A Comparative Study to Assess the Quality of Life and Stress among Orphan and Non-orphan Children in Selected Areas of Bagalkot

Introduction: The word orphan comes from the Greek word ‘Orfanos’ and refers to a child permanently bereaved of or abandoned by his or her parents. Methods: A non-experimental descriptive comparative design has been adopted for the present study. The sample of the present study comprises orphan children residing in an orphanage and non-orphan children residing in selected areas of Bagalkot. The sample comprised 30 orphans and 30 non-orphans aged between 10 and 16 years. The data were collected by using self-report, structured closed-ended questionnaires for socio-demographic variables of children, self-administered WHO Quality of life BREF scale, and PSS stress scale. The data obtained were analysed with the help of descriptive and inferential statistics. Result: Findings related to the comparison between the level of stress among the orphan and non-orphan children revealed that majority of orphan children (76.66%) had about moderate stress, 23.33% of the orphan children had high stress, and none of the children had a low level of stress, whereas among non-orphan children, majority (90%) had moderate stress, 10% had low level stress, and none of them had high level stress. The findings related to the comparison of levels of quality of life among the orphan and non-orphan children reveal that a high percentage of orphan children (66.66%) had a moderate quality of life and some of them (33.33%) had a poor quality of life, whereas a high number of non-orphan children (66.66%) had a very good quality of life and some (33.33%) had a good quality of life. No significant association was found between the quality of life and stress scores with the socio-demographic variables of orphan and non-orphan children. Conclusion: The study concluded that orphan children need to improve their quality of life and decrease their level of stress.

Effect of Video-assisted Teaching on Knowledge of Staff Nurses regarding Lamaze Breathing Exercises during the First Stage of Labour to Improve Maternal and Foetal Outcome among Primi Parturient Mothers

Background: The present study was conducted to assess the impact of video aided teaching on knowledge gain of staff nurses regarding lamaze breathing exercises throughout the first stage of labour. Method: An experimental research design was chosen with pre-test and post-test of experimental and control group. The sample size was sixty registered staff nurses divided into two groups, thirty in experimental and thirty in control group. The tools used for conducting the study included demographic data and a self structured questionnaire to assess knowledge of experimental and control group. The experimental group was given video assisted teaching as an intervention and the control group was used for comparison without intervention. Result: The data were analysed with the help of descriptive and inferential statistics. The study clearly shows that there was a significant gain in knowledge of staff nurses of the experimental group with video assisted teaching that emphasises the lamaze breathing exercises during first stage of labour are safe measures to enhance maternal and foetal outcomes. Conclusion: The staff nurses are benefited with video assisted teaching to enhance knowledge and they can use the breathing exercises during first stage of labour to promote comfort to labouring women and also minimise the use of medication and risk of LSCS during labour.

A Study to assess the Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) among Adolescent Students of Kashmir

Background: Gaming is a legitimate leisure activity worldwide; however, there are emerging concerns that vast numbers of gamers are becoming addicted. In 2013, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) classifies Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) as a condition warranting more clinical research ahead of formalising it as a mental disorder. Proposed as a behavioural addiction, Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) shares many similarities in both physical and psychological manifestations with substance use disorder, including cerebral changes on functional magnetic resonance imaging. Among the gaming population, adolescents demonstrate far more addictive internet gaming use in terms of screen hours, craving, and negative impacts on health, which have, in isolated incidents, also caused death. Worldwide addiction to gamers among adolescents is becoming a serious concern. This study was conducted to assess the occurrence of IGD among adolescent students in a selected Higher secondary school of Kashmir. Methodology: Quantitative methodology with a cross-sectional research design study was conducted among adolescent students of a selected higher secondary school. 220 students were included in the study by non-probability convenience sampling technique. English version of IGD-20 test was used to assess the problem. Statistical analysis used descriptive statistics that were represented with frequencies and percentages. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results and Conclusion: An overall occurrence of IGD was 15.7% among adolescent students and it was higher among male students than female students, which was found statistically significant with a p value of < 0.049.

Assess the Impact of a Structured Teaching Programme on Awareness of Malnutrition and its Prevention among Mothers of Children under the Age of Five in a Specific Area of Lingiadih Village, Bilaspur (C.G.)

