Protective Effect of Aqueous Crude Extract of Neem (Azadirachta indica) Leaves onPlasmodium berghei-Induced Renal Damage in Mice

Malaria is a major public health problem in the world because it can cause of death in patients. Malaria-associated renal injury is associated with 45% of mortality in adult patients hospitalized with severe form of the disease. Therefore, new plant extracts to protect against renal injury induced by malaria infection are urgently needed. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of aqueous crude extract ofAzadirachta indica(neem) leaves on renal injury induced byPlasmodium bergheiANKA infection in mice. ICR mice were injected intraperitoneally with 1 × 107parasitized erythrocytes of PbANKA, and neem extracts (500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg/kg) were given orally for 4 consecutive days. Plasma blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels were subsequently measured. Malaria-induced renal injury was evidenced as marked increases of BUN and creatinine levels. However, the oral administration of neem leaf extract to PbANKA infected mice for 4 days brought back BUN and creatinine levels to near normalcy, and the highest activity was observed at doses of 1,000 and 2,000 mg/kg. Additionally, no toxic effects were found in normal mice treated with this extract. Hence, neem leaf extract can be considered a potential candidate for protection against renal injury induced by malaria.

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CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTIC AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF METHANOL EXTRACT NEEM LEAVES (AZADIRACHTA INDICA JUSS)

AGROINTEK ◽

10.21107/agrointek.v15i2.10605 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 649-657

Author(s):

Supriyanto Supriyanto ◽

Simon Bambang Widjanarko ◽

Muhaimin Rifa'i ◽

Yunianta Yunianta

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Azadirachta Indica ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Chemical Characteristic ◽

Neem Leaves ◽

Ic50 Values ◽

Neem Leaf Extract

The neem plant (Azadirachta indica) is a herb with the potential as a source of antioxidants. This study aimed to identify compounds that exist in the neem leaf and determine their antioxidant activity. Neem leaf extract was collected by using 80% methanol. Furthermore, methanol extracts from neem leaves with the highest antioxidant activity were partitioned with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water. This research were analyzed by partition for antioxidant activity, and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-pycrilhydrazil) and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were determined. The results showed that the ethyl acetate partition had the highest antioxidant activity, with IC50 values of 1.004 µg/ml. Neem leaf extract has the potential for a use as an herbal medicine in the treatment of various diseases..

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Efek Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Daun Mimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) terhadap Struktur Histologis Pankreas Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus L.) Hiperglikemia

Buletin Anatomi dan Fisiologi ◽

10.14710/baf.6.2.2021.115-123 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 115-123

Author(s):

Nunuk Shofiati ◽

Siti Muflichatun Mardiati ◽

Agung Janika Sitasiwi ◽

Sri Isdadiyanto

Keyword(s):

Azadirachta Indica ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Histological Structure ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Neem Leaves ◽

Neem Leaf Extract

Indikator klinis penyakit Diabetes Melitus adalah hiperglikemia. Mimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) merupakan salah satu tumbuhan yang berpotensi sebagai alternatif obat herbal hiperglikemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh ekstrak etanol daun mimba terhadap struktur histologis pankreas pada tikus hiperglikemia. Penelitian ini mengunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan jumlah tikus 24 ekor yang dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok perlakuan dan 4 kali ulangan. P0 (kontrol normal) adalah kelompok tikus normal yang diberi akuades, P1 (kontrol negatif) adalah tikus hiperglikemia yang diberi akuades. P2 (kontrol positif) adalah kelompok tikus hiperglikemia yang diberi glibenklamid dosis 2,25 mg/kg BB. P3, P4, dan P5 adalah kelompok tikus yang diberi ekstrak etanol daun mimba dosis 100, 200, dan 400 mg/kg BB. Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA pada signifikansi 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan ekstrak etanol daun mimba dosis 100, 200, dan 400 mg/kg BB tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap bobot pankreas, diameter, luas, dan densitas pulau Langerhans (P>0,05). Skoring struktur pulau Langerhans berdasarkan uji Mann-Whitneymenunjukkan hasil beda nyata pada kelompok tikus yang diberi daun mimba (P≤0,05). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini, pemberian ekstrak daun mimba dosis 400mg/kg BB menunjukkan adanya perbaikan morfologi pulau Langerhans. The clinical indicator of Diabetes mellitus was hyperglycemia. Azadirachta indica A. Juss was a plant has the potential to alternative medicine for hyperglycemia. The study was to analyze the ethanol neem leaf extract effect on histological structure of hyperglycemic rat pancreas. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 24 rats were divided into 6 treatment groups and 4 replications. P0 (control) was a normal rats group were given distilled water, P1 (negative control) was a hyperglycemic rats group were given distilled water. P2 (positive control) was a hyperglycemic rats were given 2.25 mg/kg BW of glibenclamide. P3, P4, and P5 were rats were given 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW of ethanolic neem leaf extract.The data analyzed by ANOVA at 95% significance showed the treatment of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW ethanolic neem leaf extract had no significant effect on the pancreatic weight, diameter, area, and density of Langerhans islet (P> 0.05). The score of Langerhans islet structure based on the Mann-Whitney test showed significant differences in the groups of mice given neem leaves (P≤0.05). Treatment of 400mg/Kg BW neem leaf extract showed an improvement in the morphology of the islets of Langerhans.

