scholarly journals Perfil das Intoxicações Medicamentosas Notificadas ao SINAN no Município de Primavera do Leste – MT, Entre os Anos de 2007 a 2014

Author(s):  
Vivian Tallita Pinheiro Santana ◽  
Eliane Aparecida Suchara ◽  
Roberta Carreto ◽  
Phelipe Magalhães Duarte

O conhecimento do perfil epidemiológico das intoxicações medicamentosas é um importante guia para a gestão de recursos destinados ao planejamento e à implementação de ações que previnam a ocorrência desse agravo. O presente trabalho buscou estudar o perfil das intoxicações medicamentosas ocorridas no município de Primavera do Leste-MT, entre 2007 a 2014. Foram avaliados dados secundários registrados no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN), que permitiram a realização de um estudo epidemiológico descritivo e transversal em que se analisaram informações referentes ao perfil das vítimas (idade, sexo) e dos casos (circunstâncias, tipo de exposição e evolução dos casos). Registraram-se 52 casos, destes 73,1% (n=38) são vítimas do gênero feminino e 26,9% (n=14) do masculino. As intoxicações com medicamentos ocorreram em quase todas as faixas etárias (01 a 64 anos), porém a maioria das vítimas possuía entre 20 a 39 anos (n=26; 50%) e 15 a 19 (17,3%; n=9). As circunstâncias relacionadas às intoxicações foram: 73,1% (n=38) por tentativa de suicídio, 15,4% (n=8) por uso acidental e os demais pelo uso habitual, abuso, automedicação e violência/homicídio. Em 82,7% (n= 43) dos casos, as exposições foram agudas e únicas, em 9,6% (n=5) agudas repetidas, não sendo registrada exposição crônica. 84,6% (n= 44) das intoxicações evoluíram para cura sem sequelas. Registrou-se um óbito em função da tentativa de suicídio. As intoxicações por medicamentos são frequentes e representam um importante problema de saúde pública, que necessita de ações preventivas e educativas com foco nas vítimas e circunstâncias mais frequentes. Palavras-chave: Suicídio. Abuso de Medicamentos. Automedicação. AbstractKnowledge of the epidemiological profile of drug intoxications (Notification of Injury Information System) is an important guide for the resources management  intended to the planning and implementation of actions that prevent the occurrence of this outcome. The present study aimed to describe the drug intoxications profile occurring in the municipality of Primavera do Leste -MT, between 2007 and 2014. Secondary data recorded in  SINAN (Information System for Notifiable Diseases) were used to conduct a descriptive and cross - sectional epidemiological study in which information was analyzed regarding the victims’ profile (age, sex) and cases (circumstances, type of exposure and evolution of cases). There were 52 cases, of which 73.1% (n = 38) were females and 26.9% (n = 14) males. Drug intoxications occurred in almost all age groups (01 to 64 years), but the most of the  were between 20 and 39 years (n = 26; 50%) and 15 to 19 (17.3%; n = 9). The circumstances related to intoxication were: 73.1% (n = 38) for attempted suicide, 15.4% (n = 8) for accidental use and the others for habitual use, abuse, self-medication and violence / homicide. In 82.7% (n = 43) of the cases the exposures were acute and single, in 9.6% (n = 5) repeated acute, and chronic exposure was not recorded. 84.6% (n = 44) of intoxications evolved to cure without sequelae. A death was recorded due to suicide attempt. Drugs intoxications are frequent and represent a relevant public health problem that requires preventive and educational actions with a focus on the most frequent victims and circumstances. Keywords: Suicide. Drug Misuse.Self-Medication.

