367 Organic versus conventional grain on placental factors in caprine

Abstract Organic products are increasing in popularity due to consumer interest and animal products are no exception. Trends towards organic livestock diets have increased yet many questions exist regarding potential health benefits or negative increased cost from the organic product. Organic livestock diets could impact reproductive health yet research into organic feedstuffs is lacking. Previous research examined impacts of diet on placental factors and indicated nutrient transfer from dams to fetus. Impacts of organic practices on livestock reproduction has not been explored, as studies linking nutrition and reproductive abilities have been limited to conventional diets, despite increases in organic practices. The objective of the current study observed differences in placental factors between Nubian dams fed organic and conventional diets. Placental factors were defined as placental weight and cotyledon factors. Six (n = 3) pregnant Nubian dams were separated into an organic group and conventional group based on BW and BCS. The organic group was fed a certified organic concentrate and organic supplement, which had equivalent nutrients to conventional concentrate and supplement. Dams were fed 0.907kg/d/45.4kg of BW of concentrate and 0.012kg/d/45.4kg of BW in individual feeding stocks at 0630 and 1730 for the last six wks of gestation and three wks post-parturition. Upon expulsion of the placenta, the placenta was weighed, cotyledons were counted, and three cotyledons were measured for height, length, width, and volume. Differences in placental weight and cotyledon factors were analyzed by a two-tailed independent T-Test at P < 0.05. No differences were observed for any of the placental aspects (P = 0.486, 0.987, 0.997, 0.468, 0.448, and 0.809, respectively). Placental aspects, such as number and height, may have been influenced by the number of offspring each dam produced, but was not consistent between groups. Based upon the current study, increased cost of organic livestock production may not be justifiable for most goat producers.

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PROSPECTS FOR ORGANIC PRODUCTION MARKET DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE AND THE WORLD

"EСONOMY. FINANСES. MANAGEMENT: Topical issues of science and practical activity" ◽

10.37128/2411-4413-2019-6-5 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 38-48

Author(s):

Olha KHAIETSKA

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Land ◽

Economic Benefits ◽

Domestic Market ◽

Organic Production ◽

Basic Principles ◽

Current State ◽

Agricultural Enterprise ◽

Organic Products ◽

The World ◽

Certified Organic

The article describes the current state of development of the world and domestic market of organic products, countries where there are the highest rates of development of certified production, countries with the highest consumption of organic products per capita and countries with the largest areas of organic agricultural land. The organic products market in Ukraine has been analyzed from the beginnings to the present state, indicating all stages of development and the problems that have arisen, as well as the basic laws on organic production, certified organic products, countries and companies operating on the domestic market. The area of land with organic status, the total number of certification bodies, the number of operators in this market in the regions of Ukraine is indicated. In the article a comparative analysis of Ukrainian organic production with world production is conducted, the countries-leaders for the areas occupied by organic production are specified. The list of certified in Ukraine types of organic products, which are consumed both on the domestic market and exported to different countries of the world, is determined. The article deals with the dynamics of the internal market of organic products for 2002-2017 years. The basic principles of organic agriculture, which focus on the preservation of the environment and natural resources, are presented and a mechanism for promoting organic production by agricultural enterprise. The benefits of this production are also described, including: health benefits, environmental, social and economic benefits. The urgent problems of the organic products market are determined, directions of state policy in the field of organic production are proposed, which will promote the development of organic production in Ukraine and the circulation of domestic organic products in the world.

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KEBIASAAN MAKAN YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI REMAJA PUTRI DI KABUPATEN BOGOR

Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan ◽

10.25182/jgp.2009.4.3.132-139 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 132

Author(s):

Yaktiworo Indriani ◽

Mellova Amir ◽

Iskandar Mirza

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Health ◽

Adolescent Girls ◽

Food Habits ◽

Research Result ◽

Food Habit ◽

School Level ◽

Plain Water ◽

Font Size ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Animal Products

This research aims was to study (1) food habits of adolescent girls; (2) the adolescent girls’ efforts in taking care of and obtaining reproductive health; and (3) the relation between food habits, school level, parent’s education level, and social economics level of family towardreproductive health of adolescent girls. This research was a cross-sectional study executed in class level of 1 and 2 of SMA Negeri I and SMP Negeri I of Dramaga District, in Bogor Regency in which 3 classes of each level so that totalize 12 classes. The number of subject was 169 adolescent girls. The data was collected by interviews and filling up questioners on May through June 2008. The research result showed that food habit between adolescent girls of SMP and SMA was not different and both have not yet meet PUGS, especially still less in number consume of rice, animal products and plain water. Strive in overcoming the sigh appearance nearing and during menstruation which is often done by adolescent girls were by keeping it quiet, body massages, and lay down. Variables of eating frequency together with habitual of eating fruits, animal products, and sour or hot food during menstruation are significantly related with reproductive health of adolescent girls.

