scholarly journals Honey Can Increase The Length of The Small Intestinal Villi in Malnourished Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Linda Listyorini ◽  
Imam Mustofa ◽  
Tatik Hernawati ◽  
Rimayanti Rimayanti ◽  
Tri Wahyu Suprayogi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Duncan Multiple Range Test ◽  
Intestinal Villi ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Range Test

The aim of this study was to determine the potential of honey to the length of small intestine villi of albino rats due to nutritional deficiencies. The experimental animals were used 24 male albino rats with a body weight of 250-300 grams, divided into four groups and each group contained six replication. Negative control (K-) was a group of rat without fasting and without honey. Positive control (K +) was a group of rat with fasting conditions for 5 days and without honey. The treatment group was the rat with fasting conditions for 5 days and given honey therapy at a dose of 30% (P1) and 50% (P2). Data analysis used ANOVA (Analysis of Variants) then continued with the Duncan Multiple Range test with a significance level of 5% it can be seen that the length of small intestine villi was obtained at (K-) which is 531,321 ± 0,64 which is not significantly different (p>0,05) from (P2), which is 519,919 ± 0,49, but is significantly different (p<0,05) with other treatments (K+) 360,564 ± 0,87 and (P1) 434,275 ± 0,40. The conclusion of this study is that giving honey has the potential to increase the length of the intestinal villi of albino rats due nutritional deficiencies.

scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS MENIRAN ( Phyllanthus niruri Linn ) AS IMMUNOMODULATION ON LYMPHOCYTE OF BROILER INFECTED WITH ENTEROTOXIN ESCHERICHIA COLI RESISTANT ANTIBIOTICS

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Retno Sri Wahjuni
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Duncan Multiple Range Test ◽  
Phyllanthus Niruri ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Range Test

Enterotoxin Escherichia coli resistant to antibiotics on broiler. The used of antibiotics should be re-evaluated, as well as over Escherichia coli enterotoxin. Plants meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Linn) is a plant that can be used as an alternative prevention and treatment of diseases caused by Escherichia coli enterotoxin. In this research, broilers at the age of 23 days were divided into six groups. Two groups are positive control was infected by Escherichia coli and negative control was not infected by Escherichia coli. Three groups are extract of Phyllanthus niruri Linn. plant that variety in three dosage: 20%, 25%, 30% and antibiotic. After five days treatment the broiler was to take the sample of blood tissue. The data were tested with Annova and continued by Duncan multiple range test. There was a significant difference of immunomodulation activity between treatment group doses 30% has been able to decrease lymphocyte on blood. The result showed doses 30% can be used as immunomodulation to Escherichia coli.Keywords: Phyllanthus niruri Linn. extract, Immunomodulation, Escherichia coli, Broiler, Lymphocyte

scholarly journals Influence of Temperature on the Antibacterial Activity of Sodium Hypochlorite

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Giardino ◽  
Zahed Mohammadi ◽  
Riccardo Beltrami ◽  
Claudio Poggio ◽  
Carlos Estrela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Root Dentin

Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial activity of 5.25% NaOCl, Hypoclean and Chlor-Xtra at 20 °C and 45 °C in bovine root dentin. One-hundred-and-seventy dentin tubes prepared from bovine maxillary incisors were infected for 21 days with Enterococcus faecalis. The specimens were divided into the following groups: 1. 5.25% NaOCl 20 °C; 2. Hypoclean 20 °C; 3. Chlor-Xtra 20 °C; 4. 5.25% % NaOCl 45 °C; 5. Hypoclean 45 °C; 6. Chlor-Xtra 45 °C; 7. positive control; 8. negative control. Dentin chips were collected with round burs into Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) broth. After culturing, the number of colony-forming units (CFU) was counted. Statistical analyses were performed using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, median), Shapiro-Wilk test, ANOVA and Tukey test. Significance level was set at p<0.05. In all experimental groups, CFU was minimum after treatment (day 0) and the obtained results were significantly different from each other at any period (p<0.05). After treatment, the Hypoclean and Chlor-Xtra showed the lowest numbers of CFU at 20 °C and 45 °C, whereas 5.25% NaOCl showed the highest number of CFU at both temperatures. In each group, the number of CFUs increased significantly with time (p<0.05). The antibacterial activity of Hypoclean and Chlor-Xtra at 45 °C were significantly greater than other tested solutions.

scholarly journals Cardioprotective Potential of Ethanol Extract of Sonchus Arvensis L. Leaves on Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction in Rat

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Neng Fisheri Kurniati ◽  
Elin Yulinah Sukandar ◽  
Rian Pardilah ◽  
Nova Suliska ◽  
Dhyan Kusuma Ayuningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Sonchus Arvensis

