Reactive lesions of the oral cavity - A retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 809-816
Author(s):  
Sivaharini S ◽  
Herald J. Sherlin ◽  
Vivek Narayan
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
Complete Dentures ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time Period

Reactive lesions are tumor-like growth and are non-neoplastic in nature. The external and internal stimuli give rise to reactive lesions. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence and of the oral reactive lesions in an institutional setup.  This is a single center cross-sectional retrospective study where records of patients with reactive lesions were collected from 86000 patients visiting Saveetha Dental College during the time period of June 2019 to March 2020. Descriptive statistical methods were used and recorded on data forms. The data were analyzed using SPSS, chi-square tests. 225 patients were identified with reactive lesions. 81(36.2%) patients had tobacco pouch Keratosis, followed by 59 (26.3%) patients with Keratosis. 144 (64%) patients were not wearing or using any prosthesis. However, 44 (19.6%) patients were using temporary partial dentures and 22 (9.8%) patients were using complete dentures. Of all the cases examined,168 (74.7%) were male 57(25.3%) were female. The most commonly affected anatomical site was the gingiva with 64 (28.4%) patients. A total of 155(68.9%) patients had poor oral hygiene  Tobacco pouch keratosis is the most commonly affected lesion. Attention to policies about controlling and preventing tobacco and the risk of malignant transformation must be stressed. Early detection and treatment of reactive lesions by dentists can reduce dentoalveolar complications.

scholarly journals 33. Concerning Trends of Pediatric Leprosy in Minas Gerais, Brazil and Associations with Number of Municipality Medical Facilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S17-S17
Author(s):  
Taylor Landay ◽  
Julie A Clennon ◽  
José A Ferreira ◽  
Lucia A Fraga ◽  
Maria Aparecida F Grossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
Age Of Diagnosis ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Incident Cases

Abstract Background Leprosy in children under 15 years of age, and in particular, the presence of leprosy grade 2 disability (G2D) in children, signifies ongoing transmission and the need for improved surveillance. Our objective was to describe the epidemiology of pediatric leprosy in Minas Gerais, Brazil and to explore associations with access to medical facilities. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Brazilian Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (SINAN) from 2002–2017. Incident cases were included if they resided in a municipality with both adult and pediatric cases. Municipalities were divided by the number of medical facilities per municipality: < 5, 5–17, and 18 or higher. Analyses compared pediatric cases across two time periods (2002–2009 and 2010–2017) and number of medical facilities / municipality using chi-square, t-tests, and logistic regression. Results A total of 27,725 cases were reported with 1,611 under 15 years of age. Overall incidence declined from 34.8 per 100,000 to 13.6 per 100,000 during the study period with pediatric incidence declining from 2.6 per 100,000 to 0.8 per 100,000. Time period 2 (TP2) showed an increase in the proportion of pediatric G2D (2.58% vs 1.91%, p < 0.0001) when compared to time period 1 (TP1). Mean age of diagnosis in children was younger in TP2 then in TP1 (10.06 vs 10.43, p=0.02). In 2017, the pediatric incidence in municipalities with the fewest medical facilities was 0.95 per 100,000 compared to 0.23 per 100,000 in municipalities with > 5 facilities (p=0.009). There was significantly higher odds of disability at diagnosis (grades 1 and 2) in pediatric cases residing in municipalities with < 5 medical facilities (aOR 1.88; 95% CI 1.37–2.59), adjusted for age and sex. See map (Fig 1). Figure 1. Cases of Pediatric Disability By Number of Municipality Medical Facilities from 2002–2017 (White areas without reported pediatric leprosy) Conclusion The increasing proportion of G2D in children in the second half of the study period despite declining incidence suggest occult infections among children and adults alike in Minas Gerais. Furthermore, the average age of diagnosis in children should increase, not decrease, if M. leprae transmission was truly declining. Lastly, the association between fewer municipality health facilities and increased disability suggest barriers to timely diagnosis and a critical area of focus for research into access to healthcare and leprosy risk. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

A cross-sectional study on the guideline adherence to antiemetic regimens for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: A single center retrospective study of 1000 patients.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cong Luo ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Qi Xu ◽  
Jingjing Li ◽  
Qing Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Dose Intensity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Complete Control ◽  
Delayed Cinv

