scholarly journals Employment and migration problems of rural youth in the Republic of Kalmykia

2020 ◽  
pp. 669-678
Author(s):  
Nogan V. Badmaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Youth ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Educational Migration ◽  
And Migration

Migration of rural youth is a topical problem in Kalmykia. The purpose of the article is to analyze the reasons for the migration of rural youth, to identify the factors influencing the return of young people to the countryside, their desire to stay and work there. The main research methods are quantitative survey and in-depth interview. The analysis of the study results showed that more than half of the respondents want to leave their village or settlement. The main push factors for migration from rural areas are low wages, lack of jobs, underdeveloped infrastructure, lack of good quality medical care, etc. In most cases, educational migration is irrevocable. For some of the respondents, ‘educational migration’ begins earlier, because there are no senior grades at schools in their settlement or village, or they want to get a high-quality secondary education and to have the possibility to prepare for entering a university or specialized secondary school. The main factor influencing the return of young people to the countryside is the availability of jobs with decent wages, the possibility to have their own housing, as well as the developed of social sphere and sphere of leisure. The obtained results can be used in regional programs for the development of rural areas. Analysis of measures aimed at attracting youth to rural areas in other regions showed it is necessaryly to develop programs aimed at establishing interaction with school graduates and elaborating financial mechanisms to support students. It is also critical to resolve the issue of guaranteed financing of sectoral programs to attract young people to rural areas.

scholarly journals Sociological Analysis of Migration Attitudes of Rural School Graduates

REGIONOLOGY ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-183
Author(s):  
Anna A. Vyalshina ◽  
Svetlana T. Dakirova
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Rural Youth ◽  
Rural School ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Saratov Region ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Parents And Children

Introduction. The article presents an analysis of migration attitudes of rural school graduates in the Saratov Region and reveals the factors shaping such attitudes. A study into the migration intentions of rural youth and the differences in the prerequisites for their formation, as well as into the personal characteristics of young villagers with different migration attitudes will contribute to the development of effective mechanisms to prevent negative trends. Materials and Methods. The study based on the results of the applied sociological study “Parents and Children in Rural Families” conducted by the Institute of Agrarian Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2017. Graduates of the 11th grade of rural schools in the Saratov Region were the object of the study. Questionnaire survey was the main research method employed. The results were interpreted using the SPSS 17.0 application software package. Results. Migration intentions of the rural school graduates planning to leave for work in Moscow are due to high educational achievements and orientations for higher education, as well as to a set of values associated with achieving stability and success through self-fulfillment and finding an interesting job. Young villagers planning to move to the city for permanent residence seek to improve their social status through education, profession, finding a suitable job and settling in the urban environment. The motives of the young people planning to return to the village are associated with their desire to live in a familiar environment and a like-minded milieu, and to improve their social status through acquisition of power and its attendant attributes in their home village after receiving education. Discussion and Conclusion. As a result, a conclusion can be draw n that it is necessary to adopt a differentiated approach to the development of tools for improvement of the demographic situation in the rural areas of a region, depending on the needs and interests of young people with different migration intentions. The results of the study also make it possible to better understand the current trends in the change of the causes of social mobility of rural youth.

scholarly journals Modern Youth of Kalmykia: Attitude to Agricultural Labor (Based on the Materials of the 2019)

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
Ludmila Namrueva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Rural Youth ◽  
Migration Behavior ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
The Republic

The development of rural settlements is interrelated with the state of population reproduction. Various aspects of life in rural areas, including the development of its economic and social sphere, are usually described by demographic indicators. The deterioration of economic and social conditions in rural areas increases the migration behavior of rural residents. Young people aged 18–35 are most susceptible to migration aspirations. The negative social changes that have been taking place in the Republic of Kalmykia for three decades (1990–2010) have significantly affected the irrevocable migration of young people to other regions of Russia, as well as to foreign countries. Youth unemployment, growing social stratification, and a prolonged lack of social elevators increase the gap between actively advertised opportunities for success, a career in 2–-30 years, and the social experience of the younger generation. Rural youth of the Republic of Kalmykia have long been deprived of the necessary resources to realize themselves on their native land. This article deals with the problems related to the desire / unwillingness of rural youth of the Republic of Kalmykia to work in the agricultural sector, migration behavior, and life strategies of young people. Natives of the village, for the most part, do not want to engage in agricultural work, to continue the traditions of their ancestors in raising livestock. The article concludes that the measures taken in the region to address the personnel policy in the agricultural sector are ineffective. Young livestock and plant breeders need state support, as they ensure the country's food security not only in the near future, but also in the long term. The author uses materials of the Republican newspaper "Halmg unn" for 2019, which reveal the problems of young villagers, their plans to engage in animal husbandry – the traditional type of work of the Kalmyks.

