EFFORT TO IMPROVE STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES USING THE INSIDE OUTSIDE CIRCLE (IOC) LEARNING MODEL IN CLASS IV SD

The results showed an increase in student learning outcomes. At the pretest, the average score was 62,95 and the classical level of completeness was 22,22%. In the firs cycle there was an increase after using the Insede Outside Circle (IOC) model with an average value of 71,95 and a classical completeness level of 40,74. And after taking the action and given the posttest cycle II, there were 27 students who completed their learning outcomes and 6 students who did not complete the posttest cycle II increased their learning to 81,97 and classical completeness reached 84,61%. From the results obtained and it was concluded that the Insede Outside Circle (IOC) model can improve learning outcomes for fourth grade students of SD Negeri 044857 in the 2020/2021 academic year. Based on the research results, teacherch results, teacherch are advised to use the Insede Outside Circle (IOC) model because it is proven to improve student learning outcomes.

A Stellar Constraint on Eddington-inspired Born–Infeld Gravity from Cataclysmic Variable Binaries

Eddington-inspired Born–Infeld gravity is an important modification of Einstein’s general relativity, which can give rise to nonsingular cosmologies at the classical level, and avoid the end-stage singularity in a gravitational collapse process. In the Newtonian limit, this theory gives rise to a modified Poisson’s equation, as a consequence of which stellar observables acquire model dependent corrections, compared to the ones computed in the low energy limit of general relativity. This can in turn be used to establish astrophysical constraints on the theory. Here, we obtain such a constraint using observational data from cataclysmic variable binaries. In particular, we consider the tidal disruption limit of the secondary star by a white dwarf primary. The Roche lobe filling condition of this secondary star is used to compute stellar observables in the modified gravity theory in a numerical scheme. These are then contrasted with the values obtained by using available data on these objects, via a Monte Carlo error progression method. This way, we are able to constrain the theory within the 5σ confidence level.

Dynamical Symmetries of the 2D Newtonian Free Fall Problem Revisited

Among the few exactly solvable problems in theoretical physics, the 2D (two-dimensional) Newtonian free fall problem in Euclidean space is perhaps the least known as compared to the harmonic oscillator or the Kepler–Coulomb problems. The aim of this article is to revisit this problem at the classical level as well as the quantum level, with a focus on its dynamical symmetries. We show how these dynamical symmetries arise as a special limit of the dynamical symmetries of the Kepler–Coulomb problem, and how a connection to the quartic anharmonic oscillator problem, a long-standing unsolved problem in quantum mechanics, can be established. To this end, we construct the Hilbert space of states with free boundary conditions as a space of square integrable functions that have a special functional integral representation. In this functional space, the free fall dynamical symmetry algebra is shown to be isomorphic to the so-called Klink’s algebra of the quantum quartic anharmonic oscillator problem. Furthermore, this connection entails a remarkable integral identity for the quantum quartic anharmonic oscillator eigenfunctions, which implies that these eigenfunctions are in fact zonal functions of an underlying symmetry group representation. Thus, an appropriate representation theory for the 2D Newtonian free fall quantum symmetry group may potentially open the way to exactly solving the difficult quantization problem of the quartic anharmonic oscillator. Finally, the initial value problem of the acoustic Klein–Gordon equation for wave propagation in a sound duct with a varying circular section is solved as an illustration of the techniques developed here.

PENERAPAN MODEL TEAM ASSISTED INDIVIDUALIZATION UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PASSING BOLA BASKET KELAS X UPW SMK 4 MATARAM 2018

