Features of Bioaccumulation and Toxic Effects of Copper (II) Oxide Nanoparticles Under Repeated Oral Exposure in Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 09 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Sergeevich Stepankov ◽  
Marina Aleksandrovna Zemlyanova ◽  
Nina Vladimirovna Zaitseva ◽  
Anna Mikhailovna Ignatova ◽  
Alena Evgenievna Nikolaeva
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Mesangial Cells ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Brown Pigment ◽  
Cuo Nps ◽  
Hematological Analysis

Background: Currently, the range of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles’ (CuO NPs) applications is expanding and the global production of CuO NPs is increasing. In this regard, the risk of exposure of the population to this nanomaterial increases. Objective: The aim of the study is to investigate the patterns of bioaccumulation and toxic effects of CuO NPs after multiple oral exposures. Methods: The particle size was determined by scanning electron microscopy and dynamic laser light scattering. Specific surface area was measured by the method of Brunauer, Emmett, Teller. Total pore volume - by the method of Barrett, Joyner, Khalenda. Twenty-four hours after the final exposure, blood samples were taken for biochemical and hematological analysis, and internal organs were taken to determine their mass, copper concentration and histological analysis. The study was carried out in comparison with copper (II) oxide microparticles (CuO MPs). Results: In terms of size, surface area, and pore volume, the studied copper (II) oxide sample is a nanomaterial. The median lethal dose of CuO NPs was 13187.5 mg/kg of body weight. Bioaccumulation occurs in the stomach, blood, intestines, liver, lungs, kidneys and brain. Pathomorphological changes in the liver are manifested in the form of necrosis, degeneration, hepatitis; kidney - proliferation of mesangial cells, dystrophy; stomach - gastritis; small intestine - hyperplasia, enteritis; large intestine - colitis; lungs - hyperplasia, abscess, pneumonia, bronchitis, vasculitis. Clumps of brown pigment were detected in the kidneys, stomach and lungs. The mass of the stomach and intestines increased, the mass of the liver, kidneys and lungs decreased. Pathomorphological changes in organs are likely to cause an increase in the levels of activity of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, amylase, malondialdehyde concentration and a decrease in plasma antioxidant activity. The proportion of segmented neutrophils, the number of leukocytes are raised, the proportion of lymphocytes is reduced. Conclusion: The degree of bioaccumulation and toxicity of CuO NPs are more expressed in relation to CuO MPs.

Features of bioaccumulation and toxic effects of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles under the oral route of intake into the body

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
M. A. Zemlyanova ◽  
M. S. Stepankov ◽  
A. M. Ignatova
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Total Pore Volume ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Cuo Nps

Introduction. Active use in various spheres of economic activity and the large-scale nature of production determine the relevance of studying the effects of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) on the body during the oral route of intake. Material and methods. Particle size was determined by scanning electron microscopy and dynamic laser light scattering; specific surface area - Brunauer, Emmett and Teller; total pore volume - Barrett, Joyner and Khalenda. Acute oral toxicity of CuO NPs was studied in Wistar rats in accordance with GOST 32644-2014, multiple oral toxicity was studied by the Lim method. After repeated exposure, the biochemical and hematological parameters of the blood, the concentration of copper in the organs, and pathomorphological changes in the tissues of the organs were determined. Results. The size of CuO NPs in the composition of the native powder was 45.86 nm, in the aqueous suspension - 307.40 nm, the specific surface area was 17.70 m2/g, and the total pore volume was 0.056 cm3/g. According to the results of a single oral exposure, the LD50 value was > 2000 mg / kg body weight, which corresponds to 3 (GOST 12.1.007-76) and 4 (GOST 32644-2014) hazard classes. With repeated oral exposure, an increase in the levels of activity of ALT, AST, ALP, LDH, amylase, AOA and MDA was noted; the relative number of segmented neutrophils is increased, the number of leukocytes is increased, the relative number of lymphocytes is reduced. The concentration of copper under the action of NPs increases in the lungs, liver, stomach, intestines, kidneys, brain and blood. Pathomorphological changes in the tissues of the liver, kidneys, stomach, small and large intestines and lungs were established. Conclusion. The results obtained prove the presence of toxic properties of CuO NPs and can be used in the development of preventive measures for workers and consumers in contact with products containing CuO NPs.