Abstract Background Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is a common symptom in patients who undergoing chemotherapy, it is very important to control CINV to maintain dose intensity and patients' quality of life. To analyze the current situation of CINV for the tumor patients who undergoing chemotherapy, we used a cross-sectional survey to assess CINV status in those patients, and whether the drugs used by doctors in each department met the guidelines, and compared the incidence of acute and delayed CINV overall post-chemotherapy periods. Methods This was a single-center, cross-sectional retrospective study of patients with chemotherapy discharged from different departments of Zhejiang Cancer Hospital in China. Participants reported the occurrence, severity, and impact on daily life of nausea and vomiting from the day of chemotherapy administration up to 5 days, and physicians collected the clinical data from the medical records. Results Data were collected from 875 responses totally. In this study, the overall incidence rate of CINV was 44.34%, acute CINV was 24.57%, and delayed CINV was 39.66%. 19.89% patients had both acute and delayed CINV. The consistency rates of antiemetic with guideline in different departments showed significant gap between the actual usage of drugs and the recommended guidelines (P=0.001). In 875 patients, 518 patients received guideline recommended antiemetic regimen, the CINV rates of complete control (CC), defined as the absence of any symptoms, were 61.58%. While the CC rates in other 357 patients were 47.06%(P<0.001). Conclusion Overall, clinician adherence to antiemetic guideline recommendations in different departments remained poorly characterized with varying degrees. Future studies should focus on the complete rate as a primary end point rather than complete remission. The standardized management of CINV in patients need to be further strengthened and doctors need to use drugs more regularly to reduce the occurrence of CINV in patients.

scholarly journals ORAL HYGIENE BURUK PASIEN RAWAT INAP TIDAK BERKAITAN DENGAN PERTUMBUHAN ORAL CANDIDIASIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Addina Aimana Sabila ◽  
Ade Ismail A.K ◽  
Rochman Mujayanto
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
P Value ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Background: Nosocomial infections can develop in the oral cavity due to poor oral hygiene. Oral Candidiasis is one of the most frequent nosocomial infection in oral cavity. The objective of this study is to describe the oral hygiene and oral candidiasis in hospitalized patients. Method: This analitical observational study used cross sectional design. Subject of the study were 74 adult patients aged 20-65 who are hospitalized at the Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital Semarang. Oral hygiene assessed from the presence of debris and calculus on the tooth surface using Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHIS) that were grouped in three categories (good, moderate, bad). Oral candidiasis diagnosed through clinical examination and swab procedure of suspicious lesions, and identified the presence of its spores and hyphae under a microscope observation. Kendal Tau test is used to analyze the correlation between oral hygiene with oral candidiasis. Results: Results showed patients with oral candidiasis in the poor and moderate oral hygiene were 29.7% and 1.4%, whereas patients without oral candidiasis in the poor and moderate oral hygiene were 60.8% and 8.1%. Kendall Tau correlation test results p value of 0.235 (p> 0.05). Conclusion: Conclusion of this study showed there is no association between oral hygiene with oral candidiasis.

scholarly journals Maxillofacial injuries among Brazilian children and adolescents victims of traffic accidents

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laís Gonzaga de FARIAS ◽  
Rebeca Valeska Soares PEREIRA ◽  
Lorenna Mendes Temóteo BRANDT ◽  
Thaliny Batista Sarmento de OLIVEIRA ◽  
Alidianne Fábia Cabral XAVIER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Body Region ◽  
Maxillofacial Injuries ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prevalence of morbidity due to traffic accidents in children and adolescents and its relationship with maxillofacial injuries in the city of Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil. METHODS: This cross-sectional study analyzed 533 forensic reports of individuals aged 0-19 years, victims of external causes in Campina Grande, Brazil, in 2013. Data were collected through a form containing variables sex, age, day of week, time, type of traffic accident, injured body region, presence of fractures, maxillofacial and oral cavity injuries. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences software (SPSS) was used for data analysis. Prevalence ratios and confidence intervals at 95% were estimated with the chi-square test. RESULTS: There was predominance of males (75.0%) aged 15-19 years (65.0%), with association between sex and occurrence of traffic accidents (p <0.001). The afternoon shift recorded 36.7% of cases of accidents involving motorcyclists (55.0%). In 25.0% of cases, there were injuries on the head and 26.7% on the face. Head and face injuries were observed in 10.0% of patients, while maxillofacial and oral cavity injuries were present in 21.7% and 6.7%, respectively. There was an association between occurrence of accident and face injuries (p = 0.009). CONCLUSION: Traffic accidents affect mostly young male individuals, causing multiple injuries in different body areas, including maxillofacial and oral cavity injuries.

scholarly journals Women’s knowledge and participation in early detection of cervical cancer: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Elia Ika Rahmawati ◽  
Dini Andriyani ◽  
Fathiyatur Rohmah
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
P Value ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Cervical cancer is a malignant disease that remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality among women in the world. In Indonesia, only 5% of women of reproductive age screen for cervical cancer. 76.6% of cervical cancer patients are detected with the disease when they entered the advanced stage. Early detection of cervical cancer is the key intervention in the reduction of incidence and mortality of cervical cancer. Other studies reported that the awareness of women of reproductive age to do cervical cancer screening is still very low due to a lack of knowledge about cervical cancer. This study aimed to determine the correlation of knowledge and participation in early detection of cervical cancer in women in reproductive age. This study used an analytical survey with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique used incidental sampling with a total of 36 women in reproductive age. Data analysis used Chi-Square test. Statistical results showed that there was a significant correlation between knowledge of women in reproductive age about cervical cancer and participation in early detection of cervical cancer, which is p value = 0.020 ( 0.05) and coefficient of contingency (r) = 0.423. The level of closeness of the correlation is medium. Therefore, there is a need for tailored services that could improve knowledge of women in reproductive age about cervical cancer to improve participation with a view to preventing cervical cancer by early detection.

