scholarly journals Production standards, competition and vertical relationship

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianyu Yu ◽  
Zohra Bouamra-Mechemache
Keyword(s):  
Standards Competition ◽  
Vertical Relationship

TAFSIR AYAT-AYAT ZAKAT SEBAGAI PENGUAT KONSEP FILANTROPI EKONOMI KEUMMATAN (Tafsir Verses Of Zakat As The Booster Of Public Economic Philanthropy Concept)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-137
Author(s):  
Mustaqim Makki
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Minimum Level ◽  
Relationship With God ◽  
Public Economic ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Vertical Relationship ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Very High ◽  
Functional Content

Zakat merupakan salah satu sendi pokok ajaran Islam. Urgensi zakat yang merupakan anjuran agama Islam untuk menunaikan zakat dan memberikannya kepada yang berhak dengan ketentuan mencapai nishabnya, (kadar minimum harta tertentu) mempunyai nilai sangat signifikan dalam kehidupan manusia. Seorang insan yang sarat akan segala permasalahan pada fitrahnya menuntut untuk selalu berinteraksi kepada sesama, baik berupa materi maupun non materi. Zakat merupakan maliyah ijtima’iyyah yang mengandung nilai-nilai filantropi yang sangat tinggi, karena ketika mengaplikasikan kewajiban zakat kita telah membantu sesama serta mengurangi kesenjangan yang disebabkan beberapa sifat manusia diantaranya adalah sifat kikir, dengki dan iri hati. Menguatnya kembali harapan banyak kalangan terhadap implementasi filantropi Islam, baik dalam bentuk zakat, infak, sedekah, dan wakaf, memiliki keterkaitan erat dengan kondisi bangsa yang belum sepenuhnya bangkit dari keterpurukan sebagai dampak dari krisis ekonomi yang berkepanjangan. Kondisi ini berakibat kesenjangan penguasaan perekonomian antar warga negara menjadi kian lebar. Pada saat itulah, ziswaf (zakat, infak, sedekah, dan wakaf) kembali dilirik dan diharapkan menjadi alternatif solusi terhadap problem kemiskinan umat. Manusia sebagai khalifah fil ardh dalam Al Qurán menekankan muatan fungsional yang harus diemban oleh manusia dalam melaksanakan tugas-tugas kesejarahan dalam kehidupannya di muka bumi. Kaitan dengan konsep tersebut, ada dua fungsi manusia. Pertama: Manusia sebagai hamba (ábid), dituntut untuk sukses menjalin hubungan secara vertikal dalam hal ini hubungannya dengan ketuhanan (Teologis). Kedua adalah manusia sebagai khalifah, dituntut untuk sukses menjalin hubungan secara horizontal dalam hal ini hubungan terhadap manusia.Kata kunci: tafsir ayat zakat, filantropi, ekonomi keummatanAbstract:Zakat is one of the main points of Islamic teachings. The urgency of zakat which is suggested by Islam to fulfill and give it to those who are referred to with the provisions to reach their nishab, (minimum level of certain assets) has a very significant value in human life. A person who is full of all problems in his/her natural demands will always get interaction with other people, either material or non-material. Zakat is maliyah ijtima’iyyah which contains very high philanthropic values, because when applying the obligation of zakat we have helped others and reduced the gaps caused by some human traits including miser, jealousy and envy. The reinforcement of the expectations (estimation) from any levels on the implementation of Islamic philanthropy, which in the form of zakat, donation, alms and endowments, has a close relationship with the condition of the country that has not fully risen from bad economic adversity due to economic crisis. This condition causes a widening of the economic mastery among the citizens. At that moment, ziswaf (zakat, infaq, alms, and waqf) was again given a serious attentition and expected to be an alternative solution to the problem of poverty among citizens. Humans as khalifah fil ardh in the Qur'an emphasize the functional content that must be carried by humans in carrying out historical tasks in their lives on earth. In accordance with this concept, there are two human functions. First: Humans as servants (ábid), are required to succeed in establishing a vertical relationship in this case the relationship with God (Theological). Second, humans as caliphs, are required to succeed in establishing horizontal relationships in this case the relationship to humans.

Two Concepts of Equality

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Rondel
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The People ◽  
Vertical Relationship ◽  
The One

This chapter distinguishes between “vertical” and “horizontal” egalitarianism. The vertical and horizontal metaphors differentiate primarily between two types of relationship in which equality is said to play an important role—the “vertical” relationship between state and citizen, on the one hand, and the “horizontal” relationship between or among the people of a society, on the other. But the distinction may be used in a wider way to track several issues around which egalitarian theories tend to diverge: about what a commitment to equality ultimately means; about to whom or what egalitarian principles are meant to apply; about how equality is achieved and what its achievement looks like, and about how theorizing on equality is properly or most promisingly undertaken.