Sonchus arvensis L. leaves have been used traditionally to treat various disease conditions. This study is designed to evaluate cardioprotective potential of ethanol extract of S. arvensis leaves on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in Wistar rat. Male Wistar albino rats were divided into three main groups: negative control (saline only), positive control (isoproterenol only), and S. arvensis extract treated groups. S. arvensis extract was administered in three doses; 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg b.w. p.o for 14 days. On day 13 and 14, isoproterenol (85 mg/kg bw) was given intraperitoneally to positive control and extract treated groups. The parameters studied were cardiac biomarker enzymes which were Creatine Kinase (CK), Creatine Kinase-MB (CK-MB), Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alanine Transaminase (ALT) and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH). The results showed that S. arvensis at dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. could significantly (P<0.05) reduce the level of CK, CK-MB, AST, ALT, and LDH in myocardial infarcted rats compared to positive control. The increase of the dose of S. arvensis extract was not followed by an increase of its cardioprotective activity. In conclusion, Sonchus arvensis L. leaves extract at dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. has potential to be developed as cardioprotective drug.

scholarly journals Response of broiler chicks to L-Glutamine feeding in the immediate pre- and post-hatch periods

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Karamik ◽  
C. Kop-Bozbay
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
System Development ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Small Intestinal

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of in ovo and post-hatching supplementation with L-Glutamine (Gln) on hatching characteristics, performance, small intestinal morphology, and muscle development of broilers. At day 18 of incubation, 960 fertilized eggs were allocated to four treatments with six replicates. Eggs were i) not injected (negative control) (NC), ii) subject to the standard incubation procedure (PG), iii) injected with 1 ml sterile solution with 0.9% salt (positive control) (PC), and iv) injected with 1% Gln solution (IG). On hatching, the SC chicks were fed with 1% Gln for seven days. The remaining chicks were fed a commercial starter feed. After hatching, there were six replicates of 28 birds in each treatment. Hatchability and yolk sac weight were lower and yolk-free chick weight (YFCW), whole gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and breast muscle weights were higher at hatching for chicks from the IG treatment. At 42 days old, feed conversation ratio (FCR) was lower in birds that had Gln added to their diet than for the other treatments. The FCR was also lower in IG birds than birds in the NC group. The GIT weight, villus height, villus width and crypt depth of the birds receiving dietary supplementation of Gln were greater than those of birds in PC and IG. Thus, in ovo injection of Gln improved hatching characteristics except for hatchability. Further, in ovo and dietary Gln administration reduced FCR by stimulating digestive system development.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Ekstrak Buah Merah (Pandanus conoideus De Vriese) Asal Kabupaten Poso Sebagai Alternatif Penurun Kadar Gula Darah

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Anang Wahid M. D. Diah ◽  
Ni Kadek Ana Diani ◽  
Minarni Rama Jura
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Effective Concentration ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Control Data ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sugar Levels

Bioactive compounds contained in red fruit (pandanus conoideus De Vriese) among others are flavonoids and tannins. The compounds are classified as very powerful antioxidants and can inhibit free radicals. This study aimed to determine the effective concentration of the red fruit extract from Poso as an alternative for lowering blood sugar levels. The separatin method used was boiling. The animals test were 15 male of mice (Mmus musculus) induced by ethylene diamine tetra acetic (EDTA). The mice were divided randomly into 5 groups with different treatments. The first, the second, and the third treatments were given red fruit extract each with a concentration of 10%, 20% and 30%. The fourth treatment was given glibenclamide suspension as a positive control, and the fifth treatments was given Na-CMC as a negative control. Data were analyzed using a statistical analysis of variance (Anova) test followed by Duncan test. The results showed that the preclinical test of red fruit extract reduced blood sugar levels of mice, and the most effective concentration was 20% as much as 68% (w/v) with significance level a = 0.05.

scholarly journals Microbiological Sealing Analysis of a Tapered Connection and External Hexagon System

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gardel Nepomuceno Costa ◽  
Elizabeth Ferreira Martinez ◽  
Aluísio Martins de Oliveira Ruellas ◽  
Daiane Cristina Peruzzo ◽  
Júlio Cesar Joly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Implant Abutment ◽  
Bacterial Leakage ◽  
Tapered Connection

