scholarly journals Genetic Analysis of Cucumber Collections Made in India in 1992

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 495C-495
Author(s):  
J. Staub ◽  
Felix Sequen ◽  
J.D. McCreight
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
Isozyme Loci ◽  
National Plant Germplasm System ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Made In ◽  
Group 1

Genetic variation in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) accessions from India was assessed by examining variation at 21 polymorphic isozyme loci. Forty-six accessions acquired by the U.S. National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) before 1972 were compared with 146 accessions collected during a 1992 U.S.–India expedition to the states of Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, and Uttar Pradesh, India. Two distinct groups (Group 1 and Group 2) were identified within accessions collected in 1992 (0.025 < P < 0.01). Variation at Ak-2, Fdp-2, Gr, Mdh-2, Mpi-1, Per, Pgm, and Skdh was important in the detection of this difference. Group 1 contained 37 (27 Madhya Pradesh + 10 Uttar Pradesh) accessions and Group 2 contains 102 (84 Rajasthan + 18 Madhya Pradesh) accessions. Seven accessions (5 Madhya Pradesh + 2 Rajasthan) were not associated with either group. Isozymic variation in U.S. NPGS accessions acquired before 1972 differed significantly (P < 0.005) from those collected during 1992. When Indian accessions taken collectively (collected before 1972 and in 1992) were compared with an array of 707 C. sativus U.S. NPGS accessions examined previously, relationships differed between accessions grouped by country or subcontinent.

Genetic Analysis of Chinese Cucumber Collections in the U.S. National Germplasm Collection

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 534e-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Staub ◽  
Felix Sequen ◽  
Tom Horejsi ◽  
Jin Feng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Isozyme Loci ◽  
National Plant Germplasm System ◽  
The U.S

Genetic variation in cucumber accessions from China was assessed by examining variation at 21 polymorphic isozyme loci. Principal component analysis of allelic variation allowed for the depiction of two distinct groupings of Chinese accessions collected in 1994 and 1996 (67 accessions). Six isozyme loci (Gpi, Gr, Mdh-2, Mpi-2, Pep-gl, and Pep-la) were important in elucidating these major groups. These groupings were different from a single grouping of Chinese 146 accessions acquired before 1994. Allelic variation in Chinese accessions allowed for comparisons with other accessions in the U.S. National Plant Germplasm System (U.S. NPGS) collection grouped by continent and sub-continent. When Chinese accessions taken collectively were compared with an array of 853 C. sativus U.S. NPGS accessions examined previously, relationships differed between accessions grouped by country or subcontinent. Data indicate that acquisition of additional Chinese and Indian cucumber accessions would be strategically important for increasing genetic diversity in the U.S. NPGS cucumber collection.

scholarly journals Isozyme Variation in Indian and Chinese Melon (Cucumis melo L.) Germplasm Collections

2004 ◽  
Vol 129 (6) ◽  
pp. 811-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. McCreight ◽  
Jack E. Staub ◽  
Anabel López-Sesé ◽  
Sang-Min Chung
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Germplasm Collections ◽  
Initial Cluster ◽  
Major Cluster ◽  
Isozyme Loci ◽  
Cucumis Melo L ◽  
Made In ◽  
Group 1

Genetic variation among 378 melon (Cucumis melo L.) germplasm accessions collected in India in 1992 and 26 accessions in China in 1994 was evaluated with 19 isozyme loci. `Top Mark' and `Green Flesh Honeydew', which represented two distinct C. melo ssp. melo L. groups, Cantalupensis and Inodorus, respectively, were used as reference cultivars. Genetic distances among accessions were calculated, and an initial cluster analysis using these distances resulted in 148 groups of varying size, ranging from two to 47 accessions. One accession from each of the 148 groups was chosen at random and used in a second cluster analysis that identified 11 accession groups. Group 1 was unique and consisted of only two C. melo ssp. agrestis (Naudin) Pangalo accessions. Two large branches were detected at cluster node 2. One branch was comprised of three groups of 3, 12, and 34 accessions, while the other branch contained seven groups of 2, 3, 14, 16, and 47 accessions, and the reference cultivars. Of the 148 accessions, 132 were from 41 sites in Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh, India, which were distributed unequally across the 11 groups. The 14 Chinese accessions originating from seven provinces were also dispersed unequally in the four major cluster groups. `Top Mark' and `Green Flesh Honeydew' were genetically distinct and uniquely clustered in the same group. These results indicate that additional collections of melon germplasm should be made in eastern and southern India.