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PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK BIJI PEPAYA (Carica Papaya L.) DAN EKSTRAK DAUN MIMBA (Azadirachta Indica A. Juss)DAN CAMPURAN EKSTRAK BIJI PEPAYA DAN EKSTRAK DAUN MIMBA TERHADAP KUALITAS SPERMATZOA MENCIT (Mus Musculus)

WAHANA ◽

10.36456/wahana.v67i2.503 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 67 (2) ◽

pp. 59-69

Author(s):

Waqiatul Hasanah ◽

Dr.Dra Sukarjati M.Kes

Keyword(s):

Azadirachta Indica ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Carica Papaya ◽

Seed Extract ◽

Optimal Treatment ◽

Neem Leaves ◽

Papaya Seeds ◽

Neem Leaf Extract ◽

Papaya Seed

Seeds of papaya (Carica Papaya L.) and leaves of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) is an herbal plant. In papaya seeds contain of alkaloids, Papain, tannins, saponins, Triterpenoid, Flavonoids. On the part of Neem leaves contain tannins, Saponins, Triterpenoid, Flavonoids. These compounds are compounds that function as antifertility for men. This has led the authors to conduct research on the effect of seed extract of papaya (Carica Papaya L.) and the leaf extract of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) on the quality of spermatozoa of mice (Mus muscullus). The Samples were as many as 21 mice sperm tails with a weight of 20-30 grams, 2-3 months old. Mice divided in the 3 groups, each group was divided 7 treatments. The treatment given is control, papaya seed extract, neem leaf extract and a combination of both papaya seed extract and neem leaves with a concentration of 0 mg/kg bw, 50 mg/kg bw and 100 mg/kg bw 50:50 mg/kg bw, 100: 100 mg/kg bw. 35 days for extract. On day 37 mice in surgery for cauda epididymis were taken for observation of the quality of spermatozoa of mice. This study was an experimental study using randomized block design (RAK). The Observation of the quality of spermatozoa includes motility, viability, and morphology of spermatozoa concentration by using a microscope. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) One Way. The results of this study showed that there is effect of papaya seed extract and neem leaf extract and a combination of both papaya seed extract and neem leaf on motility (P <0.05), viability (P <0.05), morphology (P <0.05) and sperm concentration (P <0.05). The results of this study concluded that neem leaf extract at a concentration of 100 mg/kg bw is the optimal treatment in reducing the viability of spermatozoa of mice. Extracts combination of papaya seeds and leaves of neem with a concentration of 100 mg/kg bw is the optimal treatment in reducing the motility and concentration of spermatozoa of mice. Papaya seed extract at a concentration of 100 mg/kg bw optimal in reducing the number of normal sperm in mice. Keywords: papaya seed extract (Carica Papaya L.), Neem Leaf Extract (Azadiracta indica A. Juss), the quality of spermatozoa of mice (Mus muscullus)

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Tumor-Targeted Immunotherapy by Using Primary Adipose-Derived Stem Cells and an Antigen-Specific Protein Vaccine

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers10110446 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 446 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jui-Hua Lu ◽

Bou-Yue Peng ◽

Chun-Chao Chang ◽

Navneet Dubey ◽

Wen-Cheng Lo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Antitumor Activity ◽

Clinical Application ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Specific Protein ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Potential Candidate ◽

Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽

Protein Vaccine

Cancer is a leading cause of mortality and a major public health problem worldwide. For biological therapy against cancer, we previously developed a unique immunotherapeutic platform by combining mesenchymal stem cells with an antigen-specific protein vaccine. However, this system possesses a few limitations, such as improperly immortalized mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) along with transfected oncogenic antigens in them. To overcome the limitations of this platform for future clinical application, we freshly prepared primary adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and modified the E7’ antigen (E7’) as a non-oncogenic protein. Either subcutaneously co-inoculated with cancer cells or systemically administered after tumor growth, ADSC labeled with enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) and combined with modified E7’ (ADSC-E7’-eGFP) cells showed significant antitumor activity when combined with the protein vaccine in both colon and lung cancer in mice. Specifically, this combined therapy inhibited tumor through inducing cell apoptosis. The significantly reduced endothelial cell markers, CD31 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), indicated strongly inhibited tumor angiogenesis. The activated immune system was demonstrated through the response of CD4+ T and natural killer (NK) cells, and a notable antitumor activity might be contributed by CD8+ T cells. Conclusively, these evidences imply that this promising immunotherapeutic platform might be a potential candidate for the future clinical application against cancer.

