scholarly journals Acoustic Performance Evaluation of Sugarcane Bagasse Using Ambient Sound Meter and Scanning Electron Microscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1985-1996
Author(s):  
Aarushi Nigam
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Transmission Loss ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Green Materials ◽  
Sound Barriers

Abstract: Non-stop research is afoot to replace synthetic materials with green-materials for sound absorption purposes. Employing of agricultural waste as building materials has been a successful trend throughout the years. This research targets to utilize sugarcane bagasse (SB) fibers as sound barriers with sodium silicate as an adhesive. The SB fibers were treated in an alkaline solution for delignification and to improve the surface morphology. The SB fibers were casted into sheet and further tested for sound transmission loss. Experimentation revealed that the fabricated sheets can be viable option as a sound absorbing medium. A tubular porous structure was observed through Field Emission Scanning Microscope (FESEM). It has the capability to be used as a low-cost, biodegradable, and eco-friendly acoustic material as compared to glass wool and other synthetic acoustic materials. Keywords: Acoustic material, Alkali-treatment, Ambience, FESEM microscopy, Low-cost, Natural fiber, Performance, Sugarcane Bagasse, Sustainability

scholarly journals Performance and Evaluation of Low Cost Sugarcane Bagasse - Polypropylene Biocomposites as Candidate Material for Automotive Parcel Tray

2018 ◽  
Vol 923 ◽  
pp. 40-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Anggono ◽  
Suwandi Sugondo ◽  
Rassy Alim ◽  
Hariyati Purwaningsih ◽  
Aria Wibawa
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Longitudinal Orientation ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
Performance And Evaluation

Many auto manufacturers such as Mercedes Benz, Toyota and DaimlerChrysler have already embraced natural fiber composites into both interior and exterior parts and are looking to expand the uses of this composites. They have to balance the changing public demands of greater comfort, better driving performances, and higher safety standards with the environmental requirements. Based on the preliminary study using 20 to 30 wt.% NaOH treated sugarcane bagasse fibers to make biocomposites with polypropylene matrix, the tensile strength obtained was variably, in the range between 8.31 to 20.59 MPa. A further study was required to improve the strength of the composites in comparison with the specified flexural strength required by the industry for automotive parcel tray. The sugarcane bagasse fibers obtained from the sugar mill were used and alkali treated with 10% v/v NaOH at various soaking time of 2, 4, and 6 hours. Biocomposite samples were prepared from 25/75 wt.% ratio sugarcane fibers/polypropylene (PP). The highest tensile strength of 14.35 MPa was obtained from the samples with sugarcane fibers receiving two-hour alkali treatment. However, the highest flexural strength (37.78 MPa) was gained on the samples made from sugarcane fibers with 4 hours alkali treatment. This value has met the strength specification of two materials for current parcel trays which were made from monomaterial of polypropylene and woodboard composite which their flexural strengths were 35.6 MPa and 37.57 MPa, respectively. Structural studies using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on the fracture surface of tensile tested samples show two different orientations of bagasse fibres in PP matrix, i.e. a group was in longitudinal orientation and other in transversal orientation.

scholarly journals Appropriate Green Materials for Affordable Building Construction in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 986-991
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
High Price ◽  
North Central ◽  
Green Materials

There are severe issues for the deficiency of affordable house for low-income earners in developing countries such as Nigeria. The high cost of conventional materials has been established to be one the major factors that heightened the cost of building in recent times. However the integration of green building materials that are relevant and sustainable for building construction in the present dispensation will provide excellent solutions to overcome high price of construction. The study was carried out on all the available green materials in north-central Nigeria. Surveyed instrument was prepared and distributed to building professional experts that are registered member of various professional bodies in the building sector. Four hundred questionnaires were distributed in the north-central zone. Three hundred five questionnaires that were filled correctly was used for the data analyses. Analysis of moments (AMOS) software through the structural equation model (SEM) was used to analysis and generated a model for the study. The result discloses that earth bricks, stone/rocks, timber, Bamboo, thatches, straw fibre, and rice husk are very relevant green materials that can be used to achieve affordable building construction. Therefore, the use and integration of green materials in building construction will produce low cost housing units

Effect of Rice Husk Ash (RHA) on Physical Property and Mechanical Strength of Concrete

2015 ◽  
Vol 1115 ◽  
pp. 150-155
Author(s):  
Maisarah Ali ◽  
Mohd Syafiq Fadzil ◽  
Siti Asmahani Saad
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Highly Active

Fast depleting natural resources, huge consumption of energy, and environmental hazards involved in the production of cement has inspired researchers to find partial replacement of cement using other or similar materials. Rice husk ash (RHA), an agricultural waste, is classified as “a highly active pozzolan” because it contains a very high amount of amorphous silica and a large surface area. Rice husk is natural fiber that has the advantages of low density, low cost and biodegradable. In Malaysia paddy is grown locally especially in northern states of Peninsular Malaysia. Rice husk is a by-product of paddy being process into rice. These make it a natural candidate for cement replacement agent especially in Paddy producing countries. In this paper, RHA was introduced as the micro filler in concrete mixtures. The replacement of RHA which is lighter as compared to the Ordinary Portland Cement results in decreasing density of cement fiber composite and less permeable concrete.

