Faktor Internal dan Eksternal Kejadian Pneumonia pada Anak Bawah Dua Tahun di Indonesia

Pneumonia is an infectious disease that can cause death in children. The prevalence of this disease has increased and is mostly found in the 12-23 month age group. This paper aims to examine the internal and external factors associated with the incidence of pneumonia in children under two years of age in Indonesia. The data analyzed comes from secondary data from Riskesdas 2018. The Riskesdas design was cross-sectional. The research sample was all children under two years of age who were collected at the Riskesdas 2018 as many as 36,248 children. Bivariate data analysis using schi-square test and multivariate data analysis using logistic regression test. The results of the analysis showed that the risk factors for pneumonia in children under two years were the child's weight at birth (OR: 1,393; CI 95%: 1,009-1,923), the habit of opening a kitchen window (OR: 1,434; CI 95%: 1,097-1,874) and the smoking habit of other household members in the house (OR: 1,311; CI 95%: 1,088-1,580). These factors together can influence the incidence of pneumonia at under two years of age in Indonesia. Therefore, it is necessary to make efforts to change people's behavior to pay more attention to the health of LBW children, change smoking habits and get used to opening the kitchen window. These efforts can be carried out through outreach activities using various media, both formal and informal, and increasing community participation through the healthy living movement. Keywords: Internal, External, Children under two years of age, Pneumonia, Indonesia Abstrak Pneumonia merupakan penyakit infeksi yang dapat menyebabkan kematian pada anak. Prevalensi penyakit ini mengalami peningkatan dan paling banyak ditemukan pada kelompok umur 12-23 bulan. Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah mengkaji faktor internal dan eksternal yang berhubungan dengan kejadian pneumonia pada anak bawah dua tahun di Indonesia. Data yang dianalisis bersumber dari data sekunder Riskesdas 2018. Desain Riskesdas adalah cross sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah seluruh anak berusia di bawah dua tahun yang terkumpul pada Riskesdas 2018 sebanyak 36.248 anak. Analisis data bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square dan analisis data multivariat menggunakan uji regresi logistik. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa yang menjadi faktor risiko pneumonia pada anak baduta yaitu berat badan anak pada waktu lahir (OR: 1,393; CI 95%: 1,009-1,923), kebiasaan membuka jendela dapur (OR: 1,434; CI 95%: 1,097-1,874) dan kebiasaan merokok anggota rumah tangga lainnya di dalam rumah (OR: 1,311; CI 95%: 1,088-1,580). Faktor tersebut secara bersama-sama dapat mempengaruhi kejadian pneumonia pada baduta di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan upaya merubah perilaku masyarakat untuk lebih memperhatikan kesehatan bayi BBLR, merubah kebiasaan merokok dan membiasakan diri membuka jendela dapur. Upaya tersebut dapat dilakukan melalui kegiatan penyuluhan dengan menggunakan berbagai media baik formal maupun informal dan meningkatkan peran serta masyarakat melalui gerakan hidup sehat. Kata kunci: Internal, External, Baduta, Pneumonia, Indonesia

