Multiple Maternities and Neighborhood Income

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 400-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Luis Urquia ◽  
John William Frank ◽  
Richard Henry Glazier ◽  
Rahim Moineddin
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Income Quintile ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Neighborhood Income ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
The City

AbstractThis study aimed to examine differences in multiple maternities by neighborhood-income levels in Toronto, Canada. Hospital records were used to perform secondary analysis of 144,731 maternities resulting in single or multiple infants live-born to mothers residing in the City of Toronto 1996 to 2001. The independent variable was neighborhood income, defined as mean household neighborhoodincome quintiles. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to compute adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Differences by income levels were found in twin maternities but not in higher order maternities. Twin maternities were more likely to occur in the richest neighborhood-income quintile compared to the rest of the population (AOR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.10-1.41), after adjustment for potential confounders. The positive association between high neighborhood income and twin maternities found in this study suggests that the richest neighborhoods select families whose characteristics pose them at increased risk of having twins. Further studies are needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms leading to socioeconomic differences in multiple births.

scholarly journals Participation in Physical Education Classes and Health-Related Behaviours among Adolescents from 67 Countries

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 955
Author(s):  
João Martins ◽  
Adilson Marques ◽  
Élvio Rúbio Gouveia ◽  
Francisco Carvalho ◽  
Hugo Sarmento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Active Travel ◽  
Complex Samples ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Active Travel To School

The present study sought to examine the associations between participation in physical education (PE) classes and a range of health-related behaviours among adolescents. Secondary analysis of self-reported data from the Global Student Health Survey, collected between 2010 and 2017 from 222,121 adolescents (N = 117,914 girls; 49.0%; aged 13–17 years) from 67 countries and five world regions, was carried out. Participation in PE classes (0, 1–2, ≥3 days/week) was the independent variable. Physical activity (PA); sedentary behaviour (SB); active travel to school; fruit, vegetables, and alcohol consumption; and smoking; as well as adopting ≥5 of these healthy behaviours; were the dependent variables. Complex samples logistic regressions were performed to explore the associations between participation in PE classes and health-related behaviours. The results revealed that 18.2% of adolescents did not take part in PE classes. A total of 56.7% and 25.1% of adolescents reported participating in PE classes on 1–2 and ≥3 days/week, respectively. Only 26.8% of adolescents adopted ≥5 healthy behaviours. Participation in PE classes was positively associated with PA, active travel, fruit consumption, and vegetable consumption (only for ≥3 days/week), but was negatively associated with meeting SB recommendations, and with not smoking (only for girls and ≥3 days/week). Overall, PE participation was positively associated with adopting ≥5 healthy behaviours, with favourable results found for those who attended more PE classes. The findings revealed a positive association between participation in PE classes and a range of health-related behaviours among adolescents. This suggests that, worldwide, quality PE should be delivered at least 3 days per week up to daily to promote healthy lifestyles among adolescents.

Insomnia among elderly men and risk of prostate cancer.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (5_suppl) ◽  
pp. 78-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Sigurdardottir ◽  
Unnur Anna Valdimarsdottir ◽  
Lorelei Mucci ◽  
Katja Fall ◽  
Jennifer R. Rider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Biological Explanation ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

78 Background: While a large number of studies have reported a positive association between sleep disruption and breast cancer, little is known about its potential role in prostate cancer. Methods: Within the prospective AGES-Reykjavik cohort study, we followed 2102 men from 2002-2006 until the end of 2009. The men answered questions on sleep disturbances, which were combined in various ways to reflect onset and/or maintenance insomnia. Information on the occurrence of prostate cancer was obtained through record-linkages across the Icelandic Cancer and Causes of Death Registers. We used Cox regression models with 95% confidence intervals [CIs] to estimate age- and multivariable adjusted hazard ratios [HR] of prostate cancer by symptoms of insomnia. Results: During follow-up, 135 men (6,4%) were diagnosed with prostate cancer. Compared to men without insomnia, men with severe onset and maintenance insomnia and very severe insomnia were at increased risk of total prostate cancer with HR 1.9 (CI 1.2, 3.0) and 2.2 (CI 1.3, 3.8), respectively. For advanced prostate cancer, the corresponding HRs were 2.3 (CI 0.9-6.2) and 3.7 (CI 1.4-9.9), respectively. Conclusions: These data suggest that insomnia may confer an increased risk of prostate cancer. Reduced melatonin levels represent a plausible biological explanation, although additional studies using biomarkers and longer follow-up times are needed to further clarify the underlying mechanisms.

