scholarly journals The Effects of Lead (Pb) Exposure to Blood Pb Concentration and Hemoglobin Levels in Book Sellers and Street Vendors of Surakarta

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khotijah Khotijah ◽  
Ipop Sjarifah ◽  
Putu Gede Oka Mahendra ◽  
Vitri Widyaningsih ◽  
Haris Setyawan
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Vehicle Exhaust ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Pb Exposure ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Susceptible Populations ◽  
Data Analysis Result ◽  
Pb Concentration

Anemia is still a public health problem in the world and in Indonesia. WHO (2008) reported more than 75% of anemia in Asia is iron deficiency and 63.5% anemia in Indonesia is caused by lack of nutrition. Previous studies described that lead (Plumbum /Pb) can decrease hemoglobin levels. Sriwedari markets book sellers and Solo Wholesale Centers street vendors are susceptible populations exposed to Pb as a result of motor vehicle exhaust. Approximately 70% of Pb in vehicle exhausts emissions are emitted into the air. This study aimed to analyze the effects of Pb exposure on blood Pb concentration and hemoglobin levels. This study was a quantitative observational analytic study with cross sectional design conducted in 2015-2016 at Sriwedari Market. Samples were 97 respondents obtained through random sampling and Spearman correlation was used for data analysis. Result showed that there were association between Pb exposure in the air and blood Pb levels (p=0,000; r=0,606) and blood Pb levels and hemoglobin levels (p=0,000; r=-0,623)

scholarly journals KADAR TIMBAL (Pb) DALAM URINE TERHADAP LAMANYA PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA BERJUALAN DI PASAR 45 KOTA MANADO

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Suwarja Suwarja ◽  
Julice Sopiti ◽  
Agus Rokot
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Lead Level ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Average Lead

Lead is a metal that is very dangerous and toxic to humans, which can be derived from the act of consuming food, drink or inhalation from the air, dust contaminated with Pb, contact with skin, contact with eyes and through parental. Lead can cause air pollution due to motor vehicle emissions gas. Street vendors are one of the groups that can be exposed to Pb. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of lead levels (Pb) in urine to the length of street vendors selling at the 45 markets of Manado City. This research uses observational analytic method with cross sectional design. The sample in this study were all street vendors selling from zero points to the front of jumbo in Pasar 45. Purposive Sampling was carried out by sampling. The results of this study showed that the average length of work was 12 hours, the average lead level in urine for all samples was 0.8461 mg / L which had exceeded the threshold value of 0.15 mg / L. Statistical test results using Pearson Product Moment correlation show there is no significant relationship between work duration and levels of Pb in urine (r = -0.024, p = 0.899). The conclusion of this study is that there is no relationship between lead levels (Pb) in urine with the length of street vendors selling at the 45 markets of Manado City.

scholarly journals Correlation of the Mastoid Pneumatization and Bone Destruction in CSOM with Acquired Cholesteatoma using Computed Tomography

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Dyah Nilasari ◽  
Farah H Ningrum ◽  
Zulfikar Naftali
Keyword(s):  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Mastoid Pneumatization ◽  
Mild Degree ◽  
Acquired Cholesteatoma ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Severe Degree

Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is still a public health problem especially in developing countries. CSOM with acquired cholesteatoma accompanied referred to as the type of hazard, as they often lead to dangerous complications and have a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Mastoid CT with 0,625mm slice thicness may reveal detail cholesteatoma and bone destruction. It’s an analytic observational study with cross sectional design. This study consisted of 30 cases CSOM, aged 18-60 years and had a 0,625mm slice thicness CT scan mastoid examinations in Dr. Kariadi Hospital Semarang and indicating a cholesteatoma and bone destructions. The result showed that hypopneumatization type and mild degree of bone destructions obtained in most subjects, each 20 and 21, but there’s no correlation between mastoid pneumatization and bone destruction (p 0,367 or p > 0,05). This study showed more lower type of the mastoid pneumatization, more severe degree of bone destructions.Keywords: CSOM, mastoid pneumatization, Mastoid CT

Association of Daytime Sleepiness and the Morningness/Eveningness Dimension in Young Adult Subjects in Brazil