scholarly journals Anatomical site-wise distribution of upper aerodigestive tract malignancies in a rural population

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1394
Author(s):  
Mudassar A. Shariff
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Aerodigestive Tract ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Upper Aerodigestive Tract ◽  
Elderly Male ◽  
Cross Sectional

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Upper aerodigestive tract malignancies constitute approximately 4% of all malignancies. These include cancers of the various sites of the upper aerodigestive tract where malignant lesions can be found such as the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx, oral cavity and it’s sub-sites, oropharynx, larynx and hypopharynx. Malignancies of these sites are found to be common in people from lower socio-economic strata. Tobacco and alcohol are considered as risk factors for it’s development.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient section of Department of ENT, at Chamarajanagar Institute of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Chamarajanagar, India, for a period of 1 years 10 months from October 2014 to July 2016. During the study period, 100 cases that were diagnosed as having upper aerodigestive tract malignancy by histopathology were included in the study group. The aim of this study is to determine the epidemiology, clinical features and anatomical site-wise distribution of malignancy in the study group.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Oral cavity was the commonest site where malignancy developed in the upper aerodigestive tract followed by the larynx. Malignant disease was more common in males and in the elderly. Majority of the patients who developed malignancy had history of tobacco and alcohol consumption.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Oral cavity malignancy is common in rural population, is associated with tobacco chewing and is more common in elderly male. </p>

scholarly journals Feto-Maternal Outcomes Of Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy In Yekatit-12 Teaching Hospital, Addis Ababa: A Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mekoya Dabulo Mengistu ◽  
Tilahun Kuma
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
P Value ◽  
Maternal Outcomes ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders

Abstract Background In resource poor countries, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are common and form one of the deadly triad, along with hemorrhage and infection, which contribute greatly to maternal and fetal jeopardy. Methods The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and determine the effects of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy on the feto-maternal outcomes. It was a descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study on 615 women who attended delivery at Yekatit-12 Teaching Hospital from July 2017 - Jan 2018. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate rates. Chi-square statistics were used to estimate the associations among selected predictor variables. A p-value < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results Out of the 615 study population, the prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy was found to be 25.4%, of which the majority (54.5%) was severe pre-eclampsia. Eclampsia accounted for 2.6%, and superimposed pre-eclampsia was 2.6%. The rate of severe pre-eclampsia with HELLP syndrome was 7.1% of all mothers with the hypertensive disorders. The majority of mothers with hypertensive disorders (59.6%) had age range of 25-34 years. About 46% of mothers required interventions to terminate the pregnancy either by cesarean section (42.3%) or instrumental deliveries (3.7%). The rate of preterm, low birth weight, and low Apgar at 1st and 5thminutes accounted for 30%, 25%, 24.4% and 16.7% of neonates born to mothers with hypertensive disorders, respectively. Over 19% of neonates required resuscitation and 11.5% NICU referral. The rate of still birth was 2.6%. Conclusion The prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is high in the study area and complicates maternal and fetal outcomes of the pregnancy. To deter its detrimental effects both on fetal and maternal outcomes of pregnancy, antenatal surveillance should be expanded to enable early detection, stringent follow-up and timely intervention in severely affected pregnancies.

Factors Associated with Early Detection Behavior on Breast Cancer among Women in Reproductive Age using SADANIS Method

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Rizki Syah Putri ◽  
◽  
Widayati, Moneca Diah L ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Community Health Center ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Cancer Early Detection

Background: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In 2012, cancer was the cause of death for around 8.2 million people. Early detection of breast cancer with SADANIS method in Central Java is still low, namely 0.30% women in reproductive age. The SADANIS method is one of the government’s efforts to reduce the incidence of breast cancer. To determine the factors associated with the behavior of women on reproductive age in early detection of breast cancer using the SADANIS method in Jatirejo Village, Central Java. Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study conducted at Suruh Community Health Center, Jatirejo Village, Central Java. The population in this study were 604 women of reproductive age aged 20-45 years in Jatirejo Village. A total of 86 women were enrolled in this study. The dependent variable was SADANIS method. The independent variables were education, occupation, husband’s supports, and attitude. The data were collected and then analyzed using Chi-square test. Results: There was a relationship between husband’s support (OR= 4.58; p=0.015) and attitude (OR= 11.96; p<0.001) with behavior in doing SADANIS among women in reproductive age and they were statistically significant. There was no relationship between education and occupation on the breast cancer early detection using SADANIS method. Conclusion: The better the attitude, the better the behavior of women in reproductive age in early detection of breast cancer with SADANIS method in Jatirejo Village, Semarang Regency. Keywords: women in reproductive age, SADANIS, early detection, breast cancer Correspondence: Silvia Rizki Syah Putri. ‘Aisyah University Yogyakarta. Jl. Siliwangi (West Ringroad) No.63 Nogotirto, Gamping, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Email: [email protected] Mobile: (0274) 374427 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.01

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