Design and Manufacturing Bio Composite (Sugarcane Bagasse – Polyvinyl Acetate) Panel that Characterized Thermal Conductivity

2014 ◽  
Vol 893 ◽  
pp. 504-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pringgo Widyo Laksono ◽  
Taufiq Rochman ◽  
Hari Setyanto ◽  
Eko Pujiyanto ◽  
Kuncoro Diharjo
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Polyvinyl Acetate ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Composite Panel ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Characteristic Resistance

The use of sugarcane bagasse for providing avaibility of raw material have been attracting attention. The benefits using natural fiber such as sugarcane bagasse are eco-friendly, low cost considerations because widespread avaibility, high stiffness, better thermal stability, and biodegradability. Sugarcane bagasse and (Polyvinyl acetate, PVAc) have been shown to possess the ability of being applied as raw material for manufacturing of bio composite panel at 10mm thickness (fixed variable) by three mesh sizes (20,30 dan 40) with ratio of the composition 95:5, 90:10 and 85:15%. The specimen have been emphasized at 3:2 and 2:1. This research was conducted to investigate possibility of manufacturing bio composite panel that its characteristic resistance to the thermal conductivity. This bio composite speciments were tested for thermal conductivity test according to ASTM E-1225. The results revealed that optimum design for bio composite panel obtained that emphasis at 3:2, filtered by mesh size 20, ratio composition sugarcane bagasse 85% and PVAc 15%. The test result shown that panel has thermal conductivity resistance value (R) 17,089 °C/W. Thus, it can be concluded that bio composite panel can be manufactured successfully from sugarcane bagasse and PVAc as the matrix mixture.

scholarly journals Effect of Curing Temperature on the Mechanical Strength of Alkali Activated Laterite Geopolymeric Samples

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Fahmi ◽  
◽  
Alireza Babaeian amini ◽  
Yaser Marabi ◽  
Sohrab Rafati Zavaragh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Green Materials ◽  
New Type

A huge amount of carbon dioxide is released in the Portland cement production process. A large quantity of greenhouse gases is produced because of the significant amount of energy consumption via making bricks through firing. Using the pozzolanic sources containing the aluminosilicate and alkaline reagents, a new type of green materials called geopolymeric materials are produced with quite lower environmental hazards. The use of laterite as an iron-rich aluminosilicate material has a high potential for building materials. In this study, the effect of the curing temperature and characteristics of the alkaline reagent including the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution and the water-glass to sodium hydroxide mass mixing ratio on the mechanical strength of the laterite-based, oven-cured geopolymer samples was investigated. The results showed that the curing temperature had a significant effect on the compressive strength of the laterite-based geopolymer samples so that with a 15°C change at the curing temperature, the compressive strength of the samples could be multiplied and a sharp increase in the mechanical strength could occur. Also, according to the results of this study, the 6 M sodium hydroxide is recommended for the construction of the laterite-based geopolymer materials with low cost and relatively high strength, and for the construction of higher-strength building materials, the 14 M sodium hydroxide is recommended.

scholarly journals Valorization of Hemp Hurds as Bio-Sourced Additives in PLA-Based Biocomposites

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 3786
Author(s):  
Sina Momeni ◽  
Muhammad Safder ◽  
Mohammad Abu Hasan Khondoker ◽  
Anastasia Leila Elias
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Plant Fibers ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Alkaline Peroxide ◽  
Hemp Hurd

Sourced from agricultural waste, hemp hurds are a low-cost renewable material with high stiffness; however, despite their potential to be used as low-cost filler in natural fiber reinforced polymer biocomposites, they are often discarded. In this study, the potential to add value to hemp hurds by incorporating them into poly(lactic acid) (PLA) biopolymer to form bio-based materials for packaging applications is investigated. However, as with many plant fibers, the inherent hydrophilicity of hemp hurds leads to inferior filler-matrix interfacial interactions, compromising the mechanical properties of the resulting biocomposites. In this study, two chemical treatments, alkaline (NaOH) and alkaline/peroxide (NaOH/H2O2) were employed to treat hemp hurds to improve their miscibility with poly(lactic acid) (PLA) for the formation of biocomposites. The effects of reinforcement content (5, 10, and 15 wt. %), chemical treatments (purely alkaline vs. alkaline/peroxide) and treatment cycles (1 and 3 cycles) on the mechanical and thermal properties of the biocomposites were investigated. The biocomposites of treated hemp hurd powder exhibited enhanced thermal stability in the temperature range commonly used to process PLA (130–180 °C). The biocomposites containing 15 wt. % hemp hurd powder prepared using a single-cycle alkaline/peroxide treatment (PLA/15APHH1) exhibited a Young’s modulus of 2674 MPa, which is 70% higher than that of neat PLA and 9.3% higher than that of biocomposites comprised of PLA containing the same wt. % of untreated hemp hurd powder (PLA/15UHH). Furthermore, the tensile strength of the PLA/15APHH1 biocomposite was found to be 62.6 MPa, which was 6.5% lower than that of neat PLA and 23% higher than that of the PLA/15UHH sample. The results suggest that the fabricated PLA/hemp hurd powder biocomposites have great potential to be utilized in green and sustainable packaging applications.

