Enrichment Programs and Counselling at the Budapest Centre for the Gifted

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-85
Author(s):  
Maria Herskovits
Keyword(s):  
Gifted Education ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Abstract Concepts ◽  
Enrichment Programs ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Highly Able ◽  
Precocious Development

The age group which is the subject of our work, is mostly not taken in to consideration when speaking about Science education, and definitely is not the traditional target for it. Young children are interested in natural phenomena, but they are mostly satisfied with superficial explanations fitting to their age. At this developmental stage it is not required, and most children are really not able to use the necessary mental operations safely: (Persistent attention, reasoning and drawing consequences from many steps, and particularly the use of abstract concepts). However highly able children show often a deep interest, they want to understand the everyday phenomena in their depth. Due the precocious development of their thinking they are able to elaborate their experiences in a more scientific way than is usual for their age, if they get some proper help. The Centre for Gifted in Budapest provides these kinds of programs, helping these children to maintain their interests, developing their science minded way of thinking and preparing them for later scientific work -whatever would be the chosen field. We would like to place our work in broader context, in the field of gifted education in Hungary.

scholarly journals CONSTRUCTIVE ANALYSIS OF GERMAN AND HUNGARIAN IDIOMS

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
Ilona Lechner
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor ◽  
Cognitive Tools ◽  
Abstract Concepts ◽  
Mental Strain ◽  
Conceptual Metaphors ◽  
Figurative Meaning ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Word Forms ◽  
The Subject

The subject of the study is the examination of figurative meaning in Hungarian and German. In the present study, I present the interpretation of figurative meaning within the theoretical framework of cognitive linguistics by analysing idiomatic expressions in Hungarian and German on the example of the concept of ‘time’. In this contrastive research, I primarily look for the answer to how ordinary people use cognitive tools to grasp intangible abstract concepts such as ‘time’ and what connections can be observed between literal and figurative meaning. The examined Hungarian and German idioms are the linguistic manifestations of the conceptual metaphor time is money (valuable resource). The study aims to support the assumption that in any language an abstract meaning can only be expressed with a figurative meaning. Time is an abstract concept that is present in the everyday language use of all people. The expressions time passes, the time is here, my time has come, it takes a lot of time – to mention just a few, have become so conventionalized in our language that we take their meaning literally. Nonetheless, they are based on conventional conceptual metaphors that we use to make the concept of time more tangible to ourselves. The linguistic manifestations of these conceptual metaphors are created and understood without any mental strain. In the first stage of the research, I searched for possible German equivalents of Hungarian expressions, and then I used Internet search engines and idiom and monolingual dictionaries to select the most frequently used equivalent in German. As a next step, I examined 1) the word form, 2) the literal meaning, 3) the figurative meaning, and 4) the conceptual metaphor of idioms in both languages, which were either been identical or different. Because they are different languages, the word forms are inherently different. At the end of the study, I compared the formed patterns from which I drew conclusions, which support that figurative meaning is figurative in another language as well.

scholarly journals Psicologia Sócio Histórica: Historicidade X Naturalização, Desafios Da Produção Teórico- Práticos Em Saúde Pública / Social Historical Psychology: Historicity X Naturalization, Theoretical – Practical Challenges of Production in Public Health

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edna Peters Kahhale ◽  
Carlos Roberto De Castro e Silva ◽  
Alexandro Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Historical Materialism ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Research Perspective ◽  
Construction Of Knowledge ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Health And Illness ◽  
The Subject

