scholarly journals Correlation Between Direct Contact Status with Diphteria in Blitar

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
Ana Nur Filiya ◽  
Novy Ardyanti Putri

Diphtheria is a contagion deadly disease which case increases year-by-year. Objective:   To know the correlation of direct contact with diphteria patient towards diphteria in Blitar in 2016. This research method uses Observational-analytic study by using case control design. Sample in case group were 31 people of diphteria patients and 31 people of control group which is not a diphteria patients. Direct contact as Independent variable. Data were analyzed by Mc Nemar. The results showed p value is 0.21. Direct contact haven’t  associated with diphteria. Further research can use more detailed questionnaire to know direct contact status properly

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 331
Author(s):  
Fitria Agustina ◽  
Yusrizal Djam’an Saleh ◽  
Hari Kusnanto

Determinants of pulmonary tuberculosis BTA (+) in the district of West BandungPurposeThis study aimed to determine the incidence of TB determination BTA (+) in the district of West Bandung. MethodsThis research was an analytic observational study with a case control design. Subjects were patients aged 15 years and over who came to the clinic for treatment with a diagnosis of patients with TB BTA (+) as the case group, and patients who did not have TB diagnosis by an examining physician in the clinic as a control group. Samples included 140 people. Data analysis was performed by  univariable, bivariable and multivariable analysis. ResultsIncome and education were significantly associated with the incidence of TB BTA (+), with p-value 0.040 and 0.037 (p<0.05), respectively. Physical environment, smoking habits, the walls, the floor of the house, humidity, ventilation, lighting, cooking fuel, cigarette smoke exposure were significantly associated with the incidence of TB BTA (+) (p-value <0.05). History of contact (p-value 0.946> 0.05) and a history of BCG immunization (p-value 0.611> 0.05) were not significantly associated with the incidence of TB BTA (+). Conclusion Physical factors in the environment such as ventilation and fuel for cooking were significantly associated with the incidence of TB BTA (+). Appropriate efforts are recommended to avoid risks.


2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Kartika Indaswari Dewi ◽  
R. Bambang Wirjatmadi

Pencak silat is a sport that requires agility, speed, balance and body slenderness. Vitamin C and iron are part of the micronutrients that can support the athlete’s physical fitness. The aims of this study was to determine the relationship between the adequacy of vitamin C and iron with physical fitness of pencak silat athletes IPSI Lamongan. This study used observational analytics with case-control design with 20 samples of athletes, divided into 10 cases and 10 controls. The result of analysis from 2×24 hour food recall method in each case group was 9 (90%) athletes did not meet the requirement of vitamin C (<77%) and 8 (80%) athletes did not meet the requirement of iron and control group there were 7 (70 %) Athletes are not sufficient for vitamin C (<77%) and 6 (60%) of athletes are inadequate for iron (<77%). From the statistical test using chi-square, it was found that there was no significant relationship between vitamin C and iron adequacy with physical fitness (TKJI) with p=0.580 and p=0.620. Conclusion: adequacy level of vitamin C and iron of pencak silat athletes IPSI Lamongan is not meet their requirement yet.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1121-1127
Author(s):  
Risa Nurhayati ◽  
Dewi Indriani ◽  
Rahayu Budi Utami

The design of this study uses observational analytical research with case control design. A sample of 450 toddlers was selected using fixed disease sampling which included a case group of 150 toddlers with stunting and a control group of 300 normal toddlers who were not in stunting, wasting and overweight conditions. The data collection tool uses questionnaires and data processing using double logistic regression analysis. Stunting is influenced by the length of the birth body (OR=3.14; CI 95%=2.42 to 3.86; p=<0.0001), breastfeeding (OR=2.31; CI 95%=1.69 to 2.93; p=<0.0001) and history of infectious diseases (OR=2.26; CI 95%=1.61 to 2.91; p=<0.0001). Birth weight has no effect on stunting events (OR=1; CI 95%=0.32 to 1.68; p=0.004). The incidence of stunting increases with less birth length, unsy exclusive breastfeeding and the absence of a history of infectious diseases in toddlers