PEMBERIAN SARI DAPAT MENINGKATKAN KADAR HB PADA IBU

Background Anemia in pregnancy is a maternal condition with hemoglobin values below 11 g/dl in the first and third trimesters, or hemoglobin levels less than 10 g/dl in the second trimester. Data on visits by pregnant women at Independent Practice Midwife Betty, Amd. Keb Based on a pre-survey conducted at BPS Okdiah Betty Amd. Keb Kec. Trimurjo Kab. Central Lampung, by looking at the visit data of pregnant women TM I-TM II for the last 3 months as many as 67 people, with the results of HB 8.0-10.0 examination with mild anemia category as many as 26 pregnant women (38.8%), and HB 10.1-13.0 with normal category as many as 14 people (20.9%), from the overall data it can be seen if there are 27 people (40.2 %) who did not do Hb checks during pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving date palm juice on increasing HB levels in pregnant women in the Independent Practice of Midwife Okdiah Betty, Amd. Keb Kec. Trimurjo Kab. Lampung in the middle of 2021..Methods This type of research is quantitative, the research design is pre-experimental method with a one group pretest - posttest design approach. Data on visits by pregnant women at Independent Practice Midwife Betty, Amd. Kec. Trimurjo Kab. Central Lampung, obtained the number of pregnant women TM I and III during the last 3 months as many as 67 people, purposive sampling technique., univariate and bivariate data analysis using t-testResult The average HB level in pregnant women before being given date palm juice with a mean of 10, 270gr/dl, a min value of 9.3gr/dl and a max value of 10.8gr/dl. The average Hb level at week 7 with a mean of 10.480gr/dl, a min value of 9.7gr/dl and a max value of 11.0gr/dl, and a Hb at week 14 with a mean of 10,807gr/dl, a min value of 10.2gr/dl and a max 11.2gr/dl. Conclusion there is an effect of giving date palm juice to increase Hb levels in pregnant women Suggestion Conducting outreach to the community as a form of promotional and preventive efforts to overcome and minimize the incidence of anemia. Keywords: Dates Extract, Hb Level, Pregnant Women ABSTRAK Latar Belakang Anemia dalam kehamilan merupakan suatu kondisi ibu dengan kadar nilai hemoglobin di bawah 11 gr/dl pada trimester satu dan tiga, atau kadar hemoglobin kurang dari 10 gr/dl pada trimester dua. Data Kunjungan ibu hamil di Praktik Mandiri bidanokdiah Betty, Amd. Keb Berdasarkan prasurvey yang dilakukan di BPS Okdiah Betty Amd.Keb Kec.Trimurjo Kab.Lampung Tengah, dengan melihat data kunjungan ibu hamil TM I-TM II selama 3 bulan terakhir sebanyak 67 orang,dengan hasil pemeriksaan HB 8,0-10,0 dengan kategori anemia ringan sebanyak 26 ibu hamil (38,8%),dan HB 10,1-13,0 dengan kategori normal sebanyak 14 orang (20,9%),dari data keseluruhan dapat diketahui jika terdapat 27 orang (40,2%) yang tidak melakukan pemeriksaan Hb saat hamil. Tujuan penlitian ini diketahuipengaruh pemberian sari kurma terhadap peningkatan kadar HB pada ibu hamildi Praktik Mandiri Bidan Okdiah Betty, Amd. Keb Kec.Trimurjo Kab.Lampung tengahtahun 2021..Metode Jenis penelitian kuantitatif, desain penelitian metode Pra Eksperimental dengan pendekatan one group pretest – posttest design. Data Kunjungan ibu hamil di Praktik Mandiri bidanokdiah Betty, Amd. Kec.Trimurjo Kab.Lampung Tengah, didapat jumlah ibu hamil TM I dan III selama 3 bulan terakhir sebanyak 67 orang, teknikpurposive sampling., analisa data univariat dan bivariat menggunakan t-testHasil Rata-rata kadar HB pada ibu hamilsebelum diberi sari kurma dengan Mean10, 270gr/dlnilai min 9,3gr/dl dan nilai max 10,8gr/dl.Rata-rata kadar Hb minggu ke 7 dengan Mean10,480gr/dlnilai min 9,7gr/dl dan nilai max 11,0gr/dl, dan Hb minggu ke 14 dengan Mean10,807gr/dlnilai min 10,2gr/dl dan nilai max 11,2gr/dl. Kesimpulan terdapat pengaruh pemberian sari kurma terhadap peningkatan kadar Hb pada ibuSaran Melakukan penyuluhan kepada masyarakat sebagai bentuk upaya promosi dan preventif untuk menanggulangi dan meminimalkan angka kejadian anemia. Kata Kunci : Sari Kurma, Kadar Hb, Ibu Hamil

The Influence of Individual Characteristics, Organizational Factors and Job Satisfaction on Nurse Performance

Hospitals have professional human resources in various service fields. One of them is a nurse. This study aims to determine the effect of individual characteristics, organizational factors, and job satisfaction on the performance of nurses. This type of research is analytical survey by design (cross sectional). The research sample consisted of 165 nurses with accidental sampling method. This study uses a questionnaire on organizational factors, job satisfaction, and performance. The study was conducted from November to December 2019 at Bunda Thamrin General Hospital. Bivariate data analysis using Chi-square (X2) statistical test and multivariate using logistic regression. The results showed that there was an effect (p<0.05) years of service (p=0.02; RR=0.30), supervision (p=0.00; RR=3.83), rewards (p=0, 00; RR = 5.20), and job satisfaction (p = 0.00; RR = 8.00) on the performance of nurses. Supervision has an effect of four times (OR=3.76) and job satisfaction has an effect of 10 times (OR=10.36) on the performance of nurses. There was no effect (p>0,05) gender (p=0,55; RR=0,38), age (p=0,29; RR=0,52), education level (p=0,32; RR=1,72), career path (p=0,08; RR=0,41), and marital status (p=0,74; RR=0,73) on nurse performance. Job satisfaction and supervision are variables that have the greatest influence on the performance of nurses. So it is important for institutions to improve the quality of supervision (increase supervisory competence, determine materials and supervision schedules) and increase job satisfaction (considering motivational and hygiene factors). In addition, it provides appropriate rewards and maintains the nurse's tenure, so that it can improve nurse performance

