scholarly journals THE BENEFITS OF ACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN KALANCHOE PINNATA (LMK) PERS ETHYL ACETATE FRACTION ON LUPUS ARTHRITIS MICE

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niken Indriyanti ◽  
Joewono Soeroso ◽  
Junaidi Khotib
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Joint Damage ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Tissue Structure ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Kalanchoe Pinnata

Ethyl acetate fraction of Kalanchoe pinnata (Lmk) Pers leaves (EF-KP) is a potential material to be developed for lupus treatment. The aim of this research was to measure the effects of the EF-KP on lupus arthritis mice.  The research was performed by testing of CD123+IFN-α+ dendritic cells and CD68+IL-6+ macrophages as the main biomarkers by using flow cytometry methods, and then the outcomes were directly observed in the joint’s tissue structure. The results of the research were analyzed by using statistics. The EF-KP reduces the relative percentages of CD123+IFN-α+ dendritic cells significantly (p<0.05) with the percentage of 32.95±8.25% (negative control); 23.28±9.31%* (EF-KP); 22.98±10.39%* (positive control). It also reduces the relative percentages of CD68+IL-6+ macrophages but not significantly (p>0.05). Finally, the outcome to the grade of joint damage was scored by using Pritzker method. The treated groups have one grade lower, and the joint spaces were narrower than the untreated group. The results show the ability of the active compounds in EF-KP, which are comparable to 0.042 mg/Kg quercetin, to inhibit the progress of lupus arthritis pathogenesis in mice. It reveals the effectiveness of the EF-KP in human with lupus arthritis. However, the further clinical research is necessary.

Effect of Chayote (Sechium Edule Jacq. Swartz) Extract on Level of Interleukin-8 in Wistar Rats with Aspirin-Induced Gastritis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrika Andriana Silitonga ◽  
◽  
Gontar Alamsyah Siregar ◽  
Rosita Juwita Sembiring ◽  
Marline Nainggolan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Interleukin 8 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sechium Edule

ABSTRACT Background: Recent studies showed that Interleukin-8 (IL-8), activated cytokine immune response which plays an important role in the development of acute and chronic gastritis. Harmless anti-inflammatory therapeutic alternatives have been proposed, for example, the consumption of Sechium Edule Jacq. Swartz (chayote). Antioxidant (flavonoid) and cell regeneration (alkaloid) agents were found in chayote. This study aimed to determine the effect of chayote Sechium Edule Jacq. Swartz extracts on the level of IL-8 in Wistar rats with aspirin- induced gastritis. Subjects and Method: This was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted at the laboratory of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Sumatra Utara from January to February 2020. A total of 35 male Wistar rats was selected for this study and randomly allocated into 7 groups: (1) Negative control; (2) Positive control; (3) 100 mg/ kg BW chayote ethanol extract ; (4) 200 mg/kg BW chayote ethanol extract; (5) 100 mg/ kg BW chayote ethyl acetate fraction; (6) 200 mg/kg BW chayote ethyl acetate fraction; and (7) 20 mg omeprazole. The rats in positive control and treatment groups were induced with aspirin (200mg/ kg BW). The negative control group received no intervention. The dependent variable was level of IL-8 measured by ELISA. The independent variables were treatment status. The data were analyzed by One Way Anova and post hoc test. Results: The mean differences of IL-8 level were not statistically significant between study groups (p= 0.327). Mean of IL-8 level was higher in positive control group (Mean= 160.80; SD= 6.90) than in negative control group (Mean= 141.20; SD= 10.98). The lowest IL-8 level was in 100mg/ kg BW chayote ethanol extract group (Mean= 149.94; SD= 40.4), followed by 200mg/ kg BW (Mean= 152.4; SD= 30.73) and 100mg/ kg BW (Mean= 164.60; SD= 25.04) chayote ethyl acetate fraction groups, 20 mg omeprazole group (Mean= 170.60; SD= 21.58), and 200 mg/ kg BW chayote ethanol extract group (Mean= 176.80; SD= 10.98). Conclusion: The low dose (100mg/ kg BW) chayote ethanol extract has the most potential antiinflammation effect on in vitro gastritis with the lowest IL-8 level of all doses of chayote ethanol extract, chayote ethyl acetate fraction, and omeprazole. Keywords: antiinflammation, IL-8, chayote ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction, omeprazole, aspirin induced gastritis Correspondence: Hendrika Andriana Silitonga. Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Methodist Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6281361430688. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.35

scholarly journals PENDAYAGUNAAN DUA JENIS ZINGIBERACEAE [C. mangga (temu mangga) dan K. angustifolia (kunci menir)] SEBAGAI SUMBER BAHAN IMUNOMODULATOR SECARA IN VITRO

