Best irrigation scheduling way with saline water and desalinated water: Field experiments

In Tunisia, only 30% of mobilized water resources have salinity less than 2.34 dS/m. The objective of this work was to determine the best irrigation scheduling way when saline and desalinated waters are used. Different irrigation doses of freshwater and saline water are used: T80-20, T50-50 and T1d-1d. 80, 20 and 50 correspond to the percentages of irrigation water supplied in a day. For 1d-1d, this corresponds to irrigation one day with saline water and then the next day with desalinated water. Their effect on crops growth and on soil salinity was measured for three different saline waters (1.56, 4.68 and 7.81 dS/m). For irrigation with water salinity of 1.56 dS/m, the treatments T50-50 gives the better yield. For the 4.68 and 7.81 dS/m, a reduction in height was observed for all treatments. Also, for soil salinity at the end of the lettuce crop cycle, T50-50 is the best treatment that has given the best results at all levels.

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The Effect of Salinity and Irrigation Regimes on the Level of Fatty Acids in Olive Flesh Oil

Modern Applied Science ◽

10.5539/mas.v10n5p98 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 98

Author(s):

Ali Asghar Ghaemi ◽

Ali Dindarlou ◽

Mohammad Taghi Golmakani ◽

Fatemeh Razzaghi

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Palmitic Acid ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Saline Water ◽

Oil Quality ◽

Irrigation Treatment ◽

Water Levels ◽

Irrigation Levels

Olive trees have the capability of growing under semi-arid regions, where drought and salinity are the major concerns. Two years field experiments were carried out to investigate the interaction effects of natural saline well water and irrigation levels on the quantity and quality of fatty acids in the olive flesh fruits (“Roghani” cultivar). A factorial layout within a randomized complete blocks design with three replications of five irrigation levels (I1 to I5 as 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1 and 1.25 ETc) and three saline water levels (S1 to S3 as 100%WW, 50%WW+50%FW and 100%FW) were considered. The fresh and brackish irrigation water were withdrawn from two different natural wells (fresh water (FW) and saline water wells (WW)). Results revealed that increasing salinity and decreasing irrigation water levels caused significant increment in the ratio of unsaturated fatty acids, palmitic acid to the percentage of oil and oil percentage in olive flesh fruit. It is found that as water salinity increased from lowest to the highest level, the oleic acid trends to its highest value of 23.68% in I1S1. Mean values of palmitic acid in 2013 were 27.52% and decreased to 19% in 2014. It is concluded that highest percentage of oleic, linoleic, linolenic and palmitic acids obtained under high saline and less applied irrigation treatment (S1I2) yielding to improve the olive oil quality.

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Effect of deficit drip-irrigation scheduling regimes with saline water on pepper yield, water productivity and soil salinity under arid conditions of Tunisia

Journal of Applied Horticulture ◽

10.37855/jah.2012.v14i01.03 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 14 (01) ◽

pp. 18-24

Author(s):

K. Nagaz ◽

M.M. Masmoudi ◽

N. Ben Mechlia

Keyword(s):

Soil Salinity ◽

Drip Irrigation ◽

Saline Water ◽

Water Productivity ◽

Irrigation Scheduling ◽

Arid Conditions

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SALICYLIC ACID AS AN ATTENUATOR OF SALT STRESS IN SOURSOP

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252020v33n424rc ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 1092-1101

Author(s):

ANDRÉ ALISSON RODRIGUES DA SILVA ◽

GEOVANI SOARES DE LIMA ◽

CARLOS ALBERTO VIEIRA DE AZEVEDO ◽

LUANA LUCAS DE SÁ ALMEIDA VELOSO ◽

HANS RAJ GHEYI

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Salicylic Acid ◽

Salt Stress ◽

Stomatal Conductance ◽

Gas Exchange ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Saline Water ◽

Stress Effects ◽

Saline Waters ◽

Induced Tolerance

ABSTRACT The search for alternatives that enable the use of saline waters in agriculture has become constant. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the effects of salicylic acid in mitigating salt stress effects on the growth and gas exchange of soursop cv. ‘Morada Nova’. The study was conducted in a greenhouse, in the municipality of Campina Grande - PB, Brazil. Treatments were distributed in randomized blocks, in a 5 x 4 factorial arrangement, corresponding to five levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water - ECw (0.8; 1.6; 2.4; 3.2 and 4.0 dS m-1) and four concentrations of salicylic acid - SA (0; 1.2; 2.4 and 3.6 mM), with three replicates. Irrigation with saline water compromised the growth and gas exchange of soursop cv. ‘Morada Nova’. However, exogenous application of salicylic acid induced tolerance to salt stress in soursop plants, as their growth, transpiration, stomatal conductance, photosynthesis and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency were favored by the application of salicylic acid, even when exposed to water salinity.