The Effect of Health Education Through Video on Girls Knowledge with Visual and Hearing Impairments About Sexually Transmitted Infections

Girls with disabilities are more at risk of contracting STIs because they are a vulnerable group, lacking information and reproductive health services so that hygiene is not well maintained. This study aimed to determine the effect of health education through a video about STIs on the knowledge of girls who were blind and deaf in Bandung City. This study used a pre-experimental method with one group pretest-posttest design in October-December 2019. The research sample was girls who were blind and deaf at Extraordinary Schools in Bandung City. The sampling technique was total sampling with 63 respondents. Data collection was carried out by interviews and questionnaire. Bivariate data analysis used Paired T-Test. In this study, there was an effect of health education through video on the knowledge of girls who were blind and deaf about STIs.

Determinants of Achievement of Basic Immunization in Puskesmas Cot Seumeureung, Aceh Barat

Basic Immunization Achievement data at Puskesmas Cot Seumeureung is 58.9% with 256 babies. Based on interviews with 2 mothers, the most common problem found in terms of immunization is that mothers are afraid to give immunizations because their babies will have a fever so that their husbands will be angry or in other words, their husbands will not allow them. The purpose of this study was to determine the determinants of basic immunization attainment in the working area of the Cot Seumeureung, Aceh Barat. This type of research is cross sectional, the research was conducted from 30 July to 10 August 2019. With a population of 256 mothers, the sample was taken using purposive sampling technique. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires, univariate and bivariate data analysis. The results of this study indicate that there is an influence of attitudes on the achievement of basic immunization with p value = 0.005 (α = 0.05) and the influence of family support on the achievement of basic immunization with a value of p value = 0.014 (α = 0.05) and there is no effect on the affordability of immunization services towards the achievement of basic immunization with p value = 0.291 (α = 0.05). It is suggested to mothers and families who have babies to be able to increase knowledge about immunization so that the family increases support so that the basic immunization outcomes can be improved again.

Pengetahuan Ibu tentang Manfaat Bermain pada Perkembangan Anak Usia balita di Masa Pandemi Covid-19

During the Covid-19 pandemic, the government implemented the PSBB (Large-Scale Social Restrictions), which meant that no outdoor activities for the community, including children. Children's activities in the surrounding environment experience changes and restrictions. The design of this study was an analytic design with a cross sectional approach. The population of this study were all mothers who have children aged 1-5 years in Jatiluhur, and a sample of 50 respondents. The data collection tool was a questionnaire. Univariate and bivariate data analysis using the Spearmen Rank correlation. The results of this study are that the majority of the mother's knowledge level about the benefits of playing for toddlers (aged 1-5 years) is in the good category (42 mothers: 87.5%) and the development of toddlers (ages 1-5 years) the majority is in the normal category of 59 people ( 94.5%). It is shown by the results of statistical tests using the Spearmen Rank with z count 3.181 z table (1.96). The conclusion from this study is that there is a relationship between the level of maternal knowledge about the benefits of playing with the development of toddlers (ages 1-5 years). Keywords: benefits of playing, knowledge, development

Analysis of Factors Responsible for Preoperative Anxiety in Patients during the COVID-19 Pandemic at the Surgical Polyclinic of Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar

Surgery often causes anxiety in patients. Preoperative anxiety may cause delays of surgery due to physiological and psychological changes experienced by the patient. Preoperative anxiety is influenced by age, gender, education level, physical condition, and experience. The research objective was to analyze the influence of factors responsible for preoperative anxiety in patients at the Surgical Polyclinic of Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar, during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research applied cross sectional design with 98 respondents who were selected by consecutive sampling method. Data were collected using the APAIS. Bivariate data analysis was performed using non-parametric Pearson’s chi-squared test and multivariate analysis with logistic regression. All patients experienced preoperative anxiety, most of which were in the moderate category (41.8%). Factors responsible for preoperative anxiety in patients at the Surgical Polyclinic of Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar, during the COVID-19 pandemic were gender (p = 0.043, α = 0.05), education (p = 0.000, α = 0.05), and experience (p = 0.006, α = 0.05). The most dominant factor was experience with an odds ratio of 4.806. The influence of the three factors was 75.4% and the remaining 24.6% was influenced by other factors. Most respondents expressed their anxiety with fear and curiosity about surgical procedure so it is important for nurses to provide education about the surgery in order to reduce the level of preoperative anxiety in patients, especially female patients with lower levels of educational attainment who have never undergone surgery.

PENGARUH MANAJEMEN STRES TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GULA DARAH PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS DI DESA CINTA RAKYAT KECAMATAN PERCUT SEI TUAN KABUPATEN DELI SERDANG TAHUN 2020

Milletus diabetes is an emergency in a condition that is concerned with increased blood and specific specific symptoms, namely urine that tastes sweet and in large quantities. Stress is the body's response that is not specific to every need that is not disturbed, a universal phenomenon that occurs in everyday life and cannot be avoided, every person who experiences it, stress has a total impact on the individual, namely physical, psychological, intellectual, social and spiritually, stress can threaten the physiological balance. The type of research used in this research is quantitative by using a quasi experimental research design with the type of One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The population in this study were residents of hamlet IX and hamlet X in Cinta Rakyat village, the total population in this study were 30 people with Diabetes Milletus disease. The sample size of this study is the entire population according to the criteria set in 30 people with Diabetes Milletus. Univariate and bivariate data analysis using the Wilcoxon Test. a significant value of 0.002 which means that it indicates acceptance and value (α = 0.005) = 0.002 <0.005. It is expected that residents and also respondents in IX and X Dusun Cinta Rakyat Village must be able to carry out non-pharmacological stress management therapy at home so that diabetes mellitus can be prevented.

DUKUNGAN KELUARGA MENGHADAPI KECEMASAN MENOPAUSE

ABSTRACTThe research entitled this background is based on a preliminary study conducted by researchers in Tidar Magelang Selatan village, that the population of women aged 45-59 experienced some anxiety facing menopause. Anxiety occurs due to various reasons, one of which is the absence of family support.The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between family support and anxiety in facing menopause in premenopausal mothers in Tidar Village, South Magelang.The research method used is cross sectional through data collection from 62 questionnaires distributed to 62 respondents. This study conducted an expert validity test with three experts. Univariate and bivariate data analysis. The statistical test used is the contingency coefficient test by including a 2 x 2 contingency table and using a significance level of 0.05.The results of statistical tests show the chi square value of 7.468 and a significance level of 0.006, this means that family support is needed for mothers who are facing premenopausal anxiety with a strong enough relationship. From this study it can be concluded that the existence of family support can reduce the anxiety experienced by premenopausal mothers when facing menopause. It is hoped that midwives can provide health education to families regarding the importance of family support for premenopausal mothers to reduce anxiety in mothers who are facing menopause.

PENGARUH SOSIAL EKONOMI DENGAN KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA BALITA DI DESA KUALU TAMBANG KAMPAR

According to WHO, stunting is a condition of failure to grow. This can be experienced by children who get poor nutrition, have recurrent infections, and have insufficient psychosocial stimulation. Children are said to be stunting when their height growth does not match the world standard growth chart. The 2018 National Health Research (Riskesdas) data processed by Lokadata Beritagar.id shows that 30.8 percent of children under five in Indonesia experience stunting. Based on the Kampar Nutrition Situation Map in 2018 explained that the prevalence of toddlers is very short. In Kampar District it is 6.67% and short toddlers is 13.15%. If you look at the prevalence according to sub-districts in Kampar District, this study is an observational study using a cross-sectional design, using 105 toddlers. The study was conducted in Kualu Village. Bivariate data analysis uses the Quadratic Kai Test. The results showed that some parents in the Toddler Stunting group had a basic education of 102 respondents (92.86%), most had 70 respondents (67.87%) of labor and the income of most of the income below the regional drinking wage (