ABSTRACTIt aims to promote critical debate on the construction of knowledge in psychology taking parameters such as the notion of historicity , the question of dialectical objectivity - subjectivity the constitution of the subject and subjectivity from the perspective of dialectical and historical materialism . Question the knowledge of psychology from category involves questioning the historicity of individual naturalization, natural phenomena and located in a social perspective, discussing the contents of universals and a priori character. That research perspective and reflection pursues the foundations of theoretical constructs and practice, opening a field of reflection on the interweaving of concrete social practices and theoretical constructs generated from demands in specific contexts (situations of health and illness; production of material life, estrangement and unusual or hegemonic meanings opposite the everyday life). In performing this task, configures itself necessarily as critical theory , since it indicates the present theories on ideology that "natural " phenomena and psychosocial conceal their commitment to dominant interests which, in ideological nature , alienate individuals and groups in which they live hindering the formation of the subject of rights . This lack of critical reflection engenders professional practices normalizing and alienating. The problematic of the inclusion of psychology in primary and secondary care is discussed of both point of view theoretical as an action.RESUMOObjetiva-se promover o debate crítico sobre a construção de conhecimentos na área da Psicologia tomando como parâmetros a noção de historicidade, a questão da dialética objetividade - subjetividade na constituição do sujeito e a subjetividade sob a perspectiva do materialismo dialético e histórico. Questionar o conhecimento da psico-logia a partir da categoria historicidade envolve questionar a naturalização dos fenômenos individuais, singulares e sociais em uma perspectiva localizada, problematizando os conteúdos de caráter universalizantes e apriorísticos. Essa perspectiva de pesquisa e reflexão pretende alcançar os fundamentos das construções teóricas e práticas, abrindo um campo de reflexão sobre o entrelaçamento das práticas sociais concretas e as construções teóricas geradas a partir de demandas em contextos específicos (situações de saúde e doença; de produção da vida material; de estranhamento e significações não usuais ou hegemônicos frente ao cotidiano da vida). Ao realizar essa tarefa, configura-se necessa-riamente como teoria crítica, pois aponta a ideologia presente em teorias que “naturalizam” fenômenos psicossociais e ocultam seu comprometimento com interesses dominantes que, por seu caráter ideológico, alienam o indivíduoe os grupos nos quais se insere dificultando a constituição do sujeito de direitos. A falta desta reflexão crítica engendra práticas profissionais normatizadoras e alienantes. Será problematizada a inserção da psicologia na atenção básica e secundária tanto do ponto de vista teórico como de atuação.

MUNDANE MIRACLES IN AWADH. ENCOUNTERS WITH THE REVEALED AND THE HIDDEN

2020 ◽  
pp. 130-140
Author(s):  
Maxim B. Demchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Local People ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Mughal Empire ◽  
The Public ◽  
British Raj ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Other World ◽  
Better Than

The sphere of the unknown, supernatural and miraculous is one of the most popular subjects for everyday discussions in Ayodhya – the last of the provinces of the Mughal Empire, which entered the British Raj in 1859, and in the distant past – the space of many legendary and mythological events. Mostly they concern encounters with inhabitants of the “other world” – spirits, ghosts, jinns as well as miraculous healings following magic rituals or meetings with the so-called saints of different religions (Hindu sadhus, Sufi dervishes),with incomprehensible and frightening natural phenomena. According to the author’s observations ideas of the unknown in Avadh are codified and structured in Avadh better than in other parts of India. Local people can clearly define if they witness a bhut or a jinn and whether the disease is caused by some witchcraft or other reasons. Perhaps that is due to the presence in the holy town of a persistent tradition of katha, the public presentation of plots from the Ramayana epic in both the narrative and poetic as well as performative forms. But are the events and phenomena in question a miracle for the Avadhvasis, residents of Ayodhya and its environs, or are they so commonplace that they do not surprise or fascinate? That exactly is the subject of the essay, written on the basis of materials collected by the author in Ayodhya during the period of 2010 – 2019. The author would like to express his appreciation to Mr. Alok Sharma (Faizabad) for his advice and cooperation.

scholarly journals Differences over Difference: Sino-Russian Friendship at Interstate and Interpersonal Scales

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 685-721
Author(s):  
Ed Pulford
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Global Era ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Border Town ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Daily Interactions ◽  
Difference Form ◽  
Social Scientific

AbstractRelations between states are usually framed in human terms, from partners to rivals, enemies or allies, polities and persons appear to engage in cognate relationships. Yet whether or not official ties and relationships among people from those states actually correspond remains less clear. “Friendship,” a term first applied to states in eighteenth-century Europe and mobilized in the (post)socialist world since the 1930s, articulates with particular clarity both the promise and the limitations of harmonized personal and state ties. Understandings of friendship vary interculturally, and invocations of state-state friendship may be accompanied by a distinct lack of amity among populations. Such is the case between China and Russia today, and this situation therefore raises wider questions over how we should understand interstate and interpersonal relationships together. Existing social scientific work has generally failed to locate either the everyday in the international or the international in the everyday. Focusing on both Chinese and Russian approaches to daily interactions in a border town and the official Sino-Russian Friendship, I thus suggest a new scalar approach. Applying this to the Sino-Russian case in turn reveals how specific contours of “difference” form a pivot around which relationships at both scales operate. This study thus offers both comparison between Chinese and Russian friendships, and a lens for wider comparative work in a global era of shifting geopolitics and cross-border encounters.