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 435
Author(s):  
Praptiwi . ◽  
Chairul .
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Phyllanthus Niruri ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Macrophage Cells ◽  
Almost All

Observation of imunomodulation properties of methanol extract derive (hexane,ethyl acetate, methanol/water) of Curcuma mangga (temu mangga) and Kaempferia angustifolia (kunci menir) had been carried out by in vitro assay. It was done by determining the phagocytised activity and capacity of macrophage cells of mice (Mus musculus) peritonium inducted with Staphyllococcus epidermidis. The result showed that each fraction had different phagocytised activity and capacity. Almost all of the fractions tested improved the activity (50–96 %) and capacity macrophage cells phagocytised compared to negative control (52 dan 502) and positive control (97 dan 1076). The positive control was 1000 ug Stimuno (Phyllanthus niruri extract), while the negative control was aquadest. The ethyl acetate fraction of Z. cassumunar (bangle) had highestphagocytised activity and capacity followed by C. mangga (temu mangga) and K. Angustifolia (kunci menir). It can be concluded that there were significant differences of phagocytised activity and capacity among fraction tested.Keywords : Zingiberaceae, Curcuma mangga, Kaempferia rotunda, Zingibercassumunar, immunomodulator, phagocytised, macrophage cells.

scholarly journals Antihyperuricemia Activity of the Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Bilimbi Leaves (Averrhoa bilimbi L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Fitra Fauziah ◽  
Ifora Ifora ◽  
Silvi Karlila Sari
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Biological Marker ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
The Body ◽  
Flavonoid Compounds ◽  
Traditional Medicinal Plants ◽  
Potassium Oxonate

Hyperuricemia is a condition where there is an increase in uric acid levels above normal. An increase in the number of leukocytes is also a biological marker of hyperuricemia. The leaves of bilimbi (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) are one of the traditional medicinal plants which contain alkaloids, tannins, steroids, and flavonoid compounds. Flavonoid compounds are thought to inhibit the formation of uric acid in the body. This study investigates the antihyperuricemia activity of the ethyl acetate fraction of bilimbi leaves. The animals were male white mice grouped into six groups: the normal group, negative control, positive control (allopurinol), and the group was given the ethyl acetate fraction of bilimbi leaves at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW. Hyperuricemia induction is by giving high-purine diets and potassium oxonate. The results showed that the variation of the ethyl acetate fraction of bilimbi leaves significantly reduce uric acid levels and the number of leukocyte cells (sig <0.05). Giving ethyl acetate fraction at a dose of 400 mg/kg BW showed the best reduction in uric acid and leukocyte levels.

scholarly journals Antibacterial potential test for Scheonoplectus Triqueter (L) Palla

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 941-944
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Kanamycin Sulfate

Our present investigation aims to test the antibacterial action of Scheonoplectus triqueter (L) palla against the gram negative bacteria i.e. Escherichia coli and gram positive bacteria i.e staphylococcus aureus. The crude extract is taken in ethanol which is then fractionated into a different fraction in n-hexane, ethyl acetate, di-chloro methane (DCM) and water.The fractions are then separately applied to E.coli and s.aureus bacterial strains. Ampicillin (10 micro gram), Clindamycin (2 microgram) and Kanamycin sulfate (30 microgram) are used as a positive control while di-methyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is used as negative control. The result of antibacterial activity of Scheonoplectus triqueter (L) palla revealed to us that n-hexane section of the crude extractdisplayed relatively highest activity for E.coli (gram negative bacteria) and ethyl acetate fraction displayed relatively high activity for S.aureus (gram positive bacteria).