Background: The mother is the sole provider of primary care for her child for the first five years of his or her life. Her ability to provide treatment is primarily dictated by her knowledge and understanding of basic nutrition and health care. The numbers would improve dramatically if mothers were made more aware of infant feeding strategies and other health-care practices. Objective: To assess the impact of a structured teaching programme on the awareness of malnutrition and its prevention among mothers of children under the age of five in a specific area of Lingiadih Village, Bilaspur (C.G.). Method: The convenient sampling technique was used in the study. esult and Conclusion:The findings show that about 58% of the mothers of under-five children were in the age group of 21-25 years, 58% were Hindus, 52% were taking a mixed diet, 76% were from nuclear families, 62% had a family income of INR 1000-3000 per month, 50% took primary education, 92% had one child in the family, 88% of the children were partially immunized, and 30% of the mothers got the information about malnutrition from mass media. 7 (14%) mothers had average knowledge, 43 (86%) had bad knowledge, and 0 (0%) had good knowledge, according to the assessment of the overall pre-test knowledge level of the mothers of under-five children regarding prevention of protein-energy malnutrition. The overall post-test awareness assessment showed that structured teaching programme proved to be significantly effective in improving the knowledge of mothers of under-five children regarding the prevention of protein-energy malnutrition. The study concluded that there was significant difference between knowledge score and selected demographic variables hence H0 was rejected.

A Descriptive Study to Assess the Prevalence of Nomophobia among School going Children in Selected Districts of Gujarat

Introduction: Mobile phones have nowadays become a part and parcel of our life. We are not able to live without mobile technology. Mobiles have become an important part of our techno culture. Adolescents are very used to mobile phones and they are not able to live without them. Smartphones are the basic necessity of an adolescent’s life. Method: A descriptive study was conducted to assess the prevalence of nomophobia among school-going children from Rajkot and Surendranagar districts of Gujarat. Result: The present study reveals that 52.58% of the participants had a moderate level of nomophobia, 32.58% had a mild level of nomophobia, 14.40% had a severe level of nomophobia, and only 0.44% had no signs of nomophobia. Conclusion: In the present scenario, due to online classes, students are more and more involved with smartphone technologies for online classes. Nomophobia is very prevalent among school-going children and it’s affecting their health.

Overview of Epidemiological Investigations: Nurses’ Role

Emerging infectious diseases continue to disrupt the health care system in each level and are becoming progressively complicated to detect and treat successfully. Epidemiological investigations are a challenging task for the Health workers. The main purpose of this investigation is to identify the disease in the early stage and reduce the number death due to the sudden outbreak of any communicable diseases in the community. The steps in outbreak investigation should be “quick and clean.” Investigating an outbreak requires a combination of diplomacy, logical thinking, problem-solving ability, quantitative skills, and judgment. These skills improve with practice and experience.

A Study to Assess the Unmet Needs of Family Planning and Reason for Non-Use of Contraceptive Methods among Women in Reproductive Age Group in a Selected Community in West Bengal

Background: A comparative descriptive study to assess unmet needs of family planning and reason for non-use of contraceptiveswhere non-probability purposive sampling technique was used to select 200 reproductive age group women i.e.100 from urban and 100 from rural community. Methods: Data was collected through self- structured interview schedule through home visits.The majorfindings of the study showed that unmet needs of family planning were 38% in urban and 27% in rural women. Result: The common reasons for non-use of contraceptives were fertility related reasons i.e. 42.1% women had desire for more children in urban versus 37.03% of women reported for infrequent sex in rural. Respondent’s restriction was 42.1% in urban and 40.7% in rural. Fear of side effects like health problems were 26.3% in urban women versus 22.22% in rural. Contraceptive method related reasons were in 15.8% urban women who reported interference with body process with previous usage versus 33.3% in rural. Unawareness was in 15.8% urban women and 7.40% in rural women. Misperception like IUD penetrates uterus was 2.6% in urban women and 11.11% in rural. Non- utilization of health care services was 2.6% in urban community whereas33.3% in rural. The study showed no significant association between age and respondent’s restriction, desire for more children and infrequent sex and background information i.e. age and religion in both communities. onclusion: The study showed that awareness and usage of contraceptives in rural areas was more as compared to urban areas.