Some reflections on social structure: Theoretical and practical aspects

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1063-1078
Author(s):  
T.N. Skorobogatova ◽  
I.Yu. Marakhovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Service Industry ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
The Impact

Subject. This article discusses the role of social infrastructure in the national economy and analyzes the relationship between the notions of Infrastructure, Service Industry and Non-Productive Sphere. Objectives. The article aims to outline a methodology for development of the social infrastructure of Russia's regions. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of statistical and comparative analyses. The Republic of Crimea and Rostov Oblast's social infrastructure development was considered as a case study. Results. The article finds that the level of social infrastructure is determined by a number of internal and external factors. By analyzing and assessing such factors, it is possible to develop promising areas for the social sphere advancement. Conclusions. Assessment and analysis of internal factors largely determined by the region's characteristics, as well as a comprehensive consideration of the impact of external factors will help ensure the competitiveness of the region's economy.

Cоциальная мобильность и миграционные настроения сельской молодежи региона (по результатам социологического исследования)

2020 ◽  
pp. 227-243
Author(s):  
Nogan V. Badmaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Main Channel ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Life Plans ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
The Republic

The article presents the results of the sociological survey of the young rural population of the Republic of Kalmykia on the problems of migration. The study analyzes the main goals and directions of the migration of young people. The results of the survey showed that the basic factors of the migration from rural areas are low level salaries, lack of work places, undeveloped infrastructure. The low level of social conditions is also one of the factors of migration of young people. The majority of the respondents plan to live in metropolises of Russia. No one of the respondents wants to live in a rural area. Thus, the analysis of the survey results showed that for young rural population the main channel for mobility is migration. It is important to note that rural area settlements have low level of attractiveness and prestige among contemporary young people which is due to low quality and level of life and the lack of preconditions for implementing life plans and strategies of the young people of the region.

scholarly journals Improving the Quality of Training of Engineering Personnel for the Agro-Industrial Complex

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00130
Author(s):  
Farida Nezhmetdinova ◽  
Ayrat Valiev ◽  
Guzel Fassakhova ◽  
Bulat Ziganshin ◽  
Andrey Dmitriev
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Career Guidance ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Engineering Personnel

The article notes the need to improve the quality of engineering personnel training for the agricultural economy. This is due to the fact that the development of modern agricultural production and the sharply accelerated processes of developing and implementing innovative technologies in production against the background of increasing attention to digital technologies in agriculture require a radical modernization of the technical base of the agricultural sector of the economy. The article presents the concept of agricultural classes for young people in rural areas. This concept represents a positive experience of early involvement of young people in agricultural specialties and especially engineering personnel. A special feature of this approach is the involvement of specific agricultural producers, who are anchor employers in these territories, in the early career guidance of young people. The importance of agricultural classes is that already at school, the student can form his attitude to agriculture and by the time of graduation decided what profession and specialty he wants to master. The connection between school and university formed with the help of agricultural classes helps today's students to make a choice that will determine their future life. And its correctness depends not only on the future of one person, but also on the agriculture of the country as a whole. The article presents the experience of creating and operating agricultural classes created in the Republic of Tatarstan (Russia) by Kazan State Agrarian University, which can be replicated for other countries and will help reduce the negative trends of the shortage of qualified engineering personnel for agricultural production.

scholarly journals Relevant issues of social and economic stability of rural areas of the Republic of Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
A.B. Kizimbayeva ◽  
◽  
B.S. Saubetova ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Employment Level ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State And Local ◽  
And Migration

The article reveals theoretical and methodological aspects of assessing the sustainable development of rural areas in Kazakhstan. In the course of the analysis, the authors revealed that economically stable and socially developed rural areas will become the basis of stability, independence and food security of the country. Changes in the number of rural population, natural growth and migration growth in recent years have been analyzed. The main socio-economic indicators of development of the Kazakh countryside are presented. The authors state that the losses are mainly observed in the spheres of professional, scientific and technical activities. It is concluded that the problems of improving the level and quality of life in the countryside should not be solved by the old costly methods. The conditions and opportunities for the development of rural areas are diverse in the republic. In this regard, studies aimed at assessing the potential of rural settlements, as well as the effectiveness of the activities of State and local authorities in ensuring sustainable development of rural areas, become relevant. The generalization of literary sources and foreign experience showed the importance of the main directions of public support for rural residents, the implementation of which contributes to the efficient use of agricultural resources, modernization of production and development of innovative technologies, formation of conditions for the intensive development of small business and entrepreneurship in rural areas, the increase in the employment level of rural residents due to expanding the scope of non-agricultural activities and more fully involving rural labor resources in economic turnover, increasing their level of income.