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366 Effects of organic versus conventional diets on dystocia rates in Nubian dams

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skz122.270 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 153-153

Author(s):

Matthew J Soyland ◽

Isabella V Panetta ◽

Bailey Armentrout-Shoaf ◽

Christina Rocco ◽

Toree Williams

Keyword(s):

Dairy Goat ◽

Consumer Market ◽

Mineral Supplement ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Mineral Supplementation ◽

Organic Products ◽

Conventional Diet ◽

Potential Benefits ◽

Certified Organic ◽

The Cost

Abstract Organic products have been growing in popularity in the consumer market, often without evidence to support potential benefits. Many organic products promise better results than conventional products, yet research examining the use of organic products as a feedstuff in caprine diets is lacking. Additionally, the cost of organic feedstuff is much greater when compared to conventional. Reproductive success of an animal has a direct correlation with nutrition throughout pregnancy and could be impacted by organic products. Thus, potential benefits of increase of reproductive health could outweigh the initial cost of organic feedstuffs. The objective of the current study was to determine differences in dystocia occurrence between caprine dams fed conventional and organic feedstuffs in the last 6 wk of gestation. Eight gestating Nubian does (n = 4) ranging from 1 to 5 yr of age with initial BW between 45.4 and 68.5 kg were separated into two treatment groups based on BCS utilizing the American Dairy Goat Association’s BCS 1 to 5 scale. Treatment A was fed a conventional diet including 14% CP concentrate, mineral supplementation, and molasses. Treatment B was fed an equivalent USDA certified organic concentrate, mineral supplement and molasses. Dams were fed 0.907kg/d/45.4kg of BW of concentrate and mineral supplement at 0.012kg/d/45.4kg of BW in individual feeding stocks at 0630 and 1730 in the last 6 wk of gestation. All Dams were provided ad libitum to hay and water. During parturition, dystocia was defined as requiring obstetrical assistance at any point during kidding. Differences in dystocia rate between conventional and organic groups were analyzed by independent T-Test at P < 0.05. As expected, no differences were observed between organic and conventional treatment groups (p = 0.28). As a result, the increased priced of organic feedstuff was not justified for feeding over conventional products.

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Is there a promising market ‘in between’ organic and conventional food? Analysis of consumer preferences

Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems ◽

10.1017/s1742170509990056 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 205-213 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Meike Janssen ◽

Astrid Heid ◽

Ulrich Hamm

Keyword(s):

Production Systems ◽

Animal Feed ◽

Consumer Preferences ◽

Food Additives ◽

Organic Production ◽

Low Input ◽

High Preference ◽

Organic Products ◽

Food Market ◽

Certified Organic

AbstractVarious products incorporating single aspects of organic production systems such as lower inputs of pesticides, food additives or concentrated animal feed are found on the food market (referred to as low-input products hereafter). In our study, we analyzed how consumers react to low-input products in a purchase simulation with certified organic, conventional and low-input products. In the purchase simulations, each participant was asked to make three consecutive purchase decisions, one each for milk, yogurt and apples. The results of a cluster analysis revealed one cluster with a high preference for organic products and three clusters that featured considerable shares of low-input purchases. The latter clusters, however, were not characterized by a clear preference for low-input products. Rather, they bought mixed baskets of goods, i.e., low-input products in combination with either organic or conventional products. The low-input products in the categories milk, yogurt and apples did thus not necessarily attract the same groups of people. Interestingly, we found that most consumers who chose low-input products in the simulations usually buy those particular products in conventional quality. We conclude that in our study, we found a heterogeneous group of low-input buyers. For the organic sector, communicating the various aspects of organic production might be a promising strategy for gaining new customers. The low-input products in the purchase simulation only featured one special attribute, whereas organic products incorporate several.

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Assessing the Technical and Allocative Efficiency of U.S. Organic Producers

Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics ◽

10.1017/s1074070800003436 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

pp. 247-259 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Timothy A. Park ◽

Luanne Lohr

Keyword(s):

Technical Efficiency ◽

Allocative Efficiency ◽

Male And Female ◽

Farm Level ◽

Organic Products ◽

Certified Organic ◽

Revenue Mix ◽

Technical And Allocative Efficiency

We develop measures of technical and allocative efficiency of producers in marketing certified organic products. A stochastic output distance frontier and the associated revenue share equations are estimated using comprehensive U.S. data on certified organic producers. Farm-level measures of technical efficiency are calculated and factors that enhance performance are identified. Factors that systematically influence allocative efficiency are assessed. The revenue mix of organic producers is systematically inefficient as both male and female producers rely too heavily on revenue from organic markets relative to conventional outlets.

