvement of agricultural market infrastructure. In conclusion the author highlights priority directions of further development of Russian agricultural complex. The main emphasis is placed on the necessary adaptation of the agricultural policy to a rapidly changing economic environment in order to preserve state sovereignty and develop national agroindustry.

Globalization and interconfessional communications

2001 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Serhii Viktorovych Svystunov
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The World ◽  
Target Set ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Rapid Appearance

In the 21st century, the world became a sign of globalization: global conflicts, global disasters, global economy, global Internet, etc. The Polish researcher Casimir Zhigulsky defines globalization as a kind of process, that is, the target set of characteristic changes that develop over time and occur in the modern world. These changes in general are reduced to mutual rapprochement, reduction of distances, the rapid appearance of a large number of different connections, contacts, exchanges, and to increase the dependence of society in almost all spheres of his life from what is happening in other, often very remote regions of the world.

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