The Universal Rule of Law in the Thought of the Late Medieval Jurists of Roman and Canon Law

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Canning
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Canon Law ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Legal Structure ◽  
Vertical Relationship ◽  
New Research ◽  
Universal Rule ◽  
Universal Application

Late medieval Roman and canon law jurisprudence provided the origins of European notions of a universal rule of law in two senses: a legal order of universal extent and a structure of higher norms of universal application. Whereas modern international law is primarily concerned with the horizontal relationship between states, medieval jurists mainly considered the vertical relationship between universal and territorial powers. They developed de iure–de facto arguments to justify a plurality of sovereign states within an overall universal legal structure. Contributions to the elaboration of theories of just war were also made. We must be cautious about claiming that late medieval jurists contributed to the development of early international law as normally understood. Nevertheless, early-modern theorists of international law referred back to the work of their medieval juristic predecessors. A new research question is emerging about the usefulness of using the term ‘international’ in interpreting medieval jurists.

Bimbingan Nilai-Nilai Spiritual Di Madrasah Aliyah Mafaza Bantul Yogyakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Heri Fadli Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
Vertical Relationship ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Descriptive Approach

The cultivation of spiritual values to learners is a very vital step in shaping the characteristics and character of the human person, because the internalization of spiritual values is closely related to the cultivation of religious values, and is part of the formation of adolescent character as the next generation of religion and nation. This research is to find out the process of planting and internalizing spiritual value education conducted at The Senior high school of Mafaza Institute located in the Maguntapan Bantul area of Yogyakarta, while the type in this study is qualitative with a descriptive approach, while the subject in this study is teachers or teachers at this institution as well as some M.A. Mafaza students. While the data collected passes through the process of interviews, observations and documentation which then the author of the data analysis to draw conclusions. The results of this study show the following: 1). The process of planting and internalizing values and spiritual in this institution is carried out with an understanding of the material in the classes. 2). Then as a follow-up in the form of application in programs and activities such as requiring mandatory congregational prayers, sunnah worship and others, there are also activities such as the loving mosque and the the Adiwiata program. So from there it is seen that all aspects in value and spiritual, namely the aspect of Aqidah and Worship become the center of attention in planting to their students. So that it covers everything, either in the pattern of vertical relationship (Servant-Godnya) or horizontal (Servants and Environment).

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENERAPAN POLA KOMUNIKASI ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA PUSAT PENGEMBANGAN DAN PEMBERDAYAAN PENDIDIK DAN TENAGA KEPENDIDIKAN (P4TK) BISNIS & PARIWISATA JAKARTA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Nani Nuraini Sarah ◽  
Waluyo Waluyo
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Communication ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Communication Patterns ◽  
Regression Testing ◽  
Company Performance ◽  
Quantitative Research Methods ◽  
Organizational Goals ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
Vertical Relationship

ABSTRAK-Tujuan dari mempelajari Ilmu komunikasi adalah untuk mengembangkan dan meningkatkan kemampuan berkomunikasi dengan sesama manusia,  sehingga dapat saling berkomunikasi dengan lebih efektif dalam mencapai tujuan, baik tujuan individu, tujuan organisasi maupun  tujuan masyarakat. Di dalam Komunikasi Organisasi ada Budaya Komunikasi dengan garis hubungan yang berbeda. Garis hubungan vertikal kebawah, yaitu antara atasan dan bawahan, garis hubungan horizontal yaitu komunikasi antar pegawai dan garis hubungan yang terakhir adalah vertikal keatas dari pegawai ke atasannya. Tiap  garis hubungan tersebut ada polanya masing-masing. Jika pola komunikasi berjalan tidak mengikuti aturannya, maka pelaksanaan komunikasi akan berjalan kurang baik. Pelaksanaan komunikasi yang efektif sangat penting untuk dapat mendorong semangat serta meningkatkan kinerja pegawai. Pelanggaran komunikasi seringkali disebabkan karena pelaku tidak mengetahui bahwa komunikasi mereka telah melanggar  jalur ketertiban.“Maksud dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh gambaran yang mendalam dan memberikan bukti empiris mengenai pengaruh pola komunikasi organisasi terhadap kinerja pegawai.”Penelitian yang dilakukan menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif atau sering juga disebut sebagai metode tradisional. Yaitu dimana data yang dihasilkan akan berupa angka-angka dan analisisnya menggunakan statistik. Hasil pengujian regresi menunjukkan bahwa variabel pola komunikasi organisasi mempengaruhi kinerja“pegawai di Pusat Pengembangan dan Pembedayaan Pendidik dan Tenaga Kependidikan (P4TK) Bisnis dan Pariwisata Jakarta. Kata kunci:”Komunikasi, Pola komunikasi, kinerja pegawai” ABSTRACT- The main purpose of studying communication is to develop and improve the ability to communicate with humans, so they can interact with each other more effectively in achieving goals, both individual goals, organizational goals and community goals. In the context of organizational communication,  an organizational culture sees communication relationships from the perpetrator's relationship line. The downward vertical relationship line, that is between superiors and subordinates, the horizontal relationship line is between one employee and another employee and last one is upward vertical relationship line, that is between the employee to the superior. Each of these lines of communication has its own pattern. If the communication pattern does not go according to the rules, then the implementation of communication will not work well. This will become one of the disturbances or obstacles in achieving company performance because the message is not conveyed correctly. Communication violations that occur are mostly caused by the perpetrators of the communication not knowing that they have violated the order lines. The purpose of this study is to obtain an in-depth picture and provide empirical evidence regarding the effect of organizational communication patterns on employee performance. The research used quantitative research methods or often referred to as traditional methods. The resulting data will be in the form of numbers and the analysis uses statistics. The results of regression testing show that the”variable organizational communication patterns affect the performance of employees at Pusat Pengembangan dan Pemberdayaan Pendidik dan Tenaga Kependidikan (P4TK) Bisnis dan Pariwisata Jakarta.”  Keywords: Communication, communication patterns, employee performance