scholarly journals Expected response to early-generation selection for yield and tuber appearance traits in potatoes

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 2849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicenti Gonçalves Ney ◽  
Laerte Reis Terres ◽  
Giovani Olegário da Silva ◽  
Arione Da Silva Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Tuber Yield ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Clonal Generation ◽  
Seedling Generation ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Made In ◽  
Eye Depth ◽  
Group 1

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of potato clonal families, and to estimate genetic variance, heritability and the expected response to selection of tuber yield and appearance traits in early generations. Twelve potato families were obtained from crosses between two groups of randomly-selected genotypes, including Eliza, C1730-7-94, and C-1742-8-95 in group 1; and Shepody, Asterix, Caesar, and White Lady in group 2. The crosses were made in factorial design (3 genotypes x4 genotypes), and each family consisted of 75 genotypes. Experiments were conducted in the fall of 2010, with a seedling generation under greenhouse conditions, and in the fall of 2011, with a clonal generation under field condition. High heritability estimates suggest that mild to moderate selection can be applied in the seedling generation to eye depth, eyebrow prominence, tuber curvature, flattening and shape uniformity. The C1742-8-95/White Lady stood out as a superior cross, as did all other crosses with White Lady, regarding tuber appearance and yield traits.

Evaluation of the New Classification and Surgical Strategy for Myasthenia Gravis

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (12) ◽  
pp. 1329-1335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin-Zheng Cui ◽  
Xin-Ying Ji ◽  
Feng Gao ◽  
Kun-Peng Yang ◽  
Hui-Ling Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
New Classification ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Level Group ◽  
Median Incision ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Made In ◽  
Group 1

The aim of this study was to discuss the new methods of clinical classification and staging of patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) proposed by our group and to summarize the experiences of surgical treatment of MG with a novel incision by cutting the sternum cross-sectionally at the second intercostal level. A retrospective analysis was made for the clinical data from the patients with MG who underwent thymectomy from July 1988 to May 2009. The surgical procedures were designed into three groups, a group with Osserman classification and median incision of the sternum (Group 1), a group with MGFA typing (Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America) and a small transverse sternal incision at the second intercostal level (Group 2), and a group with new typing and a smaller transverse sternal incision at the second intercostal level (Group 3). Observation of the clinical typing and staging was made in the patients with myasthenia crisis. The parameters such as procedure duration in Group 2 and 3 was significantly lower than those in Group 1 ( P < 0.05). The incidence of myasthenia crisis in Group 3 was significantly lower than that in Groups 2 and 3 ( P < 0.05). The procedure with a smaller transverse sternal incision at the second intercostal level (Group 3) is a safer method for patients with MG. The combination of this procedure with the new typing and staging methods proposed by our group could facilitate the selection of operation indications and opportunity, resulting in the lower incidence of myasthenia crisis and mortality. Our new procedure is well deserved to be a preferential selection by other hospitals.

scholarly journals A MODIFIED TECHNIQUE FOR SURGICAL REMOVAL OF THE CONGENITAL DUODENAL OBSTRUCTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-149
Author(s):  
M. G. Chepurnoy ◽  
G. I. Chepurnoy ◽  
V. B. Katsupeev ◽  
A. V. Leyga ◽  
Ya. I. Chilibiyskiy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Duodenal Obstruction ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Initial Part ◽  
Modified Technique ◽  
Congenital Duodenal Obstruction ◽  
Barium Suspension ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Treitz Ligament ◽  
Made In ◽  
Group 1