Considering the variety of implant connection systems available in the market and the contrasting literature regarding tapered connection systems in terms of bacterial leakage, the aim of this in vitro study was to compare the effectiveness of the bacterial seal at the implant/abutment interface between an external hexagon and a tapered connection system. Twelve sets of indexed tapered connection components and twelve sets of external hexagon connection components were used for microbiological analysis. In addition, for each model, an implant with its respective prosthetic abutment was used as a negative control and another as a positive control of microbial contamination. Failure of the abutment/implant interface seal was observed via turbidity or presence of deposits in the culture. Descriptive analysis of the data and relative frequency (percentage) as well as Fisher’s exact test were used at a significance level of 5%. Two of ten (20%) external hexagon specimens showed contamination against 0/10 (0%) tapered connection implants. In conclusion, both implant/abutment connections were able to prevent bacterial leakage in vitro.

scholarly journals STUDI PENAMBAHAN KARAGENAN RUMPUT LAUT (Eucheuma cottonii) DALAM PEMBUATAN MIE BASAH BERBASIS TEPUNG SAGU (Metroxylon sp.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Ode Kaudin ◽  
Andi Besse Patadjai ◽  
Kobajashi Togo Isamu
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Duncan Multiple Range Test ◽  
Anova Analysis ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Crude Fiber Content ◽  
A Value ◽  
Range Test

ABSTRACT          The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding carrageenan to the sensory quality, proximate and physical quality of sago flour-based wet noodles. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) using an experimental method with a concentration of 51% flour composite material, 41% sago flour with the addition of carrageenan consisting of three treatments, addition of carrageenan T0 (control 0%), T1 (8%), and T2 (10%) and repeated three times. Data from observations were analyzed using ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) at a level of 95%, if there is a real difference (P> 0.05) then a further test was performed with a DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) tests at a 95% significance level. The results of the study were drawn from the best assessment results of the highest sensory value obtained in the T2 treatment with a color value of 5.13, suppleness 7.20, taste 7.73, and aroma 6.23. Proximate composition of wet noodles was obtained at T2 treatment, water content with a value of 35.94%, the protein content of 5.07%, fat content of 1.39%, ash content of 5.47%, carbohydrate content of 31.45% and the crude fiber content of 15,16%. The physical quality of wet noodles can be obtained at T2 treatment, wet noodle development test with a value of 0.83 mm (millimeters) and water absorption test with a value of 1.04%. The results showed that there was a significant influence on the addition of carrageenan to the proximate quality and physical quality of wet noodles but did not have a significant effect on sensory quality on the aroma attributes. Keywords: Carrageenan, Wet noodles, Sago flourABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan karagenan terhadap kualitas sensorik, proksimat dan kualitas fisik mie basah berbasis tepung sagu. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan konsentrasi bahan komposit tepung terigu 51%, tepung sagu 41% dengan penambahan karagenan yang terdiri dari tiga perlakuan, penambahan karagenan T0 (kontrol 0%), T1 (8%), dan T2 (10%) dan ulangan sebanyak tiga kali. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisa menggunakan ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) pada taraf  95%, apabila terdapat beda nyata (P>0,05) maka dilakukan uji lanjut dengan uji DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) pada taraf nyata 95%. Hasil penelitian diambil dari hasil penilaian terbaik dari nilai tertinggi sensorik yang diperoleh pada perlakuan T2 dengan nilai warna 5,13, kekenyalan 7,20, rasa 7,73, dan aroma 6,23. Komposisi proksimat mie basah diperoleh pada perlakuan T2, kadar air dengan nilai 35,94%, kadar protein 5,07%, kadar lemak 1,39%, kadar abu 5,47%, kadar karbohidrat 31,45% dan kadar serat kasar 15,16%. Kualitas fisik mie basah basah dapat diperoleh pada perlakuan T2, uji pengembangan mie basah dengan nilai 0,83 mm (mili meter) dan  uji daya serap air dengan nilai 1,04%. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh nyata penambahan karagenan terhadap kualitas proksimat dan kualitas fisik mie basah namun tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap kualitas sensorik pada atribut aroma.Kata kunci: Karagenan, Mie basah, Tepung sagu