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Claudiana Aguilar Gonçalves ◽  
Cleide Avilar Gonçalves ◽  
Valdeir Areia dos Santos Areia Dos Santos ◽  
Leandro Sarturi ◽  
André Tomaz Terra Júnior

As intoxicações medicamentosas esta se tornando um problema alarmante de saúde publica segundo publicado pelo Sistema Nacional de Informações Tóxico-Farmacológicas (SINITOX) Os medicamentos ocupam o primeiro lugar nas intoxicações no Brasil. O propósito do presente artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão bibliográfica dos casos de intoxicações medicamentosas envolvendo todas faixas etárias e as causas determinantes. Fazendo necessária destacar o papel do Profissional farmacêutico, para dispensarão orientação alem de prestar Assistência farmacêutica quanto ao uso racional de medicamentos em todos os aspectos da farmacoterapia. ABSTRACT: Drug intoxications are becoming an alarming public health problem as published by the National Toxic-Pharmacological Information System (SINITOX). Medicines are the number one poisoning in Brazil. The purpose of this article is to carry out a bibliographical review of the cases of drug intoxications involving all age groups and the determining causes. Making it necessary to highlight the role of the pharmaceutical professional, for dispensing guidance as well as providing pharmaceutical assistance regarding the rational use of drugs in all aspects of pharmacotherapy. This study is a review of the literature covering drug intoxications, indiscriminate drug use and self-medication. The main causes of this problem are the abusive use of the drug due to lack of knowledge about its dosage and administration, prescription errors and self-medication.


2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Darci Ramos Fernandes ◽  
Edenilde Alves dos Santos ◽  
Adely Fátima Dutra Vieira Araújo ◽  
Claudio Zannoni ◽  
Ana Hélia de Lima Sardinha ◽  
...  

Nas últimas décadas as epidemias de dengue têm sido responsáveis por um número elevado de casos de mortalidade no mundo, tornando-se um grave problema de saúde pública. Países de climas tropicais são mais afetados devido às condições ambientais, climáticas e sociais, tendo o clima como fator importante na distribuição temporal e espacial de doenças transmitidas por vetores, especificamente a dengue. Este estudo epidemiológico, observacional, descritivo e seccional objetiva descrever as características epidemiológicas da dengue em São Luís - Maranhão, Brasil, no período de 2000 a 2007. Foram analisados 10.792 casos registrados no período pelo Sistema de Informação de Arquivos de Notificação (SINAN). Verificou-se que a prevalência da dengue apresentou constante variação sendo que a maior incidência foi no sexo feminino e os mais acometidos foram indivíduos na faixa etária de 20 a 34 anos. A análise revelou um perfil endêmico com picos que merecem atenção e esforço das autoridades sanitárias e da população em geral para a solução do problema.Palavras-chave: Dengue. Epidemiologia. Vigilância epidemiológica.EPIDEMIOLOGY OF DENGUE FEVER IN SÃO LUÍS - MARANHÃO, BRAZIL, FROM 2000 TO 2007Abstract: In recent decades dengue fever epidemics have been responsible for a high number of mortalities in the world, becoming a serious public health problem. Countries with tropical climates are more affected due to environmental, social and climate conditions, taking the weather as an important factor in the temporal and spatial distribution of vector-borne diseases, especially dengue fever. This is an epidemiological, observational and cross-sectional study aimed to describe the epidemiological characteristics of dengue fever in São Luís - Maranhão, Brazil, in the period of 2000 to 2007. Secondary data from the Information System of Notification Files (SINAN) were analyzed. 10,792 cases recorded in the period in Information System Files Notification (SINAN) were analyzed. It was found that the prevalence of dengue fever presented constant variation being the higher incidence in females and the most affected were individuals aged 20- 34 years. The analysis revealed an endemic profile with peaks that deserve attention and efforts of health authorities and the general population for the solution of the problem.Keywords: Dengue fever. Epidemiology. Epidemiological supervision.EPIDEMIOLOGÍA DE DENGUE EN SÃO LUÍS - MARANHÃO, BRASIL, 2000 A 2007Resumen: En las últimas décadas, las epidemias de dengue han sido responsables de un elevado número de muertes en el mundo, convirtiéndose en un grave problema de salud pública. Los países tropicales se ven más afectados por las condiciones ambientales y climáticas teniendo el clima como un factor importante en la distribución temporal y espacial de las enfermedades transmitidas por vectores, especialmente del dengue. Se trata de un estudio epidemiológico, observacional descriptivo y seccional; y tiene como objetivo  el describir las características epidemiológicas del dengue en São Luís - Maranhão, Brasil, en el período 2000-2007. Se analizaron 10.792 casos registrados en el período en el Sistema de Información de Archivos  de Notificación (SINAN). Se encontró que la prevalencia de dengue presenta constantes variaciones es que la incidencia fue mayor en las mujeres y los más afectados fueron las personas de entre 20-34 años. El análisis reveló un perfil endémico con picos que merecen la atención y los esfuerzos de las autoridades sanitarias y la población en general para la solución del problema.Palabras clave: Dengue. Epidemiología. Vigilancia epidemiológica.