Author(s):  
Rahmi Amir ◽  
Sona Sona

Abstrak            Keberadaan breeding place dan resting place nyamuk merupakan faktor yang mendukung untuk meningkatnya vektor penular DBD karena apabila semakin banyak breeding place menampung air yang berada di sekitar dan dalam rumah maka menjadi kesempatan untuk nyamuk bertelur dan berkembangbiak sehingga meningkatkan risiko kejadian DBD.Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia yang cenderung meningkat jumlah penderita serta semakin luas penyebarannya.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan breeding place dan resting place dengan kejadian DBD di Kelurahan Kalosi Kecamatan Alla.Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah analitik observasional dengan desain penelitian case control yang diarahkan untuk menjelaskan suatu keadaan atau situasi yang dilakukan dengan cara membandingkan antara kelompok kasus dengan kelompok control. Instrument yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner dengan jumlah sampel kasus 15 kontrol 15 responden.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan  tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara keberadaan breeding place dengan kejadian demam berdarah dengue di Kelurahan Kalosi Kecamatan Alla dengan p value .000 sebesar (OR=21.79 CI= 8.38-56.66)ada hubungan bermakna antara keberadaan resting place dengan kejadian demam berdarah dengue di Kelurahan Kalosi Kecamatan Alla dengan p value sebesar .000 (OR=11.56, CI= 5.08-26.31) Diharapkan bagi masyarakat agar ikut serta berpartisipasi dalam upaya Pemberantasan Sarang Nyamuk Demam Berdarah Dengue (PSN-DBD). Kepada petugas Puskesmas melakukan pemeriksaan jentik secara rutin 3 bulan sekali, pelaksanaan fogging dan meningkatkan promosi kesehatan kepada masyarakat tentang cara mencegah DBD dengan melaksanakan 3M.Kata Kunci : DBD, Breeding Place dan Resting Place  Abstract             The existence of breeding place and resting place mosquitoes is a contributing factor to the increase of the DBD vector of the snake because if more and more breeding place holds water around and inside the house then it becomes a chance for mosquitoes Spawn and breeding, thereby increasing the risk of DBD events. Dengue Fever disease (DBD) is one of the problems of public health in Indonesia that tends to increase the number of sufferers and the wider spread. This research aims to determine the relationship of breeding place and resting place with DBD events in the village Kalosi district of Alla.    The type of research conducted is observational analytic with case control research design which is directed to explain a circumstance or situation that is done by comparing between case group with control group. The Instrument used in this study used a questionnaire with a case sample of 15 control 15 respondents.There is a relationship link between the existence of breeding place with dengue fever occurrence in the village of Alla subdistrict Kalosi with a P value of .000(OR=21.79 CI= 8.38-56.66) , there is a relationship between The existence of resting place with dengue fever occurrence in the village Kalosi District Alla with P value .000 (OR=11.56, CI= 5.08-26.31). Expected for the community to participate in the efforts to eradicate the Mosquito Nest Dengue fever (PSN-DBD). To the Puskesmas officers conduct routine checkups routinely 3 months, the implementation of fogging and improving health promotion to the public on how to prevent DBD by implementing 3M.Keywords: DBD, Breeding Place and Resting Place


2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ahmad Syauqy ◽  
Humaryanto Humaryanto