To Study the Effectiveness of the Training Program on Safe Administration of Drugs to Reduce the Medication Error

Introduction: Medication process is a complex process and errors are possible at several aspects of medication process. The present study was conducted in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of selected hospital, Delhi, with the objectives of investigating the incidence of medication errors in the NICU, to explore the types of medication errors occurring frequently, to develop and evaluate the training program on safe administration of pediatric drugs in terms of knowledge and skills for the nurses working in the neonatal unit. Methodology: Research approach selected for the study was quantitative approach with pre-experimental one group pre-test, post-test design. 50 prescriptions and 138 drugs were selected for investigating the medication errors and total enumeration sampling technique was used for selecting the staff nurses for evaluating the knowledge and practice of 30 staff nurses. Tools developed and used for data collection were structured knowledge questionnaire and observation check list to assess the knowledge and practice of staff nurses on safe administration of pediatric drugs respectively. Result: Medication errors were present in 127 (92.02%) drugs prescribed by the pediatrician. Medication error rate was highest during drug administration process that is 117 (94.90%) followed by the documentation error of 110 (79.7%) whereas transcription errors accounted for 69 (50%) in overall process of the medication. The prescription errors were noted in 56 (40.50%) of drug prescriptions. The mean post- test knowledge and practice scores of the staff nurses on safe administration of drugs were statistically higher at 0.05 level of significance than the corresponding mean pre-test knowledge and practice scores. Conclusion: The training program on safe administration of pediatric drugs was found to be effective in improving knowledge and practice of staff nurses.

A Quasi Experimental Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Self-Instructional Module on Knowledge regarding Kangaroo Mother Care among Staff Nurses in Selected Hospitals at Jaipur City, Rajasthan

Background:Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) is the care given to new born immediately after the birth in which SSC is provided to boost growth in LBW along with other benefits. KMC is a novel method of care of infants under 2000 grams of birth weight. KMC has been developed for fostering neurobehavioral development and supporting parent-infant intimacy and attachment. The current study aims at assessing the efficacy of SlM about KMC amid registered nurses. Objective:To assess existing knowledge about KMC, to develop, validate and administer SIM on KMC, to find efficacy of SIM on knowledge of registered nurses about KMC and to associate the knowledge score of staff nurse about KMC and their selected demographic variables. Methods: This study was conducted in Jaipur, Rajasthan. Five hundred staff nurses from hospital were enrolled through simple random sampling. A pre-test done to assess pre-interventional knowledge. Followed by SIM introduction to subjects. After 7 days, post-test was conducted. Result: Results showed that about two-third (77.2%) of the total sample were within age group 21 to 30 years. 86.8% of staff nurses had major source of knowledge related to KMC through academic. The result showed mean knowledge score in pre-test was 23.60 and in post-test was 49.16 among staff nurse. It showed the all the nurses had achieved good level of knowledge after implementation of SIM. The findings (Z=40.78) showed that calculated value (40.78) was more than tabulated value (1.96) at 0.001% significance. Hence, it indicated significant difference and efficacy of SIM on knowledge gained by the staff nurses. The level of knowledge of post-test among staff nurses was higher than pretest. Conclusion: The SIM facilitated them to update their knowledge related to KMC. Hence, more awareness and training programmes should be conducted so that this method can be implemented throughout the country.

Effectiveness of Pranayam Techniques in Reduction of Stress among Old Age People at Selected Rural Community at Bhopal

Introduction:Emergent old in a society that has been obsessed with youth may have a critical impact on the mental health of many people. Older people may face worsening health or dwindling finances or simply the challenges of retaining their independence. Unfortunately, the body’s natural defenses against stress gradually break down with age. Psychological stress has frequently been associated with a broad spectrum of negative health outcomes Although life after the retirement age is generally considered to be a peaceful period of life, many psychological challenges, such as loneliness, bereavement, caring for a family member and deterioration of own health, may occur, all of which can lead to increased levels of stress. Due to prolonged life expectancy, more and more adults are reaching very old age, increasing the possibility to face health-related stressors consequently leading to higher levels of perceived stress. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of pranayama in reduction of stress among old age people. Methodology: The researcher used.pre experimental research design with evaluative approach used, setting of the study was Apna Old Age Home, Bhopal and sample size comprises of 30 old age people residing in old age homes. Result: The present finding of the study indicate that in pretest majority 20 (66.67%) of old age people had high perceived stress, 7(23.33%) had moderate stress, and 3 (10.%) had low stress. In Post-test: Majority 25 (83.33%) of old age people had moderate stress and 2 (16.66%) had low stress and none of having high level of stress perceived after doing pranayama. Conclusion: pranayama is a very cheap and cost effective in reduction of various psychological problems without having any side effect.