EFFECT OF WATER-SETTABLE GIC IMMERSION IN RIVER WATER AND PDAM WATER ON DIAMETRAL TENSILE STRENGTH

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Raden Harry Dharmawan Setyawardhana ◽  
Sherli Diana ◽  
Muhammad Rezky Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
River Water ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
High Level ◽  
Diametral Tensile Strength

ABSTRACTBackground: Dental and oral health problems according to Riskesdas (2018) in Indonesia is 57.6% and South Borneo is almost 60%. High level of damage in South Borneo is caused by the people still consumption of river water as a source of clean water. Caries can be treated by restoration of tooth, one of them is water settable GIC.. Objective: Knowing the effect of water settable GIC immersion in river water and PDAM water to diametric tensile strength. Method: This study used a true experimental laboratory research method with a post test only design with a control group design on 27 samples which were divided into 3 groups immersion.  Result: This research shows that the mean of diametric tensile strength in group 1 (7.15 MPa), group 2 (8.42 MPa), and group 3 (10.54 MPa). The One Way Anova statistical test shows the value of (P <0.05) which means that there is a significant difference in the value of the diametric tensile strength of each treatment group. Conclusion: There is an effect on the decrease in the value of the diametric tensile strength after immersion of water settable GIC in river water and PDAM water.Keyword: Diametral Tensile Strength, GIC Immersion, River Water.

scholarly journals MULLIGAN BENT LEG RAISE LEBIH MENINGKATKAN LINGKUP GERAK SENDI LUMBOSAKRAL DAN MENURUNKAN DISABILITAS DIBANDINGKAN DENGAN SLUMP STRETCHING PADA PENGRAJIN GENTENG DENGAN MECHANICAL LOW BACK PAIN DI DESA DARMASABA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Made Dhita Prianthara ◽  
I Made Jawi ◽  
Wahyuddin ◽  
I Nengah Sandi ◽  
I Putu Adiartha Griadhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Lumbar Range Of Motion ◽  
Group 1

Background: Mechanical low back pain is pain that resulting from poor posture which cause decreased disability and limitation of lumbar range of motion. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to prove mulligan bent leg raise more effective to increase lumbosacral range of motion and decreased disability than slump stretching among tile craftsman with Mechanical low back pain in Darmasaba village. Methods: This research was an experimental study with pre and post test control group design. Sample of this study is tile craftsman with mechanical low back pain with 20 samples aged 30-55. Samples were divided into two groups, which the first group (n = 10) was given Mulligan bent leg raise, while the second group was given slump stretching. Do exercise 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Lumbar range of motion was measured with modified-modified schober test while level of disability was measured with modified oswestry disability index. Result: Paired Sample T-test in Group 1 and Group 2 obtained p=0,000 that showed in each Group 1 and Group 2 there is significant difference. Independent Samples Test of Group 1 and Group 2 showed the result p=0,000 which mean that there is significant difference in increased lumbar range of motion and decreased disability. Conclusion: Mulligan bent leg raise more effective to increase lumbosacral range of motion and decreased disability than slump stretching to tile craftsman with mechanical low back pain in Darmasaba village.

scholarly journals Krim Ekstrak Buah Merah (Pandanus conoideus ) 10% Sama Efektifnya dengan Krim Hidrokuinon 4% dalam Mencegah Peningkatan Jumlah Melanin Kulit Marmut (Cavia porcellus) yang Dipapar Sinar Ultraviolet B