Purpose. To improve the duodenum function after Kimura surgery which is performed for the congenital duodenal obstruction by restoring the horseshoe-shaped duodenum. Material and methods. A comparative analysis of two groups of patients was made: In Group 1 (n = 31) , patients were operated with the mobilization of lower horizontal duodenal branch and duodenoduodenal anastomosis by Kimura without restoring the horseshoe-shape of the duodenum. In Group 2 (n = 11), children had similar surgeries but the horseshoe-shaped configuration of the duodenum was restored by fixing the initial part of the jejunum to the Treitz ligament. After surgery, the researchers radiographically compared time of barium suspension passage through the duodenum in patients of both groups. Results. In children from Group 1, passage of the contrast suspension via duodenum lasted for 43.9 ± 3.9 sec., what is approximately 2 times faster than in the norm. In patients from Group 2, this indicator was 3-4 times larger than in patients from Group 1 and was 158.2 ± 18.2 sec. Such a slowdown in the chyme passage along the duodenum prolongs exposure of food masses to pancreatic juice, bile and intestinal juice and, consequently, improves the duodenal function. Conclusion. The authors recommend to end the surgical intervention for eliminating congenital duodenal obstruction by Kimura technique with the restoration of horseshoe-shaped duodenum by fixing the initial part of the jejunum to the Treitz ligament.

scholarly journals Trend of caesarean section at two Government Medical College in Madhya Pradesh, India over one year of time period: a retrospective comparative study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2212
Author(s):  
Poonam Mathur ◽  
Alka Patel
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Tertiary Centre ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
One Year ◽  
Retrospective Comparative Study ◽  
Group 1

Background: There is a massive public interest and debate on both the cause and appropriateness of increasingly employing a surgical procedure to short circuit or entirely bypass labour and delivery. The indications of caesarean sections vary among institutions as there is no standard classification system exists for indications of C-Section. Present study analysed pattern of caesarean section at two tertiary centre in Madhya Pradesh, India.Methods: A structured proforma was filled up for every case and results were recorded on excel sheet. All the cases included in study were further divided in group 1 (deliveries conducted in year 2014-2015 at Govt. Medical College Indore, M.P.), group 2 (deliveries conducted at Govt. Medical College Rewa at same time. Comparative analysis between study group1 and group 2 was done using Pearson Chi square test.Results: In group 1 there were 10525 deliveries out of which 3705 were delivered by caesarean section (35.2%), in group 2 there were 8674 deliveries out of which 1182 were delivered by caesarean section (13.6%). This difference in caesarean section at both medical college may be due to the more no. of referrals from the periphery to the medical college Indore and having more no of private institutions and district hospital which cater the normal delivery.Conclusions: There is a reliable and reproducible framework is required for audit and analysis of Caesarean section trends in specific obstetric subgroups to permit comparisons of practice between different institutions and over time in the same institution.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Kurikulum Filosofi Sepak Bola Indonesia (Filanesia) Terhadap Kemampuan Dribbling dan Passing Di Sekolah Sepak Bola Putra Mulyoharjo (Ps Puma) U-17 Kabupaten Jepara

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-302
Author(s):  
Riki Candra Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Training Model ◽  
T Test ◽  
Real Difference ◽  
Soccer Game ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Made In ◽  
Group 1