2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 607-614
Author(s):  
Natália Rodrigues Costa ◽  
Rafaella Menegazzo Oneda ◽  
Cecília Albertoni Rohenkohl ◽  
Leonardo Saraiva ◽  
Luciana Kase Tanno ◽  
...  

SUMMARY BACKGROUND To determine the epidemiological profile of measles in Brasil from 2013 to 2018, and to evaluate the possible association between increased number of cases and vaccination coverage. METHODS This is an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study with quantitative approach, carried out through analysis of secondary data collected through the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN), in the National Immunization Program (PNI). RESULTS The total number of reported cases was 10,886, with the year 2018 having the highest number (10,185). In the North macro-region (93.4%), male (55.53%), autochthonous cases from the city of residence (94.42%) and laboratory confirmation (99.09%) predominated. Regarding the age group, it was observed that in the period from 2013 to 2015 the highest prevalence occurred in <1 year, with 44.5%, 40.6% and 29.0%, respectively, while in 2018, the highest rate was in the 20-29 age group with 24.2%. Vaccination coverage was below 95%, except for SCR - D1 (first dose of triple viral) in the years 2013 to 2016. Regarding the outcome, there was a limited number of deaths secondary to measles (0.12%). CONCLUSIONS There was an exponential growth in the number of measles cases in Brasil in 2018, which represents a public health problem. In view of this, it is necessary to implement measures such as broad vaccination coverage and sanitary control at the borders, in order to reduce the incidence of this disease and, consequently, the number of deaths.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajad Vahedi ◽  
Amin Torabipour ◽  
Amirhossein Takian ◽  
Saeed Mohammadpur ◽  
Alireza Olyaeemanesh ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Unmet need is a critical indicator of access to healthcare services. Despite concrete evidence about unmet need in Iran’s health system, no recent evidence of this negative outcome is available. This study aimed to measure the subjective unmet need (SUN), the factors associated with it and various reasons behind it in Iran. Methods We used the data of 13,005 respondents over the age of 15 from the Iranian Utilization of Healthcare Services Survey in 2016. SUN was defined as citizens whose needs were not sought through formal healthcare services, while they did not show a history of self-medication. The reasons for SUN were categorized into availability, accessibility, responsibility and acceptability of the health system. The multivariable logistic regression was used to determine significant predictors of SUN and associated major reasons. Results About 17% of the respondents (N = 2217) had unmet need for outpatient services. Nearly 40% of the respondents chose only accessibility, 4% selected only availability, 78% chose only responsibility, and 13% selected only acceptability as the main reasons for their unmet need. Higher outpatient needs was the only factor that significantly increased SUN, responsibility-related SUN and acceptability-related SUN. Low education was associated with higher SUN and responsibility-related SUN, while it could also reduce acceptability-related SUN. While SUN and responsibility-related SUN were prevalent among lower economic quintiles, having a complementary insurance was associated with decreased SUN and responsibility-related SUN. The people with basic insurance had lower chances to face with responsibility-related SUN, while employed individuals were at risk to experience SUN. Although the middle-aged group had higher odds to experience SUN, the responsibility-related SUN were prevalent among elderly, while higher age groups had significant chance to be exposed to acceptability-related SUN. Conclusion It seems that Iran is still suffering from unmet need for outpatient services, most of which emerges from its health system performance. The majority of the unmet health needs could be addressed through improving financial as well as organizational policies. Special attention is needed to address the unmet need among individuals with poor health status.


