Is Lactoferrin Supplementation Beneficial for All Preterm Infants?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amrita Nayak ◽  
Caterina Tiozzo ◽  
Xinhua Lin ◽  
Claudia Mejia ◽  
Ellen Gurzenda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Immune Modulators ◽  
Key Points ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Determine Effect

Objective Human milk (HM) has antibacterial properties due to the presence of immune-modulators, including lactoferrin (LF). This study will determine effect(s) of HM maturation, fortification, and storage conditions on LF levels and its antibacterial properties. Study Design HM samples (n = 30) were obtained from preterm and term mothers. The LF levels were analyzed by ELISA, and the antibacterial activity was measured after inoculation with Escherichia coli. Results The highest level of LF in preterm HM was observed in the first week of lactation. However, storage of preterm HM at 4°C decreased LF levels significantly. Both LF levels and antibacterial activity in preterm HM was lower compared with term HM, but significantly higher than donor HM even after HM-based fortification. LF supplementation of donor HM improved its antibacterial activity. Conclusion Preterm infants fed donor HM, formula, or stored HM at 4°C may benefits from LF supplementation to improve HM antibacterial properties. Key Points

scholarly journals FATTY ACID PROFILE OF NON-CONFORMING POOLED HUMAN MILK AS AFFECTED BY THE PROCESSING AND STORAGE CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
Otávio A. S. Ribeiro ◽  
Kely P. Correa ◽  
Mauricio O. Leite ◽  
Marcio A. Martins ◽  
Jane S. R. Coimbra
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Milk Lipid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage

The fatty acid's contents of non-conform pooled human milk can be affected by different processing and storage operational conditions. Besides, the knowledge of changes in the human milk fatty acid profile can help indicate its use in a given storage period, according to each newborn's specific need. Thus, in the present work, changes in the fatty acid profiles of three types of human milk (raw; pasteurized at 62.5 °C for 30 min; homogenized at 40 oC for 30 s followed by pasteurization) were studied during storage for six months in a freezer at -18 oC. Large variations were observed in the concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly of docosahexaenoic acid, with a reduction of almost 50% of its total. Palmitic and stearic acid contents also changed according to the conditions of processing and storage. Correlations between the decrease of long fatty acid chains and the increase of medium and short chains were verified.  Thus, we observe that operational conditions of processing and storing change human milk lipid profile, with some nutritional losses.

scholarly journals An Investigation on the Electrochemical Behavior and Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activity of Nickel Trithiocyanurate Complexes

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1782
Author(s):  
Amir M. Ashrafi ◽  
Pavel Kopel ◽  
Lukas Richtera
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Electrochemical Behavior ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Redox Behavior ◽  
Electrochemical Redox

The electrochemical redox behavior of three trinuclear Ni(II) complexes [Ni3(abb)3(H2O)3(µ-ttc)](ClO4)3 (1), [Ni3(tebb)3(H2O)3(µ-ttc)](ClO4)3·H2O (2), and [Ni3(pmdien)3(µ-ttc)](ClO4)3 (3), where abb = 1-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-N-(1H-benzimidazol-2-ylmethyl)methan-amine, ttcH3 = trithiocyanuric acid, tebb = 2-[2-[2-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethylsulfanyl]ethyl]-1H-benzimidazole, and pmdien = N,N,N′,N″,N″-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine is reported. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was applied for the study of the electrochemical behavior of these compounds. The results confirmed the presence of ttc and nickel in oxidation state +2 in the synthesized complexes. Moreover, the antibacterial properties and cytotoxic activity of complex 3 was investigated. All the complexes show antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli to different extents. The cytotoxic activity of complex 3 and ttcNa3 were studied on G-361, HOS, K-562, and MCF7 cancer cell lines. It was found out that complex 3 possesses the cytotoxic activity against the tested cell lines, whereas ttcNa3 did not show any cytotoxic activity.