scholarly journals Case-Control Study of Diet, Cooking Methods and Colorectal Cancer In Viet Nam

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 22s-22s
Author(s):  
N. Tuan ◽  
L. Giang ◽  
L. Ngoan
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cooking Methods ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Control Study

Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers and the leading cause of death in the world and the third most common cancer in Viet Nam. Aim: To examine the association between diet, cooking methods and the risk of colorectal cancer by a case-control study in the Hanoi city, Viet Nam. Methods: A case-control study was designed. Case was newly incident colorectal cancer (125 cases). Control was hospital-based case without any cancer and matched to case by sex and +/− 5 years old admitted to the same Bach Mai hospital in Hanoi city. Case to control ratio was one. Data collection was performed by face to face interviewed by the trained interviewers in using the validated semiquantitative food frequency and demographic and lifestyle questionnaires. Food frequency intake inquired about a frequent intake per day, per week, per month or per year for 85 items of fruit, vegetables, fishes, meats, salted foods, bean and nuts; lightly browned, medium browned, high browned, well browned, and blackened/charred of cooking meat and fishes. Multivariable adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (OR, 95% CI) was estimated using STATA 10.0. Results: The significant increased risk of colorectal cancer was observed for a high frequent intake of fried meat (OR=2.63, 95% CI: 1.47-4.66); fried soya cheese (OR=2.00, 95% CI: 1.05-3.80); grilled food (OR=3.18, 95% CI: 1.84-5.48); roasted food (OR=3.56, 95% CI: 2.05-6.20); beef (OR=2.06, 95% CI: 1.17-3.83); eat salty food (OR=1.71, 95% CI: 1.03-2.82); instant noodle (OR=3.08, 95% CI: 1.61-5.91); salted vegetable (OR=1.63, 95% CI: 1.01-2.73); smoking (OR=5.5, 95% CI: 1.90-15.96). In contrast, a significant decreased risk of colorectal cancer was seen for a high frequent intake of soymilk (OR=0.45, 95% CI: 0.24-0.87); sweet leaf (OR=0.28, 95% CI: 0.13-0.60); guava (OR=0.55, 95% CI: 0.32-0.94); orange (OR=0.15, 95% CI: 0.07-0.36). Conclusion: We observed the positive association between cooking methods and the risk of colorectal cancer. Further study of the underlying mechanisms of cooked meat and fish is highly recommended in Viet Nam.

Family Environment and Its Correlation with Anxiety and Depression: A Study on Heart Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Meena Jain ◽  
Saloni Chandalia
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Artery Disease

This research paper deals with the Family Environment and its Correlation with Anxiety and Depression level among persons with Heart Disease. There had been a number of researches that investigated that ischemic heart disease patients who suffer significant anxiety have close to a 5-fold increased risk of experiencing frequent angina and those with depression have more than a 3-fold increased risk for these episodes. This observed link between psychiatric symptoms and angina underlines the importance of treating anxiety and depression in cardiac patients, according to study co author Dr Mark D Sullivan (University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle). To gather the needed data, Hamilton Anxiety Scale and Becks Depression Inventory were used. As stated from literatures, for people with heart dysfunction, depression and anxiety can increase the risk of an adverse cardiac event such as a heart attack or blood clots. For people who do not have heart disease, depression and anxiety can also increase the risk of a heart attack and development of coronary artery disease. Researchers have also emphasized on the role of family psychosocial environment and its positive association with the Coronary Heart Disease risk.