2021 ◽  
pp. 219256822098256
Author(s):  
Anderson Gomes Marin ◽  
Raphael de Rezende Pratali ◽  
Samuel Machado Marin ◽  
Carlos Fernando Pereira da Silva Herrero

Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Objectives: Thus, this study aimed to assess the epidemiological profile of a patient sample that underwent spinal surgery regarding their nutritional and vitamin D status. Methods: Serum albumin and vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D) levels were measured in patients with different spinal surgical approaches and various pathologies at a single institution. 112 patients were retrospectively identified for inclusion and stratified by age into 4 age groups and by pathology. The nutritional status of the patients was classified in vitamin D inadequacy (< 30ng/mL), vitamin D deficiency (<20ng/mL), and hypoalbuminemia (<3.5g/dL). Data was analyzed comparing vitamin D, and albumin means considering gender, age group, and pathologies. Results: Twenty-eight (25.2%) patients had hypoalbuminemia. There was no difference between gender (p = 0.988); there was a significant decrease in albumin concentration increasing the age (p < 0.001). The prevalence of hypoalbuminemia was significantly higher in patients with trauma, tumor and infection than in those patients with degenerative and deformity diseases (p = 0.003). The prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy was 33.7%, and that of deficiency was 62.2%, while severe deficiency (< 10 ng/mL) in 16.3%. The vitamin D concentration was significantly different among the pathologies (P = 0.047), the lower concentration occurring in patients with tumor. Conclusion: Older patients, as well as patients with tumor and infectious pathologies, seem to have a higher prevalence of hypoalbuminemia, inferring malnutrition. There was a low epidemic level of vitamin D concentration, almost all patients presenting some degree of hypovitaminosis D, independent of age, gender and nutritional status.


2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Aminatul Fitria

Cataract is the leading cause of 51% blindness case in the world. Cataract can only be cured trough surgery, but most people with cataract in Indonesia is not in undergoing surgery due to several factors. The increasing number of cataract victim whose not undergoing any treatment to cure them will resulting in increasing number of blindness case, so blindness cause by cataracts can be a public health problem. This research was conducted to determine the relationship of age, attitudes, knowledge and the cost of the action to perform cataract surgery. This research was an observational analytic study with cross sectional design. The samples were cataract patients in Undaan Eye Hospital Surabaya who were randomly selected using a simple random sampling based on medical records of 60 people. Data collection was done by taking secondary data and interviews to patients. Those variables was analyzed with chi square or Fisher’s exact with significancy level at 95%. The result showed that there were correlation between knowledge (p = 0.017), operating costs (p = 0.001) and attitude (0.000) while age was not related (p = 1.000), the actions to perform cataract surgery. The conclusion from this research was the attitude, knowledge and operating costs related to the actions to perform cataract surgery, while age was not related to the actions to perform cataract surgery. It is recommended to give through leaflets or other media in the lobby for improving patient education, counseling to the patient family, the doctor’s advice to convince patient for surgery.Keywords: practice, surgery, cataract, attitudes, costs


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raissa Barreto Lima ◽  
Thaís Machado Belitardo de Carvalho ◽  
Matheus Campos Ribeiro de Souza ◽  
Lara Teixeira de Oliveira ◽  
Ana Carolina Pachêco de Menezes Rios ◽  
...  

Background: Neural tuberculosis is an infection of the central nervous system caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Bearing in mind that neural tuberculosis is the most severe form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and results in significant morbidity and mortality rates, it is important to analyze its sociodemographic characteristics in Brazil. Objectives: To describe the sociodemographic characteristics of neural tuberculosis cases in Brazil in the period from 2010 to 2020. Design and Setting: Cross-sectional, retrospective, and descriptive study, carried out using data collected from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) and the Hospital Information System (SIH / SUS) of confirmed cases and hospitalizations for neural tuberculosis. Methods: Variables used: region, sex, age group, color/race and year of service. Results: In the period from 2010 to 2020, the number of notified cases of meningoencephalic tuberculosis was 7.451, with mean cases per year of 677.36. The Southeast region was the most affected with 43.8% of the total cases, followed by the South and Northeast regions, with 24.1% and 20.1%, respectively. There was a wide predominance in individuals aged 30-39 years (42.8%) and in the age group 40-59 years (35.9%). The male sex was the most affected with 63.3% of the total. Conclusions: The study shows a predominance of cases in the South and Southeast regions, with a significant prevalence of males and age groups of 20- 59. This could be an alert for new prevention and health promotion strategies for the most affected groups.