Polysaccharide-Based Film of Cassia fistula and it's Antibacterial Activity

2014 ◽  
Vol 875-877 ◽  
pp. 87-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chutimon Satirapipathkul ◽  
Tanakan Chatdum
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Cassia Fistula

The film-forming potential of isolate of seed polysaccharide fromCassia fistulawas investigated. Increasing the glycerol concentration in the film increased elongation at break, film solubility and water vapor permeability but decreased tensile strength (TS). The film impregnated with the acetone extract ofAtractylodes lanceawas assessed for inhibition ofEscherichia coliandStaphylococcus aureus. The obtained results showed that the films exhibited antibacterial activity against both bacterial strains. Disc-diffusion assay revealed that the film resulted in a larger inhibition zone around the film onStaphylococcus aureusthan it did onEscherichia coliat the same extract concentrations (0.1 to 0.9 wt %). It can be seen that the film has satisfactory physical and antibacterial properties.

Synthesis of Nano-Hydroxyapatite from Snakehead (Channa striata) Fish Bone and its Antibacterial Properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 840 ◽  
pp. 293-299
Author(s):  
Poedji Loekitowati Hariani ◽  
Muryati Muryati ◽  
Muhammad Said ◽  
Salni Salni
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Fish Bone ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Fish Bones ◽  
Channa Striata

Nano-hydroxyapatite was synthesized by coprecipitation method and tested its antibacterial properties. Nano-hydroxyapatite was synthesized using CaO precursors from snakehead (Channa striata) fish bones and (NH4)2HPO4. The synthesis was carried out with temperature variations of 30, 60, 80, and 100 °C. Antibacterial activity was determined using two types of bacteria, namely gram-positive and gram-negative. The XRD spectra show that the highest peak is hydroxyapatite synthesized at a temperature of 100 °C. Hydroxyapatite produced from various synthesis temperatures has the size of nanoparticles in the range 37.32-49.27 nm. The nano-hydroxyapatite functional groups are characterized using FTIR, the analysis indicate the presence of OH, CO32‒ and PO43‒. The molar ratio Ca/P is obtained of 1.71 approaching theoretical hydroxyapatite of 1.67. The resulted nano-hydroxyapatite has significant antibacterial properties to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF AGASTACHE AURANTIACA ESSENTIAL OILS

2017 ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Наталья (Natal'ja) Александровна (Aleksandrovna) Коваленко (Kovalenko) ◽  
Галина (Galina) Николаевна (Nikolaevna) Супиченко (Supichenko) ◽  
Татьяна (Tat'jana) Игоревна (Igorevna) Ахрамович (Ahramovich) ◽  
Анна (Anna) Геннадьевна (Gennad'evna) Шутова (Shutova) ◽  
Виктор (Viktor) Николаевич (Nikolaevich) Леонтьев (Leontiev)
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Oil Components ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Main Components

The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation method from plants of three varieties Agastache aurantiaca, cultivated on the Republic of Belarus were investigated. Some morphobiometric parameters of plants 'Tango', 'Apricot Sprite' and 'Fragrant Delight' and oil yields were determined. Using the technique of gas-liquid chromatography essential oil components were identified and determined. The main components of the essential oil from 'Tango' and 'Fragrant Delight' plants were menton (~ 53 and ~ 65 v/v % respectively) and pulegon (~ 36 and ~ 25 v/v % respectively). The samples of 'Apricot' Sprite' essential oil were rich in isomentone (~ 46 v/v %) and pulegon (~ 41 v/v %). All tested essential oils contained (+)-menton and (+)-pulegon enantiomeric forms only. The antibacterial activity of dimethylsulfoxide and ethanolic essential oil solutions against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella alony, Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium sp., Escherichia coli Hfr H, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was proved. Ethanol solutions of essential oils at the concentrations 0.001–0.1 v/v % had significant bactericidal activity. A correlation between the composition of the essential oil and their antibacterial properties was established.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Liverworts of Dumortiera hirsute (Sw.) Nees Ethyl Acetate Extract Against Pathogenic Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Luthfiah Luthfiah ◽  
Dwi Setyati ◽  
Sattya Arimurti
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Method