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Azadirachta indica (Neem) Leaf Extract Effect as an Option of Treatment of Ibuprofen-induced Nephrotoxicity

Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research ◽

10.9734/jammr/2020/v32i1130533 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 56-62

Author(s):

Ifeanacho Ezeteonu Abireh ◽

Onyinye Mary Ozioko ◽

Ignatius Ikemefuna Ozor ◽

Elizabeth Finbarrs- Bello ◽

Uche Sebastine Ozioko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Serum Creatinine ◽

Azadirachta Indica ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Wistar Rat ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Oral Ibuprofen ◽

Group 2 ◽

Neem Leaf Extract ◽

Group 1

Aim: This study investigated the curative effect of the aqueous leaf extract of Azadirachta indica on Ibuprofen-induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar rat Study Design: This is an experimental research Place of Research: Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Enugu State University of Science and Technology. Methodology: Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups, with 4 rats in each group. Group 1 was control and received oral normal saline 0.5 ml daily. Group 2-6 had induction of nephrotoxicity using oral Ibuprofen 400 mg/Kg daily for 5 days. Group 3-5 were subsequently treated with gavage Azadirachta indica leaf extract 200 mg/Kg, 400 mg/Kg and 800 mg/Kg, respectively, for 5 days. And Group 6 was treated with oral Vitamin E 1000 iu/kg for 5 days. Results: Ibuprofen induced nephrotoxicity as evidenced by elevation of serum creatinine level in group 2 (1.99 ± 0.83), when compared to 0.48 ± 0.07 obtained in group 1 (control), and Bowman’s capsule enlargement with glomerular degeneration observed in group 2. The serum creatinine levels progressively approached the level of that of the control in groups treated with Azadirachta indica leaf extract, groups 3 (1.69 ± 0.52), 4 (0.69 ± 0.10) and 5 (0.49 ± 0.10). Also, the histoarchitecture progressively normalized to that of control with each increase in dose of the extract. Conclusion: Azadirachta indica (neem) leaf extract administration led to the resolution of Ibuprofen-induced kidney injury in this study. Thus, it can serve as a treatment option for kidney injury resulting from ingestion of Ibuprofen, after the identification of the molecule responsible for this effect.

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MARCADORES DA FUNÇÃO RENAL ATRAVÉS DA FILTRAÇÃO GLOMERULAR: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA

Revista Científica Semana Acadêmica ◽

10.35265/2236-6717-206-9137 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (209) ◽

pp. 1-24

Author(s):

Nucyla Beatriz Gomes dos Reis

Keyword(s):

Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽

Renal Disease ◽

Glomerular Filtration ◽

Renal Injury ◽

Filtration Rate ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Main Indicator ◽

Early Markers ◽

Dynamic Components

Currently, renal disease is a major public health problem that affects thousands of people in Brazil and worldwide, the kidneys are physiologically dynamic components of the system performing many functions, including the formation of urine, so it is paramount to early diagnosis the disease. The glomerular filtration rate is the main indicator of renal function in healthy subjects and patients. In this article the main markers of renal injury are assessed: creatinine, urea, proteinuria, cystatin, microalbuminuria. Early markers of renal damage are important because the glomerular filtration rate is reduced before the onset of symptoms or signs of renal disease are therefore important in the diagnosis of renal injury

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ANTI-TRYPANOSOMA ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF NEEM LEAF (Azadirachta indica) ON Trypanosoma evansi IN RATS (Rattus norvegicus)

Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan - Indonesian Journal of Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.21157/j.ked.hewan.v11i1.5450 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 27-30

Author(s):

Yudha Fahrimal ◽

Siti Maghfirah ◽

Rinidar Rinidar ◽

Al Azhar ◽

Nuzul Asmilia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Azadirachta Indica ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Trypanosoma Evansi ◽

