The Management of Corneal Neovascularisation – Update on New Clinical Data and Recommendations of Treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Spiteri ◽  
Vito Romano ◽  
Matthias Brunner ◽  
Bernhard Steger ◽  
Stephen B Kaye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
The Future ◽  
Subsequent Failure

Vascularisation of the cornea may occur as a sight-threatening response to various insults to the cornea, such as infection, trauma and inflammation, and is a well-recognised risk factor for rejection and subsequent failure of corneal grafts. Various different treatment modalities have been used in the past, with varying levels of success. In this review, we discuss the pathogenesis of corneal neovascularisation, look at recent advances in the assessment of these patients and give an overview of currently available treatment options, both medical and surgical. We also discuss current experimental treatment for corneal neovascularisation, such as gene therapy, which may provide further treatment options in the future.

New Therapeutics for Ulcerative Colitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-213
Author(s):  
Robert P. Hirten ◽  
Bruce E. Sands
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Clinical Remission ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
The Future ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a relapsing and remitting inflammatory disease of the colon with a variable course. Despite advances in treatment, only approximately 40% of patients achieve clinical remission at the end of a year, prompting the exploration of new treatment modalities. This review explores novel therapeutic approaches to UC, including promising drugs in various stages of development, efforts to maximize the efficacy of currently available treatment options, and non-medication-based modalities. Treatment approaches which show promise in impacting the future of UC management are highlighted.

scholarly journals Parkinson’s disease – a review of pathogenesis, recent advances in management, and challenges of care in sub-Saharan Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. e35
Author(s):  
Akintomiwa I. Makanjuola ◽  
Funmilola T. Taiwo ◽  
Joseph O. Yaria ◽  
Rufus O. Akinyemi ◽  
Adesola Ogunniyi
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Low Resource Settings ◽  
Low Resource ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Sub Saharan

Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains a common neurodegenerative movement disorder with significant morbidity, which is expected to increase worldwide in the coming decades. Since its initial description, much has been elucidated about its etiology, pathogenesis, and the role of genetic and environmental risk factors. Effective treatments, including surgical therapies, have been discovered. Despite these strides, many questions remain unanswered; PD remains an active research area with ongoing efforts to discover newer treatment modalities and identify neuroprotective strategies. As with many neurological conditions, there is an unequal distribution of health resources, resulting in some management challenges in low resource settings, especially sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In this communication, we provide an overview of PD etiopathogenesis, including genetics and management strategies, including some recent advances with respect to treatment options and disease modification approaches. Finally, we discuss some challenges of PD management in low-resource settings and highlight efforts to turn the tide.

scholarly journals The Emerging Therapeutic Landscape of Advanced Melanoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 549-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Henriques ◽  
Teresa Martins ◽  
Wolfgang Link ◽  
Bibiana I. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Melanoma ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Specific Therapy ◽  
Novel Treatments ◽  
The Past ◽  
Therapeutic Landscape ◽  
Paradigm Shifting

Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer being responsible for 80% of skin cancer deaths. Furthermore, the incidence of metastatic melanoma has increased over the past three decades with a mortality rate that continues to rise faster than most of all other cancers. The last few years have witnessed an unparalleled change in treatment options for patients with metastatic melanoma by the development of new therapeutic strategies like targeted therapies and immunotherapies that highly improved the patient’s prognosis. Despite the paradigm- shifting success of these novel treatments, their effectiveness is still limited by intrinsic or acquired resistance. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of the new available treatment modalities, criteria to select patients who might benefit from a specific therapy, mechanisms of innate and acquired resistance to these treatments and to discuss strategies to overcome drug resistance.

Transcriptomics is a rapidly growing field that generates new data that may be used on its own or in combination with existing clinical data for development of new therapeutics, including gene therapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moataz Dowaidar
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
General Practice ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Trial Design ◽  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Personalized Medicines

Transcriptomics is a rapidly growing field that generates new data that may be used on its own or in combination with existing clinical data to widen and affect the future of healthcare. While the majority of current applications are limited to research, a growing number of studies suggest that transcriptomics has applications in diagnostics, genomics-driven trial design, and the creation of personalized medicines. Blood samples can be collected in general practice and submitted to a central lab for analysis and interpretation before being provided to the doctor, allowing for greater clinical acceptance of experimental hypotheses. The transcriptome's immense complexity has been revealed by transcriptomics, and we're just beginning to understand how this translates to function, disease, and therapeutic options.

scholarly journals Cell and animal models of mtDNA biology: progress and prospects

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (2) ◽  
pp. C658-C669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaharyar M. Khan ◽  
Rafal M. Smigrodzki ◽  
Russell H. Swerdlow
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Mitochondrial Genetics ◽  
Mtdna Mutation ◽  
Mtdna Mutations ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Basic Biology ◽  
Over Time

The past two decades have witnessed an evolving understanding of the mitochondrial genome’s (mtDNA) role in basic biology and disease. From the recognition that mutations in mtDNA can be responsible for human disease to recent efforts showing that mtDNA mutations accumulate over time and may be responsible for some phenotypes of aging, the field of mitochondrial genetics has greatly benefited from the creation of cell and animal models of mtDNA mutation. In this review, we critically discuss the past two decades of efforts and insights gained from cell and animal models of mtDNA mutation. We attempt to reconcile the varied and at times contradictory findings by highlighting the various methodologies employed and using human mtDNA disease as a guide to better understanding of cell and animal mtDNA models. We end with a discussion of scientific and therapeutic challenges and prospects for the future of mtDNA transfection and gene therapy.

