scholarly journals Cu(II), Mn(II), Ni(II) Complexes of Mixed Amodiaquine and Paraaminobenzoic acid: Synthesis, Characterization, Antimicrobial and Toxicological Activities in Wister rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-20
Author(s):  
Mercy Bamigboye ◽  
Ikechukwu P. Ejidike ◽  
Abdulbasit A. Aliyu
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Octahedral Geometry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Paraaminobenzoic Acid ◽  
Acid Produce

Four novel metal complexes of mixed amodiaquine and paraaminobenzoic acid have been synthesized using a standard method and confirmed by results of some physicochemical and spectroscopic techniques. Antimicrobial activities have been carried out on the complexes against some selected organisms: (antibacterial organisms: K. pneumonia, B. subtilis, E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and S. faecalis) and (antifungal organisms: Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum) to determine their effectiveness. The complexes were evaluated for their toxicity level in wister rats. The Amodiaquine and Paraaminobenzoic acid produce complexes in ratio 1:1:1 in coordination with the metal ion. Octahedral geometry has been proposed for all the complexes. The complexes were found to be non-electrolytic in nature. The complexes were observed to be more active than their free ligands as determined by their zone of inhibition (nm). The complexes have been proved to be less toxic to the body.

scholarly journals A New 3-Prenyl-2-flavene and Other Extractives from Baphia massaiensis and Their Antimicrobial Activities

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngonye Keroletswe ◽  
Runner R. T. Majinda ◽  
Ishmael B. Masesane
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Good Activity ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Chromatographic Techniques ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
First Time

One new 3-prenyl-2-flavene, named baphiflavene A, 1, and eleven known compounds, 2-12, were isolated and reported for the first time from Baphia massaiensis using several chromatographic techniques. Their structures were elucidated using different spectroscopic techniques; 1D and 2D-NMR, HRMS, GC-MS, UV/Vis, FTIR and by comparison with literature data. The isolates were tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans to establish their preliminary antimicrobial activities. The results revealed that compound 1 had moderate activities against both Gram positive ( B. subtilis and S. aureus) and Gram negative ( E. coli and P. aeruginosa) bacteria, and good activity against C. albicans with inhibition zones of 10–23 mm (compared to 19 mm for chloramphenicol and miconazole standards). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first phytochemical work reported on Baphia massaiensis.

Synthesis of Some New Hydroxytriazenes and their Antimicrobial and Anti-inflammatory Activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-60
Author(s):  
Shilpa Jain ◽  
Varsha Dayma ◽  
Poonam Sharma ◽  
Amit Bhargava ◽  
Prabhat K. Baroliya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Antiinflammatory Effect ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Mass Spectral Analysis ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Past ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Good Agreement

Background: Hydroxytriazenes and their derivatives have been studied for the biological and pharmacological applications in the past few years. These compounds possess antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and wound healing activities. In this study, we report the synthesis of ten hydroxytriazenes in two series derived from disubstituted aniline and studied for antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. Methods: For this purpose, 2-methyl-5-chloroaniline and 2-trifluoromethyl-5-chloroaniline were used to synthesize compounds A1-5 and B1-5 series, respectively. All compounds were synthesized by the reported method which involves three steps of the method (i) Reduction, (ii) Diazotization, (iii) Coupling. All synthesized compounds were characterized by various techniques CHN elemental analysis, FTIR, 1H NMR, and MASS spectral analysis. The antibacterial activities of the compounds were screened against S. aureus, S. pyogenes, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and antifungal activities were against C. albicans, A. clavatus by the zone of inhibition method. In addition, anti-inflammatory activity was also evaluated by carrageenan-induced paw edema method and results were reported as % inhibition. Results: All the synthesized compounds were obtained in pure form and their spectral data are in good agreement with their structure. The synthesized compounds have shown good antimicrobial activity and zone of inhibition was ranging 21 to 24 mm. Further antiinflammatory effect of the compounds was 96.58 to 98.71 % inhibition. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that chloro and trifluoromethyl substitution at hydroxytriazenes skeleton could improve anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities.

scholarly journals Anthraquinones from the Roots of Kniphofia insignis and Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Asnakew Amare Tadesse ◽  
Negera Abdissa Ayana ◽  
Dele Abdissa Keneni
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Fungal Strain ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Spectroscopic Analyses ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Antimicrobial Assay