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Developmental and reproductive effects of chemicals associated with unconventional oil and natural gas operations

Reviews on Environmental Health ◽

10.1515/reveh-2014-0057 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 92

Author(s):

Ellen Webb ◽

Sheila Bushkin-Bedient ◽

Amanda Cheng ◽

Christopher D. Kassotis ◽

Victoria Balise ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Pollution ◽

Reproductive Health ◽

Natural Gas ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Gas Production ◽

Ethyl Benzene ◽

Potential Health ◽

Early Postnatal Development ◽

Unconventional Oil ◽

Oil And Natural Gas

AbstractUnconventional oil and gas (UOG) operations have the potential to increase air and water pollution in communities located near UOG operations. Every stage of UOG operation from well construction to extraction, operations, transportation, and distribution can lead to air and water contamination. Hundreds of chemicals are associated with the process of unconventional oil and natural gas production. In this work, we review the scientific literature providing evidence that adult and early life exposure to chemicals associated with UOG operations can result in adverse reproductive health and developmental effects in humans. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) [including benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylene (BTEX) and formaldehyde] and heavy metals (including arsenic, cadmium and lead) are just a few of the known contributors to reduced air and water quality that pose a threat to human developmental and reproductive health. The developing fetus is particularly sensitive to environmental factors, which include air and water pollution. Research shows that there are critical windows of vulnerability during prenatal and early postnatal development, during which chemical exposures can cause potentially permanent damage to the growing embryo and fetus. Many of the air and water pollutants found near UOG operation sites are recognized as being developmental and reproductive toxicants; therefore there is a compelling need to increase our knowledge of the potential health consequences for adults, infants, and children from these chemicals through rapid and thorough health research investigation.

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International trade of organic food: Evidence of US imports

Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems ◽

10.1017/s1742170512000191 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 255-262 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Lydia Oberholtzer ◽

Carolyn Dimitri ◽

Edward C. Jaenicke

Keyword(s):

Consumer Preferences ◽

Organic Food ◽

Future Research ◽

Short Supply ◽

Heckman Model ◽

Organic Products ◽

The Usa ◽

Certified Organic ◽

Food Sales ◽

The Impact

AbstractOver the past decade, organic food sales and farmland have grown rapidly worldwide. As the US market for organic food has expanded, anecdotal evidence indicates that imports of organic food have increased. US organic handlers may be importing to meet consumer demand for out-of-season products, as well as products not grown domestically. Handlers may also be importing organic products that are in short supply or to reduce input costs. This paper provides the first examination of imports of organic products into the USA. Data from a national survey of certified organic handlers in 2007 are used to examine the extent, types and origins of imported organic commodities. A Heckman model is employed to investigate the factors that influence an organic handler's decision to import organic products, and the level at which organic handlers import a product. Summary results show that while many of the products being imported into the USA are those that cannot be produced domestically, such as coffee and tropical fruits, some oft-imported commodities are those that can be produced in the USA, such as soybeans, wheat, barley and berries. The summary results also show that organic handlers are procuring almost a half of their imported products from a few countries, including Canada, China, Mexico, Brazil and Indonesia. In the econometric analysis, we found those handlers prioritizing local suppliers negatively affected the facility's decision to import products. The use of a social label, such as Fair Trade, positively affected a handler's decision to import. The size of organic sales was important to both the decision to import and the share imported, with larger firms more likely to import and smaller firms less likely to import. However, once a smaller firm had decided to import, they imported a larger share. Finally, our analysis found that experiencing limited supplies or prioritizing price with suppliers did not influence a handler's decision to import products. Based on the findings, we suggest future research avenues, including studies that address consumer preferences and the impact of increased imports on domestic organic farms.