Dumortiera hirsuta is one of the liverworts that can be used as a medicinal to prevent infection by pathogenic bacteria. The content of secondary metabolites of D. hirsuta has potential as antibacterial properties includes flavonoids, alkaloids and steroids. This research is to analyze the antibacterial activity of moss D. hirsuta against pathogenic bacteria that will be beneficial to humans. Liverworts of D. hirsuta were extracted using ethyl acetate solvent and tested against three types of pathogenic bacteria using the agar well-diffusion method. The results of this study indicated that the ethyl acetate extract of D. hirsuta at 100% concentration could inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhi bacteria. The range of antibacterial activity categories of the ethyl acetate extract of D. hirsuta to E. coli, S. aureus, and S. typhi between weak to moderate.

scholarly journals Antibacterial properties of the sperm-binding proteins and peptides of human epididymis 2 (HE2) family; salt sensitivity, structural dependence and their interaction with outer and cytoplasmic membranes of Escherichia coli

2003 ◽  
Vol 372 (2) ◽  
pp. 473-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suresh YENUGU ◽  
Katherine G. HAMIL ◽  
Charles E. BIRSE ◽  
Steven M. RUBEN ◽  
Frank S. FRENCH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Human Epididymis ◽  
Sperm Binding ◽  
Proteins And Peptides

During passage through the epididymis, sperm interact with secreted epididymal proteins that promote maturation, including the acquisition of motility and fertilization competence. Viewed previously as distinct from sperm maturation, host defence capabilities are now recognized functions of the human epididymis 2 (HE2) family of sperm-binding proteins. We analysed the potent dose and time-dependent bactericidal activity of recombinant HE2α, HE2β1 and HE2β2 and found that the full-length proteins (10 μg/ml or ~1 μM) caused more than a 50% decrease in Escherichia coli colony forming units within 15 min. By contrast, human β-defensin-1, at a similar concentration, required more than 90 min to exhibit similar antibacterial activity. The epididymis-specific lipocalin, LCN6, failed to kill bacteria. Higher concentrations (25–100 μg/ml) of HE2 proteins and a longer duration of treatment resulted in near total inhibition of bacterial growth. The C-terminal peptides of HE2α, HEβ1 and HEβ2 proteins exhibited antibacterial activity similar to their full-length counterparts, indicating that the antibacterial activity of HE2 proteins resides in these C-terminal regions. Antibacterial activities of HE2 proteins and peptides were slightly inhibited by NaCl concentrations of up to 150 mM, while human β-defensin-1 activity was nearly eliminated. Reduction and alkylation of disulphide bonds in HE2 proteins and their C-terminal peptides abolished their antibacterial activity. Consistent with the ability to kill bacteria, full-length HE2 proteins and C-terminal peptides caused rapid dose-dependent permeabilization of outer and cytoplasmic E. coli membranes. A much longer exposure time was required for human β-defensin-1-mediated permeabilization of membranes, suggesting a possible difference in mode of action compared with the HE2 antibacterial peptides.

scholarly journals Human Milk Endocannabinoid Levels as a Function of Obesity and Diurnal Rhythm

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2297
Author(s):  
Palika Datta ◽  
Michael W. Melkus ◽  
Kathleen Rewers-Felkins ◽  
Dhavalkumar Patel ◽  
Tiffany Bateman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Diurnal Rhythm ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Endocannabinoid System ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Diurnal Rhythms ◽  
Night Time ◽  
And Storage

The endocannabinoid system is involved in the regulation of a variety of physiological and cognitive processes. While the endocannabinoids 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and anandamide (N-arachidonoylethanolamine, AEA) have been found in breast milk, their role(s) have yet to be determined. This study determined the normal concentration ranges of endocannabinoids (2-AG and AEA) in breast milk and the influences, if any, of obesity and diurnal rhythms on their levels. Milk samples were collected from 36 breastfeeding mothers at 4–8 weeks postpartum at each feed over a 24-h period, and further stratified into three groups based on body mass index (BMI). The samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. AEA was below the limit of detection and 2-AG levels averaged 59.3 ± 18.3 ng/mL (± SD) in women with normal BMI. Wide-ranging 2-AG concentrations in the overweight (65.5 ± 41.9 ng/mL) /obese (66.1 ± 40.6 ng/mL) groups suggest BMI may be a contributing factor influencing its levels. Following a diurnal pattern, there was a significantly higher 2-AG concentration observed during the day, as compared to night time samples. In conclusion, our study clearly suggests that appropriate milk collection and storage conditions are critical. Further, body weight and diurnal rhythm appear to influence levels of 2-AG. Based on these results, future studies are underway to determine what specific roles endocannabinoids may play in human milk and how elevated levels of 2-AG may modulate infant appetite and health.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Copper and Cobalt Amino Acids Complexes

