scholarly journals Protein intake and transitions between frailty states and to death in very old adults: the Newcastle 85+ study

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuno Mendonça ◽  
Andrew Kingston ◽  
Antoneta Granic ◽  
Carol Jagger
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Physical Endurance ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Very Old ◽  
Old Adults ◽  
State Models ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Objectives To examine the association of protein intake with frailty progression in very old adults. Design The Newcastle 85+ study, a prospective longitudinal study of people aged 85 years old in Northeast England and followed over 5 years. Setting and Participants 668 community-dwelling older adults (59% women) at baseline, with complete dietary assessment and Fried frailty status (FFS). Measures Dietary intake was estimated with 2 × 24-h multiple pass recalls at baseline. FFS was based on five criteria: shrinking, physical endurance/energy, low physical activity, weakness and slow walking speed and was available at baseline and 1.5, 3 and 5 years. The contribution of protein intake (g/kg adjusted body weight/day [g/kg aBW/d]) to transitions to and from FFS (robust, pre-frail and frail) and to death over 5 years was examined by multi-state models. Results Increase in one unit of protein intake (g/kg aBW/d) decreased the likelihood of transitioning from pre-frail to frail after adjusting for age, sex, education and multimorbidity (hazard ratios [HR]: 0.44, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.25–0.77) but not for the other transitions. Reductions in incident frailty were equally present in individuals with protein intake ≥0.8 (HR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.43–0.84) and ≥1 g/kg aBW/d (HR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.44–0.90) from 85 to 90 years. This relationship was attenuated after adjustment for energy intake, but the direction of the association remained the same (e.g. g/kg aBW/d model: HR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.36–1.41). Conclusion High protein intake, partly mediated by energy intake, may delay incident frailty in very old adults. Frailty prevention strategies in this age group should consider adequate provision of protein and energy.

Associations between socio-economic status measures and functional change among older people in Taiwan

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
HERNG-CHIA CHIU ◽  
YING-HUI HSIEH ◽  
LIH-WEN MAU ◽  
MEI-LIN LEE
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Functional Change ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Economic Resource ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

The major purpose of this study was to examine the effects of socio-economic status (SES) on changes in functional abilities, as measured by Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scales, among older people in Taiwan. A prospective longitudinal study design was used. A panel of 874 community-dwelling older people were followed over four years (1994 to 1998). Three SES indicators, education, having ‘extra’ money (more than required for basic necessities), and principal lifetime occupation were included in separate multiple logistic regression models of functional change in physical ADL (PADL) and in instrumental ADL (IADL). Over the four years, the study cohort experienced greater decreases in IADL functioning than in PADL functioning. Having ‘extra’ money was significantly and negatively associated with PADL decline, while level of education had a strong positive relationship with IADL functioning. In addition to SES, age was significantly associated with PADL and IADL functioning change. The paper also reports a comparison of similar findings from several eastern and western countries. This has established that among the available SES indicators, the level of education has most consistently been shown in both eastern and western population studies to be related to health and health change, and that self-perceived economic resource is also related to older people's health in Asian populations.

scholarly journals Prevalence and determinants of low protein intake in very old adults: insights from the Newcastle 85+ Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 2713-2722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuno Mendonça ◽  
Antoneta Granic ◽  
John C. Mathers ◽  
Tom R. Hill ◽  
Mario Siervo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Intake ◽  
Very Old ◽  
Old Adults ◽  
Low Protein

Accelerated sarcopenia and outcomes in older adults with cancer: The Health ABC Study.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 11526-11526
Author(s):  
Grant Richard Williams ◽  
Yanjun Chen ◽  
Kelly Kenzik ◽  
Andrew Michael McDonald ◽  
Shlomit S. Shachar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
Time Varying Covariates