Mechanisms underlying heart failure in type 2 diabetes mellitus

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-39
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Molecular Alterations ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cardioprotective Effects ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Cardio Vascular

The prevalence of heart failure is markedly increased in individuals with diabetes mellitus. Numerous observational studies suggest that this increased risk for heart failure can be attributed to exacerbated vascular complications and the presence of increased risk factors in diabetic subjects. In addition, experimental studies revealed the presence of a number of distinct molecular alterations in the myocardium that occur independently of vascular disease and hypertension. Many of these molecular alterations are similarly observed in failing hearts of nondiabetic patients and have thus been proposed to contribute to the increased risk for heart failure in diabetes. The interest in understanding the underlying mechanisms of impaired cardio- vascular outcomes in diabetic individuals has much increased since the demonstration of cardioprotective effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists in recent clinical trials. The current review therefore summarizes the distinct mechanisms that have been proposed to increase the risk for heart failure in diabetes mellitus.

ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS PROGRAM USAHA AGRIBISNIS PERDESAAN (PUAP) SERTA DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP TINGKAT PENDAPATAN PETANI (STUDI KASUS PADA GABUNGAN KELOMPOK TANI TELUK JAYA)

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudi Triyanto
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
F Test ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Program Funding ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Farmer Income ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Group Association

Study the effectivity analysis of Program Usaha Agribisnis Perdesaan (PUAP) and its impact on farmer income levels (case study of the Teluk Jaya Farmers Group Association) aims to 1. knowing how large the effectivity of PUAP funds is for income levels in poverty alleviation in Teluk Desa Sentosa Panai Hulu Subdistrict, 2. to analyze and determine the level of income of Gapoktan Teluk Jaya Farming Business in Teluk Sentosa, Panai Hulu Subdistrict before and after receiving PUAP assistance. The results showed that the effectivity of PUAP program funding is very effective and good, it can be seen from the results of the F test of 12.406 with a significant level of 0.000 while the F value of the table is 2.051. When compared to the value of F test (12.406) > Ftable (2.051) at α 5%, it was concluded that simultaneously the effectivity variable and the PUAP program had a positive effect. The increase in income of the Teluk Jaya Farmers Group in Teluk Sentosa after receiving PUAP funds can be known from the t table for the effectivity variable of 2.663 and the PUAP program for 1.270 with a significant value for each independent variable (2.051); (0.073). Whereas for the t table value in the distribution statistics t table with the level of test α = 5% and df1 = 27 of 2,051. Based on the criteria that if the value is t count> t table); namely (2.663> 2,051) (1,270> 2,051) so that it can be concluded that the effectivity variable partially has a positive and significant effect on the income level.Keywords : effectivity variable,  income level, PUAP program

PENGARUH PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI TERHADAP KEPUASAN END USER COMPUTING DENGAN KETIDAKPASTIAN TUGAS SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERATING

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herawati M
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
End User ◽  
Moderating Variables ◽  
The Third ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Task Uncertainty ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The City ◽  
End User Computing

This study aims to use information technology, uncertainty or moderation duties and interactions between task uncertainty with the use of information technology to end user computing satisfaction. In this study used 70 respondents who actively use computers and working with several companies banking on the city of Padang. The data used are the primary data obtained through questionnaires. The study used three types of variables, the first is the independent variable, namely the utilization of information technology, both moderating variables, namely the uncertainty of the task, the third is the dependent variable is satisfaction of end user computing. The stages of hypothesis testing is done by using a regression model of moderating and statistical t-test. Based on the results of testing the first hypothesis (HI) was found to significantly influence the utilization of information technology to the satisfaction of end user computing. The second hypothesis (H2) testing results found that task uncertainty did not significantly influence the end user computing satisfaction. The third hypothesis (H3) testing found that the interaction or moderation between the use of technology with task uncertainty no significant effect on end user computing satisfaction.

Could Antioxidant Supplementation Delay Progression of Cardiovascular Disease in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients?

