scholarly journals Antioxidant property, haematinic and biosafety effect of Ipomoea batatas lam. leaf extract in animal model

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Ogunma Gabriel ◽  
MacDonald Idu
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
P Value ◽  
Phenylhydrazine Hydrochloride

Abstract Background Plant medicine was dated back for decades and has immensely contributed to the health care system in several countries. This present study evaluated in vitro antioxidant, anti-anaemic and biosafety properties of n-hexane leaf extract of Ipomoea batatas L. in an animal model. The antioxidant property of the extract was expressed by 1, 1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) with an appropriate method. The extract was orally administered at graded doses (125, 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight) to determine its effect on 40 mg/kg phenylhydrazine hydrochloride-induced anaemia in rats at days 1, 7 and 14 using a standard protocol. Acute and subacute toxicological evaluations were based on initial behaviour, mortality and histological examination of the organs. Results The antioxidant study of the extract showed 60.14% in the presence of DPPH and ascorbic acid. The haematological parameters (RBC, HGB, HCT, MCV, MCH and MCHC) significantly increased at p value < 0.05 in the treated groups compared with control groups. Specifically, there is a significant increase in the treatment groups, namely red blood cells (5.93, 6.78, 6.75), haematocrit (40.75, 44.05, 44.63) and haemoglobin (13.35, 14.70, 14.73), when compared with untreated control. Also, the results of the myeloid/erythroid ratio of the treated groups (20: 40, 21.7: 43.4 ratio) and (23. 3: 46.6 ratio) are compared with (15.0: 25.0 ratio) of 40 mg/kg phenylhydrazine and 25: 50 normal control of the bone marrow at day 14. No acute behavioural change or mortality was observed. Histological analysis exhibited normal physiological state of the visceral organs. Conclusions These findings support the folklore use of Ipomoea batatas L. leaf extract to reduce oxidative stress, treat anaemia and exhibit its safety at the highest doses of 500 mg/kg body weight.

scholarly journals In vivo antidiarrheal study of ethanolic extracts of Mikania cordata and Litsea monopetala leaves

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatema Nasrin ◽  
Md. Lukman Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Antidiarrheal Activity

<p class="Abstract">In this study the antidiarrheal activity of ethanolic extracts of the leaves of <em>Mikania cordata</em> and <em>Litsea monopetala</em> was evaluated. Diarrhea was induced in mice by oral administration of castor oil (0.5 mL) 30 min after the administration of the extracts. During a 4 hour study the number of diarrheal feces and percentage inhibition of the extracts (200 and 400 mg/kg body weight) was determined. Loperamide (3 mg/kg body weight) served as standard and belonged to the positive control group. The extracts exhibited potent antidiarrheal activity as well as achieved statistically significant p value (p&lt;0.01 and p&lt;0.05) compared to control group. Among the extracts the highest percentage inhibition of defecation (60%) was recorded for leaf extract (400 mg/kg body weight) of <em>L. monopetala</em>. So, the study corroborates the significant antidiarrheal activity of <em>M. cordata</em> and <em>L. monopetala</em> leaf extracts and raises the demand of further sophisticated investigation.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS OF BENTONITE NANOCLAY AND INCORPORATION OF CASSIA FISTULA LEAF EXTRACT TO FORM ORGANOBENTONITE: CHARACTERIZATION AND ITS BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 381
Author(s):  
Anand Raj Lfa ◽  
Jeslin J
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Cassia Fistula ◽  
Thrombolytic Activity ◽  
Lysis Activity

Objective: In this work, methanolic leaf extract from Cassia fistula (known as aragvadha) was incorporated into bentonite nanoclay to form organobentonite. This organobentonite of nanosize was further used for its effective biomedical applications since medicinal clay finds its own advantage over decades.Methods: The bentonite nanoclay was produced by energetic stirring followed by centrifugation and was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The organobentonite was produced using freeze and thaw method. Antioxidant property was studied using Molyneux method, and thrombolytic activity was analyzed using in vitro clot lysis method.Results: The nanosize of bentonite nanoclay between 57 and 82 nm with irregular to spherical shape was confirmed using SEM analysis. The sharp diffraction peak in XRD analysis shows the crystalline nature of bentonite nanoclay, and FTIR results revealed the successful incorporation of the methanolic extract within the bentonite nanoclay. The organobentonite exhibits 84.5% antioxidant property as well as 31% clot lysis activity when compared to the extract and the bentonite nanoclay.Conclusion: Thus, the non-toxic and inexpensive bentonite nanoclay have a high aspect ratio with multifarious applications in medicine, food, cosmetics, and health products. Through this study, the bentonite nanoclay modified using plant alkaloid (organobentonite) is found to possess good biomedical property.