Male Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Neem Leaf Extract

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of neem leaf extract (Azadirachta indica) on parasitemia of rats infected with Trypanosoma evansi (T. evansi) Aceh local isolate. A total of 24 male rats aged three months were used in this study and randomly divided into six treatment groups equally. The negative control group (K0) without T. evansi infection and neem leaf extract, the positive control group (K1) was infected with T. evansi but no neem leaf extract given, group K2, K3, K4, and K5 were infected with 5x104 T. evansi and were given neem leaf extract after patent infection with dose of 50, 100, 400, and 800 mg/kg BW respectively. The extract was given orally for three consecutive days. On the fourth day, rat blood was drawn for parasitemia examination. The results showed that no T. evansi detected in rats in negative control group (K0), while parasitemia in group K1; K2; K3; K4; and K5 was 12,295 x106/mL; 10,495 x106/mL; 9,360 x106/mL; 5,080x106/mL; and 2,398x106/mL of blood, respectively. Percentage of inhibition of parasitemia in K2, K3, K4, and K5 reached 14.64, 23.78, 58.68, and 80.50%, respectively. Based on the result of the study, neem leaf extract of 800 mg/kg BW gave the highest reduction of parasitemia in rats infected with T. evansi.

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EVALUASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI GOLONGAN SENYAWA POTENSIAL ANTIBAKTERI PADA DAUN DAN KULIT BATANG MIMBA (Azhadirachta indica A. Juss) TERHADAP Escherichia coli

Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia ◽

10.22435/jtoi.v11i2.1003 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 40-48

Author(s):

Arif Setiawansyah ◽

Aliefman Hakim ◽

Dyke Gita Wirasisya

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Carboxylic Acid ◽

Azadirachta Indica ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Hexane Fraction ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Neem Leaves

ABSTRACT Neem (Azadirachta indica A.Juss) is a plant that potentially developed for antibacterial agent for both the leaves and barks. The aims of this study were to compare the effectiveness of the antibacterial activity of neem leav es and stem barks extract and to identify the antibacterial compounds of the most active fractions. The extraction method was done using sonication method. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using wells solid diffusion method and TLC-Bioautography. Extract fractionation was conducted using liquid-liquid partitioning method. The chemical compounds of extracts and fractions were analyzed using TLC and GCMS. The result of sonication extraction obtained neem leaves oil (12,02%), leaves crude extract (4,3%) and stem barks crude extract (16,85%). The major chemical constituents of GCMS analysis are 2,3-Dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one (6,06%), L-proline,1-Acetyl-(CAS) Acetylproline (5,85%), 4-hydroxy-2-methyl-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (21,42%), 2,3-Dyhidrobenzofuran (2,69%), alpha-D-methylglucopyranoside (4,54%), palmitic acid (2,92%), Arabino-hex-1-enitol, 1,5-Anhydro-2-deoxy-(CAS) glucal (31,69%). Phytochemical screening of neem leaves oil, leaves and barks crude extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, triterpenoids, steroids and sterols. Antibacterial test results showed neem leaves oil was more effective than leaves and stem barks crude extract against Escherichia coli. The n-hexane fraction showed higher antibacterial activity than ethyl acetate fraction and ethanol fraction. Phytochemical screening of n-hexane fraction showed the presence of triterpenoids, steroids, sterols and phenols. Mimba (Azadirachta indica A.Juss) merupakan tanaman yang berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai antibakteri baik bagian daun maupun kulit batang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan efektivitas antibakteri ekstrak daun dan kulit batang mimba terhadap Escherichia coli dan untuk mengidentifikasi golongan senyawa potensial antibakteri pada fraksi teraktif. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi padat menggunakan sumuran dan KLT-Bioautografi. Fraksinasi ekstrak dilakukan dengan metode partisi. Komponen kimia ekstrak dan fraksi dianalisis menggunakan KLT dan GCMS. Hasil ekstraksi sonikasi diperoleh minyak daun (12,02%), ekstrak kasar daun (4,3%) dan ekstrak kasar kulit batang (16,85%). Skrining fitokimia menunjukkan minyak daun, ekstrak kasar daun dan ekstrak kulit batang mimba mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, fenolik, saponin, triterpenoid, steroid dan sterol. Komponen kimia mayor hasil analisis GCMS minyak daun mimba adalah 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one (6,06%), L-proline,1-Acetyl-(CAS)Acetylproline (5,85%), 4-hydroxy-2-methyl-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (21,42%), 2,3-dyhidrobenzofuran (2,69%), Alpha-d-methylglucopyranoside (4,54%), Asam Palmitat (2,92%), Arabino-hex-1-enitol, 1,5-anhydro-2-deoxy-(CAS)glucal (31,69%). Hasil uji antibakteri menunjukkan minyak daun lebih efektif menghambat pertumbuhan Escherichia coli dibandingkan dengan ekstrak kasar daun dan kulit batang. Fraksi n-heksan menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri paling besar dibandingkan dengan fraksi etil asetat dan etanol. Hasil skrining fitokimia fraksi n-heksan menunjukkan adanya senyawa triterpenoid, steroid, sterol dan fenolik.