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Effect of Pterocladia capillacea Seaweed Extracts on Growth Parameters and Biochemical Constituents of Jew’s Mallow

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10030420 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 420 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mohamed Ashour ◽

Ahmed A. El-Shafei ◽

Hanan M. Khairy ◽

Doaa Y. Abd-Elkader ◽

Mohamed A. Mattar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irrigation Water ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Water Productivity ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Irrigation Scheduling ◽

Water Extraction ◽

Yield Response ◽

Yield Reduction ◽

Initial Growth

We performed field experiments to evaluate the influence of two extraction treatments, seaweed (Pterocladia capillacea S.G. Gmelin) water extraction (WE) and ultrasound-assisted water extraction (USWE) at three concentrations (5%, 10%, and 15%), as well as control NPK traditional mineral fertilizer on the growth, yield, minerals, and antioxidants of Jew’s Mallow (Corchorus olitorius L.) during the two seasons of 2016 and 2017 in Egypt. Plant height, number of leaves, and fresh weight of WE10 treatment were the highest (p < 0.05) as 59.67 cm, 10.67 and 2.41 kg m−2 in 2016, respectively, and 57.33 cm, 11.00 and 2.32 kg m−2 in 2017, respectively. WE10 and USWE5 treatments produced the highest dry matter (17.07%) in 2016 and (16.97%) in 2017, respectively. WE10 plants had an increased water productivity of 41.2% relative to control plants in both seasons. The highest chlorophyll ‘a’ was recorded after the WE10 treatment in 2016 and 2017 (17.79 μg g−1 and 17.84 μg g−1, respectively). The highest levels of total antioxidant capacity, total phenolics, and total flavonoids were also recorded after the WE10 treatment. Application of WE10 boosted growth, yield, minerals, and antioxidants of Jew’s Mallow. The CROPWAT model was used to estimate the evapotranspiration, irrigation water requirements, and yield response to irrigation scheduling. Our data showed a yield reduction in the initial growth stage if a limited amount of water was provided. Therefore, irrigation water should be provided during the most important stages of crop development with the choice of effective irrigation practices to avoid water losses, as this helps to maximize yield.

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Using highly saline irrigation water for a fodder barley crop

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s002185960003447x ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 96 (3) ◽

pp. 515-520 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Z. Hussain

Keyword(s):

Soil Salinity ◽

Considerable Increase ◽

Saline Water ◽

High Yield ◽

Yield Reduction ◽

Saline Irrigation ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Short Period ◽

Saline Waters ◽

Irrigation Waters

SUMMARYThe aim of this investigation was to grow barley as a fodder crop under highly saline conditions. Saline irrigation waters with an electrical conductivity (EC) of 2·5, 4·0, 6·0 and 8·0 mmhos/cm respectively were used to irrigate test crops of barley over two growing seasons.It was concluded that in general more highly saline water leads to a considerable increase in soil salinity even over a short period of growth, and a close control of soil salinity through leaching is required. Saline water with an EC of 4·0 mmhos/cm may be utilized without excessively high yield reductions if the soil salinity is well maintained. The saline waters with an EC of 6·0 mmhos/cm and 8·0 mmhos/cm may lead to yield reduction, and they require careful managmeent to control soil salinity build-up.