scholarly journals Green Synthesis, Characterization and In-vitro Antioxidant Property of Silver Nanoparticles Using the Aqueous Leaf Extract of Justicia carnea

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
I. O. Salaudeen ◽  
M. O. Olajuwon ◽  
A. B. Ajala ◽  
T. O. Abdulkareem ◽  
S. A. Adeniyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Biological Macromolecules ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

This study investigated the synthesis, characterization and in vitro antioxidant activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the aqueous leaf extract of Justicia carnea.  The aqueous leaf extract of J. carnea was used as a potential reducing and capping agent. To identify the compounds responsible for the reduction of silver ions, the functional groups present in the plant extract were subjected to FTIR. The in vitro antioxidant activity of synthesized nanoparticles was evaluated in terms of ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP), DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2`-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) free radicals scavenging assays. The surface plasmon resonance confirmed the formation of AgNPs with maximum absorbance at kmax = 446 nm. FTIR revealed the biological macromolecules of J. carnea leaf extract involved in the synthesis and stabilization of AgNPs. UV-Visible spectrophotometer showed absorbance peak in the range of 436-446 nm. The silver nanoparticles exhibited moderate antioxidant activities compared to standard antioxidants (ascorbic acid and BHT). These results confirmed this protocol as simple, eco-friendly, nontoxic and an alternative for conventional physical and chemical methods. It can be concluded that J. carnea leaf extract can be used effectively in the production of potential antioxidant AgNPs which could be useful in various bio-applications such as cosmetics, food and biomedical industry.

scholarly journals Toxicity evaluation and protective effect of Rhus longipes Engl. leaf extract in paracetamol induced oxidative stress in wister rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Olubukola S. Olorunnisola ◽  
◽  
Adewale Adetutu ◽  
Abiodun O. Owoade ◽  
Babatunde T. Adesina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Test Of Significance ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Isolated Liver

Aim: Acute toxicity and protective effect of ethanol leaf extract of Rhus longipes Engl. against Paracetamol induced oxidative stress was investigated. The LD50 of the leaf extract was determined using up and down technique and the effect of 1/10th and 1/20th/ LD50 of the extract on antioxidants enzymes and non-enzymes were assessed in the serum and isolated liver of normal and Paracetamol intoxicated rats. Data obtained were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Dunnett’s t-test was used as the test of significance. Values were considered significant at P value < 0.05. The results obtained indicated that LD50 of Rhus longipes Engl. leaf extract is greater than 5000 mg/kg /body weight. A significant (p<0.05) increase was observed in the level of hepatic (H) TBARs (81.97%), Catalase (38.42%) and serum (S) TBARs (164.44%) and catalase (64.72%) respectively but, a significant (P<0.05) decrease in hepatic activities of SOD, GPX, GR, vitamin C and E in paracetamol treated groups when compared with the serum and normal control group respectively. The extracts (250 and 500 mg/kg/body/weight) and the standard silymarin significantly (p<0.05) restored the derange antioxidants parameters to near normal in dose dependent manners. The activities of the extract at the highest concentration (500 mg/kg/b.wt) compared favourably with the standard drug. The results suggested that the leaf extract of Rhus longipes Engl. contain bioactive compounds which could protect against toxicity induced oxidative stress. The results of this study can be used as a basis for further investigations in the search for the bioactive principle.

scholarly journals Analyzing human knockouts to validate GPR151 as a therapeutic target for reduction of body mass index

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Gurtan ◽  
John Dominy ◽  
Shareef Khalid ◽  
Linh Vong ◽  
Shari Caplan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
P Value ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Sustained Reduction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Normal Chow

Novel drug targets for sustained reduction in body mass index (BMI) are needed to curb the epidemic of obesity, which affects 650 million individuals worldwide and is a causal driver of cardiovascular and metabolic disease and mortality. Previous studies reported that the Arg95Ter nonsense variant of GPR151, an orphan G protein-coupled receptor, is associated with reduced BMI and reduced risk of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). Here, we follow up on GPR151 with the Pakistan Genome Resource (PGR), which is one of the largest exome biobanks of human homozygous loss-of-function carriers (knockouts) in the world. Among PGR participants, we identify 3 GPR151 putative loss-of-function (plof) variants (Arg95Ter, Tyr99Ter, and Phe175LeufsTer7) with a cumulative allele frequency of 2.2% and present at homozygosity. We confirm these alleles in vitro as loss-of-function. We test if GPR151 plof is associated with BMI, T2D, or other metabolic traits. GPR151 deficiency is not associated with a significant difference in BMI. Moreover, loss of GPR151 confers a nominally significant increase in risk of T2D (odds ratio = 1.2, p value = 0.03). Relative to wild-type mice, Gpr151-/- animals exhibit no difference in body weight on normal chow, and higher body weight on a high-fat diet, consistent with the findings in humans. Together, our findings indicate that GPR151 antagonism is not a compelling therapeutic approach for obesity.