The Lived Experience of Financialization at the UK Financial Fringe

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
LINDSEY APPLEYARD ◽  
CARL PACKMAN ◽  
JORDON LAZELL ◽  
HUSSAN ASLAM
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Credit Market ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Dramatic Decline ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The financialization of everyday life has received considerable attention since the 2008 global financial crisis. Financialization is thought to have created active financial subjects through the ability to participate in mainstream financial services. While the lived experience of these mainstream financial subjects has been the subject of close scrutiny, the experiences of financial subjects at the financial fringe have been rarely considered. In the UK, for example, the introduction of High-Cost, Short-Term Credit [HCSTC] or payday loan regulation was designed to protect vulnerable people from accessing unaffordable credit. Exploring the impact of HCSTC regulation is important due to the dramatic decline of the high-cost credit market which helped meet essential needs in an era of austerity. As such, the paper examines the impact of the HCSTC regulation on sixty-four financially marginalized individuals in the UK that are unable to access payday loans. First, we identify the range of socioeconomic strategies that individuals employ to manage their finances to create a typology of financial subjectivity at the financial fringe. Second, we demonstrate how the temporal and precarious nature of financial inclusion at the financial fringe adds nuance to existing debates of the everyday lived experience of financialization.

scholarly journals Fundamentos del método científico

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H Badii ◽  
A. R. Pazhakh ◽  
José Luis Abreu Quintero ◽  
R Foroughbakhch
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Scientific Methodology ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Subject Material

Palabras claves: Ciencia, ECOEE, investigación, métodosResumen. El objetivo de esta obra no radica en realizar una búsqueda exhaustiva de la literatura en el tema, sino, sentar las bases del método científico, notando los aspectos filosóficos e éticos de la ciencia. Se presentan los conceptos y definiciones fundamentales relacionados con la metodología de la investigación científica. Se maneja el concepto de la toma de los datos válidos como un requisito básico en cualquier trabajo científico. Se pone a disposición del lector un modelo denominado el ECOEE que es una herramienta poderosa para establecer puntos de comparación e discusión entre los resultados de diferentes trabajos científicos. Finalmente, ofrece unas sugerencias de que hacer o no hacer en cuanto a realizar un trabajo de investigación.Key words: ECOEE, methods, research, Science Abstract.The aim of this paper is not to conduct a thorough literature search on the subject material, but to stress the fundamentals of the scientific methodology along with the philosophical and ethical issues thereof. The basic concepts and definitions in relation to research methodology are presented. The concept of data collection as a basic requisite in any scientific work is discussed. The ECOEE model as a strong tool in establishing different points of view and comparison among the results of different scientific works are laid out. Finally, some tips and suggestions are given as what to do or to avoid in conducting scientific research.

scholarly journals Measuring logical competences and soft skills when enrolling in a university degree course

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Bruno Bertaccini ◽  
Riccardo Bruni ◽  
Federico Crescenzi ◽  
Beatrice Donati
Keyword(s):  
Soft Skills ◽  
Entrance Examination ◽  
Exit Examination ◽  
University System ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The Subject ◽  
University Of Florence ◽  
University Degree ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