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DIRECT SALES AS AN EXAMPLE OF A DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL WITHIN THE MAŁOPOLSKIE REGION

Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0013.7578 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol XXII (1) ◽

pp. 351-359 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Monika Wojcieszak-Zbierska ◽

Małgorzata Bogusz

Keyword(s):

Organic Food ◽

Distribution Channel ◽

Plant Production ◽

Ecological Awareness ◽

Direct Sales ◽

Organic Products ◽

Certified Organic ◽

Interview Questionnaire

The purpose of the study was to attempt to present examples of projects related to direct sales within the Małopolskie Province aimed at selling and promoting certified organic products. Direct sales are one of the best forms of a distribution channel between a food producer and a consumer. Direct contact gives measurable benefits on both sides of this chain, fosters raising the quality of offered products and ecological awareness among consumers. The offer proposed by producers often includes certified organic products. The Małopolskie Province is characterised by high agricultural fragmentation. In order to survive on the market, small farms change the profile of their farms, often to organic plant production. Growing awareness of customers with regard to ecology causes producers to strive to certify their farms. This is certainly connected with quality and food security. The analysis covered two types of projects that are characterised by an innovative approach: the Odrolnika.pl project and Targ Pietruszkowy (Parsley Market) in Cracow. The research tool was an interview questionnaire, and the research method was a case study. The research was conducted among the leaders of both projects in 2018. The Odrolnika.pl project and Targ Pietruszkowy in Cracow are very good examples of direct sales and the promotion of certified organic food with the simultaneous familiarisation of customers with the values of such products. This is possible due to direct contacts of food producers with consumers.

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Strategic Directions of Forming a State Mechanism to Stimulate the Development of Environmentally Sensitive Agribusiness

THE PROBLEMS OF ECONOMY ◽

10.32983/2222-0712-2020-4-364-375 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (46) ◽

pp. 364-375

Author(s):

Y. S. Нerasymenko ◽

◽

V. O. Velieva ◽

R. M. Ostapenko ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

The United States ◽

Organic Production ◽

State Support ◽

Support Mechanism ◽

Organic Products ◽

Green Tourism ◽

Environmentally Sensitive ◽

The Government ◽

Certified Organic ◽

Conceptual Foundations

The purpose of the article is to develop conceptual foundations for the formation of a state mechanism to stimulate the development of environmentally sensitive agribusiness in Ukraine. It is emphasized that organic production in other countries receives significant state support. In addition, farmers view growing organic products as a factor that reduces risks and stabilizes prices for end products. Still, every country has its own specific features of providing state support. In some regions of France, subsidies can be obtained to cover the costs for certification and inspection, whose volume also varies from region to region. In addition to subsidies, producers of organic agricultural products can also apply for a tax credit. France has a method that compensates for the farmers’ losses from their transition to organic production, both in terms of individual costs and the profit margin. In the United States, the Agricultural Services Agency (FSA) funds the conversion of a farm to organic production and reimburses all the expenses associated with that production. Specific examples of state support for organic production in China, Thailand, Sri Lanka are given. In Ukraine, state support for environmentally friendly production is suggested to be grounded on three key blocks. Firstly, it should expand the demand and thus support consumers. Secondly, the state should design a support mechanism for producers. Thirdly, a separate set of issues should include strategic measures to shape the image of organic products in the market. For each set, specific measures have been identified that can be implemented by the government. It is suggested to divide ecologically oriented products into two groups: green products, which are produced without using chemicals; and certified organic products. The necessity to develop green tourism in Ukraine is also emphasized.

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Adverse reproductive health effects of exposure to chlorination disinfection by-products

Global NEST Journal ◽

10.30955/gnj.000315 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 128-144

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Health ◽

Health Effects ◽

Birth Outcomes ◽

Congenital Anomalies ◽

Pregnancy Loss ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Water Contaminants ◽

Potential Health ◽

Reproductive Effects ◽

By Products

Chlorination disinfection by-products (DBPs) are formed when water is chlorinated and the organic matter in the water reacts with chlorine to form these by-products. There have been concerns about the potential health effects of these by-products, including cancer and reproductive effects. Here we have reviewed the literature on reproductive health effects. Epidemiological studies on neural tube defects, urinary tract defects and small for gestation age/intra growth retardation have shown the most consistent statistically significant associations with an index of DBPs, but generally the risk estimates are small. The interpretation of the studies is not straight forward because they may not be directly comparable because of differences in DBP mixtures, exposure categories and actually uptake of DBPs due to differences in e.g. ingestion rates, showering, bathing, and swimming. Only few specific DBPs have been studied and THMs have often been used as a marker for other DBPs, since they are often routinely available. Sample sizes, and therefore power, have at times been low, particularly when the population was split into exposure categories. Although most studies considered some confounders, (residual) confounding by other water contaminants or other factors related to water intake, cannot always be excluded. Case ascertainment, for outcomes such as spontaneous abortion and certain congenital anomalies is far from straight forward, and for the latter at times anomalies are lumped together with different aetiology, which may be inappropriate. Furthermore, as with many reproductive epidemiological, if the putative agent affects both early pregnancy loss and later birth outcomes such as congenital anomalies, interpretation of later birth outcomes may be more difficult.

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