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Saline water irrigation in semiarid region: II – effects on growth and nutritional status of onions

Australian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.21475/ajcs.19.13.07.p1687 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1177-1182

Author(s):

Luiz Guilherme Medeiros Pessoa ◽

Maria Betânia Galvão dos Santos Freire ◽

Renato Lemos dos Santos ◽

Fernando José Freire ◽

Patrícia Ribeiro dos Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Saline Water ◽

Sodium Adsorption Ratio ◽

Semiarid Region ◽

Brazilian Semiarid ◽

Saline Waters ◽

Onion Cultivar

The use of saline waters for the irrigation of crops such as onion is a common practice in the Brazilian semiarid region. However, the effect of the use of these waters on onion nutrition and growth has been underappreciated. This work aims to evaluate Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+ and Cl- levels and onion growth in two Fluvisols under irrigation with waters of variable electrical conductivity and increasing values of sodium adsorption ratio. A greenhouse experiment was conducted in two Fluvisols cultivated with onion. After transplanting each plant was irrigated with saline waters, in a factorial arrangement 2 x 3 x 6, corresponding to two soils (sandy loam and silt clay loam), three values of electrical conductivity (EC - 200, 700 and 2,000 μS cm-1) and six levels of sodium adsorption ratio (SAR - 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 (mmolc L-1)0.5). Plants were collected at 90 days after transplanting and onion growth parameters as well Ca, Mg, K, Na and Cl levels were each measured. The SAR of the irrigation waters and the soil did not show any significant influence on the onion growth variables or on the levels of the evaluated elements. The increase in salinity of the irrigation water promoted a reduction in the growth variables of the evaluated onion cultivar. Increases in the levels of Ca, Na and Cl as well as a reduction in the level of K in the onion plant dry matter were all observed with increasing salinity of the irrigation water; however, the Mg content level was not affected. As the salinity of the irrigation water was the main factor affecting onion growth, an EC of 200 µS cm-1 is the limit to promote the best onion growth cultivated in both sandy and silt clay soils.

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Soil salinization risk assessment owing to poor water quality drip irrigation: A case study from an olive plantation at the arid to semi-arid Beit She'an Valley, Israel

10.5194/gmd-2020-231 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Vladimir Mirlas ◽

Yaakov Anker ◽

Asher Aizenkod ◽

Naftali Goldshleger

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Soil Fertility ◽

Soil Salinity ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Drip Irrigation ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Soil Salinization ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Economic Damage ◽

Study Objective

Abstract. Salinization causes soil degradation and soil fertility reduction. The main reasons for soil salinization are poor irrigation water quality and incorrect irrigation management. Soil salinization is accelerated owing to irrigation with treated wastewater with elevated salt concentration. The study area is located in the Beit She'an Valley, one of the most important agricultural regions in Israel. The combination of soil salinization and poor drainage conditions impedes plant development and is manifested in economic damage to crops. Without clear irrigation criteria, an increase in soil salinity and steady damage to soil fertility might occur. The study objective was to provide an assessment of soil salting processes as a result of low-quality irrigation water at the Kibbutz Meirav olive plantation. This study combined various research methods, including soil salinity monitoring, field experiments, remote sensing (FDEM), and unsaturated soil profile saline water movement modeling. The assessment included the salinization processes of chalky soil under drip irrigation by water with various qualities. With a drip irrigation regime of water with a dissolved salt content of 3.13 dS/m, the salinization process is characterized by salts accumulation in the upper root zone of the trees. The modeling results showed that there is a soil salinization danger in using brackish water and that irrigation with potable water helps to reduce soil salinization.

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Effects of irrigation scheduling and different irrigation methods on onion and water productivity in Tigray, northern Ethiopia

10.1101/790105 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Gebremedhin Gebremeskel Haile ◽

T.G. Gebremicael ◽

Mulubrehan Kifle ◽

Teferi Gebremedhin

Keyword(s):

Water Resources ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Water Productivity ◽