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Corazon H. Dumaria ◽  
A AGP Wiraguna ◽  
Wimpie Pangkahila
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract: This study was aimed to prove that administration of 10% redfruit extract cream could prevent the increase of skin melanin in guinea pig exposed to UVB and to compare this effect with 4% hydroquinone cream. This was a true experimental study using post test only control group design. Subjects were devided into three groups; each of 10 guinea pigs. Group 1, the control group, was exposed to UVB and applied with basic cream. Group 2 was exposed to UVB and applied with 4% hydroquinone cream. Group 3 was exposed to UVB and applied with 10% redfruit extract cream. The total dose of UVB was 390 mJ/cm2 given for 2 weeks. The amount of melanin was calculated using the percentage of the pixel area of melanin and was compared with the pixel areas of all epidermal tissues. The results showed that the highest percentage of melanin area was in group 1 (19.78%±3.79%). The percentage of melanin area in group 3 was 1.25%±0.76% meanwhile in group 2 was 0.85%±0.37%. There were signi-ficant differences in melanin percentage between the control group and group 2 as well as group 3 (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in melanin percentage between group 2 and group 3 (P >0.05). Conclusion: The 10% redfruit extract cream could prevent the increase of skin melanin in guinea pig exposed to UVB as effectively as the 4% hydroquinone cream.Keywords: redfruit extract cream, melanin, UVBAbstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan efek pemberian krim ekstrak buah merah 10% dalam mencegah peningkatan jumlah melanin kulit marmut yang dipapar sinar UVB dan perbandingannya dengan krim hidrokuinon 4%. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental murni dengan post test only control group design. Sampel terdiri dari tiga kelompok dengan jumlah sampel 10 ekor marmut jantan tiap kelompok. Kelompok 1 yaitu kelompok kontrol, diberi paparan sinar UVB dan diolesi krim dasar. Kelompok 2 diberi paparan sinar UVB dan diolesi krim hidrokuinon 4%. Kelompok 3 diberi paparan sinar UVB dan diolesi krim ekstrak buah merah 10%. Dosis total UVB yaitu 390 mJ/cm2 diberikan selama 2 minggu. Jumlah melanin dihitung dengan persentase pixel luas area melanin dibandingkan dengan pixel seluruh jaringan epidermis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah melanin tertinggi pada kelompok 1 (19,78± 3,79%) dan terendah pada kelompok 2 (0,85±0,37%), sedangkan jumlah melanin pada kelompok 3 di antara keduanya (1,25±0,76%). Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok 1 dengan kelompok 2 dan 3 (P <0,05). Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok 2 dan 3 dalam mencegah peningkatan jumlah melanin (P >0,05 ). Simpulan: Krim ekstrak buah merah 10% dapat mencegah peningkatan jumlah melanin kulit marmut yang dipapar sinar UVB sama efektif dengan krim hidrokuinon 4%.Kata kunci: krim ekstrak buah merah, melanin, UVB

scholarly journals Determination of Highest Dose of Ammonia without Effect at Work Environment through the Expression of Interleukin-2 Cell in Rattus Novergicus

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 897-902
Author(s):  
Abdul Rohim Tualeka ◽  
Dwi Ananto Wibrata ◽  
Ahsan Ahsan ◽  
Pudji Rahmawati ◽  
Syamsiar S Russeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Threshold Limit Value ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Limit Value ◽  
Significant Difference

BACKGROUND: For determining the threshold limit value firstly determined the highest dose of ammonia without effect (NOAEL). However, research on the determination of NOAEL ammonia didn't conduct in Indonesia. AIM: The aim of this study to determine the value of the highest dose of ammonia without effect (No Observed Adverse Effect Level/NOAEL) through interleukin-2 (IL-2) expression on white mice. METHODS: This study used experimental laboratory research with post-test only control group design using white mice as experimental subjects. The treatment group divided into 6 groups (a group of controls and five groups with different ammonia exposure through inhalation). The trend curve of Remmele Scale Index (IRS) and histopathologic analysis could be used for determining NOAEL. RESULT: The location of the highest dose of ammonia without any effect (NOAEL) of white mice was in the second group, with 0.0103 mg/kg body weight dose. Analysis of statistical tests Kruskal Wallis stated there was no significant difference in interleukin-2 expression between the control with ammonia exposed group with a significance of p (0.747) > α (0.05). CONCLUSION: There is no difference between some interleukin-2 expression in the lymphocyte cell lung white mice group exposed to ammonia and control group. The highest dose of ammonia without any effect (NOAEL) on white mice was 0.0103 mg/kg body weight.

scholarly journals Effect of sodium fluoride in chlorhexidine mouthwashes on force decay and permanent deformation of orthodontic elastomeric chain

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Erliera Sufarnap ◽  
Kholidina Imanda Harahap ◽  
Terry Terry
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Force Decay ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Elastomeric Chains

Introduction: Orthodontic elastomeric chain is polyurethane elastomer that is widely used among orthodontists due to its functions. Chlorhexidine (CHX) and sodium fluoride (NaF) are listed in mouthwash composition which could affect the mechanical properties of the elastomeric chain. This study was aimed to analyze the effect of sodium fluoride in chlorhexidine mouthwashes on force decay and permanent deformation of orthodontic elastomeric chains. Methods: This research is an experimental analytic laboratory with pretest-posttest control group design. 150 samples of orthodontic chains were divided into three groups. Group 1: artificial saliva (control group); Group 2: 0,1% chlorhexidine gluconate solution (CHX); Group 3: 0,1% chlorhexidine digluconate with sodium fluoride solution (CHX-NaF). The orthodontic elastomeric chain was stretched and maintained at a standardized distance equivalent to a force of 300 g. The measurement of force decay and permanent deformation were performed with digital force gauge and digital caliper (0.01mm) at intervals of the first, seventh, fourteenth, twenty-first, and twenty-eighth days, respectively. Results: The force decay and permanent deformation of the elastomeric chain compared between three groups (control, CHX mouthwash and CHX+NaF mouthwash) showed did not have any significantly different (p-value>0,05) at the first, seventh, fourteenth, twenty-first, and twenty-eighth days, respectively. Conclusion: Sodium fluoride in chlorhexidine mouthwash showing no significant difference among saliva, CHX mouthwash and CHX+NaF mouthwash on force decay and permanent deformation of elastomeric chain.

