scholarly journals FORMULASI DAN KARAKTERISASI FISIK MASKER GEL PEELOFF EKSTRAK LENGKUAS (Alpinia galanga, (L.) Sw)

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Mar’atus Sholikhah ◽  
Rahayu Apriyanti

ABSTRACT Alpinia galanga (L.) Sw or galangal is widely used by Indonesian people as a spice in cooking. The content of catechins and 1-acetoxicavicol acetate in the extract is known to have antioxidant activity. The ability of these antioxidants needs to be applied to pharmaceutical dosage forms to improve aesthetics and ease of use. One of the topical drug delivery systems that is in accordance with the needs of the community today is the preparation of peel-off gel mask. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of variations in PVA gelling agent concentration as a mask base on the physical characteristics of galangal extract peel-off gel masks. Three mask formulations were made based on variations in the concentration of PVA in the range of 5% -15%. The physical characterization of the preparations included organoleptic tests, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, adhesion, dispersion, and drying time. Homogeneity and organoleptic parameters were analyzed descriptively. The parameters of viscosity, drying time, pH, spreadability, and adhesion were analyzed statistically using Anova Single Factor with a confidence level of 95%. The results showed that the F1 and F2 formulas with PVA concentrations of 10% and 12.5% were the optimum formulas as a mask base. Based on statistical tests, variations in the concentration of PVA significantly influence the parameters of mask adhesion with a p-value of 0.0001 (

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Mar’atus Sholikhah ◽  
Rahayu Apriyanti

ABSTRACT Alpinia galanga (L.) Sw or galangal is widely used by Indonesian people as a spice in cooking. The content of catechins and 1-acetoxicavicol acetate in the extract is known to have antioxidant activity. The ability of these antioxidants needs to be applied to pharmaceutical dosage forms to improve aesthetics and ease of use. One of the topical drug delivery systems that is in accordance with the needs of the community today is the preparation of peel-off gel mask. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of variations in PVA gelling agent concentration as a mask base on the physical characteristics of galangal extract peel-off gel masks. Three mask formulations were made based on variations in the concentration of PVA in the range of 5% -15%. The physical characterization of the preparations included organoleptic tests, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, adhesion, dispersion, and drying time. Homogeneity and organoleptic parameters were analyzed descriptively. The parameters of viscosity, drying time, pH, spreadability, and adhesion were analyzed statistically using Anova Single Factor with a confidence level of 95%. The results showed that the F1 and F2 formulas with PVA concentrations of 10% and 12.5% were the optimum formulas as a mask base. Based on statistical tests, variations in the concentration of PVA significantly influence the parameters of mask adhesion with a p-value of 0.0001 (


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Dwi Indah Iswanti ◽  
Fery Agusman Motuho Mendrofa ◽  
Diyanto Diyanto

Kemandirian bukanlah keterampilan yang muncul secara tiba-tiba tetapi perlu diajarkan dan dilatih pada anak agar tidak menghambat tugas- tugas perkembangan anak selanjutnya. Terutama pada anak yang mengalami retardasi mental akan sangat membutuhkan dukungan dari keluarga. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan  dukungan keluarga dengan tingkat kemandirian anak retardasi mental di SLB Negeri Semarang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh orang tua siswa kelas IV-VI di SLB Negeri Semarang yang berjumlah 64 siswa. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah total sampling. Dukungan keluarga pada anak retardasi mental sebagian besar adalah mendukung yaitu sebanyak 53,1%, kemandirian anak retardasi mental sebagian besar adalah kurang mandiri yaitu sebanyak 53,1%. Hasil uji statistik menemukan ada hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dengan kemandirian anak retardasi mental di SLB Negeri Semarang, dengan p value sebesar 0,000.   Kata kunci : dukungan keluarga, kemandirian anak retardasi mental THE CORRELATION BETWEEN FAMILY SUPPORT AND THE LEVEL OF INDEPENDENCE OF MENTALLY RETARDED CHILDREN   ABSTRACT Independence is not a skill that emerges suddenly but needs to be taught and trained in children so as not to inhibit the tasks of further child development. Especially for children who are mentally retarded, they will need support from the family. Research objectives to find out the correlation between family support and the level of independence of mentally retarded children in extraordinary school State of Semarang. This study uses a quantitative method with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all parents of students in class IV-VI in Semarang State SLB, amounting to 64 students. The sampling technique used is total sampling. Family support for mentally retarded children was mostly supportive, as much as 53.1%, the independence of most mentally retarded children was less independent, which was as much as 53.1%. The results of statistical tests found that there was a correlation between family support and the independence of mentally retarded children in Semarang State SLB, with a p value of 0,000.   Keywords: family support, independence of mentally retarded children