ABSTRACT Introduction: Cigarettes can cause disturbances in the oral cavity. From previous research it is known that the daily consumption of cigarettes increases the decrease of salivary secretion and the content of bicarbonate. This will have an effect on the decrease of pH saliva. Low salivary pH also has an impact on decreased amylase enzyme activity. Departing from the basic theory, the researchers wanted to see if there are differences in salivary pH and amylase enzyme activity in students who smoke with non-smokers at the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Jambi University. Methods This study is a case control study that compares two groups consisting of case groups ie students who smoke and control groups ie students who do not smoke with the number of research samples compared to 1: 1. For the case group, the samples were taken in total sampling from the Jambi University medical students who smoked 39 people while the control group was taken from the non-smoking students of 39 persons who chose proportional random sampling. Performed salivary pH examination and measurement of ptialin enzyme activity on respondents. The research data were tested statistically using Independent t-test to see the difference of salivary pH and amylase enzyme activity in students who smoked with non-smokers. Results Mean pH saliva of students who smoke is 6.64 ± 0.25. The mean pH of non-smoking student saliva was 7.04 ± 0.28. The average of enzyme activity of amylase student who smoke is 16,33 ± 7,51 second. The average activity of non-smoking student amylase enzyme was 4.28 ± 2.68 seconds. The P value for the Independent t test of saliva pH and amylase enzyme activity among students who smoked with non-smokers was 0.00. Conclusions: There was a significant difference between salivary pH and amylase enzyme activity among smoking students with non-smokers.   Keywords: smoking, salivary pH, amylase   ABSTRAK Pendahuluan: Rokok dapat menyebabkan gangguan pada rongga mulut. Dari penelitian sebelumnya diketahui bahwa konsumsi rokok harian yang meningkat berdampak terhadap penurunan sekresi saliva dan kandungan  bikarbonat. Hal ini akan berdampak pada terjadinya penurunan pH saliva. pH saliva yang rendah juga berdampak pada penurunan aktivitas enzim amilase. Berangkat dari dasar teori tersebut, peneliti ingin melihat apakah ada perbedaan pH saliva dan aktivitas enzim amilase pada mahasiswa yang merokok dengan mahasiswa yang tidak merokok di Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan universitas Jambi. Metode  Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian case control yang membandingkan 2 kelompok yang terdiri atas kelompok kasus yaitu mahasiswa yang merokok dan kelompok kontrol yaitu mahasiswa yang tidak merokok dengan jumlah sampel penelitian berbanding 1:1. Untuk kelompok kasus, sampel diambil secara total sampling dari mahasiswa kedokteran Universitas Jambi yang merokok sejumlah 39 orang sedangkan kelompok kontrol diambil dari mahasiswa yang tidak merokok sejumlah 39 orang yang pilih secara proporsional random sampling. Dilakukan pemeriksaan pH saliva dan pengukuran aktivitas enzim ptialin pada responden. Data penelitian yang didapat diuji secara statistik menggunakan Independent t-test untuk melihat perbedaan pH saliva dan aktivitas enzim amilase pada mahasiswa yang merokok dengan mahasiswa yang tidak merokok. Hasil  Rerata pH saliva mahasiswa yang merokok adalah 6,64±0,25. Rerata pH saliva mahasiswa yang tidak  merokok adalah 7,04±0,28. Rerata aktivitas enzim amilase mahasiswa yang merokok adalah 16,33±7,51 detik. Rerata aktivitas enzim amilase mahasiswa yang tidak merokok adalah 4,28±2,68 detik. Nilai P untuk Independent t test dari pH saliva dan aktivitas enzim amilase antara mahasiswa yang merokok dengan mahasiswa yang tidak merokok adalah 0,00. Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara pH saliva dan aktivitas enzim amilase antara mahasiswa yang merokok dengan mahasiswa yang tidak merokok.   Kata Kunci: merokok, pH saliva, amilase


2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Nuri Luthfiatil Fitri

Abortion as one of the causes of maternal death is a matter of great concern. According to the WHO estimated at 15% -50% of maternal deaths associated with abortion. In Southeast Asia the annual incidence of abortion reaches 4.2 million and in Indonesia it reaches 1.5 million. The purpose of this study is to know the correlations between age and gestational distance with the incidence of abortion in hospitals Jend. Ahmad Yani Metro in 2015. The type of analytic survey research using case control approach. The population in this study were all pregnant women who were treated in RSUD Jend. Ahmad Yani Metro in 2014, amounting to 518 people with samples taken as many as 260 people consisting of 130 people in the case group and 130 people for the control group. The analysis in this study used chi square test.  The results of statistical tests showed that there was an association of age with abortus occurrence (p-value 0,000 OR 4.021; CI; 95%: 2,161-7,483), there was a correlation between pregnancy distance and abortus occurrence (p-value: 0,000, OR 3.955; CI; 95 %: 2,354-8,556). Research shows there is a correlations between age and gestational distance with the incidence of abortion.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-528
Author(s):  
M. Arifki Zainaro ◽  
Andoko Andoko ◽  
Reka Putri Rahmawati