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Antimicrobial Activity of Azadirachta indica, against Target Pathogens and Its Utility as a Disinfectant and Floor Cleaner

Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences ◽

10.14260/jemds/2021/392 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (25) ◽

pp. 1899-1903

Author(s):

Mohsin Ali Khan ◽

Shadma Yaqoob ◽

Sharique Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Azadirachta Indica ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Neem Extract ◽

Inoculum Preparation ◽

Neem Leaf Extract ◽

Agar Well Diffusion Method

BACKGROUND Azadirachta indica, commonly known as neem, neem tree or Indian lilac, Limbo, Nim, Nimba, Medusa and Vempu. It is typically grown in tropical and subtropical regions. Neem belongs to family meliaceae. Neem is a native tree of India. It is also called “village pharmacy of south Asia” (India) because of its enormous medicinal properties and people use it most of the time without knowing its multiple advantages. This study was done to know the efficacy of medicinal plant named Azadirachta indica (Neem) against pathogenic microorganisms and about its utility as disinfectant and floor cleaner. METHODS Agar well diffusion method, Culture plate method, inoculum preparation & its subculture methods were used to determine the antimicrobial activity of the neem leaf extract. Different concentrations of neem leaf extracts in culture plates were used for the study. In this method inhibited zones were measured. RESULTS Neem leaf extracts showed considerable antimicrobial activity against four target pathogens. In agar well diffusion method it showed maximum antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus and Staphylococcus aureus. Growth of inhibition was increased as the concentration of the neem extract in agar media increased and was maximum for Staphylococcus aureus. CONCLUSIONS The extract of A. indica, has antimicrobial activity against target pathogens Enterococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas, and E.coli. With the old medicinal knowledge on neem, better economic and therapeutic utilization can be done by using modern approaches of drug development. KEY WORDS Neem Leaf extract, Antimicrobial Activity, Agar Well Diffusion Test, Zone of Inhibition

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Antimalarial Effect of the Root of Silene macrosolen A. Rich (Caryophyllaceae) on Plasmodium-berghei-Infected Mice

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2021/8833865 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Gebru Hagos Atsbha ◽

Rajkapoor Balasubramanian ◽

Abadi Kahsu Gebre

Keyword(s):

Acute Toxicity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Plasmodium Berghei ◽

Antimalarial Activity ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

New Drugs ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Traditional Use

Background. Malaria remains a major public health problem globally. Poor access to antimalarial drugs compounded with rapidly evolving drug resistance encourages researchers to continuously look for new drugs. Of importance, traditionally used medicines of plant origin are the highest priority as the ethnobotanical claim can be used as an important clue for its safety and efficacy profiles. Silene macrosolen A. Rich (Caryophyllaceae) has been traditionally used for malaria treatment in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate the in vivo antimalarial activity of the plant against Plasmodium-berghei-infected (ANKA strain) Swiss albino mice. Methods. The dried powdered root of Silene macrosolen was extracted using 80% methanol. The crude extract was fractionated using chloroform, ethyl acetate, and distilled water that have different affinities to plant phytoconstituents. The in vivo antimalarial activities of the crude extract were evaluated using 4-day suppressive, prophylactic, and curative tests. The antimalarial activity of the solvent fractions was evaluated in a 4-day suppressive test. The oral acute toxicity of the crude extract was also determined according to the OECD guidelines. Results. The percentage of parasite suppression on the crude extract was 31.02%, 35.82%, and 39.23% in prophylactic, curative, and 4-day suppressive tests, respectively, at the tested dose level of 400 mg/kg. The percentages of chemosuppression of the solvent fractions (400 mg/kg) were 43.07%, 42.61%, and 38.38% in aqueous, ethyl acetate, and chloroform fractions, respectively. Both the crude extract and solvent fractions also significantly prolonged survival time except in the prophylactic test. In addition, prevention of weight loss and reduction in temperature and packed cell volume (PCV) were observed in crude extract as well as solvent fractions. The acute toxicity test of the plant extract also exhibited no sign of toxicity. Conclusion. The result indicated that Silene macrosolen has a significant antimalarial activity, justifying the traditional use of the plant material for treatment of malaria.

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