Videoconferencing training for those working with at-risk young people in rural areas of Western Australia

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Haythornthwaite
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Young People ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Rural Youth ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Training Initiative ◽  
Professional Isolation

summary Rural Links is a videoconference training initiative developed for those who work with at-risk young people in remote and rural regions of Western Australia. The training programme was run twice (in parallel) for two groups of participants: 17 workers from the Great Southern and South West regions of Western Australia and 15 workers from the Wheatbelt, Pilbara and Kimberley regions of Western Australia. The programme consisted of seven 2 h sessions presented over 12 weeks. Objectives of the training programme centred on increasing participants’ knowledge and confidence in relation to the training topics. The initiative also aimed to enhance consultation between rural youth networks and a metropolitan-based youth mental health service (YouthLink). Analyses indicated that there were improvements in workers’ knowledge and confidence in relation to training topics following participation in the programme. Comparisons of the improvements made by these rural participants, who accessed training via videoconferencing, and metropolitan participants, who accessed training face to face, revealed few significant differences. Rural participants reported high levels of satisfaction, decreased feelings of professional isolation and an increased likelihood of accessing YouthLink for consultative support as a result of completing the Rural Links training programme.

scholarly journals The Kindness of Strangers: Exploring Interdependencies and Shared Mobilities of Elderly People in Rural Japan

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 183-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuyo (Jenny) Yamamoto ◽  
Junyi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Older People ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Personal Relationships ◽  
Current Policy ◽  
Cultural Attitudes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
And Migration

For over forty years, most residents in rural areas of Japan have relied on private vehicles to meet their mobility needs. Today, however, the rapid ageing of the population, coupled with low birth rates and migration of young people to urban areas, is posing a variety of new transport challenges. Most notably, the proportion of drivers to non-drivers is getting smaller. This means that non-drivers who relied on family and neighbours for trips in the past, as well as elderly residents who give up their licenses, have fewer people to drive them. Current policy debates tend to focus on technological “solutions”, and underestimate the complex social, cultural and inter-personal relationships which underlie transport dependencies in these environments. Using a qualitative semi-structured survey, the current study explores the current mobilities of older people living in a small rural district in Shimane Prefecture, Japan. The resulting analysis reveals how cultural attitudes and social norms affect the ways in which older people manage their mobilities.

scholarly journals The Future of Rurality: Place Attachment among Young Inhabitants of Two Rural Communities of Mediterranean Central Chile

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 546
Author(s):  
Paulina Rodríguez-Díaz ◽  
Rocío Almuna ◽  
Carla Marchant ◽  
Sally Heinz ◽  
Roxana Lebuy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Young People ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Place Attachment ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Rural Youth ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Agricultural Communities ◽  
Connectedness To Nature

Rural livelihoods are under threat, not only from climate change and soil erosion but also because young people in rural areas are increasingly moving to urbanized areas, seeking employment and education opportunities. In the Valparaiso region of Chile, megadrought, soil degradation, and industrialization are driving young people to leave agricultural and livestock activities. In this study, our main objective was to identify the factors influencing young people living in two rural agricultural communities (Valle Hermoso and La Vega). We conducted 90 online surveys of young people aged 13–24 to evaluate their interest in living in the countryside (ILC). We assessed the effect of community satisfaction, connectedness to nature, and social valuation of rural livelihoods on the ILC. The results show that young people were more likely to stay living in the countryside when they felt satisfied and safe in their community, felt a connection with nature, and were surrounded by people who enjoyed the countryside. These results highlight the relevance of promoting place attachment and the feeling of belonging within the rural community. Chilean rural management and local policies need to focus on rural youth and highlight the opportunities that the countryside provides for them.

scholarly journals STATE POLICY OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN TO ENSURE THE INTERNATIONAL CONSENT AND TOLERANCE IN SOCIETY

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
Rakhbar Khamidovna Murtazaeva
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Key Words ◽  
State Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Important Condition ◽  
Interethnic Relations ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Migration

The article, based on official documents, reveals the state policy in the field of interethnic relations in Uzbekistan at the present stage. The experience of Uzbekistan in maintaining stability in interethnic relations and friendship between representatives of more than 130 peoples living in the republic is shown, and a conclusion is drawn about the Uzbek model of interethnic harmony. It is also emphasized that in historically multi-ethnic Uzbekistan, tolerance is the basis of mutual understanding and harmony in society, the most important condition for finding compromises and overcoming conflicts. The article describes the problems and specific tasks in the field of interethnic relations that arose in the context of globalization, integration and migration. KEY WORDS: Interethnic harmony, tolerance, the Uzbek model of interethnic harmony, interethnic tolerance, confrontation in information and cyberspace, educating young people in the spirit of tolerance.

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