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Paz Loayza Hidalgo ◽  
Camila Morelatto de Souza ◽  
Camila Bressan Zanette ◽  
Paula Vianna Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Interpersonal Problems ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Occupational Accidents ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sleeping Habits

Sleepiness is a major public health problem associated with motor vehicle crashes, occupational accidents, decreased productivity, and interpersonal problems. It can be influenced by many factors, including the individual's circadian rhythm. The objective of this study is to assess the correlation between the morningness/eveningness dimension and daytime sleepiness in medical school students. This is a cross-sectional study; 310 subjects (123 women and 187 men, M age 20.5 ± 1.9 yr.) completed a questionnaire on use of drugs, diagnostic diseases, sleeping habits, the Morningness/Eveningness Questionnaire and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. The only variable related to daytime sleepiness was the morningness/eveningness dimension ( r = –.18, p = .002). Questions with higher coefficients of discrimination between the morning and the evening chronotype were “Lying down to rest in the afternoon when circumstances permit” (.61), “Sitting and reading” (.53), and “As a passenger in a car for an hour without a break” (.53). The implications of the findings are discussed.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PERILAKU MEROKOK, PENGGUNAAN ANTI NYAMUK BAKAR DAN PENGGUNAAN BAHAN BAKAR MEMASAK DENGAN KEJADIAN ISPA PADA BALITA

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1075-1079
Author(s):  
Cucu Herawati ◽  
Hety Sriwaty
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Mosquito Repellent ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cooking Fuel ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Menurut WHO dan Kementrian Kesehatan menyebutkan bahwa ISPA merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian tertinggi pada balita, bahkan sampai saat ini ISPA masih merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia. Berdasarkan laporan Puskesmas Beber tahun 2015 di peroleh data bahwa dari 8700 rumah tangga yang di data terdapat 6.555 rumah yang penghuninya merokok di dalam ruangan, masyarakat banyak mengantisipsi gigitan nyamuk aedes agity dengan menggunakan anti nyamuk bakar, keadaan ekonomi penduduk yang masih rendah akhirnya berdampak pada menurunnya kemampuan menyediakan bahan bakar yang memadai, kebanyakan masyarakat menggunakan kayu. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara perilaku merokok anggota keluarga, penggunaan anti nyamuk bakar, penggunaan bahan bakar memasak dengan kejadian ISPA pada Balita. Jenis penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan desain Cross sectional, populasi adalah seluruh balita yang ada di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Beber tahun 2015 sebanyak 2593 balita, jumlah sampel sebanyak 100 balita yang diambil secara random sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner, pengujian hipotesis menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukan ada hubungan yang bermakna antara perilaku merokok anggota keluarga dengan kejadian ISPA (p=0.00), antara penggunaan bahan bakar memasak dengan kejadian ISPA (p = 0,00),  serta tidak ada hubungan antara penggunaan anti nyamuk bakar dengan kejadian ISPA (p=0,184). Kata kunci : ISPA, perilaku merokok, penggunaan  anti nyamuk bakar, penggunaan bahan bakar  memasak.   ABSTRACTAccording to WHO and the Ministry of Health stated that ARI is one of the leading causes of death in infants, even to date the ISPA is still a public health problem in Indonesia. Based on the Beber Puskesmas report 2015 obtained data that from 8700 households in the data there are 6,555 houses that smokers in the room, many people anticipate the bite of mosquito aedes agity by using anti mosquito fuel, low economic condition of the population finally have an impact on the decrease ability to provide adequate fuel, most people use wood. The purpose of this study to determine the relationship between smoking family members' behavior, the use of anti-mosquito fuel, the use of cooking fuel with the incidence of ARI in Toddlers. The type of descriptive analytic research with cross sectional design, the population is all under five in the work area of Puskesmas Beber in 2015 as many as 2593 children, the number of samples is 100 balita taken by random sampling. The data were collected by interview using questionnaire. hypothesis testing using chi square test.The result of the research showed that there was a significant correlation between the smoking behavior of family members and the incidence of ARI (p = 0.00), between the use of cooking fuel with the incidence of ARI (p = 0,00), and there was no correlation between the use of mosquito repellent with the incidence of ARI p = 0.184).  Keywords: ARI, smoking behavior, use of mosquito repellent, use of cooking fuel.