scholarly journals Features of bioaccumulation and toxic effects of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles under repeated inhalation exposure in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (10) ◽  
pp. 1139-1144
Author(s):  
Nina V. Zaitseva ◽  
Marina A. Zemlyanova ◽  
Mark S. Stepankov ◽  
Anna M. Ignatova ◽  
Alena E. Nikolaeva
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Cuo Nps

Introduction. Active use in various spheres of economic activity, large-scale production and the availability of data on toxicity determine the relevance of studying the effects of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) on the body during inhalation exposure. Material and Methods. The size, surface area, and pore volume of CuO NPs were determined. The study and assessment of biochemical and hematological parameters of blood, the degree of bioaccumulation of nanomaterial, pathomorphological changes in organs of rats exposed to CuO NPs were carried out. The studies were carried out in comparison with a microsized analogue (CuO MPs). Results. The size of CuO NPs in the composition of the native powder is 305.00 times less than that of CuO MPs. The surface area and pore volume are 9.61 and 9.33 times larger, respectively. After exposure to CuO NPs in the blood of rats relative to the control, the levels of activity of ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, LDH, amylase, AOA, MDA and the concentration of CRP increased by 1.49-2.23 times, the content of urea decreased by 1.41 times; relative number of eosinophils, leukocyte count, RDW by 1.31-5.39 times increased, relative number of segmented neutrophils decreased by 1.37 and monocytes by 1.42 times. The effect of NPs, in comparison with MPs, is more pronounced in increasing the activity of ALT, AST, LDH, MDA and the concentration of CRP by 1.25-1.68 times and in reducing the concentration of urea by 1.21 times; in increase the relative number of eosinophils by 2.37 and the count of leukocytes by 1.61 times. The concentration of copper under the action of NPs increases relative to the control in the lungs, liver, stomach, intestines and kidneys by 1.59-6.99 times. The degree of bioaccumulation of nanoparticles is 1.20-2.12 times higher than that of microparticles in the lungs, liver, stomach, and kidneys. Conclusion. Functional and pathomorphological changes caused by CuO NPs are more pronounced in the lungs, stomach, and small intestine in comparison with microparticles. It was confirmed that the studied CuO particles are nanomaterials. They have a more pronounced bioaccumulation and toxic effect relative to the microdispersed analogue.

Evaluation of the Influence of the Reaction Medium of the Microstructure of Magnesium Oxide Nanopartícles

2020 ◽  
Vol 1012 ◽  
pp. 173-178
Author(s):  
Glaucea Warmeling Duarte ◽  
Alexandre Martins Neto ◽  
Caroline Anzolin ◽  
Lucinao Luiz Silva ◽  
Josiane Maria Muneron de Mello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Ethyl Alcohol ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Reaction Yield ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Water As Solvent ◽  
Synthesis Reactions

The increase in researches related to nanomaterials has provided innovation and enhancement of the properties of innumerous materials. Among the materials frequently studied, magnesium oxide can be cited because of its many industrial applications, mainly in the chemical and electronics sectors. Magnesium oxide nanoparticles, as well as other nanomaterials, can be produced by several routes of synthesis, and the characteristics of the route chosen may change the microstructure and properties of the nanoparticles. However, despite the general consensus that the synthesis variables affect the characteristics and properties of the nanoparticles, much still needs to be studied. Among these variables, the reactive environment is one of the factors that influence considerably and about which there are still few studies. In this work, it was evaluated, using the sol-gel synthesis method, how the modification of the solvent, water or ethyl alcohol, affects the morphology and purity of the magnesium oxide nanoparticles, as well as the yield of the synthesis reactions. The nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, surface area analysis via BET, FEG-MEV and EDS. The results indicated that the nanoparticles obtained by route using ethyl alcohol as solvent have a larger crystallite and particle size, besides the synthesis reactions have a higher yield. In addition, by the analysis of surface area and pore volume, they present a lower surface area and lower pore volume, in relation to the route that uses water as solvent. Thus, it was possible to conclude that altering the solvent of the reaction, even if all other synthesis conditions are maintained, significant modifications are observed in the morphology of the magnesium oxide nanoparticles and also in the reaction yield.

