Kidney-targeted triptolide-encapsulated mesoscale nanoparticles for high-efficiency treatment of kidney injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 5312-5323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiulong Deng ◽  
Tao Zeng ◽  
Jiawen Li ◽  
Caili Huang ◽  
Meng Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Renal Diseases

Insolubility and toxicity of TP restrict clinical applications in renal diseases. Here, TP-encapsulated mesoscale nanoparticles offer a new therapeutic strategy for renal diseases due to good biocompability, kidney targeting and slow release.

scholarly journals Human Urine Proteomics: Analytical Techniques and Clinical Applications in Renal Diseases

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiva Kalantari ◽  
Ameneh Jafari ◽  
Raheleh Moradpoor ◽  
Elmira Ghasemi ◽  
Ensieh Khalkhal
Keyword(s):  
Biomarker Discovery ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Clinical Proteomics ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
The Past ◽  
Urinary Proteomics ◽  
Proteins And Peptides

Urine has been in the center of attention among scientists of clinical proteomics in the past decade, because it is valuable source of proteins and peptides with a relative stable composition and easy to collect in large and repeated quantities with a noninvasive procedure. In this review, we discuss technical aspects of urinary proteomics in detail, including sample preparation, proteomic technologies, and their advantage and disadvantages. Several recent experiments are presented which applied urinary proteome for biomarker discovery in renal diseases including diabetic nephropathy, immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, lupus nephritis, membranous nephropathy, and acute kidney injury. In addition, several available databases in urinary proteomics are also briefly introduced.

scholarly journals Kidney Injury Caused by Preeclamptic Pregnancy Recovers Postpartum in a Transgenic Rat Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3762
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Kedziora ◽  
Kristin Kräker ◽  
Lajos Markó ◽  
Julia Binder ◽  
Meryam Sugulle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Transgenic Rat ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Before And After

Preeclampsia (PE) is characterized by the onset of hypertension (≥140/90 mmHg) and presence of proteinuria (>300 mg/L/24 h urine) or other maternal organ dysfunctions. During human PE, renal injuries have been observed. Some studies suggest that women with PE diagnosis have an increased risk to develop renal diseases later in life. However, in human studies PE as a single cause of this development cannot be investigated. Here, we aimed to investigate the effect of PE on postpartum renal damage in an established transgenic PE rat model. Female rats harboring the human-angiotensinogen gene develop a preeclamptic phenotype after mating with male rats harboring the human-renin gene, but are normotensive before and after pregnancy. During pregnancy PE rats developed mild tubular and glomerular changes assessed by histologic analysis, increased gene expression of renal damage markers such as kidney injury marker 1 and connective-tissue growth factor, and albuminuria compared to female wild-type rats (WT). However, four weeks postpartum, most PE-related renal pathologies were absent, including albuminuria and elevated biomarker expression. Only mild enlargement of the glomerular tuft could be detected. Overall, the glomerular and tubular function were affected during pregnancy in the transgenic PE rat. However, almost all these pathologies observed during PE recovered postpartum.

scholarly journals Protective Role of Nrf2 in Renal Disease

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Melania Guerrero-Hue ◽  
Sandra Rayego-Mateos ◽  
Cristina Vázquez-Carballo ◽  
Alejandra Palomino-Antolín ◽  
Cristina García-Caballero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Ckd Progression ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Novel Therapeutic Strategies

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the fastest-growing causes of death and is predicted to become by 2040 the fifth global cause of death. CKD is characterized by increased oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. However, therapies to slow or prevent CKD progression remain an unmet need. Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) is a transcription factor that plays a key role in protection against oxidative stress and regulation of the inflammatory response. Consequently, the use of compounds targeting Nrf2 has generated growing interest for nephrologists. Pre-clinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that Nrf2-inducing strategies prevent CKD progression and protect from acute kidney injury (AKI). In this article, we review current knowledge on the protective mechanisms mediated by Nrf2 against kidney injury, novel therapeutic strategies to induce Nrf2 activation, and the status of ongoing clinical trials targeting Nrf2 in renal diseases.