2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uchenna C. Atowa ◽  
Alvin J. Munsamy ◽  
Samuel O. Wajuihian

Aim: To study the prevalence of myopia among school children in Aba, Nigeria.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in public and private (primary and secondary) schools. A multi-stage random sampling technique was used for selecting participants aged between 8 and 15 years from 12 schools in Aba, Nigeria. Data were analysed for 1197 children who underwent a comprehensive eye examination. The children were divided according to the following criteria: age groups (group 1 [8–11 years] or group 2 [12–15 years]), gender (male or female), level of education (primary or secondary) and type of school (public or private). Myopia was defined as spherical equivalent refraction (SER) ≤ -0.50 D in the poorer eye.Results: The prevalence of myopia was estimated to be 2.7%. Of the 96 children with refractive error, 78.1% were uncorrected. In using logistic regression analysis, risk of developing myopia was associated with older age groups (odds ratio [OR]: 1.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.16–9.11; p < 0.010) and higher level of education (OR: 1.73; 95% CI, 1.05–2.86; p < 0.030). There was no significant difference in myopia prevalence between male and female children (p = 0.89).Conclusion: Although the prevalence of myopia and overall prevalence of refractive error in school children in Aba were low, the high prevalence of uncorrected refractive error is a significant public health problem. An effective and sustainable children’s vision screening programme is needed to prevent visual impairment and blindness.


Author(s):  
Jyothi Veleshala ◽  
Varun Malhotra

Background: Tobacco use is a major public health problem. The prevalence of tobacco use among men has been reported to be high (generally exceeding 50%) from almost all parts of India. “The Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products (Prohibition of Advertisement and Regulation of Trade and Commerce, Production, Supply, and Distribution) Act 2003”, which came into effect since 1st May 2004. Information on knowledge, attitudes, and practices of population regarding COTPA is necessary to effectively implement the legislation. Hence the present study was undertaken.Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional community-based survey carried out in urban slums of Nalgonda town. Data was collected using a structured schedule by interviewing 300 participants, aged above 15 years.Results: The current use of any tobacco was reported by 45.7% of the participants. Overall awareness of COTPA was 58.2%. Marital status, type of family, unemployment, Illiterates, lower SES, and age had a significant influence on tobacco use. Television (77.05%) was the major source of awareness regarding COTPA. The majority of smokers were aware of various sections of COTPA (>50%). About 34.8% of the participants had a favorable attitude towards COTPA. The positive attitude was more (53.7%) towards the display of health warnings on tobacco products among smokers. 11.2% had paid penalty for violation of the act and 32.4% have noticed a reduction in their habit to some extent.Conclusions: A concerted effort has to be made to increase the awareness of the act amongst the vulnerable population.


2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 349-357
Author(s):  
Raphaela Costa Ferreira ◽  
Bruna Merten Padilha ◽  
Yasmin Eugênia Santos e Silva Pedrosa ◽  
Rosielle Batista Ferreira ◽  
Poliana Coelho Cabral ◽  
...  

Study design: This was a cross-sectional, population-based and descriptive study. Study objective: To describe the clinical and epidemiological profile of hypertensive patients at the primary health care of Alagoas state. Methods: This study was carried out in the Basic Health Units of 12 cities of Alagoas, between 2014 and 2015, with hypertensive individuals between 20 and 60 years, of both gender. Socioeconomic, demographic, clinical, lifestyle, anthropometric and biochemical data were collected. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics by Epi-Info version 7. Results: We evaluated 645 individuals. Of these, 86.2% were women, 62.3% had uncontrolled blood pressure, 41.9% had low educational level, 11.1% were smokers, 26.3% were alcohol users, 64.7% were sedentary, 48.4% were obese, 73.6% had high cardiovascular risk, according to waist circumference; 54.4% and 47.2% had elevated total cholesterol and triglycerides, respectively. Conclusion: Since hypertension is an important public health problem that has serious consequences, the knowledge of the hypertensive population profile of Alagoas will facilitate the treatment for the health of patients with this condition.


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