scholarly journals Preservative activity of Xylopia aethiopica fruits bio-active fractions on fresh meat

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 308-314
Author(s):  
M.A. Bagwai ◽  
A.M. Magashi ◽  
A. Bukar
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Food Preservation ◽  
Active Fraction ◽  
Fresh Meat ◽  
Important Concern ◽  
Natural Preservatives

The availability of food and its accessibility to people has been an important concern in most developing countries where food preservation techniques have been very inadequate. In comparison with synthetic additives, natural preservatives may be more acceptable to consumers and regulatory agencies and also potentially of benefit to human health. Fractionation of crude ethanolic extract, phytochemical screenings of fractions, evaluation of antimicrobial and preservative activity were carried out. GC-MS on the most active fraction was also carried out. Phytochemical screening uncovered the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, steroids, tannins and terpenoids. Antimicrobial activity results showed S. aureus with 18.33+0.33mm zone of inhibition and Aspergillus niger had least activity with 15.33+0.33mm at 4000µg/ml. The activity of the ethyl acetate fraction at highest concentration (4000µg/ml) against S. aureus was found to be not significant (p>0.05). Results of GC-MS analysis revealed the identity of the bio active compounds in the fraction such as phenols and terpinen-4-ol. The meat treated with 5% ethyl acetate fraction, recorded pH of 6.75 compared with negative control 7.74 while 5% vinegar (positive control) showed pH of 6.58 at 96 hours of storage. At 48 hours of storage, there were significant differences (P<0.05) in the pH of the treated meat with fractions, vinegar and untreated were observed. The sensory evaluation of the preserved meat by the judges showed meat treated with 5% vinegar had 50% likeness while meat treated with 5% ethyl acetate fraction recorded 30% likeness at 96 hours of storage. Key words: Preservative, Phytochemical, bio active, fraction, Antimicrobial

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT KULIT BUAH JERUK NIPIS (Citrus aurantifolia (Christ) Swing) SEBAGAI ANTIPIRETIK PADA MENCIT YANG DIINDUKSI VAKSIN DPT

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-349
Author(s):  
Satrio Wibowo Rahmatullah ◽  
◽  
Eka Fitri Susiani ◽  
Muhammad Reza Fahlevi ◽  
Guntur Kurniawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Citrus Aurantifolia ◽  
Antipyretic Activity ◽  
Group I ◽  
Test Result

Lime (Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swing) is one of the types of oranges containing elements of compounds that are beneficial, so widely used as traditional medicine. This research aims to know the antipyretic activity of ethyl acetate fraction peel of lime. Phytochemical screening test result fraction ethyl acetate lemon rind contains flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids and essential oils. Total of 25 mice were divided into 5 groups, group I negative control, group II positive control, group III,IV,V were given ethyl acetate fraction at a dose of 0,07%/gBW,, 0,105%/gBWand 0,14%/gBW. Based on the results of graph average temperatures decrease the dose that the third has antipyretic activity because it can lower the temperature and the largest decreased in temperature at a dose 0,14%/gBW. Based on the test result ANOVA obtained sig. value 0,000. which means there is a temperature difference of meaning between 5 group treatment. And on Independent Test Sample T-test between a positive control with a dose 0,14%/gBW the value of sig. 0,601 (> 0,05) which means there is no meaningful difference.

scholarly journals Activity of Ethanol Fraction of Luffa Acutangula (L.) Roxb. on Cholesterol Reduction in Dyslipidemic Hamster

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
Daniek Viviandhari ◽  
Rini Prastiwi ◽  
Elva Fitriani Puspitasari ◽  
Pegi Perdianti
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Water Fraction