scholarly journals Biogenic-Mediated Synthesis of Mesoporous Cu2O/CuO Nano-Architectures of Superior Catalytic Reductive towards Nitroaromatics

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mosaed S. Alhumaimess ◽  
Amr A. Essawy ◽  
Mahmoud M. Kamel ◽  
Ibrahim Hotan Alsohaimi ◽  
Hassan M. A. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Total Pore Volume ◽  
Solution Combustion ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cuo Nps ◽  
Pomegranate Seeds

Cu2O/CuO nano-architectures were prepared by biogenic-mediated synthesis using pomegranate seeds extract as the reducing/stabilizing mediator during an aqueous solution combustion process of the Cu2+ precursor. The fabricated Cu2O/CuO nanocomposite were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and nitrogen sorption. Nitrobenzene (NB) was applied a probe to test the catalytic activities of the fabricated Cu2O/CuO nanocomposite. The results indicated that pomegranate seeds extract (PSE) manifest Cu2O/CuO NPs of tiny particle size, larger pore volume and greater surface area compared to the bulky CuO synthesized in the absence of PSE. The surface area and total pore volume of Cu2O/CuO NPs were 20.1 m2 g−1 and 0.0362 cm3 g−1, respectively. The FESEM image shows the formation of broccoli-like architecture. The fabricated Cu2O/CuO nanocomposite possesses surprising activity towards the reduction of nitro compounds in the presence of NaBH4 into amino compounds with high conversion (94%). The reduction process was performed in water as a green solvent. Over four consecutive cycles the resulting nanocomposite also exhibits outstanding stability. In addition, the resulting Cu2O/CuO nanocomposite suggested herein may encourage scientists to start preparing more cost-effective catalysts for marketing instead of complicated catalysts.

scholarly journals Solanum Nigrum Leaf Extract Capped Copper Oxide Nanoparticles and its Tetrahedral L2Cu(ɳ2-BH4) Complex for Effective Degradation of Congo Red

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kijay Bahadur Singh ◽  
Neelam Gautam ◽  
Deen Dayal Upadhyay ◽  
Gulam Abbas ◽  
Gajanan Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Copper Oxide ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Copper Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Solanum Nigrum ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Cuo Nps ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Positively Charged

Abstract In this work, we reported the green synthesis of Solanum nigrum extract capped copper oxide nanoparticles (SN@CuO NPs) at room temperature, avoiding harsh, toxic, and environment unfriendly chemicals. The synthesized SN@CuO NPs, were analyzed with the help of spectroscopic techniques. UV-visible spectroscopy confirmed the synthesis of SN@CuO NPs in reaction mixture while fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results revealed capping of phytochemicals of Solanum nigrum over the surface of CuO NPs. Morphology and elemental composition of formed SN@CuO NPs were explored with the help of FE-SEM, TEM, and EDS, respectively. Crystalline nature, surface charge and specific surface area was characterized using XRD pattern, DLS and BET analyses, respectivley. The data obtained from spectroscopic analyses specified the formation of mesoporous, positively charged and highly stabilized CuO nanoparticles due to adsorption of phytochemicals present in Solanum nigrum leaf extract on the CuO nanoparticle’s surface. SN@CuO NPs have shown promising catalytic activity towards reduction of highly carcinogenic dye Congo red making use of sodium borohydride. Negatively charged reactants like anionic Congo red molecules and BH4− ions eagerly adsorbed on positively charged, small sizes (5–6 nm), mesoporous SN@CuO NPs surface having wide surface area. It is proposed that BH4− ions interacted with SN@CuO NPs to form Cu tetrahydroborates dihydrogen bonded (DHB) tetrahedral L2Cu(ɳ2-BH4) complex, which is proved as an effective reducing agent. This complex acts as dihydrogen source for rapid reduction of azo bond. UV-visible, FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and LC-MS studies of reaction mixture at different reaction stages have shown that the major degradation intermediates were benzidine and α-naphthol. The apparent rate constants for the products at intermediate and final degradation stages have been found to be 0.468 min− 1 and 0.0189 min− 1, respectively. A plausible degradation mechanism for Congo red reduction has also been proposed in this study.