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 124 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREEA STĂNILĂ ◽  
Cornelia BRAICU ◽  
Sorin STĂNILĂ ◽  
Raluca M. POP
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Copper Complexes ◽  
Micrococcus Luteus ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Free Ligand ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Moderate Activity

The antibacterial properties of differently copper and cobalt amino acids complexes on agar plates was investigated in the present study. The antibacterial activity of amino acid complexes was evaluated against on three bacteria strains (Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Micrococcus luteus). Generally, the amino acids complexes were mainly active against gram-positive organisms, species like Micrococcus luteus being the most susceptible strain tested. It was registered a moderate antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus. The microorganisms Escherichia coli, which are already known to be multi-resistant to drugs, were also resistant to the amino acids complexes but also to the free salts tested. Escherichia coli were susceptible only to the CoCl2 and copper complex with phenylalanine. The complexes with leucine and histidine seem to be more active than the parent free ligand against one or more bacterial species. Moderate activity was registered in the case of complexes with methionine and phenylalanine. From the complexes tested less efficient antibacterial activity was noted in the case of complexes with lysine and valine. These results show that cobalt and copper complexes have an antibacterial activity and suggest their potential application as antibacterial agents.

scholarly journals Impact of Inoculum Preparation and Storage Conditions on the Response of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Populations to Undercooking and Simulated Exposure to Gastric Fluid

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 672-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarret D. Stopforth ◽  
Panagiotis N. Skandamis ◽  
Laura V. Ashton ◽  
Ifigenia Geornaras ◽  
Patricia A. Kendall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Acid Tolerance ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Gastric Fluid ◽  
Simulated Gastric Fluid ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Inoculum Preparation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Storage

ABSTRACT This study evaluated the impact of inoculum preparation and storage conditions on the response of Escherichia coli O157:H7 exposed to consumer-induced stresses simulating undercooking and digestion. Lean beef tissue samples were inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 cultures prepared in tryptic soy broth or meat decontamination runoff fluids (WASH) or detached from moist biofilms or dried biofilms formed on stainless steel coupons immersed in inoculated WASH. After inoculation, the samples were left untreated or dipped for 30 s each in hot (75°C) water followed by lactic acid (2%, 55°C), vacuum packaged, stored at 4 (28 days) or 12°C (16 days), and periodically transferred to aerobic storage (7°C for 5 days). During storage, samples were exposed to sequential heat (55°C; 20 min) and simulated gastric fluid (adjusted to pH 1.0 with HCl; 90 min) stresses simulating consumption of undercooked beef. Under the conditions of this study, cells originating from inocula of planktonic cells were, in general, more resistant to heat and acid than cells from cultures grown as biofilms and detached prior to meat inoculation. Heat and acid tolerance of cells on meat stored at 4°C was lower than that of cells on nondecontaminated meat stored at 12°C, where growth occurred during storage. Decontamination of fresh beef resulted in injury that inhibited subsequent growth of surviving cells at 12°C, as well as in decreases in resistance to subsequent heat and acid stresses. The shift of pathogen cells on beef stored under vacuum at 4°C to aerobic storage did not affect cell populations or subsequent survival after sequential exposure to heat and simulated gastric fluid. However, the transfer of meat stored under vacuum at 12°C to aerobic storage resulted in reduction in pathogen counts during aerobic storage and sensitization of survivors to the effects of sequential heat and acid exposure.

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