Data Analytics Approach for Understanding the Relationship Between the Thermal and Energy Performance in Ferronickel Large Industrial Rotary Kilns

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Ardila ◽  
Bernardo Rueda ◽  
Iván Sánchez ◽  
Maricel Parra ◽  
Lesme Corredor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Relevant Variables ◽  
Mass Flow Rates ◽  
Mineral Production ◽  
Lateritic Nickel ◽  
Rotary Kilns ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The ferronickel production process closely resembles that of cement and steel. Published studies typically take the developments of the latter and adapt them to ferronickel. However, few open publications allow for a proper understanding of the calcination and reduction of lateritic nickel minerals. This research analyzes the operation of a rotary kiln calciner of 135 m length, a diameter of 6 m, and a mass flow rate between 170 and 180 t/h of partially dry mineral. The calciner uses coal as a reducing agent and natural gas as a thermal energy source. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used in a large industrial dataset to determine the variables with a greater influence on the process performance. Also, k-means clustering is used to locate operation points favorable to calcined mineral production. Results show that the most relevant variables are mineral and gas temperatures and the mass flow rates of air, mineral, natural gas, and coal.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF METHODS AND MEASURES OF MEASUREMENT OF HEAT OF COMBUSTION OF NATURAL GAS IN UKRAINE AND ABROAD

2019 ◽  
pp. 78-87
Author(s):  
K. M. Shynkaruk
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Heat Of Combustion ◽  
Indirect Methods ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Direct And Indirect Methods ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

In connection with the increase in prices for natural gas, the urgent issue is to calculate not only the amount of gas consumed, but also its quality precisely with the consumer. The quality of gas is the compliance of its physicochemical parameters with established regulatory documents. With the current gas accounting and payment system in Ukraine, consumers using the same number of cubic meters receive different heat of combustion. The paper analyzes the regulatory framework for assessing the energy performance of natural gas. The necessity of the transition to accounting for natural gas in energy units is substantiated. Existing methods and means for determining the calorific value of natural gas that are used in Ukraine and abroad are considered. Currently, direct and indirect methods are used to determine the calorific value of natural value of natural gas. The most common is the calculation method based on chromatographic analysis, the implementation of which requires expensive equipment. Other methods for determining the calorific value of natural gas is correlation. The essence of which is to establish the relationship between a certain physicochemical property of natural gas and calorific value, which can be established by experimental observations and based on theoretical analysis, which makes it possible to draw a conclusion about the calorific value of natural gas. Based on the analysis, it was found that currently there are no simple in design and not expensive means of controlling the qualitative characteristics of natural gas commercially available. Therefore, it is relevant to solve the problem of operational control of the quality of natural gas, through scientific justification, development and improvement of tools that enable the indirect accounting of the energy value of natural gas in accordance with global trends in energy accounting. A correlation analysis was carried out to establish the relationship between the thermal conductivity and the calorific value of natural gas. The use of the thermocatalytic method for determining the calorific value of gas is proposed, which will allow designing a relatively cheap and easy-to-use device for monitoring the quality of natural gas specifically for the consumer.

Challenges facing the implementation of the national natural gas policy in Tanzania

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 500-517
Author(s):  
Obadia Kyetuza Bishoge ◽  
Lingling Zhang ◽  
Witness Gerald Mushi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Implementation Challenges ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Purpose This study aims to investigate the challenges facing the implementation of the natural gas policy in Tanzania. Design/methodology/approach A structured questionnaire was used to collect data, while the principal component analysis and statistical tests were used to explore the relationship between the opinions on the influential factors for the natural gas policy implementation and the demographic information. Findings The findings showed that over 50 per cent of the respondents regarded poor community participation and transparency and accountability as the major policy implementation challenges. Most of the demographic information showed the statistically significant effects of the policy implementation influential factors. Originality/value This paper provides the current challenges facing the implementation of the national natural gas policy in Tanzania.

Exergetic Analysis of Systems Generating Electricity Through Expansion of Natural Gas

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Tsatsaronis ◽  
H. Griepentrog ◽  
T. Morosuk
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Thermodynamic Efficiency ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
The Third ◽  
Thermodynamic Performance ◽  
Mass Flow Rates ◽  
Exergetic Analysis ◽  
The Cost ◽  
System Configurations

This paper discusses the thermodynamic performance of three different system configurations used to expand natural gas: (1) A system in which all natural gas passes through a throttling valve, (2) a system that uses only an expander as the expansion device, and (3) a system using in parallel both an expander and a throttling valve as expansion devices. The overall energetic efficiencies for the second system are between 89.2 and 89.4% while for the third system they are between 89.4 and 89.9% depending on mass throughput. The corresponding exergetic efficiencies are between 25% and 32% for the second system and 10% and 25% for the third one. The sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the mass flow rate of natural gas affects the thermodynamic efficiency of the systems generating electricity through expansion of natural gas. The differences in efficiencies between the second and third system, particularly at higher mass flow rates could justify the higher investment costs required for the second system and make it the most attractive system also from the cost viewpoint among the three systems studied here.

What Does Human Development Index Rating Mean in Terms of Individualism/Collectivism?

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria José Sotelo ◽  
Luis Gimeno
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
General Idea ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Relationship

The authors explore an alternative way of analyzing the relationship between human development and individualism. The method is based on the first principal component of Hofstede's individualism index in the Human Development Index rating domain. Results suggest that the general idea that greater wealth brings more individualism is only true for countries with high levels of development, while for middle or low levels of development the inverse is true.