scholarly journals Hubungan pengetahuan gizi ibu dengan kecukupan asupan energi anak usia 1-3 tahun di Desa Mopusi Kecamatan Lolayan Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Sulawesi Utara

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tasya Watania ◽  
Nelly Mayulu ◽  
Shirley E.S. Kawengian
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Maternal Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: Nutritional adequacy or sufficiency of energy in infants is still a public health problem, especially in developing countries and poor countries. As a developing country, Indonesia still has macronutrient deficiencies such as stunting, wasting, and underweight. Maternal level of knowledge about nutrition influences the attitude and behavior in chosing the appropriate and qualified food. This study was aimed to determine the relationship between maternal knowledge and the adequacy of energy intake of toddlers at Mopusi village. This was a correlation study with a cross sectional design. Respondents of this study were mothers who had toddlers aged 1-3 years and lived at Mopusi vollage in September 2014 - December 2014. Data were analyzed by using SPSS. The results showed that there were 90 mothers as respondents. Based on maternal knowledge about nutrition, there were 41 respondents (45.6%) with poor knowledge. Based on adequate intake of energy toddlers, there were 75 toddlers (83%) with less energy intake. The relationship between maternal knowledge about nutrition and the adequacy of energy intake among toddlers showed the correlation coefficient r = 0.06 and p = 0.97. Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between maternal knowledge about nutrition and the adequacy of energy intake among toddlers at Mopusi village. Keywords: mother’s knowledge about nutritions, energy intake, toddlers Abstrak: Kecukupan gizi atau kecukupan energi pada balita masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat terutama dinegara-negara berkembang dan negara miskin. Sebagai negara berkembang, Indonesia mempunyai masalah defisiensi makronutrien antara lain stunting, wasting dan underweight. Tingkat pengetahuan gizi seseorang ibu berpengaruh terhadap sikap dan perilaku dalam pemilihan makanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu dengan kecukupan asupan energi batita di Desa Mopusi Kecamatan Lolayan Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Induk. Jenis penelitian ialah korelasi dengan desain potong lintang. Responden penelitian ialah ibu yang memiliki batita usia 1-3 tahun dan berdomisili di Desa Mopusi pada bulan September 2014 – Desember 2014. Data dianalisis menggunakan SPSS. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan sebanyak 41 responden (45,6%) berpengetahuan gizi kurang. Mengenai kecukupan asupan energi dari 90 sampel penelitian terdapat 75 batita (83%) dengan asupan energi kurang. Hubungan pengetahuan gizi ibu dengan kecukupan asupan energi batita mendapatkan koefisien korelasi r= 0,06 dan p= 0,97. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara pengetahuan gizi ibu dengan kecukupan asupan energi batita di Desa Mopusi.Kata kunci: pengetahuan gizi ibu, asupan energi, batita.

scholarly journals MAYA INDEX DAN KEPADATAN LARVA AEDES AEGYPTI ANTARA DUSUN TEGALREJO DAN DUSUN KRAJAN KIDUL NANGGUNGAN PACITAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Yelly Atiefsa Narmala ◽  
R. Azizah
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Mosquito Breeding ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Dengue fever remains a public health problem. Environmental factors influence the mosquito Aedes aegypti’s growth, especially if there are many containers in the neighborhood. The community of Nanggungan Village have a habit of storing water in containers, therefore, they risk to become breeding sites for mosquitoes. This study aims to identify the Maya Index status of Aedes aegypti between Tegalrejo and Krajan Kidul Village. The research was observational with a cross-sectional design. Total samples were 200 homes, which 100 homes from Tegalrejo and 100 homes from Krajan Kidul Village, taken by simple random sampling. The measurement of variables employed observation sheet and analyzed in a descriptive approach. The number of containers observed in the Tegalrejo Village was 394 units, and Karajan Kidul Village was 391 units. Maya Index statuses in Tegalrejo (92%) and Krajan Kidul Village (88%) were low. Maya Index status in Krajan Kidul (13%) was higher than Tegalrejo Village (8%). House Index (HI) in the Tegalrejo (18.0%) was lower than Krajan Kidul Village (25.0%), Container Index in Tegalrejo (5.30%) was lower than in Krajan Kidul Village (8.95%), Breteau Index in Tegalrejo (21.0%) was lower than in Krajan Kidul Village (35.0%), Density Figure in Tegalrejo and Krajan Kidul Village indicated a scale of 3 and 4. Based on the MI’s status, Tegalrejo and Krajan Kidul Village were included as a low-risk category of mosquito breeding sites. Based on the density number of larvae, two villages have a moderate risk of Dengue Fever transmission. The community should implement the Mosquitoes Breeding Sites Eradication Program (PSN 3M Plus) and minimize the presence of the containers.