Sequential extraction using a cold maceration method and column chromatographic separation of the roots Kniphofia insignis headed to the isolation of three anthraquinones: one monomeric anthraquinone (1) and two dimeric anthraquinones (2 and 3). It was further purified by Sephadex LH-20 and recrystallized. The structures of these compounds were established based on the spectroscopic analyses including NMR (1H-NMR and 13C-NMR and infrared) and comparison with reported literatures. In an in vitro antimicrobial assay of the crude extracts, the isolated compounds were made against four bacterial strains (S. aureus ATCC 25923, B. subtilis ATCC 6633, E. coli ATCC 35218, and P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853) and Fusarium spp. fungal strain. In the crude extracts of chloroform, substantial antimicrobial activity was seen with the highest activity against B. subtilis (16 mm) and E. coli (22 mm). Meanwhile, compound 1 has a better zone of inhibition with 14 mm against P. aeruginosa, whereas compound 2 showed better activity (13 mm) against Fusarium spp. fungal strain.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Compositions and Antimicrobial Activities of Citrus sinensis and Citrus aurantifolia Peels on Selected Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Jollof Rice

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mojisola Abiola Asowata-Ayodele ◽  
Peter Anani Dabesor ◽  
Bolaji Afolabi
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Orange Peels ◽  
Peel Extract

Aims: The aim of this study is to investigate the antimicrobial activities of aqueous and ethanolic (EtOH) extracts of orange (C. sinensis Pers.) and lime (C.aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle) peels on some selected pathogenic bacteria isolated from jollof rice. Study Design: Antimicrobial analysis, phytochemical analysis Place and Duration of Study: Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Wesley University Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria, between June and July 2017. Methodology: Antimicrobial analysis of aqueous and EtOH extracts prepared from orange and lime peels were done by using the agar well diffusion method against the selected pathogenic bacteria. The extracts were screened for anti-nutrients such as alkaloids, tannins, oxalate, phytate and glycosides. Results: The EtOH extracts of orange peel showed a remarkable zone of inhibition against Escherichia coli (23.5 ± 0.1 mm) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (11.4 ± 0.0 mm) and Bacillus cereus (9.8 ± 0.0 mm). Whereas, the aqueous extracts of orange showed no zone of inhibition against the tested pathogenic bacteria. In addition the EtOH peel extract of lime showed maximum zone of inhibition against  S. aureus (15.5 ± 0.0 mm) followed by E. coli (14.3 ± 0.1 mm) and B. cereus (12.1 ± 0.2 mm), whereas its aqueous peel extract showed no zone of inhibition against K. pneumonia, S. aureus, E. coli and B. cereus. Both EtOH extracts of orange and lime peels showed no zone of inhibition against K. pneumonia. Streptomycin, the reference antibiotic, had no zone of inhibition against B. cereus and S. aureus whereas it recorded maximum zone of inhibition against E. coli (24.0 ± 0.0 mm) and K. pneumonia (25.1 ± 0.1 mm). The phytochemical analysis showed presence of oxalate, alkaloids, phytate, tannins and glycoside in the aqueous and EtOH extracts of lime and orange peels. The antimicrobial activities of EtOH extracts of both lime and orange peels demonstrated inhibitory effect against the targeted organisms such as B. cereus, S. aureus and E. coli. Conclusion: The exploration of novel antimicrobial agents from natural resources such as plant like Lime and sweet orange as food preservative is due to the presence of various secondary metabolites.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Two Flavans from the Stem Bark of Embelia schimperi

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Babe Guyasa ◽  
Yadessa Melaku ◽  
Milkyas Endale
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
E Coli

Embelia schemperi Vatke is one of the medicinal plants used traditionally for treatment of intestinal tape worm, dysmenorrheal, bacterial, and fungal infections. Phytochemical screening test of the dichloromethane/methanol (1 : 1) and methanol extracts revealed the presence of phenols, alkaloids, tannins, and flavonoids whereas terpenoids, glycoside, and phytosterols were absent. Silica gel column chromatographic separation of the methanol extract afforded 3,5,7,3′,4′-pentahydroxyflavan, named epicatechin (1), along with a close flavan derivative (2). Structures of the compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques (1D and 2D NMR, FTIR, and UV-Vis). The crude extracts and isolated compounds were screened for in vitro antibacterial activity against strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Cryptococcus neoformans, Shigella dysentriae, and Staphylococcus aureus. Epicatechin (1) exhibited comparable antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli (15 and 12 mm zone of inhibition, resp.) to that of the control antibiotic gentamicin, with zone of inhibition of 15 and 12 mm, respectively, at a concentration of 20 µg/mL.