11526 Background: Progressive loss of muscle mass and strength (sarcopenia) is a well-known phenomenon of aging; however, little is known about the contribution of a cancer diagnosis to sarcopenia and its subsequent impact on disability. Using a prospective cohort of older adults from pre- to post-cancer diagnosis and a similarly-followed non-cancer cohort, we examined the trajectory of sarcopenia measures and their association with overall survival (OS) and major disability among those with cancer. Methods: The Health, Aging, and Body Composition (Health ABC) Study is a prospective longitudinal study where 3,075 community-dwelling older adults (70-79y) underwent 6 annual assessments of body composition and were followed for development of sentinel events (cancer, disability, death). Appendicular lean mass (ALM [kg]) was a sum of DXA-based lean tissue of all extremities. Hand grip strength (HGS [kg]) was averaged from 2 trials per hand. Gait speed (GS) was evaluated over a 20m course. We used linear mixed effect models to compare the change in ALM, HGS, and GS between individuals who subsequently developed cancer and those who did not, adjusting for age, race, gender, enrollment site. Among patients with cancer, we used multivariable cox regression for time from cancer diagnosis to mortality and major disability (cane/walker, inability to walk 0.25 mile/climb 10 steps, assistance with activities of daily living) treating sarcopenia measures as time-varying covariates. Results: Mean age at enrollment was 75y; 52% female; 42% black; 515 new cancers (prostate: 23%, colorectal: 15%, lung: 13%, breast: 11%). Compared with non-cancer controls, we found significantly steeper declines in HGS ( p= 0.03) and GS ( p< 0.001), and a trend in ALM ( p= 0.07) prior to cancer diagnosis; and a significantly steeper decline in ALM ( p< 0.001), but no difference in HGS ( p= 0.6) or GS ( p= 0.4) after cancer diagnosis. Slow GS was associated with a 44% increase in mortality ( p= 0.02) and a 70% increase in disability ( p= 0.02), but not ALM or HGS. Conclusions: Accelerated loss in sarcopenia measures both prior to and after a cancer diagnosis, and association with disability and mortality in older adults with cancer, present opportunities for targeted interventions.

scholarly journals The Neurocognitive Study for the Aging: Longitudinal Analysis on the Contribution of Sex, Age, Education and APOE ɛ4 on Cognitive Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Chadjikyprianou ◽  
Marilena Hadjivassiliou ◽  
Savvas Papacostas ◽  
Fofi Constantinidou
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Mini Mental Status Examination ◽  
Subject Factor ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Objective: The effects of normal cognitive aging on executive functions (EF), Verbal Episodic Memory (VEM) and the contribution of age, sex, education, and APOΕ ε4 in a group of old Greek Cypriots across a five-year period were investigated.Design: NEUROAGE, the first project on cognitive aging in Cyprus, is a prospective longitudinal study with a rolling admission process. Participants are assessed at baseline and retested every 24–30 months.Subjects: 170 participants completed all three testing cycles; 86 men and 84 women with ages ranging between 60 and 88 years (mean = 73.21, SD = 5.84); education, 2–20 years (mean = 9.07, SD = 4.27).Results: Α Repeated Measures Multivariate Analysis of Covariance was conducted with one between-subject factor: sex; two covariates: age and education, while Time (time 1, time 2, time 3) served as a within – subject factor. Time did not have an effect on mini mental status examination in Greek (MMSE), EF or VEM. Also, sex had no effect on MMSE, EF and VEM. There was no time by sex interaction. Age and Education significantly predicted the EF performance, F(1, 168) = 11.23, p &lt; 0.05; F(1, 158) = 90.03, p &lt; 0.001 and VEM performance, F(1, 171) = 17.22, p &lt; 0.001; F(1, 171) = 61.25, p &lt; 0.001. Furthermore, there was a significant interaction effect between time and education, for EF, F(2, 167) = 7.02, p &lt; 0.001. Performance of the APOE ε4 carriers did not differ on any of the above measures as compared to performance of non-carriers in this older adult group.Conclusion: Cognitively healthy adults maintained overall cognitive performance across the five-year period. Male and female participants performed similarly and the pattern of change over time was similar across the two sexes. Education was predictive of VEM and EF performance across time. Furthermore, those with higher education maintained higher levels of EF performance. APOE results did not differentiate performance at baseline. Implications of findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Tea consumption and measures of attention and psychomotor speed in the very old: the Newcastle 85+ longitudinal study