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the application of the Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) cooperative learning model in learning passing in basketball games. This research method is classified as classroom action research. This research design uses a cycle consisting of planning, implementation, observation/evaluation, and reflection. The subjects of the research were students of class X UPW SMK Negeri 4 Mataram, totaling 42 people consisting of 22 male students and 20 female students. This research was conducted for 2 cycles. Each cycle consists of 3 meetings. In cycle 1, mastery of individual and classical cycle materials was still lacking because the percentage of student activity had only reached 75%, while the assessment carried out by the teacher was only 80% not yet 100%. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with the achievement of mastery of the material 70% individually and 75% classically. The results of data analysis showed that in the first cycle the students' mastery level of classical material was 72.6% which was in the very poor category and in the second cycle the classical level of mastery of the material was 92% which was in the very good category. so learning outcomes classically from cycle I to cycle II increase by 25%. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan Untuk megetahui efektivitas penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) dalam pembelajaran passing pada permainan bola basket. Metode Penelitian ini tergolong penelitian tindakan kelas (classroom action research) rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan siklus yang terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi/evaluasi, dan refleksi. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas X UPW SMK Negeri 4 Mataram yang berjumlah 42 orang terdiri dari 22 siswa putra dan 20 orang siwa putri. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan selama 2 siklus. Masing-masing siklus terdiri dari 3 kali pertemuan. Pada siklus 1 penguasan materi siklus secara individu dan klasikal masih sangat kurang karena persentase keaktipan siswa baru mencapai 75% sedangkan asesment yang dijalankan guru baru 80% belum mencapai 100%. Data dianalisis menggunakan stastik deskriptif dengan pencapaian penguasan materi 70% secara individu dan 75% secara klasikal. Hasil analisis data diperoleh bahwa di siklus I tingkat penguasaan materi siswa secara klasikal adalah72,6% yangberada pada katagori sangat kurang dan siklus II tingkat penguasaan materi secara klasikal adalah 92% yang berada kategori sangat baik. jadi hasil belajar secara klasikal dari siklus I ke siklus II peningkatannya 25%.

Thermopower, figure of merit and Fermi integrals

The thermoelectric efficiency accounting for the conversion of thermal energy into electricity is usually given by the figure of merit which involves three transport coefficients, with the thermopower, the electrical and the thermal conductivities. These coefficients can be defined at a semi-classical level as a function of Fermi integrals which only allow analytical approximations in either highly degenerate or strongly non-degenerate regimes. Otherwise, the intermediate regime which is of interest in order to describe high thermoelectric performance requires numerical calculations. It is shown that these Fermi integrals can actually be calculated and that the transport coefficients can be reformulated accordingly. This allows for a new definition of the figure of merit which covers all the regimes of interest without numerical calculations. This formulation of the Fermi integrals also provides a good starting point in order to perform a power expansion leading to a new approximation relevant for the intermediate regime. It turns out that the transport coefficients can then be expanded by revealing their high temperatures asymptotic behaviors. These results shed new light on the thermoelectric properties of the materials and point out that the analysis of their high temperatures behaviors allow to characterize experimentally the energy dependence in the transport integrals.

Suppression of toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes by the electron cyclotron current drive in KSTAR plasmas

Advanced operation scenarios such as high poloidal beta (βP) or high q min are promising concepts to achieve the steady-state high-performance fusion plasmas. However, those scenarios are prone to substantial Alfvénic activity, causing fast-ion transport and losses. Recent experiments with the advanced operation scenario on KSTAR tokamak have shown that the electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD) is able to mitigate and suppress the beam-ion driven toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes (TAEs) for over several tens of global energy confinement time. Co-current directional intermediate off-axis ECCD lowers the central safety factor slightly and tilts the central q-profile shape so that the continuum damping in the core region increases. Besides, the rise of central plasma pressure and increased thermal-ion Landau damping contribute to TAE stabilization. While the TAEs are suppressed, neutron emission rate and total stored energy increase by approximately 45% and 25%, respectively. Fast-ion transport estimated by TRANSP calculations approaches the classical level during the TAE suppression period. Substantial reduction in fast-ion loss and neutron deficit is also observed. Enhancement of fast-ion confinement by suppressing the TAEs leads to an increase of non-inductive current fraction and will benefit the sustainment of the long-pulse high-performance discharges.