scholarly journals Protective and curative effects of Beta vulgaris on dimethyl 2,2-dichlorovinyl phosphate-exposed albino rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Eucharia O. Nwaichi ◽  
Eka B. Essien ◽  
Uzoamaka Chinonso Ibe
Keyword(s):  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Biochemical Assays ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Background: This study evaluated the effect of Beta vulgaris (beetroot) smoothie on some biochemical parameters on dimethyl 2,2-dichlorovinyl phosphate (DDVP, known as dichlorvos)-exposed albino Wistar rats. Methods: A total of 30 rats of both sexes were grouped into five groups of six animals each. Group I served as the negative control and were not exposed to dichlorvos. Group II served as the positive control and were exposed to dichlorvos but received no smoothie. Group III received 500 mg/kg body weight beetroot smoothie and was not exposed to dichlorvos. Groups IV and V were exposed to dichlorvos but received beetroot before and after exposure, respectively. At the end of the 6-week experiment, the animals were euthanized, the blood samples collected for some biochemical assays while the organs (kidney and liver) were harvested and subjected to histopathological examination. Results: From the biochemical assay, it was observed that the beetroot smoothies regulated and significantly reduced the elevated levels of AST, ALT, urea and creatinine observed in the animals that were exposed to dichlorvos. Additionally, the beetroot was able to regenerate the liver and kidney organs that were damaged on exposure to dichlorvos. Conclusion: This study concluded that beetroot smoothie possesses hepato-protective, hepato-curative as well as nephro-curative properties.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN HISTOLOGI ILEUM ITIK TEGAL BETINA DENGAN PEMBERIAN KITOSAN DALAM RANSUM (Histology Ileum Designs of Tegal Duck with The Granting of The Chitosan in Diet)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Eli Sahara Tuti Widjastuti Rostita L Balia dan Abun
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Nutrient Absorption ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Intestinal Villi ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Small Intestinal

Abstrak Absorbsi nutrien pada ternak unggas terjadi dalam usus halus. Bagian ileum berperan lebih banyak sebagai tempat terjadi penyerapan. Kesehatan organ penyerap sangat dipengaruhi oleh serat dan banyaknya nutrient terserap, sehingga akan berpengaruh terhadap morfologi villi usus. Kitosan merupakan serat hewan yang digunakan sebagai campuran ransum itik. Tujuan penelitian adalah melihat potensi kitosan terhadap perkembangan morfologi villi usus halus. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) 4 perlakuan, 5 ulangan dan masing-masing ulangan terdiri dari 2 ekor itik. Perlakuan adalah: R0 = 0% kitosan, R1 = 0,5% kitosan, R2 = 2 % kitosan dan R3 = 2,5% kitosan. Parameter yang diukur: tinggi villi usus, lebar basal villi dan lebar apical villi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tinggi villi cenderung menurun dengan pemberian kitosan, lebar basal villi dan lebar apical villi meningkat sampai dosis 2% dan menurun pada dosis 2,5%. Kata kunci: Histologi, ileum, itik, kitosan, ransum Abstract Nutrient absorption in poultry occurs in the small intestine. The ileum part acts as the site of absorption. The health of the absorbent organ is strongly influenced by the fiber and the amount of nutrient absorbed, so that it will affect the morphology of the intestinal villi. Chitosan is an animal fiber used as a mixture of duck rations. The objective of this study was to look at the chitosan potential for morphological development of small intestinal villi. The study used complete randomized design (RAL) 4 treatment, 5 replications and each replication consisted of 2 ducks. The treatments were: R0 = 0% chitosan, R1 = 0,5% chitosan, R2 = 2% chitosan and R3 = 2.5% chitosan. Parameters measured: high intestinal villi, basal basal villi and apical villi width. The results showed that villi height tended to decrease with chitosan, basal villi width and apical villi width increased up to 2% dose and decreased at a dose of 2.5%. Keywords: Histology, ileum, chitosan, diet

scholarly journals Assessment of Nephroprotective Potential of Ethanolic Extract Premna Tomentosa (Ept) in Alcohol Toxicity in Male Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 3099-3103
Author(s):  
Gomathi Priyadharsini T ◽  
Kavimani M ◽  
Sathiya Narayana Murthy S ◽  
Prabhu K ◽  
Arudyuti Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Histopathological Changes

The nephroprotective prospective of Premna tomentosa extract against Alcohol induced nephrotoxicity in rats was investigated in the present study. The characterization of ethanol extract of Premna tomentosa (EPT) was performed using standard phytochemical analysis. Male albino wistar rats 36 in numbers were divided into 6 groups including control, negative control, positive control and various doses of EPT Treated groups; Nephrotoxicity was induced by alcohol (1ml/100gm b.wt) in animals. Rats intoxicated with Alcohol were fed with 500, 750 mg/kg dose of EPT and Liv 52 (1ml/100gm b.wt) for 60 days. Results show that EPT (500mg/kg b.wt) had a significant effect against alcohol induced nephrotoxicity in rats than EPT (750mg/kg b.wt) in blood parameters and consonantly good histopathological changes in kidney. The deleterious histopathological alterations in kidney associated with glomerular and tubular changes in alcohol intoxicated rats was evident. This result shows Premna tomentosa may be used as supplementary drug for alcoholics.

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