BMC Nutrition ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Jonathan Okello ◽  
Nuno Mendonça ◽  
Blossom Stephan ◽  
Graciela Muniz-Terrera ◽  
Keith Wesnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Sustained Attention ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Tea Consumption ◽  
Psychomotor Speed ◽  
Very Old ◽  
Old Adults ◽  
Global Cognitive Function ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background A number of studies have indicated a beneficial effect of tea consumption on the reduction of risk of cognitive impairment and dementia in older aged populations. However, there is a paucity of data on these associations in the very old, defined as individuals aged 85 years and over. We investigated the relationship between tea consumption in the very old and measures of global cognitive function, memory, attention and psychomotor speed. Method Longitudinal (5-years), population-based cohort study of individuals aged 85+ years in the North East of England, United Kingdom. Participants were community-dwelling and institutionalized men and women recruited through general medical practices (n = 676). Baseline tea consumption and longitudinal measures of global and domain specific (memory, speed and attention) cognitive function were assessed. Linear mixed models, controlling for demographic (e.g. age, sex and education) and health variables were used to determine whether tea consumption was protective against cognitive decline. Results Tea consumption was not associated with cognitive function at baseline on any measure (unadjusted and adjusted analyses). In the linear mixed effects models adjusted for age, sex, education and disease co-morbidity, higher tea consumption was associated with significantly better attention (focused and sustained attention), and psychomotor speed (complex tasks only) over five-years follow-up. However, there was no association between tea consumption and global cognitive function, memory or performance on simple speed tasks over time. Conclusions In this cohort study of non-demented very old adults we found that higher (vs. lower) tea consumption was associated with better performance over time on measures of focused and sustained attention and some psychomotor speed tasks. No associations with global cognition, memory or easy speed tasks (simple Reaction Time or Word Recognition) were detected. The results have implications for the development of possible diet-based interventions focused on improving cognitive function in the very old age group. These findings need to be confirmed in a sufficiently powered and well-designed RCT with non-demented very old adults.

scholarly journals The Impact of Veteran Status on Life-Space Mobility among Older Black and White Men in the Deep South

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina M. McCaskill, PhD, MSW, MPA ◽  
Patricia Sawyer, PhD ◽  
Kathryn L. Burgio, PhD ◽  
Richard Kennedy, MD ◽  
Courtney P. Williams, MPH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Male ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Deep South ◽  
Life Space ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Black Veterans ◽  
Veteran Status ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
The Impact

<p><strong>Objective</strong>: To examine life-space mobility over 8.5 years among older Black and White male veterans and non-veterans in<br />the Deep South.</p><p><strong>Design</strong>: A prospective longitudinal study of community-dwelling Black and White male adults aged &gt;65 years (N=501; mean age=74.9; 50% Black and 50% White) enrolled in the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Study of Aging. Data from baseline in-home assessments with followup telephone assessments of life-space mobility completed every 6 months were used in linear mixed-effects modeling analyses to examine life-space mobility trajectories.<br /><strong></strong></p><p><strong>Main outcome measure:</strong> Life-space mobility.<br /><strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results:</strong> In comparison to veterans, nonveterans were more likely to be Black, single, and live in rural areas. They also reported lower income and education. Veterans had higher baseline life-space (73.7 vs 64.9 for non-veterans; <em>P</em>&lt;.001). Race-veteran<br />subgroup analyses revealed significant differences in demographics, comorbidity, cognition, and physical function. Relative to Black veterans, there were significantly greater declines in life-space trajectories for White non-veterans (P=.009), but not for White veterans (P=.807) nor Black non-veterans (P=.633). Mortality at 8.5 years was 43.5% for veterans and 49.5% for non-veterans (P=.190) with no significant differences by race-veteran status.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Veterans had significantly higher baseline life-space mobility. There were significantly greater declines in lifespace<br />trajectories for White non-veterans in comparison to other race-veteran subgroups. Black veterans and non-veterans did not have significantly different trajectories.<em>Ethn Dis. </em>2015;25(3):255-262.</p>

scholarly journals Association between Low Protein Intake and Mortality in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Yamaoka ◽  
Atsushi Araki ◽  
Yoshiaki Tamura ◽  
Shiro Tanaka ◽  
Kazuya Fujihara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between protein intake and mortality risk in patients with type 2 diabetes. We analyzed a pooled data of 2494 diabetic patients from two prospective longitudinal studies. Nutritional intake was assessed using a Food Frequency Questionnaire at baseline. Protein intake per body weight (kg) per day was categorized into quartile groups. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using Cox regression analysis. During the six-year follow-up, there were 152 incidents of all-cause mortality. The HR for mortality in the lowest quartile of protein intake per body weight compared with the highest quartile was 2.26 (95% CI: 1.34–3.82, p = 0.002) after adjustment for covariates. Subgroup analyses revealed significant associations between low protein intake and mortality in patients aged over 75 years or under 65 years. After further adjustment of the total energy intake, a significant association between protein intake and mortality remained in patients aged ≥ 75 years, whereas the association was attenuated in those aged < 65 years. Our results suggest that adequate protein intake is necessary in older diabetic patients over 75 years, whereas with diabetes, whereas whole optimal total energy intake is required in younger patients with type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Personalized Protein Supplementation Improves Total Protein, Leucine, and Energy Intake in (Pre)Sarcopenic Community-Dwelling Older Adults in the ENHANce RCT