Sanitation of House and School, Personal Hygiene and Infection of Soil Transmitted Helminths among Elementary School Students

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Dina Merisa Damanik ◽  
Soeyoko Soeyoko ◽  
Adi Heru Sutomo
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Environmental Sanitation ◽  
Elementary School Age ◽  
Soil Transmitted Helminths ◽  
Influence Variable ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

<p>In Indonesia, soil transmitted helminths (STH) infection is still a public health problem particularly in the child of elementary school age. The high of that infection was also supported by low environmental sanitation and poor personal hygiene. STH infection is one of 10 great of frequent diseases in Palue Island and in this region still able can be found an adult worm in feces even from regurgitate. This was observational analytic study by cross sectional design. The location of the study was Palue Island, Sikka Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. The repondents of the study was 100 students of eight elementary school. Diagnosis of STH infection was establised based on worm eggs examination in feces used floatation method. Questionnaire, and check list were the instruments for collecting data in this study. There were significant relationship between house’s environmental sanitation (p=0.043), school’s environmental sanitation (p= 0.000), personal hygiene (p = 0.032) with STH infection among the students of elementary school in Palue Island, Sikka Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. Multivariate analysis obtained that personal hygiene was the most influence variable to the STH infection in this region.</p>

Self-management in Heart Failure: The Importance of Self-regulation but not Complexity of Condition

2021 ◽  
pp. 019394592199742
Author(s):  
Svetlana Zaharova ◽  
Kim Litwack ◽  
Sandeep Gopalakrishnan ◽  
Julie Ellis ◽  
Mitchell Todd Saltzberg
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Change Health Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Individual

Heart failure (HF) is a growing public health problem. Self-management (SM) of HF is an important component of chronic disease management. Guided by the Individual and Family Self-Management Theory (IFSMT), we examined the associations among complexity of condition, self-regulation, and self-efficacy mediation of SM behaviors in a population of HF outpatients. A cross-sectional design was used. Seventy-three outpatients with HF were enrolled. Simple and multiple linear regressions were run for each outcome variable. Only self-regulation was significantly associated with SM behavior. Complexity of condition was not significantly associated with SM behavior. There was no mediation by self-efficacy. Future nursing interventions should explore self-regulation in HF to provide a clearer understanding of the processes used to change health behavior. SM may be particularly useful in HF with preserved ejection fraction (EF), where there is no proven pharmacological treatment.

scholarly journals DEPRESI PADA IBU-IBU YANG MEMPUNYAI ANAK CACAT YANG BERSEKOLAH DI YAYASAN PEMBINAAN ANAK CACAT (YPAC) MANADO

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Herdy Munayang ◽  
L. F.J. Kandou ◽  
Novie Rampengan ◽  
Melisa E. Sumarauw
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Disabled Children ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hamilton Depression Rating Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Human Function ◽  
Accompanying Symptoms