Logical abilities are a ubiquitous ingredient in all those contexts that take into account soft skills, argumentative skills or critical thinking. However, the relationship between logical models and the enhancement of these abilities is rarely explicitly considered. Two aspects of the issue are particularly critical in our opinion, namely: (i) the lack of statistically relevant data concerning these competences; (ii) the absence of reliable indices that might be used to measure and detect the possession of abilities underlying the above-mentioned soft skills. This paper aims to address both aspects of this topic by presenting the results of a research we conducted in the period October – December 2020 on students enrolled in various degree courses at the University of Florence. To the best of our knowledge, to date this is the largest available database on the subject in the Italian University System. It has been obtained by a three-stage initiative. We started from an “entrance” examination for assessing the students' initial abilities. This test comprised ten questions, each of which was centered on a specific reasoning construct. The results we have collected show that there is a widespread lack of understanding of basic patterns that are common in the everyday way of arguing. Students then underwent a short training course, using formal logic techniques in order to strengthen their abilities, and afterwards took an “exit” examination, replicating the structure and the questions difficulty of the entrance one in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the course. Results show that the training was beneficial.

scholarly journals Bibliometric Analysis of Multi Representation Based on Problem-Solving Skills Using VOSviewer

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
Erina Krisnaningsih ◽  
Maharani Ayu Nurdiana Putri ◽  
Tsabitamia Irba ◽  
Nadi Supapto ◽  
Utama Alan Deta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Multiple Representation ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Number Of Publications

The purpose of this study was to analyze the scope related to the subject of problem-solving skills based on multiple representation in 2016 – 2020 with 20 documents through bibliometric analysis. The research method used was a literature study through all the articles analyzed in this study. The articles were taken from the Scopus database with sampling in 2003 – 2020, resulting in 29 scientific work data exported in *.ris (RIS) and *CVS formats. Then, those data were processed using VOSviewer and Microsoft Excel. The results of publications in the last five years have increased. Indonesia is the dominant country in publicizing papers about this topic. Institutions from Germany managed to publish most of the documents about multi representation. Meanwhile, Poland is the origin country of the authors with most publications. The visualization of research trends on multi representation resulted in four main clusters: (1) multi representation related to students, representation, and learning processes (2) multi representation as a class (3) multi representation related to the problem (4) multi representation as a model and process. Meanwhile, Indonesian researchers are very active in contributing to this topic, in line with the number of publications by country, namely Indonesia.

scholarly journals Drawing with Metaphors. Mediating ideational content in drawing through metaphors

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Berit Ingebrethsen
Keyword(s):  
Abstract Concept ◽  
Abstract Concepts ◽  
Visual Metaphors ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Cognitive Linguistic ◽  
Educational Issue ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
Different Types ◽  
George Lakoff ◽  
The Subject

It is not easy to express abstract concepts, such as time and society, in a drawing. The subject of this article is rooted in the educational issue of visually expressing themes represented by abstract concepts. However, it is possible to find means and devices to express such ideas. This article shows how metaphors can be used to express such ideas visually. Cognitive linguistic research argues that metaphors are crucial in the verbal communication of abstract concepts. This article also attempts to show that metaphors are important in visual communication. The cognitive linguistic metaphor theory of George Lakoff and Mark Johnson is used here to investigate how metaphors are used to construct meaning in the drawings of cartoonist and illustrator Finn Graff and artist Saul Steinberg. The article presents a few examples of how visual devices structure the abstract concept of time. It then proceeds to explain how symbols function as metonymies and provides an overview of the different types of metaphors and how they are used to express meaning in drawings. The article concludes by attempting to provide new insights regarding the use of visual metaphors.

Time: A Very Short Introduction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenann Ismael
Keyword(s):  
History Of Physics ◽  
Philosophical Thinking ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
Isaac Newton ◽  
Experience Of Time ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Nature Of Time ◽  
Everyday Living

Time: A Very Short Introduction explores questions about the nature of time that have been at the heart of philosophical thinking since its beginnings: questions like whether time has a beginning or end, whether and in what sense time passes, how time is different from space, whether time has a direction, and whether it is possible to travel in time. These questions passed into the hands of scientists with the work of Isaac Newton when the structure of space and time became connected to motion and included the subject matter of physics. This VSI charts the way that the history of physics, from Isaac Newton through Albert Einstein’s two revolutions, wrought changes to the conception of time. There are parts of physics that are in a state of confusion, but this strand of development is a story of philosophical illumination and conceptual beauty. The discussion here provides an opportunity to see what distinguishes the methods of physics from those of philosophy. It brings together physics, cognitive science, and phenomenology in the service of reconciling what modern theories tell us about the nature of time with the everyday living experience of time.

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