scholarly journals Synthesis, spectroscopic and biological studies of some metal complexes with orthoamino hydrazo benzene

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-387
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Octahedral Geometry ◽  
Conductivity Measurements ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bivalent Ions ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Characteristic Behaviour

Ortho amino hydrazobenzene (L) has been prepared from the reaction of ortho amino phenyl thiol with phenyl hyrazan in mole ratio(1:1). It has been characterized by elemental analysis (C, H, N), IR, UV–Vis. The complexes of the bivalent ions (Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pd, Cd, Hg and Pb) and the trivalent (Cr) have been prepared and characterized too. The structural have been established by elemental analysis(C,H,N), IR , UV – Vis spectra , conductivity measurements , atomic absorption and magnetic susceptibility . The complexes showed characteristic behaviour of octahedral geometry around the metal ion and the( N,N) ligand coordinated in bidentate modeexcept with pd showed square planer. ? ,kf , ?max for the complexes were estimated too . ? for Co – complex was calculated . The study of biological activity of the ligand (L) and its complexes showed various activity toward Streptococcus pyogenes Staphylococcus aureus , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , E. coli and Candida albicans .

Influence of Ascorbic Acid on the Structure and Function of Alpha-2- macroglobulin: Investigations using Spectroscopic and Thermodynamic Techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-209
Author(s):  
Syed Saqib Ali ◽  
Mohammad Khalid Zia ◽  
Tooba Siddiqui ◽  
Haseeb Ahsan ◽  
Fahim Halim Khan
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Titration Calorimetry ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Plasma Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Dietary Antioxidant ◽  
And Function

Background: Ascorbic acid is a classic dietary antioxidant which plays an important role in the body of human beings. It is commonly found in various foods as well as taken as dietary supplement. Objective: The plasma ascorbic acid concentration may range from low, as in chronic or acute oxidative stress to high if delivered intravenously during cancer treatment. Sheep alpha-2- macroglobulin (α2M), a human α2M homologue is a large tetrameric glycoprotein of 630 kDa with antiproteinase activity, found in sheep’s blood. Methods: In the present study, the interaction of ascorbic acid with alpha-2-macroglobulin was explored in the presence of visible light by utilizing various spectroscopic techniques and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). Results: UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy suggests the formation of a complex between ascorbic acid and α2M apparent by increased absorbance and decreased fluorescence. Secondary structural changes in the α2M were investigated by CD and FT-IR spectroscopy. Our findings suggest the induction of subtle conformational changes in α2M induced by ascorbic acid. Thermodynamics signatures of ascorbic acid and α2M interaction indicate that the binding is an enthalpy-driven process. Conclusion: It is possible that ascorbic acid binds and compromises antiproteinase activity of α2M by inducing changes in the secondary structure of the protein.

scholarly journals Synergistic Antimicrobial Activities of Combinations of Vanillin and Essential Oils of Cinnamon Bark, Cinnamon Leaves and Cloves

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1406
Author(s):  
Rita Cava-Roda ◽  
Amaury Taboada-Rodríguez ◽  
Antonio López-Gómez ◽  
Ginés Benito Martínez-Hernández ◽  
Fulgencio Marín-Iniesta
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Cinnamon Bark ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pure Compounds ◽  
Main Component