scholarly journals DAKWAH DAN MASALAH KONTEMPORER

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Syafriwaldi Syafriwaldi
Keyword(s):  
Work Ethic ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Religious Ritual ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Vertical Relationship ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Economic Improvement

In the science and technology currently, also the success development have penetrated all aspects of the field of life, it is not only bringing the convenience and happiness, but also to new behaviors and issues. There are many issues that long time ago was never known, never imagined; now they are true. this reality is meant by contemporary issues. During this time the theme and scope of da'wah only revolves around the problems of hablum minallah (vertical relationship), or in akhhrawi problem; Syahadat, prayer, fasting, hajj and other religious ritual themes. While the theme of other Islamic da'wah, namely hablum minannas (horizontal relationship) is not much touched on, when in fact the scope or theme of da'wah is very broad. Issues of the ummah's interests are part of the themes of Islamic da'wah, such as democracy, the problem of increasing the resources of the ummah, the problem of economic improvement, work ethic and others. They are rarely alluded in the subject of da'wah material so that da'wah seems not to stand on the earth but in the air.

scholarly journals Educational Philosophy in the Effect of Globalization on Agriculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Aslan Riyadh
Keyword(s):  
Educational Philosophy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The Public ◽  
Technology Sector ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The World ◽  
Rapid Flow ◽  
Vertical Relationship ◽  
Negative Impacts

Technological advances due to the rapid flow of globalization, change the pattern of teaching in the world of education. The philosophy of education shows a vertical relationship, up or down with the branches of education. It is hoped that the public can better understand the importance of globalization so that the negative impacts that have an impact can be minimized and it is also hoped that the realization of positive activities towards education will be even better. Education contributing to the success of development in the agricultural sector is not solely determined by development in the technology sector but is determined by the development of the quality of human resources, aspects of human personality, which include knowledge, values, attitudes and skills. The influence of globalization encourages education in the agricultural sector to be increasingly encouraged by stakeholders to always be improved so that the agricultural sector becomes more productive.

Some issues in formal music education in Nigeria: A case study of Kwara State

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-370
Author(s):  
Austin Emielu
Keyword(s):  
Music Education ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Musical Cultures ◽  
Vertical Relationship ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Education Delivery ◽  
Goals And Objectives ◽  
Musical Literacy

Every educational system has its goals and objectives, curricula and modes of implementation. There is however the need for periodic assessment and evaluation. Specifically, this research paper sets out to evaluate the success or otherwise of the music education delivery system in Kwara state of Nigeria and its implications for the goals of music education in Nigeria. Data were gathered primarily from field situations using empirical and deductive methodologies and secondarily from government publications and other publications related to the subject matter. The paper observes that the noble idea of bi-musicality, a concept that stresses musical literacy in both one's own culture and that of the West is hampered by lopsidedness, crisis of perspectives and inadequate resource materials and persons. There is also a structural defect in the vertical relationship between the various levels of music education in the state. The paper further identifies public perception of music as a Christian subject as one of the obstacles to an effective music education delivery system in Nigeria. The paper concludes that until significant musical theories and conceptual approaches emerge from extensive fieldwork into Nigeria's diverse musical cultures, it will be difficult to develop and sustain an authentic and functional music education framework in Nigeria.

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