National data shows the prevalence of coronary heart disease is 3,6%. The prevalence of dyslipidemia is around 35,9%. Dyslipidemia has a causal relationship with cardiovascular disease. Based on previous research, 70% ethanolic extract of Ridge Gourd has been shown to have antihyperlipidemic activity. This study aimed to study the activity of 70% ethanolic extract fraction of Ridge Gourd in decreasing the levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), and triglycerides in hyperlipidemic hamsters. A total of 32 hamster were divided into 8 groups. Negative control, normal control, positive control (using atorvastatin dose 1,24 mg/kg body weight), positive control (fenofibrate dose 12,35 mg/kg body weight), ethyl acetate fraction, n-hexane fraction, water fraction (fraction doses 36,75 mg/kg body weight), and ethanol extract group (extract dose of 240 mg/kg body weight). The results showed that fraction group (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, water) and ethanol extract group experienced a decrease in total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides levels. Statistical analysis with one-way ANOVA showed an effect on the treatment given (p = 0,005). Tukey's test showed that ethyl acetate fraction group had an effect comparable to positive control with a decrease in total cholesterol,  LDL-C, and triglycerides level by 56,03%, 52,14%, and 59,51% consecutively. Ethyl acetate fraction (doses 36,75 mg/kg body weight) was the most effective fraction in reducing total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Sechium edule Jacq. Swartz Extract Changes in the Histopathology of Aspirin-Induced Rat Gastritis Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (A) ◽  
pp. 1252-1257
Author(s):  
Hendrika Silitonga ◽  
Gontar A. Siregar ◽  
Rosita Juwita Sembiring ◽  
Marline Nainggolan
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltration ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

BACKGROUND: Gastritis is one of the most common diseases found in internal medicine clinics and daily life. AIM: The purpose of this study was to determine the histopathological changes of gastric rat model of aspirin-induced gastritis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Group K(−) is a negative control (normal) not given any treatment, Group K(+) is a positive control induced by aspirin 200 mg/kgBW, Group 1 (P1) is a treatment group induced by aspirin 200 mg/kgBW with ethanol extract of chayote 100 mg/kgBW, po, Group 2 (P2) was the treatment group induced by aspirin 200 mg/kgBW with ethanol extract of chayote 200 mg/kgBW, po, Group 3 (P3) was the treatment group induced by aspirin 200 mg/kgBW with ethyl acetate fraction chayote 100 mg/kgBW, PO, Group 4 (P4) was the treatment group induced by aspirin 200 mg/kgBW with ethyl acetate fraction chayote 200 mg/kgBW, PO, and Group 5 (P5) was the treatment group induced by aspirin 200 mg/kgBW with omeprazole 20 mg. RESULTS: Analysis of the results of inflammatory infiltration in gastric histopathology in Groups P1, P2, P3, and P4 showed mild inflammatory infiltration compared to Groups P(5) and K(+). The description of the acinar glands on gastric histopathology showed that the P2 group gave a better picture of the acinar gland repair than the K(+), P2, P3, P4, and P5 groups. CONCLUSION: This study showed that ethanol extracts of squash 200 mg/KgBW own effectiveness as an anti-inflammatory on the improvement of infiltration of inflammatory and picture histopathological gastric mice compared with the ethanol extract of squash 100 mg/kg, the fraction of ethyl acetate chayote 100 mg/KgBW and 200 mg/KgBW and omeprazole 20 mg.

scholarly journals UJI EFEKTIVITAS SEDIAAN GEL FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT DAUN JAMBU BIJI (Psidium guajava Linn) TERHADAP PENYEMBUHAN LUKA TERBUKA PADA MENCIT (Mus musculus)

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Lydia Septa Desiyana ◽  
Muhammad Ali Husni ◽  
Seila Zhafira
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Guava Leaf