Processing of Agricultural Biomass for Producing Reinforced Polymer Composites

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birce Dikici ◽  
Samarth Motagi ◽  
Prahruth Kantamani ◽  
Suma Ayyagari ◽  
Gustavo Villarroel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Vinyl Ester ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

Abstract Fast growing plants or biomass wastes can be used as affordable and environmentally sustainable alternatives to synthetic insulation materials. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanical properties (tensile strength and Young’s modulus) of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites as potential building materials. As a natural fiber, Bermuda grass seeds, conifer cones and pinecones are selected. The fundamental processes to develop nanofiber reinforced resin by processing agricultural waste fibers into nanocellulose is also investigated. Tensile tests are conducted to define stress/strain relationship. SEM tests are conducted to evaluate the surface topologies after fracture. The tensile fracture surfaces of composites were investigated. With the addition of Bermuda fibers, the stiffness of the vinyl ester sample was observed to increase by 624.2% compared to neat vinyl ester sample. With the addition of nanocellulose fibers, the stiffness of the composite was observed to increase by 53.3% compared to neat vinyl ester sample.

scholarly journals Environmental Impact of Food Packaging Materials: A Review of Contemporary Development from Conventional Plastics to Polylactic Acid Based Materials

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 4994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindani Koketso Ncube ◽  
Albert Uchenna Ude ◽  
Enoch Nifise Ogunmuyiwa ◽  
Rozli Zulkifli ◽  
Isaac Nongwe Beas
Keyword(s):  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Packaging Materials ◽  
Green Composites ◽  
Green Materials ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Contemporary Development

Plastics have remained the material of choice, and after serving their intended purpose, a large proportion ends up in the environment where they persist for centuries. The packaging industry is the largest and growing consumer of synthetic plastics derived from fossil fuels. Food packaging plastics account for the bulk of plastic waste that are polluting the environment. Additionally, given the fact that petroleum reserves are finite and facing depletion, there is a need for the development of alternative materials that can serve the same purpose as conventional plastics. This paper reviews the function of packaging materials and highlights the future potential of the adoption of green materials. Biopolymers have emerged as promising green materials although they still have very low market uptake. Polylactic acid (PLA) has emerged as the most favoured bioplastic. However, it is limited by its high cost and some performance drawbacks. Blending with agricultural waste and natural fillers can result in green composites at low cost, low greenhouse gas emissions, and with improved performance for food packaging applications. The continent of Africa is proposed as a rich source of fibres and fillers that can be sustainably exploited to fabricate green composites in a bid to achieve a circular economy.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of the Natural Fiber and Artificial Fibre as an Admixture in M30 Grade Concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sugar Cane Bagasse ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Good Strength ◽  
Artificial Fibre ◽  
Concrete Mix ◽  
Good Improvement

The Sugarcane Bagasse which is produced in tones every year which can cause inconvenience to environment, we use this material as one of the admixtures in the concrete mix to reduce its effect on surroundings. As we add the material, we can economize the total expenditure on the construction. By using this we are able to improve the ordinary Portland cement through means of strength which can rise the durability of the structure. By using these materials in proportions, we produce various nominal conventional concrete mixes which are very economical and suitable for any environmental conditions. We want to use the sugarcane bagasse as the main source is an eco-friendly material, but only with this material we can’t get good strength hence it imparts strength to the concrete we are using the combination of the sugar cane bagasse and the optical fiber as an admixture. Here the test results give good improvement. Hence low-cost materials with good strength is obtained.

Green Materials Comparison of Sawdust and Coconut Fiber Acoustical Waffle Panel

2015 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 221-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erni Setyowati ◽  
G. Hardiman ◽  
Sugeng Tirta Atmaja
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Transmission Loss ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
A Value ◽  
Green Materials ◽  
Absorber Material ◽  
Wide Range

The natural wealth of Indonesia produces a wide range of natural resources. This research will discuss sawdust and coconut fiber for example from natural resources which can be processed into building materials. Various researches have studied the absorber made from sawdust and coconut fiber, but only a few studies that made the absorber material that had the texture of waffle on its surface. The research method used was the method comparisons of density, absorption coefficient and Sound Transmission Loss (STL). The result is that the waffle panel from sawdust has a higher density than the waffle panel made of coconut fiber. The STL of the coconut fiber panel has ranged between 46,134 – 51,312 dB. This value is lower than the STL material of sawdust that has a value between 47,301 – 62,688 STL. The absorption coefficient of coconut fiber panels is 0,432–0,511, while the absorption coefficient of sawdust panel has range of 0,469 – 0,529.

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