ABSTRACT: THE RELATIONSHIP OF KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE TO THE INCIDENT OF COVID-19 IN THE COMMUNITY OF MULYOJATI VILLAGE METRO CITY 2021 Introduction: The incidence of COVID-19 in Indonesia is still increasing. The factors causing the occurrence of covid-19 are knowledge that is still lacking and attitudes in responding to the prevention of covid-19 which are often ignored by people in Mulyojati Village, Metro City. According to a report from the Indonesian Ministry of Health, there were 2,313,829 confirmed cases (Kementrian Kesehatan RI, 2021). Lampung has 20,808 confirmed cases (Dinas Kesehatan Lampung, 2021). Metro City has a number of confirmed cases of 1,391 cases (Dinas Kesehatan Kota Metro, 2021).Purpose: To find out the relationship between knowledge and attitudes towards the incidence of covid-19 in the community in Mulyojati Village, Metro City.Methods: This study uses a quantitative analytic design using a case control design. The population in this study were 30 people who were positive for COVID-19 and 30 people were negative for COVID-19. The measurement of this study uses a questionnaire that has been tested for validity. Data analysis used frequency distribution test (univariate) and Spearman correlation test (bivariate).Results: Based on the frequency data obtained good knowledge of the case group (60.0%) while the control group (30.0%). Good attitude in the case group (96.7%) while the control group (76.7%). Spearman test results obtained p value .000 (<0.05) and the correlation coefficient is known to be .467. Based on the results of the Spearman test, the p value was .020 (<0.05) and the correlation coefficient was .295.Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between knowledge and the incidence of covid-19 and a moderate correlation. There is a significant relationship between attitude and the incidence of covid-19 and a low correlation. In the Mulyojati sub-district, the case group with good knowledge was higher than the control group, while the good attitude in the case group was higher than the control group. Various efforts must continue to be made, both from the health and non-health sectors, especially increasing knowledge and attitudes to prevent COVID-19. Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Covid-19 INTISARI: HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP TERHADAP KEJADIAN COVID-19 PADA MASYARKAT DI KELURAHAN MULYOJATI KOTA METRO 2021 Pendahuluan: Kejadian covid-19 di Indonesia masih terus bertambah. Faktor penyebab kejadian covid-19 adalah pengetahuan yang masih yang masih kurang dan sikap dalam menanggapi pencegahan covid-19 yang sering diabaikan masyarakat di Kelurahan Mulyojati Kota Metro. Menurut laporan Kementrian Kesehatan RI tercatat 2.313.829 kasus terkonfirmasi (Kementrian kesehatan RI, 2021). Lampung memiliki kasus terkonfirmasi sebanyak 20.808 kasus (Dinas kesehatan Lampung, 2021). Kota Metro memiliki jumlah kasus terkonfirmasi sebanyak 1.391 kasus (Dinas Kesehatan Kota Metro, 2021).Tujuan: Diketahui hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap kejadian covid-19 pada masyarakat di Kelurahan Mulyojati Kota Metro.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain analitik kuantitatif dengan menggunakan rancangan case control. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah 30 orang positif covid-19 dan 30 orang negatif covid-19. Pengukuran penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner yang sudah di uji validitas. Analisis data menggunakan uji distribusi frekuensi (univariat) dan uji korelasi spearman (bivariate).Hasil: Berdasarkan data frekuensi didapatkan pengetahuan baik kelompok kasus (60.0%) sedangkan kelompok control (30.0%).  Sikap yang baik kelompok kasus (96.7%) sedangkan kelompok control (76.7%). hasil uji spearman didapatkan nilai p value .000 (<0.05) dan diketahui nilai koefisien korelasi .467. Berdasarkan hasil uji spearman didapatkan nilai p value .020 (<0.05) dan diketahui nilai koefisien korelasi .295.Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan dengan kejadian covid-19 dan korelasi yang sedang. Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara sikap dengan kejadian covid-19 dan korelasi yang rendah. Dikelurahan mulyojati pada kelompok kasus berpengetahuan baik lebih tinggi dibanding kelompok control sedangkan sikap baik pada kelompok kasus lebih tinggi dibanding kelompok control. Berbagai upaya terus harus dilakukan baik dari sektor kesehatan maupun non-kesehatan terutama meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap pencegahan covid-19. Kata kunci: Pengetahuan, Sikap, Covid-19