In- vitro Antioxidant and Cardio-protective effect of Delonix elata (L.) Leaf extract against Doxorubicin induced toxicity in H9c2 Cardio-myocyte cell line

2021 ◽  
pp. 5635-5641
Author(s):  
Archana V ◽  
Indumathy R
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Oxygen Species

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the protective effect of Delonix elata (L.) leaf extract against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in H9c2 cells. Methods: Doxorubicin has been used to treat cancer, but its clinical uses are limited because of its dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. Reactive oxygen species play an important role in the pathological process of cardiotoxicity. The various extracts (pet.ether, ethyl acetate and ethanol) of Delonix elata leaves antioxidant property was evaluated by SOD antioxidant assay and DPPH free radical scavenging assay. The cells were incubated with different concentrations of various extracts of Delonix elata leaves for 2 hr, followed by incubation with 5µM doxorubicin for 24 hr. Cell viability was determined by using MTT assay, respectively. Results: The various extracts of Delonix elata leaves exhibits antioxidant activity. The Doxorubicin significantly decreased cell viability which was accompanied by an increased ROS production. Pre-treatment with various extracts of Delonix elata leaves increased the viability ofcells and inhibit the generation of reactive oxygen species. Conclusion: In this study, findings how that Delonix elata leaf extract exhibited a protective effect against oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte damage. The ethanolic extract of Delonix elata leaves possesses significant antioxidant and cardioprotective activity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of In vitro Antioxidant and Qualitative Phytochemical Analysis of Methanol Leaf Extract of Fadogia cienkowskii Scheinf Fam. Rubiaceae

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Vincent O. Chukwube ◽  
Elejeje O. Okonta ◽  
Christopher O. Ezugwu ◽  
Uchenna E. Odoh
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Maximal Effect ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

Aim: Fadogia cienkowskii Scheinf has been used in ethno medicine for the treatment of pyrexia, convulsion in children, inflammation and malaria. The aim of this work is to ascertain the presence of some phytochemicals in the leaf of Fadogia cienkowskii Scheinf and to investigate the antioxidant property of the methanol leaf extract of the plant.  Study Design: This work was designed to investigate the presence of some phytochemicals in the plant and to further evaluate the antioxidant property of the methanol leaf extract of the plant using three models. Methodology: The pulverized leaves (1 kg) was extracted with 5.0 L of 95% methanol employing cold maceration technique. The extract obtained was dried using rotatory evaporator.     Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical evaluations were carried out using standard methods. Antioxidant capacity was investigated using 2,2 diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl, ferric reducing antioxidant power and total antioxidant capacity models.    Results: The percentage yield of extract is 20%. Flavonoids, saponins, tannins, glycosides, terpenoids, alkaloids and steroids were present in the extract. Total phenol concentration was 0.55+ 0.13 ug/ml. The amount of flavonoid was 3.28+0.01 g by gravimetry with sample weight of 5+0.02 gm. The antioxidant activity of the plant methanol leaf extract showed maximal effect as demonstrated by its EC 50 of 3.811+0.03 ug/ml compared with the ascorbic acid standard 4.989+0.02 ug/ml using DPPH method. This result was validated by the FRAP and TAC models.  Conclusion: The presence of polyphenolic biomolecular compounds in the extract confirms the use of the plant in Ethnomedicine.

scholarly journals EFEK EKSTRAK DAUN GAMBIR ( UNCARIA GAMBIR ROXB) TERHADAP TINGKAT STRESS OKSIDATIF DAN EKSPRESI SIRTUIN 3 PADA HIPOKAMPUS MENCIT BETINA MODEL PENUAAN YANG DIINDUKSI D-GALAKTOSA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Inda MH Sinaga ◽  
Mutiara Indah Sari ◽  
Muhammad MH Ichwan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sirtuin 3 ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Pcr Method