Plant bioactive compounds have antimicrobial and antioxidant activities that allow them to be used as a substitute for synthetic chemical additives in both food and food packaging. To improve its sensory and bactericidal effects, its use in the form of effective combinations has emerged as an interesting possibility in the food industry. In this study, the antimicrobial activities of essential oils (EOs) of cinnamon bark, cinnamon leaves, and clove and the pure compounds vanillin, eugenol, and cinnamaldehyde were investigated individually and in combination against Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli O157:H7. The possible interactions of combinations of pure compounds and EOs were performed by the two-dimensional checkerboard assay and isobologram methods. Vanillin exhibited the lowest antimicrobial activity (MIC of 3002 ppm against L. monocytogenes and 2795 ppm against E. coli O157:H7), while clove and cinnamon bark EOs exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity (402–404 against L. monocytogenes and 778–721 against E. coli O157:H7). For L. monocytogenes, pure compound eugenol, the main component of cinnamon leaves and clove, showed lower antimicrobial activity than EOs, which was attributed to the influence of the minor components of the EOs. The same was observed with cinnamaldehyde, the main component of cinnamon bark EO. The combinations of vanillin/clove EO and vanillin/cinnamon bark EO showed the most synergistic antimicrobial effect. The combination of the EOs of cinnamon bark/clove and cinnamon bark/cinnamon leaves showed additive effect against L. monocytogenes but indifferent effect against E. coli O157:H7. For L. monocytogenes, the best inhibitory effects were achieved by cinnamon bark EO (85 ppm)/vanillin (910 ppm) and clove EO (121 ppm)/vanillin (691 ppm) combinations. For E. coli, the inhibitory effects of clove EO (104 ppm)/vanillin (1006 ppm) and cinnamon leaves EO (118 ppm)/vanillin (979 ppm) combinations were noteworthy. Some of the tested combinations increased the antimicrobial effect and would allow the effective doses to be reduced, thereby offering possible new applications for food and active food packaging.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial and Immunomodulating Activities of Two Endemic Nepeta Species and Their Major Iridoids Isolated from Natural Sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 414
Author(s):  
Neda Aničić ◽  
Uroš Gašić ◽  
Feng Lu ◽  
Ana Ćirić ◽  
Marija Ivanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
First Time

Two Balkan Peninsula endemics, Nepeta rtanjensis and N. argolica subsp. argolica, both characterized by specialized metabolite profiles predominated by iridoids and phenolics, are differentiated according to the stereochemistry of major iridoid aglycone nepetalactone (NL). For the first time, the present study provides a comparative analysis of antimicrobial and immunomodulating activities of the two Nepeta species and their major iridoids isolated from natural sources—cis,trans-NL, trans,cis-NL, and 1,5,9-epideoxyloganic acid (1,5,9-eDLA), as well as of phenolic acid rosmarinic acid (RA). Methanol extracts and pure iridoids displayed excellent antimicrobial activity against eight strains of bacteria and seven strains of fungi. They were especially potent against food-borne pathogens such as L. monocytogenes, E. coli, S. aureus, Penicillium sp., and Aspergillus sp. Targeted iridoids were efficient agents in preventing biofilm formation of resistant P. aeruginosa strain, and they displayed additive antimicrobial interaction. Iridoids are, to a great extent, responsible for the prominent antimicrobial activities of the two Nepeta species, although are probably minor contributors to the moderate immunomodulatory effects. The analyzed iridoids and RA, individually or in mixtures, have the potential to be used in the pharmaceutical industry as potent antimicrobials, and in the food industry to increase the shelf life and safety of food products.

Electrospun PU/MgO/Ag Nanofibers for Antibacterial Activity and Flame Retardency

2021 ◽  
pp. 0887302X2110094
Author(s):  
V. Mamtha ◽  
H. N. Narasimha Murthy ◽  
V. Pujith Raj ◽  
Prashantha Tejas ◽  
C. S. Puneet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Protective Clothing ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Solution Combustion ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Afterglow Time

Antibacterial activity and fire retardation are equally desired for protective clothing. For achieving this, AgNP and MgO are independently researched as nanofillers in Polyurethane based electrospun nanofibers and their synergistic effect is scarcely addressed. This article reports synthesis and characterization of MgO of 70.01 nm and AgNP of 51 to 76 nm by solution combustion and hydrothermal routes respectively and their incorporation in electrospinning of Polyurethane. Flow rate 1 ml/hr, applied voltage 13 kV, tip to collector distance 15 cm were adopted for the electrospinning. Nanofibers of 65 nm were obtained for PU/MgO (3 wt. %) and 106 nm for PU/MgO (3 wt. %)/Ag (1 wt. %). Addition of MgO increased the melting point, after flame time and afterglow time. Incorporation of AgNP improved antibacterial activity. PU/MgO/Ag (2 wt. %) exhibited zone of inhibition of 2.1 cm and 3 cm against E. Coli and S. Aureus, respectively.

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