2022 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-320
Author(s):  
Raima Bashir ◽  
Mervyn Hosein ◽  
Zil- e - Rubab ◽  
Tahir Saghir ◽  
Fizza Saher

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the association of periodontitis and Myocardial Infarction (MI) and contributes as a potential risk factor for its incidence. Methodology: This multi-centre, case-control study enrolled 125 participants. Case group comprising of Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) = 55, control group consisting of non – AMI = 70. Both groups were assessed for presence of periodontitis along with specific risk factors that were recorded in a modified proforma comprising of questions pertaining to demographics, oral hygiene practices and oral eating habits. Chi-square test was used to assess association and p-value was considered significant at ≤0.05. Results: Periodontitis was found to be prevalent in 71% of Myocardial Infarction (MI) patients with an OR 4.125 (95% CI, 1.934 - 8.797) as compared to 37% in Control (non-Myocardial Infarct). Increasing age, male gender, illiteracy, unemployment/retirement, low socio-economic status, being overweight, no dental visits, and smoking (both duration & frequency) were found to be statistically significantly associated with occurrence of periodontitis and myocardial infarction in the study. Conclusion: Periodontitis was found to be prevalent among the MI patients suggesting a causal link between these two conditions that can be reduced by adopting a healthy lifestyle, refraining from smoking, good oral hygiene and visiting a dentist for regular check-up.


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
Delima Nala Ngoma ◽  
Apris A. Adu ◽  
Dominirsep O. Dodo

Malnutrition is a condition of a child's weight that is not appropriate to his age. Poor nutrition is still an unresolved health problem in Oesapa Village. The incidence of malnutrition continues to increase from 2016 to 2018. Malnutrition is influenced by several factors including: family income, maternal knowledge, maternal parenting and occupancy density. This study aims to analyze the influence of family income, maternal knowledge, parenting and occupancy density, on the incidence of malnutrition. This research is an analytic observational study, with a case control design. The sample size were 31 cases and 31 controls. The dependent variable in this study was the incidence of malnutrition and the independent variable consisted of family income, maternal knowledge, maternal parenting and occupancy density. Data analysis was performed univariately and bivariately. The results showed that, there are two variables that influence the incidence of malnutrition. The two variables are family income with p-value 0.01, OR 7.576, and mother's parenting with p-value 0.01, OR 3.870. To deal with these problems, the Social Service offier provider social assistance and oversee its use, so that it can be used in accordance with household needs. In addition, efforts to increase counseling on maternal parenting need to be done, which includes simple ways of providing and processing food, the process of bathing children under five and the application of hygiene practices, such as washing hands before processing and serving food.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-142
Author(s):  
Fajar Kurniawan ◽  
Julian Jingsung ◽  
Abd Gani Baeda ◽  
Achyarul Anam ◽  
Heriviyatno Julika Siagian

Perineal rupture is the cause of postpartum maternal hemorrhage, at the Aliyah Hospital in 2016, Perineal rupture amounted to 110 people, in 2017 there were 75 people perineal rupture and in 2018 there were 132 people with perineal rupture. The study aims to analyze the effect of pregnancy exercise with the incidence of ruptured perineum in the post-partum mothers at Aliyah Hospital in Kendari. The study uses case-control design with retrospective approach. The number of sample used 94 people divided into case group as many as 47 respondents and control group as many as 47 respondents.The results of data analysis showing an OR value of 3,527 which means having a risk of 3 (three) times the estimated risk of perineal rupture for those who do not get pregnancy gymnam, where the threshold value is below 1,237 and the threshold value is 10.06 and the value of Chi Square 5,934 X2 Table 3.841. Non-pregnant women who are exercising 3 times are at risk of ruptured perineal rupture during labor.


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