ANTIBIOTIC PROFILE AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF COPPER OXIDE NANOPARTICLES AGAINST Pseudomonas fluorescens ISOLATED FROM WOUND INFECTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (o3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haider Qassim Raheem ◽  
Takwa S. Al-meamar ◽  
Anas M. Almamoori
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Copper Oxide ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Copper Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Cuo Nps ◽  
Disk Diffusion Assay

Fifty specimens were collected from wound patients who visited Al-Hilla Teaching Hospital. The samples were grown on Blood and MacConkey agar for 24-48 hr at 37oC. The bacterial isolates which achieved as a pure and predominant growth from clinical samples as Pseudomonas fluorescens, were identified using morphological properties and Vitek2 system. The anti-bacterial activity of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) against was tested by (disk diffusion assay) using dilutions of (400, 200, 100, 50, 25, and 12.5‎µ‎g/ml). The (MIC and MBC) of each isolate was determined. CuO NPs shows wide spectrum antibacterial activity against tested bacteria with rise zone of inhibition diameter that is proportionate with the increase in nanoparticle concentration. The MIC of CuO NPs extended from 100-200‎µ‎g/ml and the MBC ranged from 200-400‎µ‎g/ml. The antibiotic profile was determined by Viteck 2 compact system (Biomérieux). CuO NPs‎ found highly effective and safe in P. fluorescens wounds infections comparing with used antibiotics.

PRECLINICAL STUDY OF THE VETERINARY DRUGS TOXICITY

1970 ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
E. K. Rakhmatullin ◽  
O. D. Sklyarov
Keyword(s):  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Preclinical Study ◽  
Veterinary Drugs ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Organ Systems

Preclinical study of the drugs toxicity was analysed it allows predicting the safety of veterinary drugs in laboratory animals. The fundamental normative instruments in the field of preclinical study of drugs for veterinary medicine and animal husbandry are Order of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation dated 06.03.2018 N 101 and GOST 33044-2014 Principles of Good Laboratory Practice. An important indicator of the preclinical study of the veterinary drugs is the determination (calculation) of median lethal dose value (lethal dose for half of the animals tested) or concentration (LD50 or LC50). Existing methods for determining this indicator make it possible at the initial study stage to determine the degree and class the drug of toxicity. Studying the symptoms of intoxication in the analysis of pharmacological substances one obtains significant information about the nature of the action of the future drug. The clinical manifestations of intoxication with damage to various organ systems are presented. As criteria for assessing the toxic effects of veterinary drugs it is recommended to determine LD50, cumulation coefficient, latitude index of therapeutic effects, dose level of toxic effects in the experiment which allows predicting the nature and degree of toxic effects of the drug even at the stage of preclinical veterinary drugs study.