HUBUNGAN KEPADATAN BIVALVIA DENGAN PARAMETER LINGKUNGAN DI PESISIR TANJUNG PURA KABUPATEN BANGKA TENGAH

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-121
Author(s):  
Sudiyar . ◽  
Okto Supratman ◽  
Indra Ambalika Syari
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Random System ◽  
System Method ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Anadara Granosa

The destructive fishing feared will give a negative impact on the survival of this organism. This study aims to analyze the density of bivalves, distribution patterns, and to analyze the relationship of bivalves with environmental parameters in Tanjung Pura village. This research was conducted in March 2019. The systematic random system method was used for collecting data of bivalves. The collecting Data retrieval divided into five research stasions. The results obtained 6 types of bivalves from 3 families and the total is 115 individuals. The highest bivalve density is 4.56 ind / m², and the lowest bivalves are located at station 2,1.56 ind / m²,  The pattern of bivalve distribution in the Coastal of Tanjung Pura Village is grouping. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) showed that Anadara granosa species was positively correlated with TSS r = 0.890, Dosinia contusa, Anomalocardia squamosa, Mererix meretrix, Placamen isabellina, and Tellinella spengleri were positively correlated with currents r = 0.933.

scholarly journals Nonverbal Semantics Test (NVST)—A Novel Diagnostic Tool to Assess Semantic Processing Deficits: Application to Persons with Aphasia after Cerebrovascular Accident

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 359
Author(s):  
Katharina Hogrefe ◽  
Georg Goldenberg ◽  
Ralf Glindemann ◽  
Madleen Klonowski ◽  
Wolfram Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Cerebrovascular Accident ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Verbal Abilities ◽  
Verbal Tasks ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
The Relationship

Assessment of semantic processing capacities often relies on verbal tasks which are, however, sensitive to impairments at several language processing levels. Especially for persons with aphasia there is a strong need for a tool that measures semantic processing skills independent of verbal abilities. Furthermore, in order to assess a patient’s potential for using alternative means of communication in cases of severe aphasia, semantic processing should be assessed in different nonverbal conditions. The Nonverbal Semantics Test (NVST) is a tool that captures semantic processing capacities through three tasks—Semantic Sorting, Drawing, and Pantomime. The main aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between the NVST and measures of standard neurolinguistic assessment. Fifty-one persons with aphasia caused by left hemisphere brain damage were administered the NVST as well as the Aachen Aphasia Test (AAT). A principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted across all AAT and NVST subtests. The analysis resulted in a two-factor model that captured 69% of the variance of the original data, with all linguistic tasks loading high on one factor and the NVST subtests loading high on the other. These findings suggest that nonverbal tasks assessing semantic processing capacities should be administered alongside standard neurolinguistic aphasia tests.

Performance analysis of domestic solar air heating system using V-shaped baffles – An experimental study

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440892110162
Author(s):  
Vijayakumar Rajendran ◽  
Harichandran Ramasubbu ◽  
Karthick Alagar ◽  
Vignesh Kumar Ramalingam
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Solar Air Heater ◽  
Absorber Plate ◽  
Air Heating ◽  
Mass Flow Rates ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Mitigation

An experimental study has been carried out to enhance a solar air heater’s performance by integrating artificial roughness through baffles on the absorber plate. In this paper, the thermal and energy matrices analysis of a Solar Air Heater (SAH) roughened with V up perforated baffles have been investigated. The effect of various mass flow rates on the SAH was analyzed with and without baffles. Experimental outputs like outlet air temperature, useful energy (heat) gain and thermal efficiency were evaluated to confirm the performance improvement. The baffled absorber plate SAH was found to give the maximum thermal efficiency and useful energy gain of 89.3% and 1321.37 W at a mass flow rate of 0.0346 kg/s, 13% and 12% higher than SAH without baffle. This result showed that the V up-shaped ribs in flow arrangement provide better thermal performance than smooth plate SAH for the parameter investigated. Energy matrices analysis and carbon dioxide mitigation of the SAH system were also analyzed.

scholarly journals Bioprospecting of Sechium spp. varieties for the selection of characters with pharmacological activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Isabel Iñiguez-Luna ◽  
Jorge Cadena-Iñiguez ◽  
Ramón Marcos Soto-Hernández ◽  
Francisco Javier Morales-Flores ◽  
Moisés Cortes-Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Proliferative Activity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Malignant Cell ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Relevant Variables

AbstractBioprospecting identifies new sources of compounds with actual or potential economic value that come from biodiversity. An analysis was performed regarding bioprospecting purposes in ten genotypes of Sechium spp., through a meta-analysis of 20 information sources considering different variables: five morphological, 19 biochemical, anti-proliferative activity of extracts on five malignant cell lines, and 188 polymorphic bands of amplified fragment length polymorphisms, were used in order to identify the most relevant variables for the design of genetic interbreeding. Significant relationships between morphological and biochemical characters and anti-proliferative activity in cell lines were obtained, with five principal components for principal component analysis (SAS/ETS); variables were identified with a statistical significance (< 0.7 and Pearson values ≥ 0.7), with 80.81% of the accumulation of genetic variation and 110 genetic bands. Thirty-nine (39) variables were recovered using NTSYSpc software where 30 showed a Pearson correlation (> 0.5) and nine variables (< 0.05), Finally, using a cladistics analysis approach highlighted 65 genetic bands, in addition to color of the fruit, presence of thorns, bitter flavor, piriform and oblong shape, and also content of chlorophylls a and b, presence of cucurbitacins, and the IC50 effect of chayote extracts on the four cell lines.

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