This research is motivated by the current soccer game, players are required to be able to control the ball better, so that the chances of creating goals are greater. Techniques in soccer games that are often used and the most important techniques are kicking the ball (Passing) and dribbling the ball (Dribbling). combined with the philosophy of Indonesian football (filanesia) which has been made in such a way and designed according to the characteristics of Indonesian players. This research is a descriptive quantitative research. This research was conducted in several steps, namely the pretest and posttest which will be carried out in accordance with the training program that has been made to combine the philosophy of Indonesian football with basic soccer techniques, namely Passing and Dribbling, which is carried out at the Mulyoharjo Men's Football School, Jepara Regency, aged 17 years. Divided into 2 experimental groups. In 1 filanesian group there were 10 children and group 2 Controlling had 10 children. The results showed that there was a significant effect of the application of the philanesian training model on Dribbling and Passing at the Putra Mulyoharjo Football School. Data analysis using SPSS 21. The results of the data analysis test using the Paired Simple T Test and Independent T Test, namely the results of the sig value. (2-tailed) of 0.001 in the Passing experimental group 1 Filanesia and the sig. (2-tailed) of 0.000 in the Passing experiment 2 Controlling group. Meanwhile, in the Dribbling Test, it is known that the sig. (2-tailed) of 0.000 in the Dribbling experimental group 1 Filanesia and the sig. (2-tailed) of 0.000 in the Dribbling Experiment 2 Controlling group, it can be concluded that there is a real difference. Keywords: Dribbling, Passing, Philosophy of Indonesian football Abstrak Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh permainan sepak bola masa kini pemain dituntut untuk dapat menguasai bola lebih baik,sehingga peluang menciptakan Gol lebih besar teknik dalam permainan sepakbola yang sering digunakan dan merupakan teknik yang paling penting adalah menendang bola (Passing) serta menggiring bola (Dribbling) di kombinasikan dengan filisofi sepak bola Indonesia (filanesia) yang sudah dibuat sedemikian rupa dan dirancang sesuai karakteristik pemain indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Kuantitatif Deskriptif. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan beberapa langkah, yaitu dengan Pretest dan Posttest yang akan dilakukan sesuai dengan program latihan yang telah dibuat untuk mengkombinasikan Filosofi Sepak Bola Indonesia dengan tehnik dasar sepak bola yaitu Passing dan Dribbling dilakukan di Sekolah Sepak Bola Putra Mulyoharjo Kabupaten Jepara Usia 17 Tahun. Dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok Eksperimen. 1 kelompok filanesia terdapat 10 anak dan kelompok 2 Controlling terdapat 10 anak. Hasil penelitian terdapat pengaruh signifikan penerapan model latihan filanesia terhadap Dribbling dan Passing di Sekolah Sepak Bola Putra Mulyoharjo. Analisis data dengan menggunakan SPSS 21. Hasil Penelitian  dari test analisa data dengan menggunaikan Paired Simple T Test dan Independent T Test,yaitu dengan hasil nilai sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,001 pada kelompok Passing eksperimen 1 Filanesia dan nilai sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 pada kelompok Passing eksperimen 2 Controlling. Sedangkan Pada Tes Dribbling diketahui bahwa nilai sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 pada kelompok Dribbling eksperimen 1 Filanesia dan nilai sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 pada kelompok Dribbling eksperimen 2 Controlling maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang nyata. Kata kunci: Dribbling,Passing,Filosofi sepakbola Indonesia

scholarly journals The state of the cytokine system in patients with severe COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.А. Гришаева ◽  
Ж.Б. Понежева ◽  
М.Д. Чанышев ◽  
А.А. Плоскирева ◽  
И.А. Маннанова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Simultaneous Increase ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Made In ◽  
Group 1 ◽  
Number Of Authors