Fuels Desulphurisation by Adsorbtion on Fe / Bentonite

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-486
Author(s):  
Constantin Sorin Ion ◽  
Mihaela Bombos ◽  
Gabriel Vasilievici ◽  
Dorin Bombos
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Pore Diameter ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Continuous System ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Atmospheric Distillation

Desulfurisation of atmospheric distillation gasoline and gas oil was performed by adsorption process on Fe/ bentonite. The adsorbent was characterized by determining the adsorption isotherms, specific surface area, pore volume and average pore diameter. Adsorption experiments of atmospheric distillation gasoline and gas oil were performed in continuous system at 280�320oC, 5 atm and volume hourly space velocities of 1�2 h-1. The efficiency of adsorption on Fe / bentonite was better at desulphurisation of gasoline versus gas oil.

scholarly journals Green copper oxide nanoparticles for lead, nickel, and cadmium removal from contaminated water

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa El Din Mahmoud ◽  
Khairia M. Al-Qahtani ◽  
Sahab O. Alflaij ◽  
Salma F. Al-Qahtani ◽  
Faten A. Alsamhan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Copper Oxide ◽  
Copper Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Cadmium Removal ◽  
Cuo Nps ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Isotherm And Kinetic Models ◽  
Lead Nickel

AbstractEnvironmentally friendly copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) were prepared with a green synthesis route without using hazardous chemicals. Hence, the extracts of mint leaves and orange peels were utilized as reducing agents to synthesize CuO NPs-1 and CuO NPs-2, respectively. The synthesized CuO NPs nanoparticles were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDX), BET surface area, Ultraviolet–Visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). Various parameters of batch experiments were considered for the removal of Pb(II), Ni(II), and Cd(II) using the CuO NPs such as nanosorbent dose, contact time, pH, and initial metal concentration. The maximum uptake capacity (qm) of both CuO NPs-1 and CuO NPs-2 followed the order of Pb(II) > Ni(II) > Cd(II). The optimum qm of CuO NPs were 88.80, 54.90, and 15.60 mg g−1 for Pb(II), Ni(II), and Cd(II), respectively and occurred at sorbent dose of 0.33 g L−1 and pH of 6. Furthermore, isotherm and kinetic models were applied to fit the experimental data. Freundlich models (R2 > 0.97) and pseudo-second-order model (R2 > 0.96) were fitted well to the experimental data and the equilibrium of metal adsorption occurred within 60 min.

scholarly journals Nanometer Pore Structure Characterization of Taiyuan Formation Shale in the Lin-Xing Area Based on Nitrogen Adsorption Experiments

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 298
Author(s):  
Chenlong Ding ◽  
Jinxian He ◽  
Hongchen Wu ◽  
Xiaoli Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Pore Structure ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Ordos Basin ◽  
Total Pore Volume ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Taiyuan Formation

Ordos Basin is an important continental shale gas exploration site in China. The micropore structure of the shale reservoir is of great importance for shale gas evaluation. The Taiyuan Formation of the lower Permian is the main exploration interval for this area. To examine the nanometer pore structures in the Taiyuan Formation shale reservoirs in the Lin-Xing area, Northern Shaanxi, the microscopic pore structure characteristics were analyzed via nitrogen adsorption experiments. The pore structure parameters, such as specific surface area, pore volume, and aperture distribution, of shale were calculated; the significance of the pore structure for shale gas storage was analyzed; and the main controlling factors of pore development were assessed. The results indicated the surface area and hole volume of the shale sample to be 0.141–2.188 m2/g and 0.001398–0.008718 cm3/g, respectively. According to the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) classification, mesopores and macropores were dominant in the pore structure, with the presence of a certain number of micropores. The adsorption curves were similar to the standard IV (a)-type isotherm line, and the hysteresis loop type was mainly similar to H3 and H4 types, indicating that most pores are dominated by open type pores, such as parallel plate-shaped pores and wedge-shaped slit pores. The micropores and mesopores provide the vast majority of the specific surface area, functioning as the main area for the adsorption of gas in the shale. The mesopores and macropores provide the vast majority of the pore volume, functioning as the main storage areas for the gas in the shale. Total organic carbon had no notable linear correlation with the total pore volume and the specific surface area. Vitrinite reflectance (Ro) had no notable correlation with the specific surface area, but did have a low “U” curve correlation with the total pore volume. There was no relationship between the quartz content and specific surface area and total pore volume. In addition, there was no notable correlation between the clay mineral content and total specific surface area and total pore volume.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document