The aging process must be experienced by all living things, there will be a decrease in the tissue ability to maintain its function so that pathological conditions occur. Some things can cause aging, Free radical factors are external and internal factors that can trigger aging. Induce of d-galactose continuously one of the factors that can increase oxidative stress. This study was design to evaluate the effect of gambir leaf extract on oxidative stress and expression of the sirtuin 3 gene in the hippocampus of female mice induced intraperitoneally by d-galactose 150 mg/kgbb. Researchers conducted a post test only control group study with a sample of 24 female mice aged 10 - 12 weeks with the inclusion criteria an average body weight of 25-35 grams, obtained from the same breeding place, maintained at the same place and time and never as research material. Mice were divided into 4 groups with 6 mice each , group (C) female mice induced only d-galactose 150 mg / kg and in sonde aquabidest  0,1%/body weight, mice induced by d-galactose and sonde gambir leaf extract at a dose of 100 mg / kg bw group (C1), group (C2) 200 mg/kgbw, and 400 mg/kgbw group (C3). Blood samples were collected to determine the increase in oxidative stress levels of malondealdehyde (MDA) through spectrophotometry, and hippocampal tissue collected for PCR method so that the expression of the sirtuin 3 gene can be seen. Increased levels of MDA are associated with increased oxidative stress. This study reported the results of MDA levels were not significant ( p value <0.05). The results of the PCR reported an increase in expression 2 times higher than the control at a dose of gambier leaf extract 200 mg / kgbw Keywords:D-Galactose, Malondealdehid,Sirtuin 3,Cathechin.

scholarly journals Qualitative Phytochemical Screening, GCMS Studies and In-Vitro Anti-Oxidative Properties of Aqeuous Leaf Extract of Gnetum africanum

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
A.S. Ezekwe ◽  
P.C. Ugwuezumba ◽  
P. Nwankpa ◽  
J.N. Egwurugwu ◽  
C.N. Ekweogu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

This study aimed at carrying out a qualitative phytochemical screening, GC-MS studies and in-vitro antioxidant properties of aqueous leaf extract of Gnetum africanum. The qualitative phytochemical screening of the aqueous leaf extract of Gnetum africanum was done using standard procedures and revealed the presence of terpenoids, saponins, tannins, steroids, flavonoids, alkaloids, cardiac glucosides and phenols. The GC-MS screening revealed the presence of 14 compounds, 6 out of the 14 compounds were most prominent. The compound with the highest percentage peak area was caffeine with peak area of 96.9%, followed by n-Hexadacanotic acid with peak area of 60.9%, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol with peak area of 55.9%, tetradacanoic acid with peak area of 50.3%, cyclopentaneundecanoic acid with peak area of 47.8% and 2-cyclo-penten-1-2-hydroxy with peak area of 43.6% respectively. In-vitro determination of antioxidant property of leaf extract of Gnetum africanum was done photometrically using 2,2-dyhenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The DPPH scavenging ability of the leaf extract (43.2, 60.5, 68.8, and 75.7) was statistically significant at p<0.05 when compared with the standard drug ascorbic acid (81.1, 82.6, 85.1, and 90.4) % at 10, 20, 30 and 40 mg/l. In conclusion, the leaf extract of Gnetum africanum is loaded with a host of important phytochemicals and has antioxidant properties which increase in potency with increase dose. Keywords: Phytochemical Screening, GCMS Studies, Anti-Oxidant, Gnetum africanum

scholarly journals Evaluation of antioxidant property and anticancer prospective of the leaf extract and biofractions of Bauhinia foveolata Dalzell – A native of the Indian Western Ghats

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1886-1894
Author(s):  
Liesl Maria Fernandes e Mendonça ◽  
Arun B. Joshi ◽  
Anant V. Bhandarkar ◽  
Himanshu Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Free Radical Scavengers ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Significant Activity

The current study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant and anticancer potential of ethanolic leaf extract of Bauhinia foveolata  Dalzell. (EEBF) and its toluene, ethyl acetate and methanolic biofractions viz., TFBF, EFBF and MFBF. Phytoconstituents were screened by adopting established procedures. Total phenolic and flavonoid content were assessed spectrophotometrically. In vitro antioxidant activity was assayed using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide as free radicals, whereas anticancer activity was evaluated using sulforhodamine B assay.  EEBF showed maximum phenolic content of 49.12±0.31 mg GAE/g and flavonoidal content of 28.75±0.42 mg QUE/g, than its biofractions. EEBF showed considerable antioxidant activity with IC50=19.04±0.24 μg/mL and IC50=65.85±1.22 μg/mL when compared to the standards Ascorbic acid (IC50=12.06±0.05 μg/mL) and Gallic acid (IC50=64.65±0.72  μg/mL) in DPPH and nitric oxide scavenging assays, respectively. MFBF showed significant activity with IC50=26.76±0.75 μg/mL in hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay compared to the standard Gallic acid (IC50=76.60±1.31 μg/mL).  TFBF showed favourable growth inhibition of MCF-7 cells  with GI50=73.5±11.96 µg/mL when compared to other samples screened (GI50>80 μg/mL) as against the standard Adriamycin (GI50<10 μg/mL) in SRB assay. The therapeutic virtues of EEBF and MFBF as free radical scavengers and TFBF as an antiproliferative may be attributed to the phenolics, flavonoids, steroids and triterpenoids present.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document