Expanding the role of perfusionists in the era of new treatment options for cardiovascular disease

Perfusion ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph J Sistino
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
Surgical Patient ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Changing Patterns ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
New Applications

Treatment for cardiovascular disease has dramatically changed the surgical patient population over the past 10 years. Advances in medical management and interventional cardiovascular procedures have delayed surgery in many adults, and the surgical pool has begun to decrease despite an aging population. This affects perfusionists in terms of new psychological and technical challenges, and has serious consequences and implications for the future of the profession. This study will review the changing patterns of diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease in the USA over the past 10 years by examining the annual surgical procedure rates and correlating them with the number of practicing perfusionists and new student graduates. The purpose of this review is to project the future employment opportunities for perfusionists. The second part of the paper will look at the alternative roles perfusionists have expanded into as a result of changes in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. The results of an e-mail survey of perfusionists will be presented to identify new applications of perfusion technology.

Management of congenital subglottic hemangioma: Trends and success over the past 17 years

2005 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Bitar ◽  
Roger V. Moukarbel ◽  
George H. Zalzal
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Complication Rate ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Laser ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
The Past

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the success and complications of various treatment options of congenital subglottic hemangioma. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGS: Reported cases were grouped by treatment modalities and corresponding outcome evaluated. RESULTS: From 1986 through 2002, 372 patients were reported in 28 series. Carbon dioxide laser had 88.9% success rate yet 5.5 % significant subglottic stenosis. It shortened the tracheotomy duration by 13.7 months. Corticosteroids were not that beneficial (useful in only 24.5%) with 12.9% side effects. Intralesional corticosteroids were successful in 86.4% with 5.6% complication rate. Surgical excision (as young as 2.5 months), was useful in 98% with 10% complication rate, using cartilage grafts in 34%. Other modalities were less popular. CONCLUSION: Treatment should be individualized. Guidelines are suggested. Priority is given to secure the airways. The CO2 laser is useful when used cautiously. Steroids may be beneficial. Excision is for stubborn cases.

scholarly journals Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Update on Treatment Options and Treatment Considerations for the Future

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. CMWH.S6715
Author(s):  
Kristen A. Farrell-Turner
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Endocrine Disorder ◽  
The Future ◽  
Treatment Considerations

Polycystic ovary syndrome is an endocrine disorder characterized by insulin resistance, hyperandrogenemia, obesity, and inflammation, and is the most common cause of infertility. Women with PCOS are at higher risk than non-PCOS women for diabetes, cardiovascular disease, endometrial cancer, and psychiatric disorders. Because many abnormalities present in PCOS and symptoms vary considerably among PCOS women, treatment is guided by presentation and does not consist of simply one modality. Often, however, one type of medication can ameliorate more than one abnormality in PCOS. This review summarizes current research on several treatment modalities for PCOS, including drugs that are fairly well-established as efficacious and other agents that may prove efficacious in the future, with particular emphasis on the benefits and barriers of lifestyle change.

scholarly journals Gene Therapy for Neurological Disorders-A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 250-255
Author(s):  
Pravalika ◽  
Yuvaraj Babu K ◽  
Gifrina Jayaraj
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Motor System ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
The Future

This review article is based on improving knowledge on gene therapy which treats many neurological disorders. 150 articles were obtained, and 36 articles were filtered. Gene therapy is one of the most important treatments in the future as well as in the present. It has high chances of reducing many disorders . Many neurological disorders have been cured, but still many more researches are being done to express the potential of gene therapy to its maximum. Gene therapy improves the motor system in mouse models. Few neurological disorders that can be treated are Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. This review is an attempt to update recent advances in gene therapy.

scholarly journals Viral vector platforms within the gene therapy landscape

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jote T. Bulcha ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Hong Ma ◽  
Phillip W. L. Tai ◽  
Guangping Gao
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Viral Vector ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Monogenic Diseases ◽  
Therapy Field

AbstractThroughout its 40-year history, the field of gene therapy has been marked by many transitions. It has seen great strides in combating human disease, has given hope to patients and families with limited treatment options, but has also been subject to many setbacks. Treatment of patients with this class of investigational drugs has resulted in severe adverse effects and, even in rare cases, death. At the heart of this dichotomous field are the viral-based vectors, the delivery vehicles that have allowed researchers and clinicians to develop powerful drug platforms, and have radically changed the face of medicine. Within the past 5 years, the gene therapy field has seen a wave of drugs based on viral vectors that have gained regulatory approval that come in a variety of designs and purposes. These modalities range from vector-based cancer therapies, to treating monogenic diseases with life-altering outcomes. At present, the three key vector strategies are based on adenoviruses, adeno-associated viruses, and lentiviruses. They have led the way in preclinical and clinical successes in the past two decades. However, despite these successes, many challenges still limit these approaches from attaining their full potential. To review the viral vector-based gene therapy landscape, we focus on these three highly regarded vector platforms and describe mechanisms of action and their roles in treating human disease.

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