Irrigation Scheduling ◽

Fixed Interval ◽

Northern Ethiopia ◽

Irrigation Method ◽

Irrigation Methods ◽

Irrigation Interval ◽

Basin Irrigation

AbstractEfficient irrigation water use can meet its objective if irrigated agriculture is managed properly in regions where water is limited. A two-year (2016-2017) field experiments were conducted in the semiarid areas of Tigray in northern Ethiopia to evaluate irrigation scheduling with different irrigation methods. The experiments were carried out to identify their contribution for enhancing onion and water productivity in water-stressed irrigation schemes of Korir and Hatset sites. Six factorial treatments comprising of three levels of irrigation methods (furrow, basin and flood) and two levels of irrigation scheduling (fixed interval and farmer’s practices) were evaluated with three replications. The agronomic and irrigation parameters were subjected to separate level-wise comparison followed by the factorial interaction effects. The results showed that the fixed irrigation interval, basin irrigation method and their factorial combinations showed better performances and produced a higher yield and water productivity. On average, 263.85 q/ha and 281 q/ha of onion were obtained under the basin irrigation method and basin irrigation with fixed irrigation interval (T2) at both sites and seasons. For the T2, 6.27 and 6.06 kg/m3 of water productivity (WP) and 4.39 and 4.24 kg/m3 of irrigation water productivity (IWP) were obtained at Korir and Hatset sites, respectively showing higher results as compared to other treatment combinations. Moreover, the basin irrigation method produces higher marketable onion bulbs that are essential for onion producers to earn maximum profit from selling and enhance their livelihoods. Treatments comprising basin method and fixed interval showed better onion and water productivity in the water-limited irrigation schemes of Tigray. Hence, focusing on enhanced irrigation scheduling techniques and irrigation methods are important for effective agricultural water management. Farmers, irrigation experts, water resources managers and decision-makers are suggested to use these techniques to save the limited water resources and increase agricultural productivity.

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Quality of jackfruit seedlings under saline water stress and nitrogen fertilisation

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4supl1p2337 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽

pp. 2337

Author(s):

Francisco Ítalo Fernandes de Oliveira ◽

Antônio Gustavo de Luna Souto ◽

Lourival Ferreira Cavalcante ◽

Wiliana Júlia Ferreira de Medeiros ◽

Francisco Thiago Coelho Bezerra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ammonium Sulfate ◽

Soil Salinity ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Quality Index ◽

Production Systems ◽

Saline Water ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

Initial Growth ◽

Nitrogen Fertilisation

The lack of good quality water for agriculture purposes regarding salts and quantity in relation to demand for the plants has, for more than 30 years, been forcing the use of restrictive water because of salinity issues in agricultural production systems worldwide. In Brazil, the situation is no different, in the semi-arid areas, there are reports of losses of seed germination, initial growth of seedlings and yield of crops of commercial importance due to the salinity of the water used in irrigation systems. Therefore, an experiment was carried out from June to September/2014 in a protected environment, with a plastic film on the upper base and a thin screen against insects on the sides, to evaluate the effects of salinity interaction between water irrigation and nitrogen fertilisation sources on soil salinity, initial plant growth and the quality of the jackfruit seedlings. The treatments were distributed in randomised blocks, in the factorial scheme 5 × 3, reference irrigation water of 0.3, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 dS m-1, in soil with and without ammonium sulfate and urea. An increase in the salinity of the irrigation water to 1.32 and 1.70 dS m-1 on the substrate without nitrogen stimulated an increase in the number of leaves and leaf area of the jackfruit seedlings. The ammonium sulfate was the nitrogen source that mainly contributed to the increase of soil salinity and to the reduction of the quality index of the seedlings. Despite the reduction of the Dickson quality index due to the salinity of the irrigation water and the nitrogen sources, the seedlings were suitable for cultivation.

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Saline water and nitrogen doses in the cultivation of West Indian cherry in the post-grafting phase

Comunicata Scientiae ◽

10.14295/cs.v11i0.3312 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. e3312

Author(s):

Francisco Wesley Alves Pinheiro ◽

Geovani Soares de Lima ◽

Hans Raj Gheyi ◽

Adaan Sudário Dias ◽

Lauriane Almeda dos Anjos Soares ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll A ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Saline Water ◽

West Indian ◽

The West ◽

Relative Growth ◽

Saline Waters ◽

Salinity Levels ◽

Chlorophyll A And B

This study aimed to evaluate the photosynthetic pigments and growth of the West Indian cherry cv. BRS 366 Jaburu in the post-grafting phase as a function of the salinity levels of the irrigation water and nitrogen fertilization under greenhouse conditions, in the municipality of Campina Grande-PB. The study was performed in randomized blocks, consisting of two levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water - ECw (0.8 and 4.5 dS m-1) and four nitrogen doses (70, 85, 100, and 115% of the recommended dose for the crop), with three replications. The synthesis of chlorophyll a and carotenoids in the West Indian cherry plants was inhibited with ECw of 4.5 dS m-1. Nitrogen fertilization in the estimated doses of 92 and 80% of N reduced the effects of salt stress on the contents of chlorophyll a and b in West Indian cherry plants, at 630 days after transplanting. The increment in nitrogen fertilization increases quadratically the absolute and relative growth rate of the diameter in the rootstock of the West Indian cherry plants under irrigation with saline waters.

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