scholarly journals PENAMBAHAN PERTURBATION TRAINING PADA CORE STABILITY EXERCISE LEBIH BAIK DARIPADA CORE STABILITY EXERCISE DALAM PENINGKATAN KESEIMBANGAN LANSIA DI MENGWI-BADUNG

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Putu Mulya Kharismawan ◽  
RA Tuty Kuswardhani ◽  
Wahyuddin ◽  
Anak Agung Sagung Sawitri ◽  
I Nyoman Adiputra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
T Test ◽  
Core Stability ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Perturbation Training ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Group 1

Background: falls is one of the major problems that often occur in the elderly population. It caused the decrease of balance in elderly. Purpose: to prove addition perturbation training on core stability exercise better than core stability exercise to improve balance in elderly. Method: This research is an experiment research design with pre and post test control group design. These samples included 22 people who were divided into two groups. Group 1 has given perturbation training and core stability exercise, while Group 2 has given core stability exercise. Measurement of balance measured using a Berg balance scale. Result: Paired t-test at Group 1 and Group 2 showed value p=0.001 (p<0.025), this results showed a significant balance increase in each groups. Then independent sample t-test between Group 1 and Group 2 showed value of p=0.015 (p<0.025). It results showed significant difference between Group 1 and Group 2. Conclusion: additional perturbation training on core stability exercise better than core stability exercise to improve balance in elderly.

scholarly journals THE POTENTIAL OF HEDYOTIS CORYMBOSA (L.) LAMK EXTRACT TO INHIBIT THE PROGRESSIVITY OF ORAL CANCER CELL IN RATS INDUCED WITH BENZOPYRENE

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Theresia Indah Budhy
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cancer Cell Proliferation ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2

Cancer is still ranked as the fifth cause of mortality and morbidityin Indonesia.Hedyotis corymbosa (L.) Lamk has ursolat acid as anti-proliferative cancer cell. This research is aimed to determine the potency of Hedyotis corymbosa (L.) Lamk at different doses, namely 375, 750, and 1500 mg/kg, used as an inhibitor for the progressivity of oral cancer, such as proliferation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis of cancer cells. Post test only control group design was used in this research. There were 24 Rattus novergicus used as research samples. Those were divided into four groups, namely control, treatment group 1 with a dose of 375mg/kg, treatment group 2 with a dose of 750 mg/kg, and treatment group 3 with a dose of 1500mg/kg. Their oral cavity was induced intramusculary by benzopyrene with a dose of 8mg/kg for 4 weeks (twice a week) to create cancer. Hedyotis corymbosa (L.) Lamk was given orally for 10 days. All samples were aclimatitation to perform Histo Pathology Anatomi among groups. Haematoxillin Eosin for proliferation cancer cell and capilary. Immunohistochemistry for expression of caspase3. Data were tabulated andanalyzed statistically by ANOVA. There was significant difference of cancer cell proliferation and capilary between control and treatment groups. The most significant decreasing of cancer cell proliferation was in those samples given with a dose of 750 mg/kg. Meanwhile, the highest apoptosis of caspase3 expression was in those samples given with a dose of 750 mg/kg. It can be concluded that Hedyotis corymbosa (L.) Lamk extract could decrease cancer cell proliferation and capilary as well as could increase apoptosis.

scholarly journals The Effect of Anti Masquito Electric Gas that Consist Allethrin That Influence The Weight and Colour of Rats Liver