scholarly journals Association of proton pump inhibitors and concomitant drugs with risk of acute kidney injury: a nested case–control study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e041543
Author(s):  
Keiko Ikuta ◽  
Shunsaku Nakagawa ◽  
Kenji Momo ◽  
Atsushi Yonezawa ◽  
Kotaro Itohara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Proton Pump Inhibitors ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess whether the combined use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or antibiotics (penicillins, macrolides, cephalosporins or fluoroquinolones) was associated with an increased risk of acute kidney injury (AKI).DesignA nested case–control study.SettingA health insurance claims database constructed by the Japan Medical Data Center.ParticipantsPatients were eligible if they were prescribed a PPI, NSAID and antibiotic at least once between January 2005 and June 2017. The patients who were new PPI users and did not have any history of renal diseases before cohort entry were included (n=219 082). The mean age was 45 and 44% were women.InterventionsCurrent use of PPIs, NSAIDs, or antibiotics.Primary outcome measuresAcute kidney injury.ResultsDuring a mean follow-up of 2.4 (SD, 1.7) years, 317 cases of AKI were identified (incidence rate of 6.1/10 000 person-years). The current use of PPIs was associated with a higher risk of AKI compared with past PPI use (unadjusted OR, 4.09; 95% CI, 3.09 to 5.44). The unadjusted ORs of AKI for the current use of PPIs with NSAIDs, cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones, compared with the current use of PPIs alone, were 3.92 (95% CI, 2.40 to 6.52), 2.57 (1.43 to 4.62) and 3.08 (1.50 to 6.38), respectively. The effects of concurrent use of PPIs with NSAIDs, cephalosporins or fluoroquinolones remain significant in the adjusted model. The analyses on absolute risk of AKI confirmed the results from the nested case–control study.ConclusionsConcomitant use of NSAIDs with PPIs significantly increased the risk for AKI. Moreover, the results suggested that concomitant use of cephalosporins or fluoroquinolones with PPIs was associated with increased risk of incident AKI.

Indications for Dialysis in Acute Kidney Injury

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankit Patel ◽  
Kenneth B Christopher
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Renal Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Intermittent Hemodialysis ◽  
Continuous Venovenous Hemofiltration ◽  
Continuous Venovenous Hemodialysis ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

Renal replacement therapy (RRT) can be used to support patient’s kidney function in cases of acute kidney injury (AKI). However, timing, modality, and dosing of RRT continue to remain in question. Recent studies have begun to provide data to help guide clinicians on when to initiate RRT, what form of RRT to use ranging from continuous venovenous hemofiltration (VVH) to intermittent hemodialysis, and the impact of high versus low-intensity dosing. Additionally, the risks associated with temporary vascular access with regard to thrombosis and infection, the impact of high efficiency and flux versus low efficiency and flux membranes, and options for anticoagulation in RRT for AKI are also discussed. This review contains 75 references.  Key words: acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, continuous venovenous hemofiltration, continuous venovenous hemodialysis, renal replacement therapy, venovenous hemofiltration, 

scholarly journals Extracellular vesicles as immune mediators in response to kidney injury

2018 ◽  
Vol 314 (1) ◽  
pp. F9-F21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Feigerlová ◽  
Shyue-Fang Battaglia-Hsu ◽  
Thierry Hauet ◽  
Jean-Louis Guéant
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Cytokine Signaling ◽  
Renal Tubular ◽  
Tissue Recovery

Important progress has been made on cytokine signaling in response to kidney injury in the past decade, especially cytokine signaling mediated by extracellular vesicles (EVs). For example, EVs released by injured renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) can regulate intercellular communications and influence tissue recovery via both regulating the expression and transferring cytokines, growth factors, as well as other bioactive molecules at the site of injury. The effects of EVs on kidney tissue seem to vary depending on the sources of EVs; however, the literature data are often inconsistent. For example, in rodents EVs derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EVs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPC-EVs) can have both beneficial and harmful effects on injured renal tissue. Caution is thus needed in the interpretation of these data as contradictory findings on EVs may not only be related to the origin of EVs, they can also be caused by the different methods used for EV isolation and the physiological and pathological states of the tissues/cells under which they were obtained. Here, we review and discuss our current understanding related to the immunomodulatory function of EVs in renal tubular repair in the hope of encouraging further investigations on mechanisms related to their antiinflammatory and reparative role to better define the therapeutic potential of EVs in renal diseases.

scholarly journals Renal cell markers: lighthouses for managing renal diseases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivangi Agarwal ◽  
Yashwanth R Sudhini ◽  
Onur K Polat ◽  
Jochen Reiser ◽  
Mehmet Mete Altintas
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Cell Markers ◽  
Urine Production