2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Ni Nyoman Novita ◽  
Gusman Arsyad

Implementation of IMD in hospitals has decreased from the previous year and has not reached the target set by the government. Some IMD implementation processes have not been carried out according to applicable standards. So that babies do not get an IMD in accordance with existing SOPs. The purpose of this study was to determine the determinant factors associated with the implementation of the IMD by midwives in the Midwifery and Maternity Room Emergency Room (IGD) at the Anutapura General Hospital in Palu. This research method is analytical with cross sectional approach. The population of this study was that all midwives in the obstetrics emergency room and maternity room at Anutapura Palu Hospital were 37 respondents. The sample in this study is total sampling. The analysis used was univariate, and bivariate analysis using the chi square test with a confidence level of 95% (α = 0.05). The results of statistical tests on variable knowledge of midwives with the implementation of IMD p value: 0.018 (p value <0.05). APN training with the implementation of IMD p value: 0.697 (p value> 0.05). length of work with the implementation of IMD p value: 0.029 (p value <0.05). and peer support with the implementation of IMD p value: 0.007 (p value <0.05). Conclusions there is a relationship between knowledge, length of work, peer support with the implementation of the IMD, and training factors that have nothing to do with IMD implementation. The strongest factor in the relationship is peer support. It is recommended that the Anutarapura Palu Hospital be able to motivate midwives so that they can further enhance their role in the implementation and provide support to their colleagues so that the implementation of the IMD can be carried out in accordance with applicable standards.Keywords: Knowledge, APN Training, Duration of work, Implementation of IMD


Author(s):  
Leny Leny

ABSTRACT Prenatal care is health care by health personnel to care the pregnant according to standards. Worlrd Health Organization (WHO) estimates more than 500.000 women die during pregnancy or childbirth. Maternal mortality in Indonesia is 307 per 100,000 live births. The quantity of pregnant women’s visit in Kabupaten Banyuasin in 2009 of 89.1%. The purpose of this study to determine the relationship between education and occupation with prenatal care at Puskesmas Mariana  Kecamatan Banyuasin I Kabupaten Banyuasin in 2011. This study uses analytic approach survey by Cross Sectional methods, the population are 1.946 pregnant women and the samples as many as 332 people. The results of univariate analysis study of pregnant women who are higher education as much as 45.2%, and  low maternal education as much as 54.8%. In pregnant women who work of 43.4%, and pregnant women who do not work for 56.6%. From the results of bivariate analysis and Chi-Square statistical tests found a significant association between education of pregnant women with prenatal care with P Value = 0.000, and there was a significant association between occupation of pregnant women with prenatal care with P Value = 0.000. Can be concluded that there is a relationship between education and occupation of pregnant women with prenatal care. Expected to health workers to provide counseling on the importance of prenatal care in pregnant women and expected future studies may explore again the factors associated with prenatal care with the different variables.   ABSTRAK Pemeriksaan kehamilan adalah pelayanan kesehatan oleh tenaga kesehatan untuk memeriksakan ibu hamil sesuai standar. World Health Organization (WHO) memperkirakan lebih dari 500.000 ibu pertahunnya meninggal saat hamil atau bersalin. AKI di Indonesia 307 per 100.000 kelahiran hidup. Jumlah kunjungan ibu hamil di Kabupaten Banyuasin tahun 2009 sebesar 89,1%. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pendidikan dan pekerjaan dengan pemeriksaan kehamilan di Puskesmas Mariana Kecamatan Banyuasin I Kabupaten Banyuasin tahun  2011. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey analitik dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional, populasi ibu hamil dengan jumlah 1.946 orang dan jumlah sampel sebanyak 332 orang. Hasil penelitian Analisa Univariat adalah ibu hamil yang pendidikan tinggi sebanyak 45,2%, dan pendidikan rendah ibu hamil sebanyak 54,8%. Pada variabel pekerjaan ibu hamil yang bekerja sebesar 43,4%, dan ibu hamil yang tidak bekerja sebesar 56,6%. Dari hasil analisa bivariat dan uji statistik Chi-Square  didapatkan hubungan yang bermakna antara pendidikan ibu hamil dengan pemeriksaan kehamilan dengan  P Value = 0,000, dan ada hubungan yang bermakna antara pekerjaan ibu hamil dengan pemeriksaan kehamilan dengan P Value = 0,000. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan antara pendidikan dan pekerjaan ibu hamil dengan pemeriksaan kehamilan. Diharapkan kepada petugas kesehatan agar dapat memberikan penyuluhan tentang pentingnya pemeriksaan pada ibu hamil dan diharapkan penelitian yang akan datang dapat menggali lagi faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemeriksaan kehamilan dengan variabel yang berbeda.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212110202
Author(s):  
Rgda Mohamed Osman ◽  
Mounkaila Noma ◽  
Abdallah Elssir Ahmed ◽  
Hanadi Abdelbagi ◽  
Rihab Ali Omer ◽  
...  

Objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease. This study aimed to determine the association of interleukin-17A-197G/A polymorphism with rheumatoid arthritis in Sudanese patients. Methods: A case–control study was conducted between March and December 2018. Clinical and demographic data of the study participants were collected and analyzed. Polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism molecular technique was done to investigate interleukin-17A-197G/A polymorphisms. All statistical tests were considered statistically significant when p < 0.05. Results: The study population included 266 participants aged between 1 and 85 years, with an average of 40 years, classified into 85 (31.2%) cases (mean age 48.5 ± 11.3 years), and 181 (68.8%) controls (mean age 35.3 ± 15.9 years). The interleukin-17A homozygote AA genotype was more frequent among the control group compared to the case group; 95 (52.5%) and 7 (8.2%), respectively. The homozygote GG and the heterozygote AG genotypes were proportionally not different among the cases and control groups; 13 (54.2%) and 11 (45.8%), and 65 (46.4%) and 75 (53.6%), respectively. According to the distribution of interleukin-17A genotypes, a statistically significant difference was observed among cases with the interleukin-17A AA and AG genotypes, p values 0.001 and 0.004, respectively. For the association interleukin-17A genotypes and family history a negatively significant association was reported (95% confidence interval, –0.219, p value = 0.001). There was also a negatively significant association of interleukin-17A genotypes and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (95% confidence interval, −0.141, p value = 0.002). Conclusion: This study is the first study in Sudan established the association between interleukin-17A-197G/A (rs2275913) polymorphisms and susceptibly to rheumatoid arthritis. These findings appeal for further research in Sudan to investigate the exact role of IL-17A in immunopathology and disease severity among Sudanese rheumatoid arthritis


BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e042101
Author(s):  
Saba Aijaz ◽  
Sana Sheikh ◽  
Asad Pathan

IntroductionAbout 2%–30% of cardiac catheterisation procedures get complicated by radial artery occlusion (RAO). Ensuring patent haemostasis appears to be an important factor in reducing RAO. Currently employed method is a radial compression device (RCD) such as transradial band (TRB) that take hours to achieve haemostasis and cause discomfort to the patients. Haemostatic pads offer an alternative to RCD with reduced time to achieve haemostasis. Our trial aims to determine the non-inferiority of the catecholamine chitosan-based pad (InnoSEAL haemostatic pad) used in conjunction with TRB (InnoSEAL +TRB) when compared with the TRB alone in reducing composite adverse access site outcomes.Methods and analysisIt will be an open-label, parallel, randomised controlled trial on 714 adult patients (325 in each arm) undergoing coronary procedure using transradial approach at a cardiac health facility over 7 months duration. InnoSEAL patch along with TRB will be used to control bleeding in intervention arm and TRB alone in control arm, which is the standard practice. Study primary outcomes include RAO and haematoma; secondary outcomes are compression time, patient discomfort, time to discharge and ease of use of the intervention technique by the healthcare staff. χ2 test will be used to compare the categorical outcomes between two arms and student’s t-test for continuous outcomes. A p value of <0.05 will be considered significant.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval for the study has been obtained from the Institutional Review Board of Tabba Heart Institute number IORG0007863. Findings will be disseminated through seminars and scientific publications.Trial registration numberNCT04380883; Pre-results.


2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 1435-1440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago L. Marques ◽  
Vanessa N. Alves ◽  
Luciana M. Coelho ◽  
Nívia M. M. Coelho

Metal contaminants are generally removed from effluents by chemical and physical processes which are often associated with disadvantages such as the use of toxic reagents, generation of toxic waste and high costs. Hence, new techniques have been developed, among them the study of natural adsorbents, for instance, the use of Moringa oleifera seeds. The potential of M. oleifera seeds for nickel removal in aqueous systems was investigated. The seeds utilized were obtained from plants grown in Uberlândia/Brazil. After being dried and pulverized, the seeds were treated with 0.1 mol/L NaOH. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analyses were used for the characterization of the material. Using the optimized methodology (50 mL of 4.0 mg/L Ni(II), pH range of 4.0–6.0, agitation time of 5 min and adsorption mass of 2.0 g) more than 90% of Ni(II) could be removed from water samples. The sorption data were fitted satisfactorily by the Langmuir adsorption model. Evaluation applying the Langmuir equation gave the monolayer sorption capacity as 29.6 mg/g. The results indicate that this material could be employed in the extraction of nickel, considering its ease of use, low cost and environmental viability, which make it highly attractive for application in developing countries.