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Nurmawanti Nurmawanti ◽  
Ayly Soekanto
Keyword(s):  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The aim of this research is to know the influence of anti mosquito electric gas that consisted Allethrin to the weight and colour of the rats liver. This research used an experimental method with the post test only  control group design.  The subject of this research is male rats weight of 150 grams each and total there was 24 rats that were divided to 4 groups. The first one, the  control groups (PO) was not given any of the gas, the second one, group 1 (P1) was given the gas for 4 hours everday, the third one, group  2 (P2), was given for 6 hours and last, group 3  (P3) was given 8 hours everyday. After later, on  30 Th day, the rats were terminated and being put in a surgery to remove their liver. This data was analyzed using SPPS for windows version 16. To see the differences in weight between the groups, it was analyzed using anova, and  to obtain the discoloration of the rats liver was analyzed using Kruskal Wallis Test. From the statistic tests, it show that there is significant difference in weight and color of liver in the group that α ≤ 0,05. According Anova Test, it shows that there is a significant difference α = 0,034 and from Kruskal Wallis test α = 0,013. In the conclusion anti mosquito electric gas that consist Allethrin affects the weight and the color of rats liver.

scholarly journals Peningkatan Perilaku Prososial Siswa di Sekolah melalui Layanan Bimbingan Kelompok dengan Teknik Modeling

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Hastha Purna Putra ◽  
Nurhizrah Gistituati ◽  
Syahniar Syahniar
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Guidance Services ◽  
Guidance Service ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Modeling Techniques ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group Guidance

The low prosocial behavior of students can inhibit the developmental tasks of adolescent such as the inability of appreciating others and getting others’ respect. Group guidance can be used to improve students’ prosocial behavior. The aim of this study was to reveal the effectiveness of group guidance service with modeling techniques in improving students’ prosocial behavior. This quasi-experimental research with pretest and posttest control group design aims to find out whether group guidance services with modeling techniques can improve students' prosocial behavior or not. Two groups were selected by using purposive sampling. They were selected from Sekolah Menengah Pertama Islam Terpadu (SMPIT) Rabbi Radhiyya Curup Tengah and Madrasah Tsanawiyah Pesantren Muhammadiyah Curup Timur. Each group consisted of 10 students. There were five meetings of group guidance service for each experimental and control group. The data of prosocial behavior were collected by using pretest and posttest, then they were analyzed by using the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov Two Sample with SPSS version 16.00. The findings of this study were: (1) there was a significant difference between students’ pretest and posttest of prosocial behavior in the experimental group, (2) there was a significant difference between students’ pretest and posttest of prosocial behavior in the control group, (3) there was a significant difference between posttests of students’ prosocial behavior in the experimental and the control group. Based on those findings, it is concluded that the students’ prosocial behavior can be improved through group guidance with modeling techniques. Therefore, it is suggested for counseling teachers to do group guidance by using modeling techniques, especially in enhancing prosocial behavior and other social behaviors.

scholarly journals The Comparison Effect Of Energy Drinks And Coffee On Creatinin Level In Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Riza ◽  
Andina Putri A
Keyword(s):  
Creatinine Level ◽  
Energy Drinks ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Experimental Laboratory ◽  
Post Hoc

Objective: to compare the effect of administration of energy drinks and coffee on creatinine levels in rats.Methods: an experimental laboratory research using the post test only control group design. The study used 18 male white Sprague Dawley divided into three groups to receive one of the following treatments: 2 cc distilled water,0.072 g /2cc energy drinks and 0.9 g/cc of coffee for 14 days. The creatinine level was evaluated. Data were analyzed by One Way ANOVA test.Results: The mean creatinine level in the aquades group, energy drinks, coffee group was 0.708 mg/dl, 2.05 mg/dl 1.861 mg/dl, respectively. Post Hoc test the LSD test showed a significant difference among these groups (p <0.05).Conclusion: There was a significant different effect between 0.072 g / 2cc energy drinks and 0.9 g/cc coffee on creatinine levels in rat.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 03 No. 04 October’19 Page : 231-234

scholarly journals The Influence of Finger Puppet Media on Students' High Level of Thinking Ability in Elementary School

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Risma Nuriyanti ◽  
Abih Gumelar
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Students ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Thinking Ability ◽  
Level Of Thinking ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Control

<p><em>The low level of thinking ability of elementary school students is one of the problems that need to be considered. This study aims to know the influence of finger puppet media on students' high level of thinking ability in elementary school. The method used is a quarquis of nonequivalent control group design experiments. The population in this study was fourth grader in one of bandung elementary school which numbered 47 students and divided into two classes, namely experimental class and control class. The results showed there was a significant difference between posttest experiment class and control class. From these results it can be concluded that finger puppet media has a significant influence on students' high level of thinking ability in elementary school. Thus, students get meaningful learning and teachers get learning media that is able to improve students' high level of thinking ability which is assessed from the ability to analyze, which includes 3 indicators, namely determining the theme, determining the main idea, and determining the content of the story message.</em></p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document