Kidneys, one of the vital organs in our body, are responsible for maintaining whole-body homeostasis. The complexity of renal function (e.g., filtration, reabsorption, fluid and electrolyte regulation, urine production) demands diversity not only at the level of cell types but also in their overall distribution and structural framework within the kidney. To gain an in-depth molecular-level understanding of the renal system, it is imperative to discern the components of kidney and the types of cells residing in each of the sub-regions. Recent developments in labeling, tracing, and imaging techniques enabled us to mark, monitor and identify these cells in vivo with high efficiency in a minimally invasive manner. In this review, we have summarized different cell types, specific markers that are uniquely associated with those cell types, and their distribution in kidney, which altogether make kidneys so special and different. Cellular sorting based on the presence of certain proteins on the cell surface allowed for assignment of multiple markers for each cell type. However, different studies using different techniques have found contradictions in the cell-type specific markers. Thus, the term "cell marker" might be imprecise and sub-optimal, leading to uncertainty when interpreting the data. Therefore, we strongly believe that there is an unmet need to define the best cell markers for a cell type. Although, the compendium of renal-selective marker proteins presented in this review is a resource that may be useful to the researchers, we acknowledge that the list may not be necessarily exhaustive.

scholarly journals Circular RNAs as Novel Diagnostic Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Kidney Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianwen Yu ◽  
Danli Xie ◽  
Naya Huang ◽  
Qin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Glomerular Diseases ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel type of non-coding RNAs that have aroused growing attention in this decade. They are widely expressed in eukaryotes and generally have high stability owing to their special closed-loop structure. Many circRNAs are abundant, evolutionarily conserved, and exhibit cell-type-specific and tissue-specific expression patterns. Mounting evidence suggests that circRNAs have regulatory potency for gene expression by acting as microRNA sponges, interacting with proteins, regulating transcription, or directly undergoing translation. Dysregulated expression of circRNAs were found in many pathological conditions and contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of various disorders, including renal diseases. Recent studies have revealed that circRNAs may serve as novel reliable biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis prediction of multiple kidney diseases, such as renal cell carcinoma (RCC), acute kidney injury (AKI), diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and other glomerular diseases. Furthermore, circRNAs expressed by intrinsic kidney cells are shown to play a substantial role in kidney injury, mostly reported in DKD and RCC. Herein, we review the biogenesis and biological functions of circRNAs, and summarize their roles as promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets in common kidney diseases.

Renal medicine

2021 ◽  
pp. 353-382
Author(s):  
Gopesh K. Modi ◽  
Vivekanand Jha
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Renal Stones ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Acute Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Glomerular Diseases ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Assessing renal function, Urinalysis, Proteinuria, Hematuria, Chyluria, Imaging in renal disease, Kidney biopsy, Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), Diabetic Nephropathy, End Stage Renal Disease and Dialysis, Kidney Transplantation, Glomerular diseases, Acute glomerulonephritis, Urinary schistosomiasis (bilharzia), Infections and Kidney Disease, Rapidly Progressive glomerulonephritis, Tubulointerstitial Disease, Urinary Tract Infection, Vesico-ureteric reflux, Renal Stones, Renal Disease in Pregnancy, Renal Artery Stenosis, Renal Mass, Inherited Renal Diseases

scholarly journals Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Protects Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury through the PTEN/AKT Signaling Pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Wanfen Zhang ◽  
Cheng Chen ◽  
Ran Jing ◽  
Tongqiang Liu ◽  
Bicheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Ischemic Preconditioning ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Akt Signaling ◽  
Remote Ischemic Preconditioning ◽  
Pten Mrna ◽  
Induce Resistance ◽  
In Cis

Although cisplatin (Cis) is an effective chemotherapeutic agent in treatment of various cancers, its adverse effect of nephrotoxicity limits the clinical application. Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) is a strategy to induce resistance in a target organ against the oxidative stress and injury by applying transient, brief episodes of ischemia. However, whether RIPC exerts protective effect on Cis-induced renal injury remains unclear. In this study, we showed that RIPC significantly alleviated the renal functional and histopathological damage of Cis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) mice. Furthermore, RIPC substantially reversed the downregulation of miR-144 and upregulation of PTEN in renal tissues of Cis-induced AKI mice and alleviated tubular cell apoptosis via activating PTEN/AKT signaling. In mechanism, we demonstrated that miR-144 directly targets the 3’-UTR of PTEN mRNA, and then the elevation of miR-144 in RIPC activates PTEN/AKT signaling by downregulating PTEN expression to achieve its antiapoptosis effect. Collectively, our results indicate that RIPC may be a potential therapeutic strategy in Cis-induced AKI, and provide insights on the underlying molecular mechanisms of cisplatin’s nephrotoxicity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document