Author(s):  
Parisa Hajian ◽  
Amir Mansour Shirani ◽  
Maryam Khosravi

Introduction: Recurrent Herpes Labialis (RHL) is a common infection and occurs in 20 to 40% of the general population. Risk for transmission exists in dental treatments. There are several different treatments for it. The purpose of this study is a comparison between low-level Laser therapy (LLLT) and acyclovir cream for the treatment of it. Materials & Methods: This performed study was a semi-blind clinical trial in the Oral Medicine Department, Dental School, Islamic Azad University Isfahan Branch (Khorasgan) in the year 2015- 2016. 30 patients got divided into 2 similar groups. Patients in LLLT group, treated in 3 sessions every other day, received 660 nm laser irradiation,100mW,4 J/cm2, continuous, located at a distance of 1 mm from the lesion for 40 seconds. Patients in the medication group treated with 5% acyclovir cream five times a day. In both groups severity of pain and lesion size during treatment and healing time recorded. The collected data were analyzed using statistical tests including independent T-test and Repeated Measures ANOVA ( p value < 0.05). Results: The laser group had better statistically findings for the median time for pain relief (p value < 0.001), and the median time for healing (p value < 0.001), the median lesions size two days after treatment (p value = 0.03), and four days after treatment (p value = 0.003). Conclusion: According to data analysis, laser 660 nm is more effective in pain relief and lesions size reduction and healing time than topical acyclovir in patients with herpes labialis.


2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinaldo C Oliveira ◽  
Augusto Brasileiro ◽  
Danielle Oliveira ◽  
Elayne Heide ◽  
Myrtson Gurgel ◽  
...  

Introduction: The role of the immune and inflammatory pathways in patients with atherosclerosis is important but not complete understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate if patients with coronary atherosclerosis have higher concentrations of interleukins 17 A and 22 when compared to patients without carotid atherosclerosis. Hypothesis: There are higher concentrations of interleukins 17 A and 22 in patients with coronary artery disease than in patients without carotid disease Methods: This is a cross-sectional, prospective, analytical study, conducted from August to December 2015, that enrolled 60 patients. We included 30 patients with stable CAD with coronary stenosis ≥ 50% according to current coronary angiography and 30 patients with chronic infectious parasitic disease without carotid atherosclerosis according to intimal medial thickness. Interleukins (IL) were evaluated in serum of patients. IL concentrations were expressed in pg / ml and the detectable minimum values of interleukins were: 17A = 15.62 pg/ml and 22 = 7.81 pg/ml. Descriptive and analytical statistical analyzes were performed. The Shapiro-Wilk normality test was applied to verify the normality of the data. Statistical tests were used to compare the variables and p-value < 0.05 was significant Results: There were 18 men and 12 women in the group of patients with coronary disease and 14 men and 16 patients without carotid disease. The main CAD risk factors (in the group of patients with coronary atherosclerosis) were: Hypertension 63%, Diabetes Mellitus 40%, dyslipidemia 33%, smoking 23%. The serum concentrations of interleukins 17A showed: patients with coronary atherosclerosis = 15.62 pg/ml vs patients without carotid atherosclerosis = 15.62 pg/ml. Serum concentrations of interleukins 22 showed: patients with coronary atherosclerosis = 7.81 pg/ml vs patients without carotid atherosclerosis = 7.81 pg/ml. Conclusions: Interleukin 17 and 22 concentrations were low in both groups of patients and there were no differences between patients with coronary atherosclerosis and no carotid atherosclerosis. Therefore, it is possible that these interleukins measured may not identify who has coronary atherosclerosis and who does not have carotid atherosclerosis.


Author(s):  
Indah Etika Putri ◽  
Zulfani Sesmiarni ◽  
Alfi Rahmi

<em>The aim of this research is to find out the effectiveness of individual counseling through emotive rational counseling approach in overcoming anxiety in Payakumbuh Class IIB Penitentiary. The population is fostered citizens before the criminal period ends as many as 20 people, while the study sample is fostered citizens before the criminal period ends as many as 5 people and who are indicated to have high anxiety based on non-rondom sampling techniques and recommendations from employees. The data collection instrument is a Likert scale. Data analysis techniques using non-parametric statistical tests using Wilcoxon rack test, hypothesis testing using Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) version 22. The results showed the difference between the pretest and posttest values. From the Wilcoxon test calculation results obtained a significant sip-value of 2.023. Based on the applicable provisions, it is known that the Wilcoxon Sig p-value test result is 0.043 &lt;α (α = 0.05) which means that Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. From the results of the Wilcoxon test calculation it can be concluded that it is effective to overcome anxiety in the target population before the criminal period expires.</em>


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