Инфекция COVID-19 является одной из самых актуальных проблем современного здравоохранения. Несмотря на прогресс, достигнутый в понимании патогенеза данной инфекции, в настоящее время отсутствуют прогностические критерии утяжеления и летального исхода. Рядом авторов предложено рассматривать некоторые интерлейкины (ИЛ) в качестве маркеров прогноза тяжелого течения. Нами была проанализирована клинико-лабораторная характеристика больных с тяжелым течением COVID-19, включая исследование уровней ИЛ-1, ИЛ-6, ИЛ-10. Под наблюдением находились 49 пациентов с тяжелой формой COVID-19 в возрасте от 18 до 90 лет, госпитализированных в отделение реанимации и интенсивной терапии инфекционного стационара. У всех пациентов диагноз был подтвержден выявлением РНК SARS-CoV-2 методом ПЦР в мазках из носоглотки и ротоглотки. У 47 пациентов наблюдался отягощенный преморбидный фон. При поступлении самыми частыми жалобами являлись лихорадка, одышка и сухой кашель. У всех больных была диагностирована двусторонняя полисегментарная пневмония, тяжелая форма (КТ-3/4) наблюдалась у 32,7% больных. Анализ исследуемых цитокинов (ИЛ-1, ИЛ-6, ИЛ-10) в сыворотке крови больных с тяжелым течением COVID-19 выявил, что ИЛ-6 был повышен у 75%, в то время как повышение уровня ИЛ-10 отмечено менее чем у половины больных (46,9%), а показатель ИЛ-1 выше нормы регистрировали менее чем у трети пациентов (12,2%.) Проанализированы клинико-лабораторные особенности у пациентов с COVID-19 тяжелого течения в зависимости от исхода болезни в группах сравнения: группа 1 – выжившие; умершие – группа 2. В группе 1 повышение концентрации ИЛ-6 регистрировали у 73,9% исследуемых, ИЛ-1 – только в 4,3% случаев, а ИЛ-10 – у 21,7% больных. При этом в группе 2 (с летальным исходом) выявлены повышенные концентрации ИЛ-6 у 96,2% больных, ИЛ-10 и ИЛ-1 – в 69,2% и 21,7% случаев соответственно. Одновременное повышение трех исследуемых цитокинов наблюдалось только у 12,2% пациентов – все они относились к группе 2. Таким образом, исследуемые цитокины могут рассматриваться как потенциальные прогностические маркеры летального исхода у больных с тяжелой формой COVID-19. COVID-19 infection is one of the most actual problems of modern healthcare. Despite the progress made in understanding of the pathogenesis of this infection, there are currently no prognostic criteria for aggravation and death. A number of authors propose to consider interleukins 1, 6, 10 (IL-1, IL-6, IL-10) as markers of the prognosis of a severe course. We analyzed the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with severe COVID-19, including the interleukin 1, 6, 10 levels. We observed 49 patients with a severe form of COVID-19 aged 18 to 90 years, hospitalized in the intensive care unit of the Infectious Hospital. The diagnosis of Covid-19 was confirmed by the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by PCR in nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal smears. 47 patients had a burdened premorbid background. The most frequent complaints on admission were fever, shortness of breath, and dry cough. Bilateral polysegmental pneumonia was diagnosed at admission in all patients, but severe form (CT-3/4) was observed only in 32,7% of patients. Analysis of the studied cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, IL-10) in the blood serum of patients with severe Covid-19 revealed that IL-6 was elevated in more than 75% cases, while an increase in the level of IL-10 was noted in less than half of the patients (46,9%), and the IL-1 index above the baseline was recorded in less than a third of patients (12,2%).) We analyzed the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with severe COVID-19, depending on the outcome of the disease by the comparison groups: group 1 – survivors and group 2 – lethal. An increase of the concentration of IL-6 in group 1 was observed in 73,9% of the subjects, IL-1 – only in 4,3% of cases, and IL-10 – in 21,7% of patients. Elevated concentrations of IL-6 were detected in group 2 (with a fatal outcome) in 96,2% of patients, IL-10 in 69,2% of cases and IL-1 in 21,7% of patients. A simultaneous increase in the three cytokines studied was observed only in 12,2% of patients – all of them belonged to group 2. Thus, the cytokines studied can be considered as potential lethal markers for patients with severe COVID-19.