Abstract: According to data from the WHO, depression is still a serious public health problem. Depression is a disorder of human function related to feelings of sadness and its accompanying symptoms including alterations of sleep, appetite, psychomotor, concentration, anhedonia, and fatigue patterns. This study aimed to obtain degrees of depression by using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) among mothers of disabled children who were studying at the Center for Disabled Children (YPAC) Manado. This was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design. There were 35 samples meeting the inclusion criteria. The results showed that by using the HDRS there were seven respondents (20%) showing normal personality and 28 respondents (80%) suffering from depression, mostly between the ages of 29-45 years (62.85%). From samples suffering from depression, there were 20 respondents (71.4%) with mild depression, seven (25%) with moderate depression, and one with severe depression (3.6%). Conclusion: A high number of  mothers, especially at the ages of 29-45 years, of disabled children who were studying at YPAC Manado showed several degrees of depression. Among the depressed mothers, most suffered from mild depression. Keywords: mother, depression, disabled children, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS).     Abstrak: Menurut data WHO, depresi masih merupakan masalah kesehatan dunia yang serius. Depresi adalah terganggunya fungsi manusia yang berkaitan dengan alam perasaan sedih dan gejala penyertanya, termasuk perubahan pola tidur, nafsu makan, psikomotor, konsentrasi, anhedonia, dan kelelahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan  untuk mendapatkan angka kejadian dan tingkat depresi dengan menggunakan Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) pada para ibu yang memiliki anak cacat yang bersekolah di Yayasan Pembinaan Anak Cacat (YPAC) Manado. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode potong lintang. Sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi berjumlah 35 orang. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa dengan menggunakan Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) terdapat tujuh responden berkepribadian normal dan 28 responden dengan depresi berbagai tingkat, terutama pada usia 29-45 tahun. Depresi ringan ditemukan sebesar 71,4%, depresi sedang 25%, dan depresi berat 3,6%. Simpulan: Sebagian besar ibu yang memiliki anak cacat yang bersekolah di YPAC Manado mengalami depresi, terutama depresi ringan. Kata kunci: ibu, depresi, anak cacat, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS).

scholarly journals Filariasis Limfatik di Kelurahan Pabean Kota Pekalongan

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Tri Ramadhani
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Lymphatic Filariasis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Wuchereria Bancrofti ◽  
Disease Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Behavior ◽  
Clinical Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Filariasis limfatik masih merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia, khususnya di Kota Pekalongan. Hal ini ditandai dengan semakin meningkatnya angka mikrofilaria dan perluasan daerah dengan kasus filariasis limfatik.Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui situasi filariasis limfatik diKelurahan Pabean Kota Pekalongan. Penelitian ini meliputi penduduk dan agent, dalam periode sekitar enam bulan (Juli-Desember 2007) dengan disain studi cross sectional. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pemeriksaan klinis, survei darah jari dan identifikasi parasit penyebab filariasis limfatik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan angka mikrofilaria (3,4) angka kesakitan akut filaria (0,4 %) yang tinggi, tetapi angka kesakitan kronis filaria rendah (0,00 %). Parasit penyebabfilariasis di Kelurahan Pabean adalah jenis Wuchereria bancrofti dengan kepadatan rerata mikrofilaria yang tinggi. Pengendalian filariasis limfatik di Kelurahan Pabean perlu dilakukan dengan pengobatan massal dan perubahan perilaku masyarakat.Kata kunci : Filariasis limfatik, kelurahan pabean, mikrofilaria.AbstractLymphatic filariasis is still being a public health problem in Indonesia, especially in Pekalongan district. This problem marked by the increasing rate of microfilaria and areas with lymphatic filariasis. The aim of this study is to know the epidemiologic situation of lymphatic filariasis in Pabean village Pekalongan district. The research was a cross-sectional design and covered host and agent within the period of July-Desember 2007. Data were collected through clinical survey of acute and chronic filariasis symptoms, blood survey and identification of lymphatic filariasis parasite. The result showed that microfilaremia rate was 3,4%, acute disease rate (ADR) 0,4 % and the chronic disease rate (CDR) 0,00 %. The average of microfilaria density in 1 ml blood was 465,63. Based onmicrofilaremia identification in the blood, the lymphatic filariasis agent in Pabean village is Wuchereria bancrofti type. Lymphatic filariasis control in Pabean village need to focused on Mass Drug Administration (MDA) and community behavior for healthy life.Key words : Lymphatic filariasis, pabean village, microfilaria.

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