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanos Roumeliotis ◽  
Athanasios Roumeliotis ◽  
Xenia Gorny ◽  
Peter R. Mertens
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Endstage Renal Disease ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

In end-stage renal disease patients, the leading causes of mortality are of cardiovascular (CV) origin. The underlying mechanisms are complex, given that sudden heart failure is more common than acute myocardial infarction. A contributing role of oxidative stress is postulated, which is increased even at early stages of chronic kidney disease, is gradually augmented in parallel to progression to endstage renal disease and is further accelerated by renal replacement therapy. Oxidative stress ensues when there is an imbalance between reactive pro-oxidants and physiologically occurring electron donating antioxidant defence systems. During the last decade, a close association of oxidative stress with accelerated atherosclerosis and increased risk for CV and all-cause mortality has been established. Lipid peroxidation has been identified as a trigger for endothelial dysfunction, the first step towards atherogenesis. In order to counteract the deleterious effects of free radicals and thereby ameliorate, or delay, CV disease, exogenous administration of antioxidants has been proposed. Here, we attempt to summarize existing data from studies that test antioxidants for CV protection, such as vitamins E and C, statins, omega-3 fatty acids and N-acetylcysteine.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INFLAMMATORY DIETARY PATTERN AND INCIDENCE OF PERIODONTITIS

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. Alhassani ◽  
Frank B. Hu ◽  
Bernard A. Rosner ◽  
Fred K. Tabung ◽  
Walter C. Willett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Reduced Rank Regression ◽  
Rank Regression ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Models ◽  
Study Population

ABSTRACT The long-term inflammatory impact of diet could potentially elevate the risk of periodontal disease through modification of systemic inflammation. The aim of the present study was to prospectively investigate the associations between a food based, reduced rank regression (RRR) derived, empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP) and incidence of periodontitis. The study population was composed of 34,940 men from the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study, who were free of periodontal disease and major illnesses at baseline (1986). Participants provided medical and dental history through mailed questionnaires every 2 years, and dietary data through validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires every 4 years. We used Cox proportional hazard models to examine the associations between EDIP scores and validated self-reported incidence of periodontal disease over a 24-year follow-up period. No overall association between EDIP and the risk of periodontitis was observed; the hazard ratio comparing the highest EDIP quintile (most proinflammatory diet) to the lowest quintile was 0.99 (95% confidence interval: 0.89 -1.10, p-value for trend = 0.97). A secondary analysis showed that among obese non-smokers (i.e. never and former smokers at baseline), the hazard ratio for periodontitis comparing the highest EDIP quintile to the lowest was 1.39 (95% confidence interval: 0.98 -1.96, p-value for trend = 0.03). In conclusion, no overall association was detected between EDIP and incidence of self-reported periodontitis in the study population. From the subgroups evaluated EDIP was significantly associated with increased risk of periodontitis only among nonsmokers who were obese. Hence, this association must be interpreted with caution.

Mother Phubbing and Adolescent Cyberbullying: The Mediating Role of Perceived Mother Acceptance and the Moderating Role of Emotional Stability

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052098390
Author(s):  
Jiahui Qu ◽  
Li Lei ◽  
Xingchao Wang ◽  
Xiaochun Xie ◽  
Pengcheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Emotional Stability ◽  
School Students ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Indirect Path ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
The Relationship

Previous studies have found some risk factors of cyberbullying. However, little is known about how mother phubbing may influence adolescent cyberbullying, and the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying this relationship. “Phubbing,” which is a portmanteau of “phone” and “subbing,” refers to snubbing other people and focus on smartphones in social interactions. This study examined whether mother phubbing, which refers to being phubbed by one’s mother, would be positively related to adolescent cyberbullying, whether perceived mother acceptance would mediate the relationship between mother phubbing and adolescent cyberbullying, and whether emotional stability would moderate the pathways between mother phubbing and adolescent cyberbullying. The sample consisted of 4,213 Chinese senior high school students (mean age 16.41 years, SD = 0.77, 53% were female). Participants completed measurements regarding mother phubbing, cyberbullying, perceived mother acceptance, and emotional stability. The results indicated that mother phubbing was positively related to cyberbullying, which was mediated by perceived mother acceptance. Further, moderated mediation analyses showed that emotional stability moderated the direct path between mother phubbing and cyberbullying and the indirect path between mother phubbing and perceived mother acceptance. This study highlighted the harmful impact of mother phubbing on adolescents by showing a positive association between mother phubbing and adolescent cyberbullying, as well as the underlying mechanisms between mother phubbing and adolescent cyberbullying.

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