Leucovorin shortage: Impact on leucovorin/levoleucovorin usage and tx choices in colon cancer patients treated in the United States.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e14668-e14668
Author(s):  
Ann Katler ◽  
Zhaohui Wang ◽  
Kimberly A. Bergstrom
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Dose Intensity ◽  
The United States ◽  
First Line ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Group 1

e14668 Background: 5FU + leucovorin (LV) containing regimens are the most commonly used regimens for colorectal cancer (CRC). A LV shortage in the U.S. beginning Apr 2010 became critical by fall 2011. In May ’11, levoleucovorin (LLV) was approved to treat CRC in the U.S. LV replacement by LLV incurs a 34 fold cost increase. This study examines if the LV shortage impacted colon cancer (CC) regimen selection and LV/LLV usage in the adjuvant and 1st line tx. Methods: Data obtained via web-based, drug dispensing technology was used to identify 3 groups of adult CC patients starting adjuvant or first-line tx within a 6 month period: Group 1 (Q2,Q3 2009), Group 2 (Q2,Q3 2010) and Group 3 (Q4, 2011 – Q1, 2012). Regimen selection and LV usage were examined from tx onset through completion. Results: Adjuvant and first-line tx administered by 545 practices across 47 states was examined and including 2,502 pts, 2,551 pts, and 2,689 pts in Groups 1, 2, and 3 respectively. The median pt age was 66. 77% of pts in each group received FOLFOX for adjuvant tx. Approx 7% of pts in Groups 1 and 2 received capecitabine-containing regimens compared to 9.9% in Group 3. 58% of pts in Group 1, 51% in Group 2 and 56% in Group 3 received mFOLFOX6 or mFOLFIRI + bevacizumab for first-line tx. Use of 5FU + LV or LLV-containing regimens remained constant in all 3 groups. The Table summarizes LV/LLV usage in LV-containing regimens planned for ’09 - Q1 of ‘12. Lower LV dosing and relative dose intensity (RDI), fewer LV administrations and increased LLV usage are seen for the time period reviewed. Conclusions: Based on data examined from 2009-Q1 2012, while no significant impact on regimen selection was observed, the LV shortage significantly decreased LV and raised LLV usage (and cost) in the adjuvant and first-line tx for colon cancer. [Table: see text]

In-vivo evaluation of the effect of cyanoacrylate on prosthetic vascular graft infection – does cyanoacrylate increase the severity of infection?

VASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-284
Author(s):  
Atıf Yolgosteren ◽  
Gencehan Kumtepe ◽  
Melda Payaslioglu ◽  
Cuneyt Ozakin
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Graft Infection ◽  
Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Prosthetic Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 1

Summary. Background: Prosthetic vascular graft infection (PVGI) is a complication with high mortality. Cyanoacrylate (CA) is an adhesive which has been used in a number of surgical procedures. In this in-vivo study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between PVGI and CA. Materials and methods: Thirty-two rats were equally divided into four groups. Pouch was formed on back of rats until deep fascia. In group 1, vascular graft with polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) was placed into pouch. In group 2, MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected into pouch. In group 3, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece was placed into pouch and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. In group 4, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece impregnated with N-butyl cyanoacrylate-based adhesive was placed and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. All rats were scarified in 96th hour, culture samples were taken where intervention was performed and were evaluated microbiologically. Bacteria reproducing in each group were numerically evaluated based on colony-forming unit (CFU/ml) and compared by taking their average. Results: MRSA reproduction of 0 CFU/ml in group 1, of 1410 CFU/ml in group 2, of 180 200 CFU/ml in group 3 and of 625 300 CFU/ml in group 4 was present. A statistically significant difference was present between group 1 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 2 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 3 and group 4 (p < 0.05). In terms of reproduction, no statistically significant difference was found in group 1, group 2, group 3 in themselves. Conclusions: We observed that the rate of infection increased in the cyanoacyrylate group where cyanoacrylate was used. We think that surgeon should be more careful in using CA in vascular surgery.

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