Quantum imprints of gravitational shockwaves

Gravitational shockwaves are simple exact solutions of Einstein equations representing the fields of ultrarelativistic sources and idealized gravitational waves (shocks). Historically, much work has focused on shockwaves in the context of possible black hole formation in high energy particle collisions, yet they remain at the forefront of research even today. Representing hard modes in the bulk, shocks give rise to the gravitational memory effect at the classical level and implant supertranslation (BMS) hair onto a classical spacetime at the quantum level. The aim of this paper is to further our understanding of the ‘information content’ of such supertranslations. Namely, we show that, contrary to the several claims in the literature, a gravitational shockwave does leave a quantum imprint on the vacuum state of a test quantum field and that this imprint is accessible to local observers carrying Unruh-DeWitt (UDW) detectors in this spacetime.

Canonical equivalence, quantization and inflation for higher-order theory of gravity

Canonical formulation of higher-order theory of gravity has been attempted over decades. Different routes lead to different phase-space structures of the Hamiltonian. Although, these Hamiltonians are canonically equivalent at the classical level, their quantum counterparts may not be same, due to nonlinearity. Earlier, it has been proved that ‘Dirac constraint analysis’ (after taking care of divergent terms) and ‘Modified Horowitz’ Formalism’ lead to identical phase-space structure of the Hamiltonian for the gravitational action with scalar curvature squared terms. For the sake of completeness, this paper expatiates the extension of the same work for a general fourth-order gravitational action. Canonical quantization and semiclassical approximation are performed to explore that such a quantum theory transits successfully to a classical de-Sitter Universe. Inflation is also studied. Inflationary parameters show excellent agreement with the recently released Planck’s data.

Risking your NEC

Energy conditions, especially the null energy condition (NEC), are generically imposed on solutions to retain a physically sensible classical field theory and they also play an important role in the AdS/CFT duality. Using this duality, we study non-trivially deformed strongly coupled quantum field theories at large-Nc. The corresponding dual classical gravity constructions entail the use of radially non-monotonic D-brane distributions. The distributions are phenomenological in the sense that they do not correspond to the smearing of known probe D-brane embeddings. The gravity backgrounds are supersymmetric and hence perturbatively stable, and do not possess curvature singularities. There are no short-cuts through the bulk spacetime for signal propagation which assures that the field theory duals are causal. Nevertheless, some of our solutions violate the NEC in the gravity dual. In these cases the non-monotonicity of the D-brane distributions is reflected in the properties of the renormalization group flow: none of the c-functions proposed in the literature are monotonic. This further suggests that the non-monotonic behavior of the c-functions within previously known anisotropic backgrounds does not originate from the breaking of Lorentz invariance. We surmise that NEC violations induced by quantum corrections also need to be considered in holographic duals, but can be studied already at the classical level.

Formation of the education system in South Ossetia - State of Alania: structure and organizational and pedagogical features of management, legal aspect

The article deals with the management system in the educational sphere of South Ossetia-the State of Alania, both during the reform of the Soviet system and at the present time. Hard times for the republic, 1989-2008, negatively affected the socio-economic development of the country as a whole, and in particular had an impact on the education system of South Ossetia. Currently, the only university in the country – the South Ossetian State University-has retained the positive aspects of Soviet education, including training at the classical level of higher education-specialty. The authors note that at present knowledge is the main factor in the development of the young state. The importance of cooperation in the field of education of the young state and the Russian Federation is invaluable. Integration processes with Russia are supported by normative legal acts in the field of science and education-contracts, agreements. The article presents the current structure of education in South Ossetia and the main indicators. For the further development of South Ossetia at the present stage, it is important to ensure a high level of the educational process. The author also draws attention to the decrease in the number of the country’s population, which was caused by political and legal aspects. No matter what natural resources the region has, without a professional approach to management, and without knowledge, there will be no development, because in the context of globalization, new innovative approaches to management are extremely important. There is a need for a systematic analysis of educational practices, as well as the organization, planning and control of educational activities based on compliance with legal norms.