Guava leaf has various benefits, one of them is accelerating the healing process of a wound. This study aims to formulate the ethyl acetate fraction into a gel form and test the effectiveness of gel formulation toward open wounds in 16 male mices (Mus musculus) which made excision 1 cm circular full thickness wound on the back of mice parallel with Os. vetebra. The ethyl acetate fraction of guava leaf has been made into concentrations of 5% and 7% with base gel used as negative control and Bioplacenton as positive control. The evaluation towards ethyl acetate fraction gels showed the gels have green-yellow color, guava odor, homogenous, relevant pH to the skin 6,31-6,51, and spread over 2,8-3 cm (stiff gel). The gels were applied onto the wounds twice a day for about 21 days. The observation was conducted every day towards the scab formation day, scab chipped day, and wound healing day. The data were analyzed statistically using one way ANOVA then continued with Tukey test. The average day for scab formation, scab chipped, and wound healing process, successively are in the negative control i.e. 6,50 ; 13,50 ; 20,25, then positive control of  3,75 ; 11,00 ; 17,25, for gel with 5% concentration,  3,75 ; 9,75 ; 16,50, and gel with 7% concentration,  4,50 ; 12,00 ; 18,25. The statistical result showed that the ethyl acetats fraction  could accelerate the scab formation (p0,05) and the open-wound healing (p0,05) in mice than the control negative (p0,05), but not in the scab exfoliation (p0,05). Gel concentration 5% accelerated faster in forming the scab, flaking off the scab, and  healing the wound compared with the gel concentration of 7%. 

scholarly journals Potensi Biji Orok-orok (Crotalaria juncea L.) sebagai Kandidat Obat Insomnia

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmiyenti Djaliasrin Djalil ◽  
Siti Musyarofah ◽  
Bayu Satria Nugroho Putra ◽  
Erza Genatrika ◽  
Ika Yuni Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Crotalaria Juncea ◽  
Sedative Activity

ABSTRAK Insomnia merupakan gangguan yang menyebabkan penderita mengalami ketidakmampuan untuk mencukupi kebutuhan tidur. Pemilihan terapi insomnia di Desa Lembarawa, Brebes, secara empiris biasanya menggunakan biji orok-orok (Crotalaria juncea L.) sebagai sedatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan bahwa biji orok-orok memiliki potensi sebagai sedatif dengan dosis yang tepat. Biji orok-orok diekstrak menggunakan pelarut metanol. Ekstrak yang diperoleh selanjutnya difraksinasi dengan pelarut etil asetat dan metanol. Ekstrak dan fraksi yang diperoleh kemudian diujikan terhadap mencit. Mencit dibagi menjadi 12 kelompok, kelompok I kontrol positif (fenobarbital 60 mg/Kg BB) kelompok II kontrol negatif (NaCMC 1%), kelompok III-IV merupakan kelompok perlakuan ekstrak metanol dengan konsentrasi 50 dan 200 mg/Kg BB, kelompok V-VIII merupakan fraksi etil asetat dengan konsentrasi berturut-turut 7,5; 15; 22,5; dan 30 mg/Kg BB, kelompok IX-XII merupakan fraksi metanol dengan konsentrasi berturut-turut 25, 50, 75, dan 100 mg/Kg BB. Parameter yang digunakan adalah daya cengkeram mencit, reflek balik badan mencit, diameter pupil mata, serta daya jatuh menit. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa fraksi etil asetat dan metanol memiliki efek sedatif. Efek sedatif paling baik ditunjukkan oleh fraksi metanol 100 mg/Kg BB yang mendukung terapi untuk insomnia. Kata kunci: biji orok-orok, Crotalaria juncea L., sedatif. ABSTRACT Insomnia is a disruption that can not supply the needs of sleeping. In Lembarawa, Brebes, insomnia was treated empirically using Crotalaria Juncea L. (orok-orok). The purpose of this study was to prove that the seeds of Crotalaria juncea L. had potential as a sedative. Orok-orok seeds methanolic extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and methanolic fraction were observed as a sedative. Mice were divided into 12 groups: positive control group (phenobarbital 60 mg/Kg BW), negative control group (Na CMC 1%), methanolic extract of orok-orok seeds with doses of 50 and 100 mg/Kg BW, ethyl acetate fraction with doses of 7.5; 15; 22.5; and 30 mg/Kg BW, methanolic extract with doses of 25; 50; 75; and 100 mg/Kg BW. The sedative activity was investigated in mice including diameter mouse’s pupil, grip strange performances, return mice reflect, and rotarod performances. The results suggest that methanolic extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and methanolic fraction of orok-orok seeds possess potent sedative activity. The highest activity was obtained by using 100 mg/Kg BW of methanolic fraction, which supported its therapeutic use for insomnia. Keywords: Crotalaria juncea L., Orok-orok seeds, a sedative.

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