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenore Dedeyne ◽  
Jolan Dupont ◽  
Sabine Verschueren ◽  
Katrien Koppo ◽  
Jos Tournoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Recommendations concerning protein quantity, source, and leucine intake for older adults are difficult to reach by regular dietary intake. This randomized clinical trial assesses in sarcopenic community-dwelling older adults (i) the regular (non-supplemented) daily protein and leucine intake; and (ii) the effect of personalized protein supplementation (aiming for an evenly distributed total protein intake of 1.5 g·kg−1·d−1 of body mass, accounting for energy intake) on regular and total (dietary and supplemental) intake. A preliminary feasibility study in participants of the ongoing Exercise and Nutrition for Healthy AgeiNg (ENHANce) study was performed with the objective to assess the intake and distribution of regular dietary protein and leucine, protein source and energy intake in (pre)sarcopenic community-dwelling older adults. Moreover, this study aimed to assess if personalized protein supplementation was feasible without negatively affecting regular dietary intake. ENHANce (NCT03649698) is a 5-armed RCT that assesses the effect of anabolic interventions on physical performance in (pre)sarcopenic older adults. In August 2019, n = 51 participants were included in ENHANce with complete available data on dietary intake at screening and thus eligible for inclusion in present analysis. Of these, n = 35 participants completed the intervention period of ENHANce at the moment of analysis, allowing an exploration of the effect of supplementation on regular dietary intake. The regular dietary protein intake of 51 (pre)sarcopenic adults (73.6 ± 6.5 years) was 1.06 ± 0.3 g·kg−1·d−1 of body mass. Protein supplementation (n = 20) improved total protein intake to 1.55 ± 0.3 g·kg−1·d−1 of body mass (P &lt; 0.001) without affecting regular dietary protein (P = 0.176) or energy intake (P = 0.167). Placebo supplementation (n = 15) did not affect regular dietary protein intake (P = 0.910) but decreased regular dietary energy intake (P = 0.047). Regular leucine intake was unevenly distributed over the day, but increased by supplementation at breakfast (P &lt; 0.001) and dinner (P = 0.010) to at least 2.46 g leucine·meal−1, without reducing regular dietary leucine intake (P = 0.103). Animal-based protein intake—the main protein source—was not affected by supplementation (P = 0.358). Personalized protein supplementation ensured an adequate quantity and even distribution of protein and leucine over the day, without affecting regular dietary protein or energy intake.

scholarly journals The association of diet and other lifestyle factors with the onset of overactive bladder: a longitudinal study in men

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 885-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen M Dallosso ◽  
Ruth J Matthews ◽  
Catherine W McGrother ◽  
Madeleine MK Donaldson ◽  
Chris Shaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Overactive Bladder ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Urinary Symptoms ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
Diet And Lifestyle

AbstractObjective:To investigate associations between diet and non-dietary lifestyle factors and the onset of overactive bladder (OAB) in men.Subjects:Random sample of community-dwelling men aged 40 years plus.Design and methods: Baseline data on urinary symptoms and diet were collected from 5454 men using a postal questionnaire and a food-frequency questionnaire. Follow-up data on urinary symptoms were collected from 4887 men in a postal survey one year later. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate diet and lifestyle factors associated with onset of OAB in the men without OAB at baseline.Results:There was a highly significant negative association between beer intake at baseline and subsequent OAB onset (P = 0.001), with reduced risk at all levels of intake compared with those who seldom/never drank beer. Adjustment for total alcohol intake (g ethanol day−1) reduced the significance of the association (P = 0.02). None of the food groups studied was associated with OAB onset, with the possible exception of potatoes (P = 0.05), which showed an increased risk of onset at the highest level of consumption. Physical activity, smoking and obesity were not significantly associated.Conclusions:While most diet and lifestyle factors were not associated with OAB onset, the evidence from this prospective longitudinal study suggests that beer may have a protective role in the development of OAB. This could be due to a non-alcoholic ingredient as well as the alcohol content.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document